Czasopisma Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
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School Principals’ Views on Classroom Inspection
No full textSchool principals were charged with classroom supervision which had been in the supervisors’ area of responsibility by the regulations effectuated in 2014. The aim of this study was to find out the views of school principals on classroom supervision based on the amendment of regulations. The research was conducted by a qualitative design and phenomenological method was used. Study group of the research was school principals working in the districts of Battalgazi and Yeşilyurt in Malatya, Türkiye in the academic year of 2019-2020. The semi-structured interview guide, which was designed by the researchers, was used as the data collection tool after the expert opinions were obtained and corrections were made on it. 15 school principals, who were chosen by convenience sampling, were interviewed. Interviews were recorded based on the approval of participants. Code names were given to all participants as M1, M2, M3, … Qualitative data gathered from the participants during the interviews were analyzed by content analysis. First, the researcher coded the data separately. After that, both the researcher and another field member coded the data synchronically and reached a consensus. New codes were created where divergence appeared. It can be stated that school principals have positive views on being charged with classroom supervision. In fact, school principals state that they are not troubled with their supervision duty on teachers, but supervisors should also take part in the supervision process in order to make the process more effective and active. © 2022, Ozgen Korkmaz. All rights reserved.The study received ethical approval from the Inonu University Ethics Committee, and all participants gave informed consent as a condition of submitting their responses. The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work. There are no relevant financial or non-financial competing interests to report
Evaluation of the frequency, follow-up, and treatment of patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome related to COVID-19
No full textAim: Aim of this study is evaluate the clinical features, laboratory values, treatment and follow-up of in children with COVID-19-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) disease. Materials and Methods: In this study, patients aged between 2 months and 17 years, who applied to the Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics between March 2020, and February 2021 due to MIS-C related to COVID-19 disease, were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic data, clinical features, laboratory values, treatment and follow-up data of the patients were evaluated. Results: Forty-nine patients diagnosed with MIS-C between March 2020 and February 2021 were included in the study. Thirty-one (72.7%) patients were male and 18 (27.3%) were female. The most common indications for admission were fever (100%), abdominal pain (51.6%), vomiting (42.9%), cough (38.8%), diarrhea (28.8%), shortness of breath, rash, conjunctivitis, and convulsion. Levels of CRP (93.9%), D-dimer (85.7%), fibrinogen (73.4%), interleukin 6 (IL6) (73.4%), procalcitonin (71.4%), NT-proBNP (63.2%) remained at high levels in respective number of patients. The (32.6%) patients were followed up in the intensive care unit. These patients had cardiogenic shock (26.5%), severe pneumonia (18.3%), and acute gastroenteritis (14.3%). It was determined that the mean age of the patients followed up for cardiogenic shock was 12.5 years and relatively higher (p<0.05). One patient died during follow-up. Conclusion: Although the manifestations of MIS- C due to COVID -19 are seen relatively rarely in children, it constitutes a serious problem and they mostly require hospitalization in intensive care unit, simultaneously involves many organ systems, and leads a serious course with higher risk of mortality. Another problem in these patients is higher rates of cardiac involvement. For this reason, it is important to take necessary precautions to protect children against COVID 19 and its associated MIS-C, and to include them in vaccination programs
Synthesis of magnetic field sensitive hydrogels and investigation of drug release behaviors
