Jurnal Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
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Sumbangan Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas dalam Pengajian Dunia Melayu: Suatu Penilaian
No full textProfessor Dr. Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas is one of the most prominent, multifaceted and creative Muslim thinkers in contemporary times who embodies the multi-disciplinary mastery and unity, personal integrity and courage of the Islamic religious-intellectual ideals which were genuinely represented by numerous Muslim scholars, sages and saints of the past, especially Abū Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazālī (d.505/1111). His contributions to scholarly works especially Malay World Studies are manifold. To date, he has written more than 24 books and monographs in English and Malay, many of which have been translated into other languages such as Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Urdu, Malayalam, Indonesian, German, Russian, Bosnian, Japanese, Hindi and Korean. Among his publications: Rangkaian Ruba'iyyat, Some Aspects of Sufism as Understood and Practiced among the Malays, Raniri and the Wujudiyyah of 17th Century Acheh, The Mysticism of Hamzah Fansuri, A Comment on the Hujjatu'l Siddiq of Nur al-Din al-Raniri.This paper attempts to explore his contributions to Malay World Studies with a specific reference to his influence in shaping the development of Malay Studies in Malaysia and Southeast Asia.
Keywords: Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas, Malay World studies, Islamic scholar, IslamizationProfesor Dr. Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas merupakan salah seorang pemikir Islam yang terkenal, mempunyai kepelbagaian kepakaran, kreatif, menguasai pelbagai disiplin ilmu, berkeperibadian yang berintegriti dan berkewibawaan seperti sarjana pemikir Islam yang terdahulu terutama Abū Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazālī (d.505/1111). Pelbagai sumbangan telah dicurahkan oleh beliau dalam kerja ilmiah terutamanya pengajian dunia Melayu. Sehingga kini, beliau telah menulis lebih daripada 24 buah buku dan monograf dalam Bahasa Melayu, dan banyak yang telah diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa lain, seperti Bahasa Arab, Parsi, Turki, Urdu, Malayalam, Indonesia, Jerman, Russia, Bosnia, Jepun, Hindi dan Korea. Antara penerbitan beliau: Rangkaian Ruba'iyyat, Some Aspects of Sufism as Understood and Practiced among the Malays, Raniri and the Wujudiyyah of 17th Century Acheh, The Mysticism of Hamzah Fansuri, A Comment on the Hujjatu'l Siddiq of Nur al-Din al-Raniri. Penulisan kali ini akan membincangkan sumbangan beliau terhadap pengajian dunia Melayu dengan mengambil kira pengaruh kewibawaan beliau dalam membentuk pengajian dunia Melayu di Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara.
Kata kunci: Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas, pengajian Dunia Melayu, cendikiawan Islam, Islamisas
Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan oleh Syeikh Muhammad Sa'id: Suatu Bacaan Intertekstual
No full textSheikh Muhammad Sa'id ibn Umar's Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan is the second Qur'anic interpretation produced in the Malay language, written in the 19th century CE after Tarjuman al-Mustafid. The main objective of this study is to identify the extent of the influence of the external sources in Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan. The method employed to analyse Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan is that of intertextuality, as developed by Mikhail Bakhtin and as described, developed and analysed by Julia Kristeva. In terms of the research methodology, this study was done using library research and field work with a subjective approach that is both descriptive and qualitative. The study finds that eleven texts influenced Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan: Tafsir al-Jalalyn, Tafsir al-Jamal, Tafsir al-Baydawi, Tafsir al-Khazin, Tafsir al-Baghawi, Tafsir al-Tabari, Tafsir al-Qurtubi, Tafsir al-Razi, Tafsir al-Nasafi, Tafsir Ibn Kathir, and Tafsir al-Tha'labi. The findings of this analysis also show that Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan is mostly influenced by Tafsir al-Jalalyn. The most frequent application of the intertextual method is a parallel reading.
