Czasopisma Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
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Moderator Effect of Chronic Disease on the Relationship Between Marriage Adjustment and Satisfaction in Married Couples
No full textObjective: The purpose of our study is to show how the relationship between marital adjustment and satisfaction will change in cases of chronic disease in either or both spouses of married couples using a multivariate statistical analysis method. Methods: Marriage adjustment ve marriage satisfaction scales were used. A structural equation modeling - multiple group analysis method was used in the study, which was designed as a relational screening model. Results: In the study, which included 898 participants, 56.6% of the participants were female and 43.4% were male. The mean age of the participants was 36.94 +/- 8.72 standard deviations. First, the relationship between marital adjustment and satisfaction was analyzed using structural equation modeling, and the relationship between the scales was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). In the model, which was significant and sufficient, the variable of chronic disease was coded on the arrow representing the regression coefficient between the scales, and multiple group analysis was applied. The relationship between marital adjustment and satisfaction was found to be weak among individuals with chronic diseases. The rate of marriage satisfaction explaining marriage adjustment was lower in individuals without chronic disease (R-2= 0.16) than in those without chronic disease (R-2= 0.10). While ego scores were not significant in individuals without chronic disease (p= 0.237), they were statistically significant in individuals with chronic disease (p= 0.017). Conclusion: Chronic diseases has been found to have a significant impact on the relationship between spouses. Many studies have examined the effects of chronic diseases on marriage. However, our study differs from other studies because of the analytical methods used. In the scales, it was determined whether the chronic disease showed a change in the relationship between the scales, not the scores in the chronic disease state
Oxytocin and Vasopressin Blood Levels in People with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
No full textBackground: The neuroendocrine system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are among the possible neurobiological factors that may be involved in the emergence and persistence of post-traumatic stress disorder. Here, we determined the levels of vaso-pressin and oxytocin in the peripheral blood of people with post-traumatic stress disorder, investigating their correlation with post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. Methods: The study included patients with post-traumatic stress disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Version 4 and healthy controls. People who accepted to participate in the study, who did not have any additional diseases, who had the ability to understand the questionnaires, and who did not use medications during the 3 months preceding the study onset were enrolled. The levels of vasopressin and oxytocin were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:Twenty-eight subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder and 19 healthy controls were included. The 2 groups were not significantly different in terms of oxytocin blood levels (P = .481). However, subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder had a significantly lower vasopressin level than controls (P < .001). We found no significant correlations of trauma duration and scale scores with oxytocin or vasopressin levels. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that blood vasopressin may play a role in post-traumatic stress disorder. Prospective studies based on a larger number of partici-pants are warranted to clarify how neuromodulators may affect the pathogenesis of post -traumatic stress disorder.Research Fund of the Inonu University [2011-15]This work was supported by Research Fund of the Inonu University. Project Number: 2011-15
Effects of noopept on ocular, pancreatic and renal histopathology in streptozotocin induced prepubertal diabetic rats
No full textDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease at all ages including childhood and puberty. Failure to treat DM can cause retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Endocrine and metabolic changes during the pubertal period complicate management of DM. Noopept is a cognitive enhancer that exhibits antidiabetic properties. We investigated the effect of noopept on the histopathology of the cornea, retina, kidney and pancreas in pubertal diabetic rats. We allocated 60 prepubertal male rats randomly into six groups of 10: untreated control (C), DM control (DC), noopept control (NC), DM + noopept (D + N), DM + insulin (D + I) and DM + insulin + noopept (D + I + N). DM was induced by streptozotocin in the DC, D + N, D + I and D + I + N groups. Noopept was administered to the NC, D + N and D + I + N groups; insulin was administered to the D + I and D + I + N groups for 14 days. On day 18 of the experiment, animals were sacrificed and eyes, kidneys and pancreata were excised for histological investigation. Renal tubule diameter and corneal and retinal thickness were increased significantly in DC groups compared to the control group. The D + I, D + N and D + I + N groups exhibited fewer DM induced pathological changes than the DC group. The D + I + N group exhibited no significant differences in renal tubule diameter and corneal and retinal thickness compared to the DC group. Our findings suggest that noopept is protective against DM end organ complications in streptozotocin induced diabetic pubertal rats.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [215S629]The research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), in the form of grant number [215S629]
The role of municipalities in the integration of Syrian refugees into the city
