Czasopisma Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
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Cebula siedmiolatka (Allium fistulosum L.) - aromatyczna roślina warzywna o znaczeniu żywieniowym, dietetycznym i terapeutycznym
Full text linkOnion vegetables – various species of the genus Allium, f. Alliaceae are distinguished by their high biological value. Their useful parts provide the body with few calories, but significant amounts of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and dietary fiber. The genus Allium includes many species of vegetable plants with a characteristic spicy, piquant taste, usually eaten raw. One of them is the Welsh onion (A. fistulosum L.), whose mild onion flavor and the presence of bioactive substances make it a valuable addition to various dishes. The Welsh onion also has a rich history in traditional medicine and diets. The nutraceutical and therapeutic value of Welsh onion is causing an increasing research and consumer interest in this vegetable. This review presents the most important information about the species A. fistulosum L.: origin, biology, culinary, nutritional and therapeutic importance, emphasizing the health benefits of consuming diets with this aromatic vegetable plant.Warzywa cebulowe – różne gatunki z rodzaju Allium, f. Alliaceae, wyróżnia wysoka wartość biologiczna. Ich części użytkowe dostarczają organizmowi mało kalorii, ale znaczne ilości witamin, minerałów, przeciwutleniaczy i błonnika pokarmowego. Rodzaj Allium obejmuje wiele gatunków roślin warzywnych o charakterystycznym ostrym, pikantnym smaku, zwykle spożywanych na surowo. Jednym z nich jest cebula siedmiolatka (A. fistulosum L.), której łagodny cebulowy smak i obecność substancji bioaktywnych sprawiają, że jest wartościowym dodatkiem do różnych potraw. Siedmiolatka ma także bogatą historię w tradycyjnej medycynie i dietach. Wartość nutraceutyczna i terapeutyczna siedmiolatki sprawiają, że zwiększa się zainteresowanie badawcze, a także konsumenckie tym warzywem. W niniejszym przeglądzie przedstawiono najważniejsze informacje o gatunku A. fistulosum L.: pochodzenie, biologia, znaczenie kulinarne, odżywcze i terapeutyczne, podkreślając korzyści zdrowotne wynikające ze spożywania diet z tą aromatyczną rośliną warzywną
Callus induction and establishment of efficient regeneration system for a newly developed line of Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill
Full text linkIn vitro culture method is developed for propagation of a new line of Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill selected from a spontaneous mutant of cultivar Yellow Mauritius. The stem with leaves base obtained from sucker buds was selected as explants. The effects of type and concentration of different plant growth regulators on callus induction, adventitious bud formation and plant regeneration were investigated by the single factor, complete combination and L9 (34) orthogonal experiment. A large number of adventitious buds differentiated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 4.0 mg·L–1 6-BA, 1.0 mg·L–1 NAA and 1.0 mg·L–1 KT, reaching differentiation coefficient over 12.8. Browning of callus after 2–3 subcultures was eliminated by the application of 1.0 g·L–1 of activated carbon in the optimal medium, which didn’t significantly reduce differentiation coefficient. The main shoots in adventitious buds were higher in number and stronger suitable for rooting in culture. Hundred percent rooting in vitro was achieved on half-strength MS medium with 1.0 mg·L–1 NAA. The survival rate of the tissue culture-raised plants was 100%. The methods developed and defined can be used not only for improved the yield of in vitro plants, but also for shortening the whole culture cycle
Effects of bacterial and fungal bio-fertilizers on yield and quality of soilless-grown cluster tomato