No full textez çalışması kapsamında, yapısında farklı miktarlarda indirgenmiş grafen oksit (rGO) içeren manyetik alana duyarlı poli (NIPAAm-ko-VSA)-rGO/Fe3O4 IPN hidrojel kompozitleri (Ferrojelleri) sentezlenmiştir. Bunun için önce sıcaklığa bağlı olarak büzülebilen poli (NIPAAm-ko-VSA)-rGO IPN hidrojelleri sentezlenmiştir. Daha sonra, hidrojellerin alternatif manyetik alan (AMF) altında ısınma davranışı gösterebilmesi için Fe2+/3+ iyonlarının emdirilip yerinde indirgeme metodu ile Fe3O4 nanopartkülleri içeren ferrojeller sentezlenmiştir. Sentezlenen rGO' nun yapısal karakterizasyonu XRD, EDX ve haritalama 'Mapping' analiz teknikleri kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Poli (NIPAAm-ko-VSA)-rGO/Fe3O4 ferrojellerin yapısal karakterizasyonları FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX, haritalama ve VSM analiz teknikleri kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Sentezlenen ferrojellere doksorubisin (DOX) ilacı çözeltide emdirme metodu ile tutturulmuş ve bunların 1.37, 1.64 ve 1.91 militesla (mT) şiddetlerdeki manyetik alanlar altında zamanla ısınma ve ilaç salım davranışları incelenmiştir. Bunun için ilaç yüklenme kapasiteleri Qkap, herhangi bir zamanda kuru polimer kütlesi başına salınan ilaç miktarı qt (mg DOX/ g polimer), dengede ilaç salım miktarı qd, ilaç salım hızı qv (mg DOX /dk.) ve dengede yüzde ilaç salım değeri Qd karakteristikleri hesaplanmıştır. Ferrojellerin kullanılmasıyla yapılan tüm ilaç salım çalışmaları, sentezlenen manyetik alan ve sıcaklığa duyarlı ferrojellerin, AMF altında ilaç salım davranışlarının, yapıda bulunan rGO ve dolayısıyla Fe3O4 miktarı ile doğrudan ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ferrojeller, Manyetik alanda duyarlı hidrojeller, Kontrollü ilaç salımı, İndüksiyon ısıtmaWithin the scope of the thesis, magnetic field responsive poly (NIPAAm-co-VSA)-rGO/Fe3O4 IPN hydrogel composites (Ferrogels) containing different amounts of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in its structure were synthesized. For this, firstly, poly (NIPAAm-co-VSA)-rGO IPN hydrogels which can be deswelling depending on temperature were synthesized. Then, ferrogels containing Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by the in situ reduction method by impregnating Fe2+/3+ ions in order for the hydrogels to show heating behavior under an alternating magnetic field (AMF). Structural characterizations of synthesized rGO were performed using XRD, EDX and mapping analysis techniques. Structural characterizations of poly (NIPAAm-co-VSA)-rGO/Fe3O4 ferrogels were performed using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX, mapping and VSM analysis techniques. Doxorubicin (DOX) drug was loaded to the synthesized ferrogels by solution impregnation method and their heating and drug release behavior over time under magnetic fields of 1.37, 1.64 and 1.91 millitesla (mT) intensities were investigated. For this, drug loading capacities Qkap, amount of drug released per mass of dry polymer at any time qt (mg DOX/g polymer), amount of drug release at equilibrium qd, rate of drug release qv (mg DOX / min) and percent of drug release at equilibrium Qd characteristics were calculated. In all drug release studies using ferrogels, it has been determined that the drug release behavior of synthesized magnetic field and temperature responsive ferrogels under AMF is directly related to the amount of rGO and thus Fe3O4 in the structure. Keywords: Ferrogels, Magnetic field responsive hydrogels, Controlled drug release, Induction heatin
The magnetic resonance imaging assessment of optic nerve sheath diameter in pediatric acute liver failure patients
No full textOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the di-agnostic value of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) using brain MRI in the pretransplantation period in the pediatric acute liver failure patients, and correlate the ONSD with clinical grade of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and MRI findings. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty acute liver failure patients and 40 control group patients were retrospectively analyzed. The high signal intensities in T2W (T2-weighted image), FLAIR (Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery) and DWI (diffusion-weighted imaging) sequences were evaluated and ONSD were measured. The patients were grouped first into 5 according to their West Haven score, and HE grade 0 and grade 1 were accepted as low grade HE, HE grade 2, 3 and 4 were accepted as high grade HE. The patients were grouped to 2 according to the MRI findings as low grade and high grade MRI group. RESULTS: The mean value of ONSD was 6.0 +/- 1.80 and 4.94 +/- 1.27 in all the patients and in the control group, respectively. There was statistically significant difference between both the ONSD and the low grade-high grade HE groups (p=0.01), and between the ONSD and the low grade-high grade MRI groups (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Although high ONSD values do not make the diagnosis of cerebral edema, it may cause suspicion in the early period. MRI can be helpful in the diagnoses of increased intracranial pressure like ultrasound. Our study is the first study to compare ONSD and MRI findings in addition to HE grades. The widespread use of MRI in children in recent years may help determine the normal range of ONSD values
