Jurnal Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
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Wacana Kepimpinan Dalam Ucapan Abdullah Ahmad Badawi
No full textThis study aims to show the practices of leadership by Abdullah Ahmad Badawi as seen in the texts of his speeches at the UMNO General Assembly. Based on Fairclough's critical discourse analysis framework. This theoretical framework exposes weighty social issues in the discourse of the speeches to explain power relations and also shows the links between economic, social, cultural and political contexts. This study also explains the meanings of words that articulate the throughts and practices of the speaker's leadership. Abdullah Ahmad Badawi is shown to be thinking in Malay and based on Malay culture wih the aim of bringing change into his leadership. The study finds that tolerance also influence his leaderhip practices. Abdullah Ahmad Badawi's tolerant and transparent leadership pratices are clearly shown in his speeches, which highlight his actions and efforts, while his leadership is proof of his commitment to respect other religions and cultures. In this regard, the use of the critical discourse analysis framework to analyse the political speeches of Abdullah Ahmad Badawi is a means to show that language is a way to uncover the qualities of a leader.
Keywords: discourse analysis, tolerance, transparency, leadership, Abdullah Ahmad BadawiKajian ini bertujuan memperlihatkan praktis kepimpinan Abdullah Ahmad Badawi melalui teks ucapan dasar di Perhimpunan Agung UMNO bersandarkan kerangka teori analisis wacana kritis Fairclough. Kerangka teori ini menjurus kepada persoalan sosial yang tumpat dalam wacana ucapan untuk menjelaskan hubungan kuasa dan memperlihatkan perkaitan praktikal dalam konteks ekonomi, sosial, budaya dan politik. Kajian ini juga memerihalkan makna kata yang dapat menterjemahkan pendirian dan praktis kepemimpinan pewacana. Abdullah Ahmad Badawi didapati berfikir dalam bahasa atau budaya Melayu untuk membawa perubahan dalam kepimpinannya. Dapatan telah memperlihatkan sifat toleransi dan ketelusan terpancar dalam wacana ucapannya yang menonjolkan tindakan dan usahanya. Dalam hal ini, penggunaan kerangka teori analisis wacana kritis dalam menganalisis wacana kepimpinan Abdullah Ahmad Badawi telah dapat memperlihatkan kemampuan bahasa dalam menyingkap kepimpinan seseorang pemimpin.
Kata kunci : analisis wacana, toleransi, telus, kepimpinan, Abdullah Ahmad Badaw
Nyai in Partriarchal and Colonial Society: A Subaltern Study of Nyai Ontosoroh in Pramoedya Ananta Toer's Bumi Manusia
No full textThe practice of nyai began in Indonesia in the 17th century when the Dutch colonizers began strengthening their foothold there. A nyai is none other than a concubine or a mistress to a foreigner, especially a European. The nyai were a group of women who were exploited during the Dutch occupation. To what extent was a nyai merely a sexual object to colonizers, and is associated with the use of force which was prevalent in the patriarchal Javanese society? Did the nyai voice their rights? Did the authorities care about their hardship? This essay shall analyse these issues using the approach of Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak's subaltern studies, which puts foward the concept of subaltern women as oppressed women without a voice. Although others could voice the problems on their behalf, this is not the voice of subaltern women themselves as the party that voices out their problems may have other interests. This analysis is of subaltern women in Pramoedya Ananta Toer's novel This Earth of Mankind (Bumi Manusia). This study confirms that Nyai Ontosoroh is a subaltern woman in two types of society, i.e. patriarchal and colonial society. She is manipulated for the interests of men and for colonizers. Nyai Ontosoroh can be taken to be an example of the exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. Nyai Ontosoroh herself attempts to voice out her rights as a daughter and a mother. Patriarchal and colonial groups continually deny subaltern women like Nyai Ontosoroh their rights.
Keywords: subaltern women, patriarchy, nyai, colonialis
Mekanisme Pembahagian Harta Pusaka Tanah Rancangan: Kajian di Felda Taib Andak, Kulai, Johor
No full textThis article discusses the mechanism for distribution of estate land mechanism with a focus on the problems faced in the distribution of inheritance in Felda Taib Andak. Data in this article are obtained quantitatively and qualitatively. In this study, field work was done through interviews and questionnaires. Interviews were done directly with the persons involved in the distribution of FELDA estates that include the management of FELDA Taib Andak. The questionnaire was distributed to 250 Felda settlers of Taib Andak. Only a total of 209 (83.6 per cent) returned the questionnaire. The study showed that most of the settlers had elected to appoint the administrators as the mechanism for FELDA estate distribution than giving direct ownership to mutually agreed party or parties among the heirs. The study has also shown that contentious issues in the estate distribution in Taib Andak are provisions of sections 14 and section 15, the Land (Group Settlement Areas) Act 1960 which only allow for two nominees to be named in the FELDA title deed. In addition, the incidence of fraud and disputes among heirs and other issues have also contributed to the problems in the distribution of estates. However, this study has revealed that the main problem in the implementation of distribution of FELDA estates is due to the attitude of the parties involved in the matter.