Full text linkThis study evaluated the effects of bacterial (Arthrobacter globiformis, Streptomyces griseus) and fungal (Aspergillus oryzae) preparations on the growth, yield, and fruit quality of cluster tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Cletego F1) grown in cocopeat substrate under greenhouse conditions. Treatments significantly improved plant growth, cluster number, and yield compared with the control, with Streptomyces griseus producing the highest yield (58.6 t da–¹) and superior fruit quality (SSC = 4.85%, acidity = 0.28 g citric acid 100 mL⁻¹). The control recorded the highest vitamin C content. The study concludes that microbial inoculation enhances yield and quality in soilless tomato cultivation, supporting eco-friendly and sustainable production systems
Development of an artificial intellegence based performans analysis system using image processing techniques in tennis players
No full textTenis Sporcularında Görüntü İşleme Teknikleri Kullanılarak Yapay Zekâ Tabanlı Performans Analiz Sistemi Geliştirilmesi Amaç: Bu çalışma, tenis oynayan sporcuların teknik performanslarının nesnel biçimde değerlendirilmesini sağlamak amacıyla yapay zekâ destekli görüntü işleme yöntemlerini esas alan bir değerlendirme sistemi geliştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu sistem, görüntü işleme tekniklerinden biri olan pose estimation yaklaşımı ile tenis hareketlerini detaylı biçimde analiz etmeyi; aynı zamanda ITN testi gibi objektif saha değerlendirmeleri ile elde edilen bulguları birleştirerek sistemin geçerliliğini ve güvenilirliğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya katılım koşullarını sağlayan 15 sporcu dâhil olmuştur. Araştırma, nicel ve deneysel bir yöntemle yürütülmüştür. Bunun için, tenis oynayan sporcuların çeşitli açılardan çekilmiş video görüntüleri toplanmış ve bu kayıtlar, yapay zekâ destekli derin öğrenme modelleri aracılığıyla analiz edildi. Özellikle YOLOv8-Pose adlı güncel bir model tercih edildi. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamında geliştirilen bilgisayarla görüş tabanlı poz tahmini sistemi, tenis sporcularının hareket dinamiklerini analiz etmek amacıyla kullanılmış ve elde edilen sonuçlar, modelin hem teknik doğruluğunu hem de uygulama potansiyelini ortaya koymuştur. Sistem, performans metrikleri ve biyomekanik değerlendirmeler açısından tatmin edici sonuçlar üretmiş; sporcuların teknik davranışlarının nesnel verilerle analizine önemli katkı sağladı. Elde edilen mAP@50 (0,941) ve mAP@50–95 (0,772) değerleri, modelin basit ve karmaşık pozisyonları yüksek doğrulukla tespit edebildiğini göstermektedir. Ortalama precision (0,867) ve recall (0,884) skorları ise modelin hem yanlış pozitif tahminleri azalttığını hem de gerçek pozları başarıyla yakaladığını ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, YOLOv8-Pose modelinin tenis sporcularının hareket dinamiklerini analiz etmede hem teknik doğruluk hem de uygulama pratikliği açısından güçlü bir araç olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Model, karmaşık vuruş desenlerini yüksek hassasiyetle tanımlayabilmiş, özellikle mAP, precision ve recall değerleri bakımından başarılı bir performans sergiledi.Development of an AI-Based Performance Analysis System for Tennis Athletes Using Image Processing Techniques Aim: This study aims to develop an evaluation system based on artificial intelligence-supported image processing methods to ensure the objective assessment of the technical performance of tennis players. This system aims to analyze tennis movements in detail using the pose estimation approach, which is one of the image processing techniques; at the same time, it seeks to demonstrate the validity and reliability of the system by combining the findings obtained from objective field assessments such as the ITN test. Material and Method: Fifteen athletes who met the participation criteria were included in the study. The research was conducted using a quantitative and experimental method. For this purpose, video footage of tennis players taken from various angles was collected, and these recordings were analyzed through AI-supported deep learning models. Especially the current model named YOLOv8-Pose was preferred. Result: The computer vision-based pose estimation system was developed as part of the research was used to analyze the movement dynamics of tennis players, and the results obtained demonstrated both the technical accuracy and application potential of the model. The system produced satisfactory results in terms of performance metrics and biomechanical evaluations, contributing significantly to the objective analysis of athletes' technical behaviors. The obtained mAP@50 (0,941) and mAP@50–95 (0,772) values demonstrate that the model can detect both simple and complex positions with high accuracy. The average precision (0,867) and recall (0,884) scores reveal that the model both reduces false positive predictions and successfully captures real poses. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that the YOLOv8-Pose model is a powerful tool for analyzing the movement dynamics of tennis players, both in terms of technical accuracy and practical application. The model has been able to identify complex stroke patterns with high precision, particularly demonstrating successful performance in terms of mAP, precision, and recall values
Tanburi Necdet Yaşar with his life, artistic personality and works
No full textBu araştırmada, 20. yüzyıl Klasik Türk müziğinin önde gelen temsilcilerinden biri olan Tanburi Necdet Yaşar'ın müzik hayatı, sanat anlayışı, saz icrası ve besteciliği çok yönlü olarak incelenmiştir. Tanbur sazıyla özdeşleşmiş bir sanatkâr olan Yaşar'ın müzikal kimliği yalnızca virtüöz düzeyindeki icra becerileriyle değil; aynı zamanda geleneksel repertuarı çağdaş yorum gücüyle buluşturabilen sentezci yaklaşımıyla şekillenmiştir. Araştırmanın temel amacı, Necdet Yaşar'ın Klasik Türk müziğine sunduğu katkıların hem bireysel hem kurumsal boyutlarıyla tespit edilmesi ve bu katkıların günümüz müzik pratiğine etkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel analiz ve içerik analizi teknikleri kullanılmış; literatür taraması, arşiv belgeleri ve uzman görüşmelerinden elde edilen veriler sistematik biçimde çözümlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Yaşar'ın klasik repertuvar içindeki konumu, bestecilik tarzı, icra teknikleri ve sanatsal üretim süreci kapsamlı biçimde ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular, Tanburi Necdet Yaşar'ın Klasik Türk müziği içerisinde yalnızca icracı kimliğiyle değil, aynı zamanda eğitimci, bestekâr ve kültürel elçi kimlikleriyle de çok yönlü ve kalıcı katkılar sunduğunu göstermiştir. Yaşar'ın saz semaisi formunda bestelediği eserlerde makamsal sadakat ve melodik yaratıcılığı ustalıkla bir araya getirdiği; tanbur icrasında ise teknik derinlik ve estetik dengeyi ön planda tuttuğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, yurt içi ve yurt dışındaki akademik ve sanatsal çevrelerce saygı gören bir figür olarak, Türk müziğinin uluslararası düzeyde temsilinde etkili bir rol oynadığı anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Tanburi Necdet Yaşar'ın müzikal mirasını kapsamlı biçimde ortaya koymakla kalmamakta; aynı zamanda onun temsil ettiği klasik tavır ile çağdaş yaklaşımın sentezini akademik bir düzlemde belgelemektedir. Araştırma sonucunda ulaşılan bilgiler, hem müzikoloji literatürüne katkı sunmakta hem de geleneksel müzik mirasının gelecek kuşaklara aktarımında önemli bir kaynak niteliği taşımaktadır.This thesis offers a comprehensive examination of Tanburi Necdet Yaşar—one of the foremost figures in 20th-century Classical Turkish Music—by exploring his musical life, artistic personality, instrumental mastery, and compositional contributions. Recognized as a virtuoso intimately associated with the tanbur, Yaşar's musical identity is shaped not only by his technical proficiency but also by his ability to blend traditional repertoire with a contemporary interpretive approach. The primary aim of the study is to assess Necdet Yaşar's multifaceted contributions to Classical Turkish Music from both individual and institutional perspectives, and to evaluate the impact of these contributions on contemporary musical practice. The research employs qualitative methods, particularly descriptive and content analysis techniques. Data were gathered through extensive literature reviews, archival documents, and expert interviews. Within this framework, Yaşar's position in the classical repertoire, his