Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
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The German News Coverage of Poland during the Polish EU Presidency Term in 2011
Get PDFThis paper summarizes the key features of the German print media news coverage on Poland throughout the timeframe of the Polish EU Presidency term in 2011. Results stem from a quantitative content analysis of three daily newspapers and one newsmagazine that were analyzed over a timeframe of 7 months from June 2011 to January 2012. Being one of the founding countries of the EU, Germany is one of the “EU-heavyweights”, regarding its population size and its political standing. Furthermore, compared to other EU members, the country has a rather supportive position towards its own EU membership as well as to EU-related matters. This position was slightly shaken more recently by the EU financial crisis, but remains more positive still than in many other EU countries. However, Germany also has a very special and not always conflict-free relationship to its neighboring country Poland. Both aspects are crucial to bear in mind when the German news coverage on Poland during the presidency term is taken into view. The paper shows that the Polish EU presidency did not change the overall thematic focus of the German news coverage on Poland. The frame of perceptions of Poland shifted towards a more EU-related dimension only slightly and temporarily, but overall, deeper-rooted frames of perception as well as characteristic news factors shaped the German news coverage on Poland
Krajowy mechanizm prewencji – funkcje i zadania Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich
Get PDFThe paper points out that the Commissioner for Civil Rights Protection of Poland performs the functions of a visiting body for the prevention of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (national preventive mechanism) as understood in the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in New York on December 18, 2002.The paper points out that the Commissioner for Civil Rights Protection of Poland performs the functions of a visiting body for the prevention of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (national preventive mechanism) as understood in the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in New York on December 18, 2002
The presidency as a task. The image of Poland’s presidency of the Council of the European Union in selected Polish weekly magazines
Get PDFDespite the fact that it is exercised in the interests of the European Union as a whole, the presidency of the Council of the European Union is also an excellent opportunity to promote national interests and a positive image of the country, acting as an ‘amplifier’ of the voice of the state. Particular significance should be ascribed to the European and national media, which can support the positive image of a specific country and its government, but can also undermine such an image. The purpose of this paper is to raise the question of the specific mechanisms of constructing the image of Poland, Europe/European Union and the Polish presidency in the national media. The paper also indicates the mechanisms for building support for the vision of the Polish government, the European Union and the Polish presidency. The theoretical foundations of this article are provided by the analytical categories and concepts developed by critical discourse analysis. The article examines how the media represented individual and collective political actors, attributed specific characteristics to them, and used arguments in favor of a particular vision of Poland, the European Union and the Polish presidency of the EU Council
Facets of the Polish EU presidency on Greek news websites
Get PDFThe purpose of this research was to investigate the promotion of the Polish presidency of the European Union through the analysis of three popular Greek news websites. The survey collected articles from the websites, using the keywords Poland and EU presidency, which were published between July 1 and December 31, 2011. Results obtained provide several aspects regarding the presentation of the Polish EU presidency in the Greek media. Additionally, the research results reveal information about the role and activities of the rotating presidency of the European Union, as well as information of the European communicative policy
Małopolskie dzienniki regionalne w procesie tabloidyzacji przekazu na temat wyborów samorządowych – płaszczyzna formy
No full textThe tabloidization of political journalism is inseparable from the developing process of the mediatization of politics, which is based on political entities adjusting their activities to the logic of the media, and the consequent changes this causes in media coverage. The purpose of this paper is to answer the question of whether the coverage of the local government election campaign by the regional dailies of Małopolska showed features typical of tabloids. The author presents the results of an analysis of the Kraków dailies (Dziennik Polski, Gazeta Krakowska and the local insert to Gazeta Wyborcza), in terms of five criteria of discourse differentiation: entertainization/infotainment, the rhetoric of dispute, personalization, markedness, and simplification. The analysis covered two aspects of the discourse: its form and content. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the tabloidization of media coverage in relation to its form and compares the results of surveys in 2006 and 2010.The tabloidization of political journalism is inseparable from the developing process of the mediatization of politics, which is based on political entities adjusting their activities to the logic of the media, and the consequent changes this causes in media coverage. The purpose of this paper is to answer the question of whether the coverage of the local government election campaign by the regional dailies of Małopolska showed features typical of tabloids. The author presents the results of an analysis of the Kraków dailies (Dziennik Polski, Gazeta Krakowska and the local insert to Gazeta Wyborcza), in terms of five criteria of discourse differentiation: entertainization/infotainment, the rhetoric of dispute, personalization, markedness, and simplification. The analysis covered two aspects of the discourse: its form and content. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the tabloidization of media coverage in relation to its form and compares the results of surveys in 2006 and 2010