Wpływ nawozów fosforowych powstałych na bazie osadów ściekowych na plonowanie, skład chemiczny roślin i gleby
Get PDFPhosphorus is an essential but limited in occurrence element of great importance for all living organisms, including plants. The world’s phosphate deposits used for the production of phosphate fertilizers are rapidly depleting, hence this element was placed on the so-called list of critical raw materials. Agriculture and horticulture are highly dependent on the use of phosphate fertilizers to maintain the production of high quality food and feed. The demand for phosphorus as a fertilizer is projected to increase as the world population grows from the current 7.2 billion to 9.6 billion in 2050. Hence, alternative sources of it should be sought. Potential sources of phosphorus are different kinds of waste, e.g. sewage sludge or ashes produced as a result of their combustion. Direct use of sewage sludge in agriculture and its storage is currently being replaced by thermal utilization or recovery of nutrients. Thanks to the use of circular economy, sewage sludge as a potentially hazardous waste, which is also rich in phosphorus, is transformed into a finished product and returned to the environment in the form of fertilizers. The product of phosphorus recovery fromsewage sludge is, among others, struvite, which can be successfully used in agriculture. A priority of EU economic policy is the production of fertilizers in a sustainable manner, which will be met, for example, by the production of struvite. Struvite contains not only phosphorus, but also nitrogen and magnesium in its composition. The amount of phosphorus and magnesium that can be introduced to the soil with struvite is higher than that of typical mineral fertilizers. In turn, the amount of nitrogen is lower than in typical fertilizers (about 5% N) and very low in the case of potassium. Therefore, it is recommended to use struvite in combination with conventional fertilizers for optimal balance of individual macronutrients. Struvite is considered an effective slow-release nutrient fertilizer that can be successfully applied to agricultural, vegetable and ornamental crops. Low salinity index, limited leaching of nutrients and high quality of the fertilizer resulting from low content of heavy metals make struvite an environmentally friendly fertilizer. Struvite as a soil fertiliser does not increase the content of heavy metals in plants and soil. The application of struvite positively affects the yields of many crop species. Preliminary studies on its use in crop production even indicate higher efficacy compared to typical water-soluble phosphorus fertilizers. Therefore, future research on struvite should focus on optimizing the production and use of sludge-based fertilizers for fertilizing various agricultural, horticultural and fruit crops.Fosfor jest niezbędnym, ale i ograniczonym w występowaniu pierwiastkiem o dużym znaczeniu dla wszystkich żywych organizmów, w tym także dla roślin. Światowe złoża fosforytów wykorzystywanych do produkcji nawozów fosforowych ulegają szybkiemu wyczerpaniu, stąd pierwiastek ten został umieszczony na tzw. liście surowców krytycznych. Rolnictwo i ogrodnictwo w dużym stopniu uzależnione jest od wykorzystania nawozów fosforowych w celu utrzymania produkcji żywności oraz pasz o wysokiej jakości. Przewiduje się, że zapotrzebowanie na fosfor jako nawóz wzrośnie wraz ze wzrostem liczby ludności na świecie z obecnych 7,2 mld do 9,6 mld w 2050 r. Stąd należy poszukiwać alternatywnych jego źródeł. Potencjalnym źródłem fosforu są różnego rodzaju odpady m.in. osady ściekowe czy popioły powstające w wyniku ich spalania. Bezpośredniewykorzystanie osadów ściekowych w rolnictwie oraz ich składowanie jest obecnie zastępowane przez termiczną utylizację czy odzysk składników pokarmowych. Dzięki wykorzystaniu gospodarki o charakterze cyrkularnym, osady ściekowe jako potencjalnie niebezpieczne odpady, jednocześnie zasobne w fosfor, zostają przekształcone w gotowy produkt i wracają ponownie do środowiska w postaci nawozów. Produktem odzysku fosforu z osadów ściekowych jest m.in. struwit, który może być z powodzeniem wykorzystany w rolnictwie. Priorytetem polityki gospodarczej UE jest produkcja nawozów w sposób zrównoważony, który zostanie spełniony np. poprzez produkcję struwitu. Struwit w swoim składzie zawiera nie tylko fosfor, ale także azot i magnez. Ilość fosforu i magnezu, jaka może zostać wprowadzona wraz ze struwitem do gleby, jest większa niż w przypadku typowych nawozów mineralnych. Zawartość azotu i potasu w nawozach struwitowych jestniższa w porównaniu z tradycyjnymi nawozami. Dlatego zaleca się stosowanie struwitu w połączeniu z nawozami konwencjonalnymi, dla optymalnego zbilansowania poszczególnych makroskładników. Struwit uważany jest za skuteczny nawóz wolno uwalniający składniki pokarmowe, który z powodzeniem może być aplikowany w uprawie roślin rolniczych, warzywniczych czy ozdobnych.