compositional style, performance techniques, and artistic production process are examined in depth. Findings reveal that Necdet Yaşar contributed to Turkish music not only as a performer but also as an educator, composer, and cultural ambassador. His compositions—particularly in the form of saz semaisi—demonstrate a delicate balance between makam-based integrity and melodic creativity. His tanbur performances reflect a meticulous balance between technical mastery and aesthetic sensitivity. Moreover, his recognition and appreciation in both national and international music and academic circles underscore his influential role in the global representation of Turkish music. This study not only documents Yaşar's musical legacy but also serves as an academic resource that illustrates the synthesis of classical tradition and modern interpretation he embodied. The findings of the research contribute meaningfully to the field of musicology and support the preservation and transmission of Turkey's rich musical heritage to future generations
Chronic inflation, indexation mechanism and determinants of inflation; Example of Türkiye (2001-2022)
No full textEnflasyon olgusu bir ülkenin makroekonomik dengelerini olumsuz olarak etkilemektedir. Enflasyonist sürecin uzaması ise artık toplum tarafından alışılmış ve kabul edilmiş bir yapıda ekonomide var olmasına neden olmaktadır. Kronik enflasyonda diğer enflasyon türlerinden farklı olarak geriye dönük endeksleme mekanizması söz konusudur ve diğer enflasyon türlerinden ayıran temel özelliği, enflasyonun kendi kendini beslemesidir. Endeksleme mekanizması kronik enflasyonun düşürülmesi önündeki engellerden bir tanesidir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada Türkiye'de enflasyona neden olan unsurlar literatür çerçevesinde oluşturulmuştur ve bu unsurların enflasyonist süreci uzatmasıyla oluşan endeksleme mekanizmasın enflasyonun düşürülmesinin önünde nasıl engel olduğuna yönelik bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Kronik enflasyonun yaşandığı ekonomilerde ortalama enflasyon "sıfır" enflasyon olarak algılanmakta, üretim ve tüketim kararları bu oran üzerinden verilmektedir. Hane halkları tarafından yapılan bu davranış enflasyonun gelecek dönemde de devam edip kronikleşmesine neden olabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla kronik enflasyonun kontrol altına alınabilmesi için öncelikle endeksleme mekanizmasının kırılması gerekmektedir. Türkiye 2000'li yıllara kadar kronik enflasyon yaşamıştır. 1970'lerin son çeyreğinde yaşanan petrol krizi bu süreci hızlandırmış ve ekonomik dengeler kötüye gitmiştir. Türkiye enflasyonla mücadele edebilmek adına başta 24 Ocak kararları olmak üzere birçok istikrar programı uygulamış, bu politikalarla hem enflasyonu kontrol altına almak hem de dışa dönük politika stratejisiyle birlikte ekonomik dengeleri iyileştirmek istemiştir. Türkiye ekonomisinde özellikle 2000'li yıllara kadar olan süreç siyasi çatışmaların olduğu bir dönem olmuştur. Bu dönemde yaşanan siyasi çalkantılar ekonomiye olumsuz olarak yansımıştır. Dolayısıyla ekonomik istikrar sağlanamamış, ekonomisinde eksik olmayan enflasyon nedeniyle kendi potansiyelinin altında bir büyüme performansı göstermiştir. Çalışmada Türkiye'nin krizlerle mücadele edebilmek için uyguladığı istikrar paketleri incelenmiştir. Enflasyonun belirleyicilerine yer verilip endeksleme mekanizmasının kronik enflasyonun düşürülmesinin önünde nasıl engel olduğu belirtilmiştir. Sonuç olarak TCMB etkinliğinin ve bağımsızlığının endeksleme mekanizması üzerinde belirleyici bir etkisinin olduğu anlaşılmıştır.The phenomenon of inflation negatively affects a country's macroeconomic equilibrium. The prolongation of the inflationary process leads to its normalization and societal acceptance, thereby embedding it structurally within the economy. In the case of chronic inflation, unlike other types, a backward-looking indexation mechanism is present. What fundamentally distinguishes chronic inflation is its self-perpetuating nature. The indexation mechanism constitutes one of the primary barriers to the reduction of chronic inflation. In this regard, the