Keywords: FELDA inheritance, Land Act 1960, the Islamic inheritance, Islamic LawMakalah ini membincangkan mekanisme pembahagian harta pusaka tanah rancangan dengan melihat masalah yang berlaku dalam pembahagian pusaka di FELDA Taib Andak sehingga timbulnya pelbagai isu berkenaan pembahagian pusaka dalam kalangan mereka. Data dalam artikel ini diperoleh secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Dalam kajian ini kerja lapangan secara temu bual dan soal selidik telah dilakukan. Temu bual telah dilakukan secara langsung dengan beberapa pihak yang terlibat dalam urusan pembahagian pusaka FELDA termasuk pihak pengurusan FELDA Taib Andak, manakala bagi kaedah soal selidik pula, sebanyak 250 borang soal selidik telah diedarkan kepada peneroka FELDA Taib Andak. Walau bagaimanapun, hanya 209 (83.6 peratus) sahaja yang mengembalikan borang soal selidik tersebut. Kajian mendapati kebanyakan warga peneroka memilih untuk melantik pentadbir sebagai mekanisme pembahagian harta pusaka FELDA berbanding dengan pemilikan terus kepada waris yang dipersetujui bersama. Kajian juga menunjukkan bahawa isu yang timbul dalam pembahagian harta pusaka di FELDA Taib Andak ialah peneroka terikat dengan seksyen 14 dan seksyen 15, Akta Tanah (Kawasan Penempatan Berkelompok) 1960 yang hanya membolehkan dua penama pada geran tanah FELDA. Pecah amanah dan pertikaian dalam kalangan ahli waris serta beberapa masalah lain turut menyumbang kepada masalah dalam pembahagian tanah pusaka FELDA. Namun begitu, berdasarkan kajian ini, masalah utama dalam pembahagian tanah pusaka FELDA berpunca daripada sikap individu yang terlibat dengan pembahagian harta pusaka itu sendiri.
Kata Kunci: Pusaka FELDA, Akta Tanah 1960, pewarisan Islam, undangundang Isla
Hak Anak terhadap Nafkah dalam Perundangan Islam: Sejauh Manakah Bapa Bertanggungjawab Menanggung Nafkah Anaknya
No full textThe legal relationship between parents and children creates various rights and responsibilities. These rights are inclusive of rights in relation to person and property of the children. Those rights are for example, rights to parenting, breastfeeding, protection and guardianship, custody, maintenance and inheritance. This article will examine issues relating to children's rights to maintenance in general under Islamic law and situations that make them qualified to maintenance. Examination extends to provision of Islamic law that is applicable in Malaysia and its application in Islamic Family Law (Act). This paper will further examine the extent of the father's responsibility in providing maintenance to his children in line with the will of the Shari'ah and present demand; and in what situations this responsibility transfers to the next of kin.
Keywords: maintenance, children's rights, Islamic law, Malaysian lawHubungan antara anak dengan ibu bapa dari aspek undang-undang mewujudkan pelbagai hak dan tanggungjawab. Hak ini merangkumi hak yang berkaitan dengan diri dan harta anak tersebut. Hak anak ini seperti keperluan terhadap keibubapaan, penyusuan, perlindungan dan penjagaan, perwalian, nafkah, dan pewarisan. Makalah ini akan meneliti isu yang berkaitan dengan hak anak terhadap nafkah dan keadaan yang melayakkan mereka untuk mendapat nafkah di bawah undang-undang Islam. Perbincangan merangkumi peruntukan undang-undang Islam dan pemakaiannya dalam Akta Undang-undang Keluarga Islam di Malaysia. Makalah ini seterusnya akan mengkaji sejauh manakah bapa bertanggungjawab dalam menyediakan nafkah anak selari dengan kehendak syarak dan tuntutan semasa; dan bilakah tanggungjawab tersebut berpindah kepada kerabat terdekat.