Niski indeks zasolenia, ograniczone wymywanie składników odżywczych i wysoka jakość nawozu wynikająca z niskiej zawartości metali ciężkich czynią struwit nawozem przyjaznym dla środowiska. Struwit jako nawóz doglebowy nie powoduje zwiększenia zawartości metali ciężkich w roślinach oraz podłożu. Aplikacja struwitu pozytywnie wpływa na plony wielu gatunków roślin uprawnych. Wstępne badania nad jego wykorzystaniem w produkcji roślinnej wskazują nawet na wyższą skuteczność w porównaniu z typowymi nawozami fosforowymi rozpuszczalnymi w wodzie. W związku z tym przyszłe badania nad struwitem powinny koncentrować się m.in. na optymalizacji produkcji i wykorzystania nawozów powstałych na bazie osadów ściekowych w nawożeniu różnych gatunków upraw rolniczych, ogrodniczych czy sadowniczych
Malina właściwa (Rubus idaeus L.) – owocodajna roślina o działaniu prozdrowotnym
Get PDFThe raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is a shrub growing mainly in the temperate zone. Raspberry fruits are distinguished by an excellent aroma and pure ruby color; suitable for consumption and processing. The medicinal raw material used in the pharmaceutical industry is raspberry fruit (Rubi idaei fructus) ripening from July to October and raspberry leaf (Rubi idaei folium), harvested in spring and summer. The raw material is obtained from crops and natural sites. Raspberry fruit contains vitamins, organic acids, anthocyanins, and the leaves are rich in tannins and flavonoids. The raw materials show astringent, antiseptic, antipyretic and digestive system functions.Malina właściwa (Rubus idaeus L.) to krzew rosnący głównie w strefie umiarkowanej. Owoce maliny wyróżniają się doskonałym aromatem i czystą rubinową barwą; nadają się do konsumpcji i przetwórstwa. Surowcem leczniczym wykorzystywanym w przemyśle farmaceutycznym jest owoc maliny (Rubi idaei fructus) dojrzewający od lipca do października oraz liść maliny (Rubi idaei folium), zbierany wiosną i latem. Surowiec pozyskuje się z upraw i ze stanu naturalnego. Owoc maliny zawiera witaminy, kwasy organiczne, antocyjany, a liście są bogate w garbniki i flawonoidy. Surowce wykazują działanie ściągające, antyseptyczne, przeciwgorączkowe i wspomagające pracę układu pokarmowego
Wpływ sposobu przygotowania rozsady na plonowanie papryki ostrej (Capsicum annuum L.)