study outlines the factors driving inflation in Türkiye within the framework of the relevant literature and discusses how the indexation mechanism arising from the extended inflationary environmen serves as an impediment to achieving disinflation. In economies experiencing chronic inflation, the average rate of inflation tends to be perceived as "zero" inflation, and production and consumption decisions are made based on this perceived rate. Such behavior by households can contribute to the persistence and entrenchment of inflation, leading it to become chronic. Therefore, in order to bring chronic inflation under control, it is essential to first break the indexation mechanism. Türkiye experienced chronic inflation up until the 2000s. The oil crisis in the last quarter of the 1970s accelerated this process, leading to a deterioration in economic balances. In an effort to combat inflation, Türkiye implemented several stabilization programs, most notably the January 24 Decisions, aiming both to control inflation and to improve economic fundamentals through an outward-oriented policy strategy. The period leading up to the 2000s in the Turkish economy was also marked by political conflict. Political turmoil during this period had adverse effects on the economy. Consequently, economic stability could not be achieved, and due to persistent inflation, the economy underperformed relative to its potential. This study examines the stabilization packages implemented by Türkiye in response to economic crises. It identifies the determinants of inflation and highlights how the indexation mechanism serves as a barrier to reducing chronic inflation. Ultimately, the study finds that the effectiveness and independence of the Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye (CBRT) have a significant impact on the indexation mechanism
Selen w środowisku pracy – zagrożenia, dopuszczalne stężenie, uwarunkowania prawne
Full text linkSelenium (Se) is a key trace element, with recommended daily intake in Poland being 55 µg for adults, 60 µg for pregnant women, and 70 µg for breastfeeding mothers. Its deficiency can lead to weakness, infections, muscle pain, thyroid and nervous system problems, while excess can cause selenosis, symptoms of which include emotional instability, nausea, and hair loss. Organic Se is less toxic than inorganic. Working with Se requires personal protective equipment and compliance with health and safety regulations. the working environment may be a source of threats to humans, it is important that work is performed in a safe manner and in accordance with applicable regulations, both directly relating to Se and its compounds as well as general provisions regarding health and safety, which are regulated by the Regulation of the Minister of Labor and Social Policy of 26 September 1997 on general occupational health and safety regulations. The concentration of Se in the air should not exceed 0.1 mg/m³, with a temporary maximum of 0.3 mg/m³, to ensure workplace safety.Selen (Se) jest kluczowym mikroelementem, którego zalecane dzienne spożycie w Polsce wynosi 55 µg dla osób dorosłych, 60 µg dla kobiet w ciąży i 70 µg dla matek karmiących. Jego niedobór może skutkować osłabieniem, infekcjami, bólami mięśni, problemami z tarczycą i układem nerwowym, a nadmiar prowadzi do selenozy z objawami takimi jak chwiejność emocjonalna, mdłości i utrata włosów. Organiczny Se jest mniej toksyczny niż nieorganiczny. Praca z Se wymaga środków ochrony indywidualnej i przestrzegania przepisów BHP. Ponieważ środowisko pracy może być źródłem zagrożeń dla człowieka ważne jest, aby praca była wykonywana w sposób bezpieczny i zgodny z obowiązującymi przepisami, zarówno dotyczącymi bezpośrednio Se i jego związków, jak i przepisów ogólnych dotyczących BHP, które reguluje Rozporządzenie Ministra Pracy i Polityki Socjalnej z dnia 26 września 1997 r. w sprawie ogólnych przepisów bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy. Aby zapewnić bezpieczeństwo w miejscu pracy, stężenie Se w powietrzu nie powinno przekraczać 0,1 mg/m³, z maksymalnym stężeniem chwilowym 0,3 mg/m³