Kata Kunci: nafkah, hak anak, tanggungjawab bapa, perundangan Islam, perundangan Malaysi
Main Pateri dan Persekitaran Fizikal: Kajian Kes di Kampung Jedok, Ayer Lanas, Kelantan
No full textMain Pateri is one of the Malay traditional medicinal practices that is still popular in the eastern part of Peninsular Malaysia, and is still one of the options selected by the local community to treat illnesses especially psychosomatic ones. This study was conducted to document the healing ritual of Main Pateri and to explore the physical environmental parameters during the ritual. In order to achieve this objective, a case study in Kampung Jedok, Ayer Lanas, Kelantan was chosen. Observation, in-depth interviews and measurements of physical environmental parameters including ambient temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, light intensity and sound level were carried out. From the study, it can be concluded that the healing ritual of Main Pateri caused fluctuations in the physical environmental parameters due to the movement of the Tok Teri and the patient, as well as through the dance movements, musical instruments and the movement of audience. In addition, the natural environmental conditions also influenced the results of measurement. This study may serve as a fundamental basis for further and more detailed studies on the influence of Main Pateri and its relation to physical environmental parameters. However, such study would need to be performed in an enclosed and controlled environment.
Keywords: Malay traditional medicine, Main Pateri, physical environmentMain Pateri merupakan satu daripada perubatan tradisional Melayu yang popular di kawasan timur Semenanjung Malaysia dan masih menjadi pilihan masyarakat setempat untuk mengubati pelbagai jenis penyakit khususnya berkaitan kekusutan jiwa ataupun penyakit psikosomatik. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mendokumenkan upacara ritual penyembuhan Main Pateri dan meninjau parameter fizikal persekitaran semasa berlangsungnya upacara penyembuhan tersebut. Satu lokasi kajian kes Main Pateri di Kampung Jedok, Ayer Lanas, Kelantan telah dipilih untuk mencapai objektif kajian ini. Pemerhatian, temu bual yang mendalam dan pengukuran parameter fizikal persekitaran yang merangkumi suhu persekitaran, kelembapan relatif, halaju udara, keamatan cahaya dan tahap bunyi telah dijalankan. Melalui kajian ini dapat disimpulkan bahawa upacara Main Pateri mempengaruhi turun naik parameter fizikal persekitaran disebabkan oleh pergerakan Tok Teri, pesakit, tari-menari, paluan alat muzik dan penonton yang keluar masuk daripada pentas Main Pateri. Selain itu, keadaan persekitaran alam semula jadi turut mempengaruhi bacaan data yang dicerap. Kajian ini juga dapat dijadikan asas untuk kajian lanjutan untuk menilai pengaruh upacara Main Pateri dan mengkaji hubung kaitnya terhadap parameter fizikal persekitaran dengan lebih terperinci tetapi perlu dilakukan dalam persekitaran kajian yang tertutup dan terkawal.
Kata kunci: perubatan tradisional Melayu, Main Pateri, persekitaran fizika
'Umran dan Aplikasinya di Alam Melayu
No full textThis paper draws special attention to the term and its application in the Malay Archipelago. So far, no single attempt has been made neither to produce a complete data of `umran nor a comparative study with that of other terms namely hadarah, madaniyyah and tamaddun. The concept of `umran was proposed by Ibn Khaldun in his magnum opus, Muqaddimah, in the 14th century. The aim is to replace the "secular" concept of madaniyyah (civilization) which has its origins in ancient Greece. Modern scholars consider the term `umran to be identical to madaniyyah. However, there are two contradictory views: one that considers 'umran to be synonymous with civilization, and an opposing view, based on a theory known as 'ilm al 'umran, which considers it to be different. Therefore, this study is particularly concerned with the two contradictory views by drawing special attention to Ibn Khaldun`s theory of `umran to determine which of the two views is correct. The method used in this study is the "induction" method of logical reasoning that obtains laws from empirical research findings, unlike "deduction"- a process of reasoning that applies general principles to a particular case. To prove that the method of induction is more effective we use comparative and semantic analysis as a scientific method, and historical facts, as the yardstick to obtain a scientific finding.The objective of this study is to broaden the minds and attitudes of the Muslim peoples in this region, especially in the field of social sciences and to highlight the importance of `umran in the study of human life as a source of religious knowledge and Malay culture in Southeast Asia. Other objectives include highlighting and bringing to light the contributions of Ibn Khaldun in the field of religion, social sciences and the humanities. Finally, it aims at instilling the positive values of `umran in the academia and education of the Muslim World.Keywords: Ibn Khaldun, `umran, civilization, Islam, Malay ArchipelagoKajian ini memfokuskan pada `umran dan aplikasinya di Alam Melayu. Sehingga kini tiada suatu kajian komprehensif, atau, kajian perbandingan antara `umran dengan istilah yang hampir semakna dengannya seperti hadarah, madaniyyah, dan tamaddun. Konsep `umran mula diperkenalkan oleh Ibn Khaldun pada abad ke-14 menerusi karya agungnya Muqaddimah. Tujuannya untuk menggantikan istilah madaniyyah yang berbentuk "sekular" yang diperkenalkan oleh masyarakat Yunani kuno. Sarjana moden mengidentifikasikan `umran sebagai madaniyyah (civilization). Oleh yang demikian, terdapat dua interpretasi yang bertentangan mengenai `umran. Kajian ini akan meneliti sama ada `umran semakna dengan civilization atau berbeza berdasarkan teori `umran (`ilm al-`umran). Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah "induksi" berdasarkan taakulan bagi menentukan hukum daripada hasil kajian empirik yang berbeza daripada kaedah "deduksi", iaitu suatu proses taakulan dari prinsip umum kepada kes khusus bagi menentukan hukum. Bagi membuktikan kaedah induksi lebih efektif maka digunakan pula kajian perbandingan dan analisis semantik berdasarkan kaedah saintifik dan fakta sejarah sebagai "kayu ukur" bagi mencapai rumusan yang saintifik. Objektif kajian ini, antara lain termasuklah bagi mengembangkan dan meluasdalamkan lagi minda masyarakat Islam di rantau ini, khususnya dalam bidang sains sosial Islam, di samping mendedahkan kepentingan `umran dalam bidang kehidupan sebagai salah satu sumber ilmu agama dan budaya masyarakat Islam. Tujuan lain adalah untuk memperlihatkan sumbangan Ibn Khaldun dalam bidang agama, sains sosial dan kemanusiaan, serta menyuntik nilai budaya murni `umran dalam bidang akademik dan pendidikan di dunia Islam.Kata Kunci: Ibn Khaldun, `umran, tamadun, Islam, Alam Melay
Pelaksanaan Elemen Sastera dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Seni Bahasa Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah
No full textThis paper will address the reading skills that are associated with the element of language arts and implemented in the Standard Curriculum for Primary Schools (KSSR) in stages beginning 2011. KSSR focused on the four skills of reading, writing, mathematics and reasoning in order to enhance the learning of the Malay language. In order to make this subject increasingly attractive and competitive, a Malay language curriculum consisting of a new element was introduced into the Malay KSSR, namely the language of "art edutainment" as one of the approaches to teaching and learning. Language arts refers to the ability of students to understand, express and appreciate the beautiful language through a fun-filled learning edutainment. As such, this study aimed to identify teacher confidence in the teaching and learning of language arts and to measure the extent to which teachers can apply literary elements and text to improve the effectiveness of students' reading skills . This study employed the descriptive approach and data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. The respondents selected comprised Malay primary school teachers. This study hypothesizes that teachers have a high level of confidence in the teaching and learning of language arts and are able to stimulate students' reading skills . The study also proposes that literature-based texts will be better able to build confidence and to enhance the ability.
Keywords: literary elements, language arts, reading skills, edutainment, Standard Curriculum for Primary Schools (KSSR)Makalah ini akan membahaskan kemahiran membaca yang akan dikaitkan dengan elemen seni bahasa dan mula dilaksanakan dalam Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah (KSSR) secara berperingkat bermula tahun 2011. KSSR memberi tumpuan pada empat kemahiran, iaitu membaca, menulis, mengira dan menaakul dalam usaha memperkasakan pembelajaran mata pelajaran Bahasa Melayu. Bagi menjadikan mata pelajaran ini kian menarik dan berdaya saing, kurikulum Bahasa Melayu yang terdiri daripada suatu elemen baharu telah diperkenalkan dalam kurikulum huraian sukatan pelajaran Bahasa Melayu KSSR, iaitu seni bahasa, sementara "didik hibur" menjadi salah satu pendekatan dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Seni bahasa ini merujuk keupayaan murid untuk memahami, mengungkap dan menghargai bahasa yang indah melalui pembelajaran yang menyeronokkan secara didik hibur. Maka kajian yang dilakukan ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti keyakinan guru dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran seni bahasa sepanjang pelaksanaan dan mengukur sejauh mana guru dapat menerapkan elemen dan teks sastera dalam meningkatkan keberkesanan kemahiran pembacaan murid. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan deskriptif dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik serta temu bual bagi mendapatkan maklum balas daripada responden. Responden terdiri daripada guru Bahasa Melayu sekolah rendah. Ramalan hasil kajian ini ialah guru mempunyai tahap keyakinan yang tinggi dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran seni bahasa serta dapat merangsang kemahiran membaca murid. Perkara yang turut diberi perhatian juga adalah penggunaan teks berunsurkan sastera turut dapat membina keyakinan dan keupayaan penghayatan yang lebih baik.