Get PDFThe hot pepper belongs to plants grown from seedlings prepared in pots. In present experiment we investigated the effect of simplified methods of seedling preparation on the yield of three Polish hot pepper cultivars: Bronowicka Ostra, Orkan, Rokita. Four methods of seedling production were used: conical pot pallets; round pot pallets; single pots with two seedlings; single pots with one seedling. The obtained marketable yield indicated the suitability of conical and round pot pallets for the production of hot pepper seedlings, which provide 50% less substrate use compared to single pots. In view of inadequate yield increase and use of twice as many seeds the preparation seedlings in single pots with two plants is irrational. The method of seedling preparation did not decide on the content of determined chemical components. The assessed cultivars did not differ in the marketable yield fruit. On the other hand, a significant difference was demonstrated between the assessed cultivars in the content of dry matter (%), L-ascorbic acid (mg·100 g–1), total sugars (g·100 g–1) and capsaicin (%) in the fruit.Papryka ostra należy do roślin uprawianych z rozsady przygotowywanej w doniczkach. W przeprowadzonym doświadczeniu prześledzono wpływ uproszczonych sposobów przygotowania rozsady na plonowanie trzech polskich odmian papryki ostrej: Bronowicka Ostra, Orkan, Rokita. Zastosowano cztery sposoby produkcji rozsady: doniczkopalety stożkowe; doniczkopalety okrągłe; doniczki pojedyncze z dwoma siewkami; doniczki pojedyncze z jedną siewką. Uzyskany plon handlowy wskazuje na przydatność doniczkopalet stożkowych i okrągłych do produkcji rozsady papryki, które zapewniają mniejsze o 50% zużycie podłoża w porównaniu z doniczkami pojedynczymi. Nieracjonalne jest przygotowanie rozsady w doniczkach pojedynczych z dwiema roślinami ze względu na nieadekwatną zwyżkę plonu i wykorzystanie dwukrotnie większej liczby nasion. Sposób przygotowania rozsady nie decydował o zawartości oznaczanych składników chemicznych. Oceniane odmiany nie różniły się plonem handlowym owoców. Wykazano natomiast istotne zróżnicowanie między ocenianymi odmianami w zawartości w owocach suchej masy (%), kwasu L-askorbinowego (mg·100 g–1), cukrów ogółem (g·100 g–1), oraz kapsaicyny (%).
 
Podłoże po uprawie grzybów. Właściwości i zastosowanie
Get PDFSpent mushroom substrate (SMS) is a valuable fertilizer that improves soil fertility. The high level of organic matter and biological safety justify the use of the substrate in agricultural and horticultural crops. The SMS has a positive effect on the yield of plants. The development of the SMS in plant production contributes to reducing the amount of unnecessary post-production materials. A limitation of the universal use of SMS to the cultivation is the high variability of the chemical composition. The amount and term of fertilization with the spent mushroom compost to the cultivation should be adjusted to the soil’s nutrient content. This article reviews recent research into the use of SMS in to horticultural production.Podłoże po uprawie grzybów stanowi wartościowy nawóz poprawiający żyzność gleby. Wysoki poziom substancji organicznej i bezpieczeństwo biologiczne uzasadnia zastosowanie podłoża w uprawach rolniczych i ogrodniczych. Podłoże po uprawie grzybów korzystnie wpływa na plonowanie roślin. Zagospodarowanie podłoża w produkcji roślinnej przyczynia się do zmniejszenia ilości zbędnych materiałów poprodukcyjnych. Ograniczeniem szerszego stosowania podłoży po uprawie grzybów jest duża zmienność składu chemicznego. Ilość i termin nawożenia kompostem po uprawie grzybów powinny być dostosowane do zasobności gleby w składniki pokarmowe. W niniejszym artykule dokonano przeglądu ostatnich badań nad wykorzystaniem podłoża po uprawie pieczarki w produkcji ogrodniczej
Weed composition in conventionally and organically grown medical and aromatic plants
Get PDFThis study aimed to compare weed flora in conventionally and organically grown medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs): basil, pot marigold, dill, and peppermint; in terms of weed composition and weed abundance. A total of 28 weed species (25 and 15 species in conventional and organic crops, respectively) were identified.The presence and abundance of certain weed species were affected by MAP species and farming system. Higher weed diversity and weediness, and lower floristic similarity were found in conventionally grown crops. Also, the analysed MAPs differed in weediness by individual weed species. Correspondence analysis pointed to conventional and organic MAPs with the most frequent and most abundant weed species. Setaria pumila and Portulaca oleracea were the most frequent species in conventional; and Amaranthus retroflexus, Datura stramonium, and Sorghum halepense in organic crops. In both conventional and organic farming systems, therophytes were the most dominant life forms indicating a strong anthropogenic influence. The results should