Wpływ rozwoju zadrzewień śródpolnych na ekspozycję czynną punktów widokowych – studium przypadku krajobrazu rolniczego Roztocza
Full text linkIn the discourse agrocenoses biodiversity lost, the important role of field coppices is indicated as a landscape element that favours the formation of biodiversity. However, each change in the way of land use, both planned and occurring through secondary succession, affects the physiognomic resources of the landscape. Field coppices, as an element of the agricultural landscape, can form harmonious, linear arrangements accompanying multi-ribbon field beds. Still, at the same time, they can create tight viewing curtains limiting the field of active exposure of viewing points. The article examines the influence of field coppices functioning in the landscape on the size and spatial range of the field of active exposure of viewing points. The research is conducted using the example of the Roztocze National Park buffer zone using the geoprocessing method of spatial data. Based on the obtained results, it was found that in the buffer zone of the RPN, the area of mid-field coppice is 10003.6 ha, at the same time, in all four analyzed viewpoints significant changes were noted in the range of the active exposure area (a decrease in the area from 18.3% to 43.2%). The obtained results allow recommendations on how to minimise potential spatial conflicts between the need for biodiversity enhancement and new field coppices introduction landscape scenic resources preservation.W dyskursie o utracie bioróżnorodności agrocenoz, wskazuje się na istotną rolę zadrzewień śródpolnych jako elementu krajobrazu sprzyjającego kształtowaniu różnorodności biologicznej. Każda zmiana sposobu użytkowania terenu, zarówno ta planowana, jak i zachodząca drogą sukcesji wtórnej, wpływa jednak na zasoby fizjonomiczne krajobrazu. Zadrzewienia śródpolne, jako element krajobrazu rolniczego mogą formować harmonijne, liniowe układy, towarzyszące wielowstęgowym rozłogom polnym, ale równocześnie mogą tworzyć szczelne kurtyny widokowe ograniczające pole ekspozycji czynnej punktów widokowych. Celem artykułu jest zbadanie wpływu funkcjonujących w krajobrazie zadrzewień śródpolnych na wielkość i przestrzenny zasięg pola ekspozycji czynnej punktów widokowych. Badania prowadzone były na przykładzie otuliny Roztoczańskiego Parku Narodowego (RPN) metodą geoprzetwarzania danych przestrzennych. Na ich podstawie stwierdzono, że w otulinie RPN powierzchnia zadrzewień śródpolnych wynosi 10 003,6 ha. Równocześnie we wszystkich czterech analizowanych punktach widokowych odnotowano istotne zmiany w zasięgu pola ekspozycji czynnej (spadek pola powierzchni od 43,2% do 18,3%). Wyniki pozwalają wydać rekomendacje do minimalizacji potencjalnych konfliktów przestrzennych między potrzebą wzmacniania bioróżnorodności przez utrzymanie istniejących i wprowadzanie nowych zadrzewień śródpolnych, a zachowaniem zasobów widokowych krajobrazu
Reakcja słonecznika bulwiastego na zmieniające się warunki termiczno-opadowe na Lubelszczyźnie
Full text linkIn the face of ongoing climate change and the increasing frequency of droughts, the identification of crop species tolerant to water stress has become a critical research focus. Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) exhibits a high tolerance to water deficiency, making it a promising species under limited precipitation conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of variable thermal and precipitation conditions on the yield of green biomass of two cultivars – Albik and Rubik. The experiment was conducted in eastern Poland between 2020 and 2022 using a split-split-plot design with three replications. Meteorological conditions were found to significantly affect yield levels. High air temperatures and elevated growing degree days (GDD) negatively influenced biomass production in both cultivars, whereas cooler and drier years resulted in notably higher yields. The highest yields were recorded in 2022, which was the coolest and driest of the three years studied. The results confirm the strong drought tolerance of Jerusalem artichoke and may support the optimization of cultivar