Kata kunci: elemen sastera, seni bahasa, kemahiran membaca, didik hibur, Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah (KSSR
Kata Kerja Bersiri dalam Bahasa Melayu
No full textThis This article will analyse the syntactic properties of Malay and the types of serial verbs in Malay especially those prevalent in the Kedah and Melaka Malay dialects. Serial verbs can be roughly defined as containing two or more verbs in sequence such as the construction: NP V1 (NP2) V2 (NP3) without overt coordination or subordination markers. Based on this definition, six categories of serial verbs are postulated. The characteristics of serial verbs are also described. Baker (1989) discussed the types of serial verbs which are considered as proper serial verbs but which did not include motion serial verbs. Baker (1989) posits a few types of serial verbs which he regards as serial verb proper such as structure [VP V V N Det]. One type of structure, [VP V N V N ] that exists in Malay is the for example are an example of those which Baker did not consider as serial verbs. This article argues that directional serial verbs are legitimate serial verb constructions in Malay especially in DMK. Three diagnostic tests namely negation, extraction of arguments and intonation were applied to these serial verbs constructions. They demonstrate the difference in behavior among serial verbs versus the embedded or coordinate clauses.
Keywords: process, clause, functional grammar, active process, mental process, situational process, experientialMakalah ini mengupas ciri sintaksis dan jenis binaan kata kerja bersiri dalam bahasa Melayu khususnya yang terdapat dalam dialek Kedah dan dialek Melaka. Kata kerja bersiri dapat didefinisikan secara kasar sebagai struktur yang mempunyai dua atau lebih kata kerja berentetan KK1 KK2 seperti: [FN KK1 (FN2) KK2 (FN3)] tanpa kehadiran sebarang penanda koordinat atau subordinat secara ketara. Berdasarkan definisi ini enam kategori kata kerja bersiri telah dihasilkan. Sifat kata kerja bersiri juga telah diperincikan. Baker (1989) mengemukakan beberapa jenis kata kerja bersiri yang dapat dianggap sebagai kata kerja bersiri semu khususnya yang berbentuk [FK KK KN KK KN]. Antara kata kerja bersiri yang Baker tidak kategorikan sebagai kata kerja bersiri termasuklah yang berbentuk [FK KK KK KN KPen] seperti kata kerja bersiri gerak. Walau bagaimanapun, makalah ini ingin membuktikan bahawa kata kerja bersiri gerak wujud dalam bahasa Melayu khususnya dalam dialek Melayu Kedah. Tiga ujian diagnostik seperti ujian penafian, ujian pengekstrakan argumen dan ujian intonasi memperlihatkan perbezaan antara kata kerja bersiri yang berbeza tingkah lakunya berbanding dengan kata kerja dalam ayat sematan
Kata kunci: proses, klausa, nahu fungsional, wacana, lakuan, minda, keadaan, kewujuda
Pelaburan Wang Zakat oleh Institusi Zakat menurut Pandangan Islam
No full textThe objective of this study is to examine the concept of investment of zakat money, which is permitted in Islam based on the teachings of the scholars. Data for the study were obtained from content analysis of the injunctions related to investment of zakat money. The result of the study shows that only the surplus amount of zakat money of the current year, that cannot be distributed, can be invested. Scholars have different views as regards to such investment. Some of the views support investing zakat money whereas, other are against such investment. Nevertheless, those who permit investment of zakat money have provided certain guidelines to be followed in order to protect the recipients' interest, due to risks involved in investment or management vulnerability.
Keywords: zakat, zakat funds investment, zakat foundationMakalah ini bertujuan mengkaji konsep pelaburan zakat yang dibenarkan oleh Islam bersandarkan hujah ulama mengenainya. Maklumat daripada kajian ini diperoleh melalui analisis kandungan berkaitan hukum pelaburan wang zakat. Hasil daripada kajian ini didapati berlaku aktiviti pelaburan daripada lebihan wang zakat yang tidak dapat dihabiskan dalam agihan tahun semasa. Para ulama mempunyai pandangan yang pro dan kontra dalam masalah pelaburan wang zakat. Walau bagaimanapun, golongan yang membenarkannya telah menetapkan beberapa garis panduan yang perlu dipatuhi agar kepentingan asnaf zakat tidak terpinggir dengan sebab risiko pelaburan atau kelemahan pihak pengurusan.
Kata kunci: zakat, pelaburan wang zakat, institusi zaka