contribute to establishing weed control measures that are adequate for the two farming systems.This study aimed to compare weed flora in conventionally and organically grown medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs): basil, pot marigold, dill, and peppermint; in terms of weed composition and weed abundance. A total of 28 weed species (25 and 15 species in conventional and organic crops, respectively) were identified.The presence and abundance of certain weed species were affected by MAP species and farming system. Higher weed diversity and weediness, and lower floristic similarity were found in conventionally grown crops. Also, the analysed MAPs differed in weediness by individual weed species. Correspondence analysis pointed to conventional and organic MAPs with the most frequent and most abundant weed species. Setaria pumila and Portulaca oleracea were the most frequent species in conventional; and Amaranthus retroflexus, Datura stramonium, and Sorghum halepense in organic crops. In both conventional and organic farming systems, therophytes were the most dominant life forms indicating a strong anthropogenic influence. The results should contribute to establishing weed control measures that are adequate for the two farming systems
The effect of cover crops on soil moisture in ploughless and traditional tillage in the cultivation of carrot
Get PDFIn a view of the predicted drought that has appeared in recent years and water shortage in the growing season, which is getting worse every year, the problem of water retention in the soil and increasing its humidity becomes of exceptional importance. The field experiment was carried out in 2009–2012 on grey brown podzolic soil developed from loess formations covering the cretaceous marls with a granulometric composition corresponding to medium dusty loam. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of various species of cover crops and the method and date of mixing their biomass with the soil on the soil moisture in ploughless carrot cultivation. The experimental design included seven cover crop species (spring rye, common oat, common vetch, white mustard, lacy phacelia, buckwheat, fodder sunflower) and six kinds of soil tillage. The effect of cover crops and tillage on soil moisture was modified by the course of the weather and varied depending on the year of research, sampling date and soil layer. In spring, the highest layer of soil (0–20 cm) not cultivated before winter (NTz) accumulated the most water, and the least after pre-winter ploughing (Oz). In the 0–40 cm layer, the lowest humidity was in the soil ploughed before winter (Oz), and the highest after no-till (NTz) and after subsoiling before winter (GLz). The ridge cultivation performed in the spring caused the soil to dry out. In the remaining variants of no-ploughing tillage, soil moisture in the 0–40 cm layer was similar to that of conventional cultivation. Cover crops exerted a significant influence on the soil moisture in carrot cultivation at all test dates, increasing its moisture content compared to cultivation without cover crops. The rye cover crop had particularly favourable effect on the soil moisture.In a view of the predicted drought that has appeared in recent years and water shortage in the growing season, which is getting worse every year, the problem of water retention in the soil and increasing its humidity becomes of exceptional importance. The field experiment was carried out in 2009–2012 on grey brown podzolic soil developed from loess formations covering the cretaceous marls with a granulometric composition corresponding to medium dusty loam. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of various species of cover crops and the method and date of mixing their biomass with the soil on the soil moisture in ploughless carrot cultivation. The experimental design included seven cover crop species (spring rye, common oat, common vetch, white mustard, lacy phacelia, buckwheat, fodder sunflower) and six kinds of soil tillage. The effect of cover crops and tillage on soil moisture was modified by the course of the weather and varied depending on the year of research, sampling date and soil layer. In spring, the highest layer of soil (0–20 cm) not cultivated before winter (NTz) accumulated the most water, and the least after pre-winter ploughing (Oz). In the 0–40 cm layer, the lowest humidity was in the soil ploughed before winter (Oz), and the highest after no-till (NTz) and after subsoiling before winter (GLz). The ridge cultivation performed in the spring caused the soil to dry out. In the remaining variants of no-ploughing tillage, soil moisture in the 0–40 cm layer was similar to that of conventional cultivation. Cover crops exerted a significant influence on the soil moisture in carrot cultivation at all test dates, increasing its moisture content compared to cultivation without cover crops. The rye cover crop had particularly favourable effect on the soil moisture