Keywords: dialogism, history, Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan, intertextual reading, intertextual principlesTafsir Nur al-Ihsan merupakan tafsir kedua selepas Tarjuman al-Mustafid yang ditulis dalam bahasa Melayu pada abad ke-19 Masihi oleh Syeikh Muhammad Sa'id bin Umar. Tujuan utama kajian ini dilakukan adalah untuk mengesan dan memperlihatkan pengaruh sumber teks luar yang terdapat dalam teks Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan. Proses menganalisis Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan menggunakan kaedah bacaan intertekstual yang diasaskan oleh Mikhail Bakhtin dan dikembangkan huraian dan penganalisisannya oleh Julia Krestiva. Dari sudut metodologi penyelidikan, kajian ini berbentuk kajian kepustakaan dan juga lapangan yang menggunakan pendekatan subjektif bagi melihat data secara deskriptif dan kualitatif. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat sebelas buah karya yang telah mempengaruhi intipati teks Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan, iaitu Tafsir al-Jalalyn, Tafsir al-Jamal, Tafsir al-Baydawi, Tafsir al-Khazin, Tafsir al-Baghawi, Tafsir al-Tabari, Tafsir al-Qurtubi, Tafsir al-Razi, Tafsir al-Nasafi, Tafsir Ibn Kathir, dan Tafsir al-Tha'labi. Dapatan analisis juga membuktikan bahawa karya yang mendominasi Teks Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan ialah Tafsir al-Jalalyn, manakala prinsip kaedah bacaan intertekstual yang paling kerap teraplikasi ialah kaedah paralel.
Kata kunci: dialogisme, sejarah, Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan, bacaan intertekstual, prinsip intertekstua
Arena Wati as a Ship Captain: A Textual Analysis of Memoir Arena Wati Enda Gulingku
No full textArena Wati (1925-2009), is well-known by the Award of Malaysian National Laureate, which he received in 1988 for his outstanding contributions to the development of Malay literature. However he was also the captain of a sailing ship. His familial origins as sailors of Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia have greatly influenced his writings. This article is a scrutiny of a work by Arena Wati in his capacity as a ship captain in relation to two functions, namely "as a trader" and "as a navigator". The approach to the text is through a qualitative content analysis, that is, interpretation and evaluation of messages associated with the text under study, namely, Arena Wati's memoir entitled Memoir Arena Wati Enda Gulingku (1991). Based on his successful implementation of both the functions mentioned, the analysis reveals that Arena Wati is an accomplished navigator. His knowledge of the maritime trade and the navigation he practiced establishes that Arena Wati's greatness as a ship captain is equal to his greatness as a fiction writer.
Keywords: ship captain, sailor, trader, maritime, navigato
The Relation between Creativity, Identity and Political Expression in the Writings of Gabriel Garcia Marquez and Shahnon Ahmad
No full textThe presence of political elements within literary works is often seen as something provocative. Through a framework proposed by C. R. Rogers in his essay entitled "Towards a Theory of Creativity", this article will demonstrate the close link between an author, his creativity and the political theme in the creation of his literary works. This framework enables the author's personal attributes and personality to be linked to the political elements featured in his works. The creativity of a political novelist is found to be dependent on his surroundings, experience and political awareness. In relation to this, two authors of political novels are highlighted in this research. They are Shahnon Ahmad (Malaysia) who produced Tunggul-Tunggul Gerigis and Gabriel Garcia Marquez (Latin America) famed for his work One Hundred Years of Solitude. It is discovered through this research that the two political novelists did not write in a vacuum. The presence of political subjects specifically mentioned in their works clearly originates from their real-life surroundings which have consolidated into their identity, personality and authorship as political writers. In other words, politics is the authors' flesh and blood and this allows political subjects to be crafted and expressed in their creative works. Hence an author without a varied background in politics will never be able to create or produce effective political works or novels.
Keyword: political novel, creativity, myths, authorship, comparative literatur
The Secession of Singapore from Malaysia: a Historical Interpretation of the Novel Satu Bumi
No full textHistory has often become the inspiration for writers, as it has for Isa Kamari in the case of his novel Satu Bumi (One Earth) (1998). What were the historical sources for this author, and how were they employed in his fiction? What was the author's aim in fictonalizing these historical sources? These are the questions that receive attention in this paper. Using a historical approach and textual analysis, the historical facts found in the novel Satu Bumi and the author's aims behind fictionalizing them are examined in this study. The study finds that the novel Satu Bumi is based on the history of Malaysia and Singapore, and fictionalizes the historical events using elements of romance and drama. However, even in this romantic and dramatic setting, the historical elements used do not merely serve to record the history of Malaysia and Singapore but are also employed to predict the future of Malay community in Singapore, which is in an alarming state due to the island state's physical development and a political situation that could be deemed racist, apart from the attitude of the Malay community itself.