Idealny model dziennikarstwa w zderzeniu z rzeczywistością
Get PDFCan one talk about an ideal model of journalism? What is meant by this term? Is journalism only a profession, or can it be a mission? These are the questions that immediately come to mind when talking about the attitudes of contemporary journalists. Who decides to do the job and for what reasons? What abilities should journalists have? Is a journalist whose popularity is growing still a journalist or does he become a celebrity? The purpose of this article is to provide answers to these questions, as well as to collect and present the characteristics that are uniquely associated with the ideal model of a journalist, and to confront them with specific, selected examples of the behavior of Polish journalists, which demonstrate that all these suggestions may be practical, but may also be only ideals divorced from reality.Can one talk about an ideal model of journalism? What is meant by this term? Is journalism only a profession, or can it be a mission? These are the questions that immediately come to mind when talking about the attitudes of contemporary journalists. Who decides to do the job and for what reasons? What abilities should journalists have? Is a journalist whose popularity is growing still a journalist or does he become a celebrity? The purpose of this article is to provide answers to these questions, as well as to collect and present the characteristics that are uniquely associated with the ideal model of a journalist, and to confront them with specific, selected examples of the behavior of Polish journalists, which demonstrate that all these suggestions may be practical, but may also be only ideals divorced from reality
Kobiety w polskiej administracji publicznej
Get PDFThe amendments made to the electoral law, and effective as of 2011, introduced a quota system but they did not solve the problem of women’s participation in public life. Each sex was guaranteed a minimum of 35% of seats on electoral lists, without the requirement of alternating the candidates of different sexes, allowing certain political parties to only appear to implement the legislation. Despite the legal regulation imposing a requirement to increase the number of female candidates on electoral lists, the number of women currently in parliament increased only marginally, which raises the question of the degree of women’s participation in those executive organs of the state which are not required to observe a quota. There is much to be desired as regards the participation of women in the organs of state administration at both central and local levels in Poland. Political posts are clearly dominated by men. As regards administrative positions, the proportion of women depends on the degree of power connected with them: the higher the level in the hierarchy, the fewer women there are. As concerns‘executive’ posts, we can talk not only about a balance of sexes, but even about the prevalence of women, in some cases. Therefore, it is increasingly often postulated in public debate to introduce a quota system into the organs of state administration, the more so as some European countries have already applied similar solutions.The amendments made to the electoral law, and effective as of 2011, introduced a quota system but they did not solve the problem of women’s participation in public life. Each sex was guaranteed a minimum of 35% of seats on electoral lists, without the requirement of alternating the candidates of different sexes, allowing certain political parties to only appear to implement the legislation. Despite the legal regulation imposing a requirement to increase the number of female candidates on electoral lists, the number of women currently in parliament increased only marginally, which raises the question of the degree of women’s participation in those executive organs of the state which are not required to observe a quota. There is much to be desired as regards the participation of women in the organs of state administration at both central and local levels in Poland. Political posts are clearly dominated by men. As regards administrative positions, the proportion of women depends on the degree of power connected with them: the higher the level in the hierarchy, the fewer women there are. As concerns‘executive’ posts, we can talk not only about a balance of sexes, but even about the prevalence of women, in some cases. Therefore, it is increasingly often postulated in public debate to introduce a quota system into the organs of state administration, the more so as some European countries have already applied similar solutions
Tabloidyzacja audycji informacyjnych – przyczynek do badań
Get PDFThe text presents and briefly discusses the methodological premises and partial research results of a study fully presented in a book by D. Piontek, B. Hordecki and S. Ossowski Tabloidyzacja dyskursu politycznego w polskich mediach [The tabloidization of political discourse in the Polish media], published by the academic publishing house of the Faculty of Political Science and Journalism of AMU (Poznań 2013). On the basis of the criterion of viewership of Polish channels as well as news programs, the news service Wiadomosci TVP1 and Fakty TVN were selected as the object of the study; the timeframe covered the first two weeks of every month beginning in September 2011 and finishing in August 2012. The research sample amounted to 154 issues of each program. A single news item constituted the object of analysis, while every news item classified as political underwent additional in-depth analysis. A total of 1,421 news items were analyzed (including 350 political ones), 783 from Wiadomosci and 638 from Fakty.The