selection and planting dates, as well as the modeling of yield potential under real and changing climatic conditions.W obliczu trwających zmian klimatycznych i coraz częstszych susz identyfikacja gatunków uprawnych odpornych na stres wodny stała się krytycznym celem badań. Słonecznik bulwiasty (Helianthus tuberosus L.) wykazuje wysoką tolerancję na niedobór wody, co czyni go obiecującym gatunkiem w warunkach ograniczonych opadów. Celem tego badania była ocena wpływu zmiennych warunków termicznych i opadowych na plon zielonej biomasy dwóch odmian – Albik i Rubik. Eksperyment przeprowadzono we wschodniej Polsce w latach 2020–2022, stosując układ split-split-plot z trzema powtórzeniami. Stwierdzono, że warunki meteorologiczne znacząco wpływają na poziom plonów. Wysokie temperatury powietrza i podwyższony wskaźnik dni wegetacyjnych (GDD) negatywnie wpłynęły na produkcję biomasy w obu odmianach, podczas gdy chłodniejsze i suchsze lata skutkowały zauważalnie wyższymi plonami. Najwyższe plony odnotowano w 2022 r., który był najchłodniejszym i najsuchszym z trzech badanych lat. Wyniki potwierdzają wysoką odporność słonecznika bulwiastego na suszę i mogą pomóc w optymalizacji doboru odmiany i terminu sadzenia, a także w modelowaniu potencjału plonowania w rzeczywistych i zmieniających się warunkach klimatycznych
Marek kucmerka (Sium sisarum L.) – pochodzenie i dawne metody uprawy w Polsce
Full text linkSkirret (Sium sisarum L.) is a perennial plant in the celery family (Apiaceae); its edible parts are roots, which grow in clusters. It is native to Southeastern Europe, Western Asia and Siberia. It likely arrived to Poland from Russia, or through the Tartars. In Poland it was cultivated and enjoyed popularity as early as the Middle Ages, it was served on the tables of kings Jadwiga and Jagiello (14th century), and was also grown in the gardens of king Jan Kazimierz (17th century). However, since the 19th century, its popularity began to decline, although it was still mentioned in some 20th century textbooks. The aim of this study is to collect and analyze information on the cultivation and use of skirret, in Polish horticultural literature. Although the principles of cultivation of this plant are presented in many publications on horticultural plants, these are brief descriptions, not always consistent with one another. Skirret can be grown from sowing, both in autumn and spring, from seedlings, and by plant division. However, there are no clear opinions on the best cultivation method. However, there are also many uncertainties related to the propagation, cultivation, harvesting dates, and storage. The information presented in the article helps to direct further research related to the reintroduction of this once-popular vegetable into cultivation, and, consequently, into our diet.Marek kucmerka (Sium sisarum L.) jest rośliną wieloletnią z rodziny selerowatych (Apiaceae), której częścią użytkową są korzenie spichrzowe zebrane w wiązkę. Występuje on w stanie naturalnym w południowo-wschodniej Europie, Azji Zachodniej i na Syberii. Do Polski trafił prawdopodobnie z Rusi lub za pośrednictwem Tatarów, był tu uprawiany i cieszył się popularnością już w średniowieczu. Gościł na stołach królów Jadwigi i Jagiełły (XIV w.), uprawiano go też w ogrodach króla Jana Kazimierza (XVII w.). Od wieku XIX jego popularność zaczęła spadać, choć wymieniany jest jeszcze w niektórych podręcznikach z początku XX wieku. Celem pracy jest zebranie i analiza informacji z polskiej literatury ogrodniczej dotyczących uprawy i wykorzystania marka kucmerki. Zasady uprawy tej rośliny przedstawiono w wielu publikacjach poświęconych roślinom ogrodniczym, ale najczęściej są to tylko krótkie opisy, nie zawsze ze sobą zgodne. Marek kucmerka może być uprawiany z siewu jesiennego i wiosennego, z rozsady oraz przez podział roślin. Nie ma jednak jednoznacznych opinii na temat najlepszej metody uprawy, rozmnażania, a także terminów zbioru czy przechowywania tej rośliny. Przedstawione w artykule informacje pozwalają na ukierunkowanie dalszych badań związanych z przywróceniem tego kiedyś bardzo cenionego warzywa do uprawy i do naszej diety