Keywords: history, historical fiction, Malays, Singapore, Malaysi
The Person and Religious Poetry in Malay
No full textAccepting that there is a close connection between religion and poetry, the paper focuses on the person that is presented in poetry in Malay in response to the Divine. The concept of "the person" used contains three elements: (a) the human identity - our common physiological and psychological qualities; (b) the social identity - arising from our membership in the various groups that make up our particular society; and, (c) the self - the unique personal sense of who I am. It argues that the person in Malay religious poetry is largely a "social identity" the self surrendered to God through membership in the Muslim community.
Keywords: religious poetry, person, human identity, social identity, the individual sel
Ungkapan Implisit dalam Berita Bola Sepak Piala Dunia 2014: Analisis Pragmatik
No full textThis research explores the implicit meaning of the sports news of the 2014 FIFA World Cup Championship as published on websites. Data taken from inserted sentences in online news is analysed to reveal the intended meanings in light of the relevance theory developed by Sperber and Wilson (1986), which emphasizes the concept of context, context effects and processing effort. The study found that many events can be made known through an implicit expression after pragmatic interpretation. The implicit expressions in sports news also do not pose a problem for the reader to obtain the intended meaning which is rich in contextual information.
Keywords: implicit expression, FIFA World Cup 2014, pragmatics, relevance theoryKajian ini menerokai makna implisit dalam berita sukan dalam temasya Bola Sepak Piala Dunia 2014 yang disiarkan melalui laman sesawang. Data kajian diambil daripada sisipan ayat dalam berita dalam talian. Data ini kemudiannya dianalisis berdasarkan teori relevans yang digagaskan oleh Sperber dan Wilson (1986) yang memberikan penekanan kepada konsep konteks, kesan konteks dan usaha memproses. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa pelbagai peristiwa diperlihatkan melalui ungkapan implisit yang telah ditafsir secara pragmatik. Penggunaan ungkapan implisit dalam berita sukan tersebut juga tidak mendatangkan masalah kepada pembaca untuk memahami maknanya yang sebenar kerana ungkapan tersebut kaya dengan maklumat konteks.
Kata kunci: ungkapan implisit, bola sepak, Piala Dunia FIFA 2014, pragmatik, teori relevan
Deiksis Reruang dalam Dialek Kedah
No full textThis article aims to examine space deixis or place deixis in the Kedah dialect, giving focus to the research area of Kampung Kubang Lintah, in the sub-district of Lepai and Kota Setar District (DKKS). Space deixis is concerned with the specification of location in space relative to that of the participants at coding time in a speech event (Huang 2007:149). This research was conducted using recorded conversations among family members, i.e. between mother and child, and between siblings. In order to express spatial relationships between the entity to be located (referent) and the landmark, this article will employ the frames of reference proposed by Huang (2007). There are three linguistic frames of reference namely (i) intrinsic, (ii) relative, and (iii) absolute. This article reveals that DKKS contains various deictic elements in expressing the relationship between the referent and the place to be referred. Spatial relationships are also relative, based on the relationship between a viewpoint (location), referent (object) and landmark (ground). The descriptive analysis of space deixis will highlight the use of deixis in Malay dialects, particularly in the Kedah dialect, as exemplified by the participants from DKKS.
Keywords: deixis, space deixis, Kedah dialect, frames of reference, participant deixisMakalah ini bertujuan meneliti elemen deiksis reruang atau deiksis tempat dalam dialek Kedah dengan memberikan fokus kepada kawasan kajian di Kampung Kubang Lintah, Mukim Lepai, Daerah Kota Setar (DKKS). Deiksis reruang menekankan aspek tempat atau lokasi yang wujud secara relatif dalam ruang peserta deiksis dalam peristiwa tutur (Huang, 2007). Kajian ini menggunakan rakaman perbualan kekeluargaan antara ibu, anak dan adik-beradik. Untuk mengungkapkan hubungan reruang antara entiti yang ditempatkan (benda yang dirujuk) dengan tanda tempat, makalah ini akan menggunakan kerangka rujukan (frames of reference) oleh Huang (2007) yang melibatkan tiga rangka linguistik bagi rujukan, iaitu (i) intrinsik; (ii) relatif; dan (iii) absolut. Makalah ini mendapati DKKS mempunyai kepelbagaian elemen deiktik dalam mengungkapkan hubungan reruang antara entiti yang dirujuk dengan tempat yang menjadi rujukan. Hubungan reruang juga bersifat relatif, iaitu berasaskan hubungan sudut pandang (lokasi), benda (entiti) dan tanda tempat (kedudukan). Analisis deskriptif deiksis reruang dapat menyerlahkan sistem penggunaan deiksis dalam dialek Melayu terutamanya dalam dialek Kedah secara eksklusif dan tersendiri sebagaimana yang dipamerkan oleh peserta deiksis DKKS.