text presents and briefly discusses the methodological premises and partial research results of a study fully presented in a book by D. Piontek, B. Hordecki and S. Ossowski Tabloidyzacja dyskursu politycznego w polskich mediach [The tabloidization of political discourse in the Polish media], published by the academic publishing house of the Faculty of Political Science and Journalism of AMU (Poznań 2013). On the basis of the criterion of viewership of Polish channels as well as news programs, the news service Wiadomosci TVP1 and Fakty TVN were selected as the object of the study; the timeframe covered the first two weeks of every month beginning in September 2011 and finishing in August 2012. The research sample amounted to 154 issues of each program. A single news item constituted the object of analysis, while every news item classified as political underwent additional in-depth analysis. A total of 1,421 news items were analyzed (including 350 political ones), 783 from Wiadomosci and 638 from Fakty
Współczesne oblicza władzy politycznej – kilka uwag wstępnych
No full textThe author discusses the issues of authority (in particular political authority), approaching it as a fragment of a highly complex and extensive subject. He emphasizes that it is extremely difficult to find a notion (as well as a phenomenon, or rather a process) that is equally significant in political science, and yet one that is simultaneously so elusive and difficult to verify pragmatically as authority. He stresses that it has accompanied Homo sapiens since their very beginnings. The basement of the National Museum in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, exhibits the remnants of a skeleton of our great-, great-… (and so on) grandmother, ‘Lucy.’ As we observe the behavior of our hominid relatives (from whom the notion of ‘alpha male’ has been transferred to contemporary politics) it is hard to avoid the idea that Lucy had to fight for her position. Authority permeates all realms of social existence and is present in all historical and contemporary societies. On the most comprehensive macroscale, authority is the core aspect of international political relations, as well as economic relations between states or transnational companies. On a microscale, authority is exercised in the most basic human contacts and interactions. It is manifested as the authority of state over its citizens, superiors over subordinates, teachers over students, parents over children, and girls over those infatuated with them. It is this universal and common nature of the phenomenon (or process) of authority which occurs both inside and outside politics, and which generates such profound difficulties.The author discusses the issues of authority (in particular political authority), approaching it as a fragment of a highly complex and extensive subject. He emphasizes that it is extremely difficult to find a notion (as well as a phenomenon, or rather a process) that is equally significant in political science, and yet one that is simultaneously so elusive and difficult to verify pragmatically as authority. He stresses that it has accompanied Homo sapiens since their very beginnings. The basement of the National Museum in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, exhibits the remnants of a skeleton of our great-, great-… (and so on) grandmother, ‘Lucy.’ As we observe the behavior of our hominid relatives (from whom the notion of ‘alpha male’ has been transferred to contemporary politics) it is hard to avoid the idea that Lucy had to fight for her position. Authority permeates all realms of social existence and is present in all historical and contemporary societies. On the most comprehensive macroscale, authority is the core aspect of international political relations, as well as economic relations between states or transnational companies. On a microscale, authority is exercised in the most basic human contacts and interactions. It is manifested as the authority of state over its citizens, superiors over subordinates, teachers over students, parents over children, and girls over those infatuated with them. It is this universal and common nature of the phenomenon (or process) of authority which occurs both inside and outside politics, and which generates such profound difficulties
Język dyskursu publicznego w polskim systemie politycznym
No full textThese days, political actors use the language of politics not only as a means of communication but as an instrument of competition. Politics is becoming an area of social activity which to a large extent is constituted by words. The issues discussed in this paper involve the definitions of basic concepts and an indication of participants in public discourse, a determination of discourse content and the styles of language of politics, and the conclusions of the study. The paper emphasizes that the contemporary language of public discourse in the Polish political system is highly colloquial, negative and very often characterized by a lack of respect for opponents. Its participants include political actors, mass media, and the recipients of messages. The language of discourse is primarily shaped by the media in the process of message priming, framing and tabloidization.These days, political actors use the language of politics not only as a means of communication but as an instrument of competition. Politics is becoming an area of social activity which to a large extent is constituted by words. The issues discussed in this paper involve the definitions of basic concepts and an indication of participants in public discourse, a determination of discourse content and the styles of language of politics, and the conclusions of the study. The paper emphasizes that the contemporary language of public discourse in the Polish political system is highly colloquial, negative and very often characterized by a lack of respect for opponents. Its participants include political actors, mass media, and the recipients of messages. The language of discourse is primarily shaped by the media in the process of message priming, framing and tabloidization