Kata kunci: deiksis, deiksis reruang, dialek kedah, kerangka rujukan, peserta deiksi
Perintah Khidmat Masyarakat Sebagai Hukuman Alternatif di Mahkamah Syariah Malaysia
No full textThe punishment for the offence of shariah crime in Malaysia nowadays is still based on three years of imprisonment, penalty of RM5000 and six times of whipping. Those maximum punishments are always been questioned due to its ineffectiveness in giving positive impacts either to the offenders or society. In encountering such situation, the alternative punishments may be enforced by the shariah court so that the objective of the punishment could be achieved. Therefore, there is suggestion that want to materialize the punishment based on community service order, as one of the alternative punishment in the shariah court. In relation to that, this article aims to view the extent of the implementation of the community service order in the shariah law framework by looking at the current prospect in implementing the punishments. After reviewing the need of the punishment, the research discovers that the community service order has great prospect to be enforced at the shariah court, through the existing provisions. This research is important because it portrays that the community service order has a potential to be implemented as one kind of the best alternative punishment at the shariah court of Malaysia.
Keywords: community service order, alternative sentence, provisions of the law, shariah court in MalaysiaHukuman kesalahan jenayah syariah di Malaysia pada hari ini masih tertakluk pada tiga tahun penjara, RM5000 denda dan enam kali sebatan. Peruntukan maksimum hukuman tersebut sering kali dipersoalkan kerana dilihat gagal memberikan impak positif sama ada kepada pesalah mahupun kepada masyarakat. Dalam menghadapi situasi ini, hukuman alternatif mungkin dapat dilaksanakan oleh pihak mahkamah syariah agar objektif hukuman tercapai. Oleh yang demikian, terdapat cadangan yang mahu melihat perintah khidmat masyarakat sebagai salah satu bentuk hukuman alternatif di mahkamah syariah. Sehubungan itu, makalah ini bertujuan melihat sejauh mana perintah khidmat masyarakat dapat dilaksanakan dalam kerangka perundangan syariah dengan melihat prospek yang ada bagi tujuan pelaksanaan hukuman ini. Setelah menilai keperluan pelaksanaan perintah ini, kajian ini mendapati bahawa hukuman perintah khidmat masyarakat mempunyai prospek yang cerah untuk dilaksanakan di mahkamah syariah melalui ruang peruntukan yang sedia ada. Perintah khidmat masyarakat berpotensi dilaksanakan sebagai hukuman alternatif terbaik di mahkamah syariah Malaysia.
Kata kunci: perintah khidmat masyarakat, hukuman alternatif, peruntukan undang-undang, mahkamah syaria
Kebebasan Beragama: Gambaran Malaysia
No full textThis article will be discussing previous literature on the status of religious freedom concerning the right to change religion enshrined in the Malaysian Constitution. Our aim is to understand the flow of the various opinions on the issue of religious freedom in Malaysia. From the discussions, hopefully we will be able to form an appropriate understanding for Malaysian community with regard to freedom to change religion in the spirit of the Federal Constitution.
Keywords: freedom of religion, the right to change religion, Federal ConstitutionMakalah ini bertujuan membincangkan penulisan terdahulu mengenai kedudukan prinsip kebebasan beragama berkaitan hak untuk menukar agama yang termaktub dalam Perlembagaan Malaysia. Tujuan perbincangan adalah untuk memahami aliran pendapat pelbagai pihak dalam isu berkenaan kebebasan beragama di Malaysia. Lanjutan daripada itu kemungkinan dapat dihuraikan dalam bentuk pemahaman yang sesuai bagi masyarakat Malaysia selaras dengan semangat Perlembagaan Persekutuan.
Kata Kunci: kebebasan beragama, hak tukar agama, Perlembagaan Persekutua