No full textDoğası gereği daha iyiyi arayan ve güvenliğini sağlamaya çalışan insanlar, dünya tarihinin her döneminde göç etme gereği duymuşlardır. İnsanları göç etmeye yönelten nedenler olduğu gibi meydana gelen göçlerin de insan toplulukları üzerinde önemli sonuçları olmuştur. Özellikle toplulukları etkileme potansiyeli yüksek olan uluslararası göçler, ülkelerin de çalışmalar yapmasını, göç politikaları oluşturmalarını zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Ülkelerin kendi koşullarına göre oluşturdukları göç politikaları, almış oldukları uluslararası göçlerle şekillenmektedir. Uluslararası göçlerden sonra farklı sosyo-kültürel özelliklere sahip kişilerin kentlere göçleri, bu kişilerin bütünleşmelerine yönelik politikaların önemini artırmaktadır. Uluslararası göçlerden sonra kentlere yerleşen bireylerin kentle bütünleşmelerinde merkezi yönetimlerin yanında sivil toplum kuruluşları ve belediyelerin de önemli katkıları bulunmaktadır. Türkiye'nin farklı kentlerine yerleşen Suriyeli sığınmacıların kentle bütünleşmelerinin incelendiği çalışmamızda, belediyelerin sığınmacıların kentle bütünleşmelerindeki rolü araştırma konusudur. Türkiye'ye göç eden Suriyeli sığınmacıların kentle bütünleşmelerinde belediyelerin rolünü konu alan çalışmamızda; Türkiye'de göç politikalarında merkezi yönetimler, yerel yönetimler ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarının çalışmalarına ayrı ayrı yer verilmiştir. Türkiye'nin göç politikaları üzerinde etkili olan Suriye göçlerine de yer verilen bu araştırmada, Türkiye'deki Suriyeli sığınmacıların kentle bütünleşmeleri sürecinde belediyelerin rolünün ortaya konması için Göç İdaresi Başkanlığının paylaştığı verilere göre Suriyeli sığınmacıların en yoğun yaşadıkları 6 ilde belediyelerden toplanan verilerle, sığınmacıların kentle bütünleşmelerinde belediyelerin rolünün nitel bir araştırma ile ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda yürütülen çalışma ile Suriyeli sığınmacıların kentle bütünleşmelerinde belediyelerin artan rolüne dikkat çekilmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Göç, Suriye, kent, bütünleşme, entegrasyon, uyum, sığınmacı, göçmen, belediyePeople who naturally seek the better and try to ensure their safety have felt the need to migrate in every period of the world's history. Just as there are reasons that lead people to migrate, the migrations that have taken place have also had important consequences on human communities. Particularly, international migrations, which have a high potential to affect communities, have made it compulsory for countries to carry out studies and create migration policies. Migration policies that countries create according to their own circumstances are shaped by the international migration they have received. The migration of people with different socio-cultural characteristics to cities after international migration increases the importance of policies for the integration of these people. Non-governmental organizations and municipalities also have important contributions to the integration of individuals who settled in cities after international migration as well as central governments. In our study, which examines the integration of Syrian refugees who settled in different cities of Turkey with the city, the role of municipalities in the integration of refugees with the city is the subject of research. In our study, which is about the role of municipalities in the integration of Syrian refugees who migrated to Turkey with the city, studies of central administrations, local administrations and non-governmental organizations in migration policies in Turkey are handled separately. In this study, also including Syrian migrations, which are influential on Turkey's migration policies, it is aimed to reveal the role of municipalities in the integration of refugees with the city through a qualitative research with the data collected from the municipalities in the 6 provinces where the Syrian refugees live the most according to data shared by the Directorate of Migration Management in order to reveal the role of municipalities in the process of integration of Syrian refugees with the city in Turkey. Thus, this study based on these aspects draws attention to the increasing role of municipalities in the integration of Syrian refugees with the city. Keywords: migration, Syria, city, integration, adaptation, refugee, immigrant, municipalit
Efficacy and safety of Hyadex for treatment of vesicoureteral reflux: a multicenter experience
No full textObjectiveThis study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dextranomer/cross-linked hyaluronic acid (Hyadex) in patients with a clinical diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).MethodsIn this cross-sectional multicenter observational study, Hyadex was used in four different centers for the endoscopic treatment of VUR from 2020 to 2022. The study involved 74 patients (93 renal units) who were diagnosed with VUR according to voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) findings and were considered suitable for subureteric endoscopic treatment. The follow-up time (control VCUG time) was 3 months.ResultsIn the VCUG evaluation, grade I VUR was found in 13 renal units, grade II in 23 renal units, grade III in 42 renal units, and grade IV in 12 renal units. The success rates of Hyadex treatment according to the degree of VUR were as follows: 84.6% for grade I, 82.6% for grade II, 71.4% for grade III, and 66.0% for grade IV. No major complications were observed.ConclusionEndoscopic subureteric Hyadex injection had high success rates in appropriately selected patients with VUR and may be used as the first-line treatment for children with VUR
Examining the root values within the book of the Arabian nights and the contribution of fairy tales to children's literature
No full textÇalışma, Binbir Gece Masallarında bulunan kök değerlerin tespiti ve Binbir Gece Masallarının çocuk edebiyatına katkısını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Değerler eğitimi, günümüz eğitim sürecinde önemsenmekte ve bu doğrultuda farklı materyallerin, yöntem ve tekniklerin kullanılması ile verimli hale getirilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Literatür incelendiğinde Binbir Gece Masallarının, değerler eğitimi ve çocuk edebiyatı kapsamında herhangi bir çalışmaya konu olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla Binbir Gece Masallarının ilk defa değerler eğitimi ve çocuk edebiyatı kapsamında ele alınıp incelenmesi önemli görülmektedir. Özellikle Binbir Gece Masallarından hareketle hazırlanmış bazı çocuk kitaplarının, çocuğa görelik ilkeleri göz önünde bulundurulmadan tamamen ticari amaçla hazırlandığı görüldüğünden yapılan çalışmanın bu alandaki önemli bir eksikliği gidereceği düşünülmektedir. Çalışma için Prof. Dr. Ziyat AKKOYUNLU'nun "Arapça Kaynaklardan Binbir Gece Masalları ve Türk Masallarına Tesiri" adlı kitaptaki bütün masallar esas alınmıştır. Söz konusu kaynak, akademik titizlikle hazırlanmış bilimsel bir çalışma olduğu için tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmada, nitel araştırmaya dayalı olarak kök değerlerin belirlenmesi, grafiklere aktarılması ve yorumlanması için betimsel analiz, Binbir Gece Masallarının çocuk edebiyatına katkısını belirlemek için içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programında ifade edilen kök değerler ve çocuk edebiyatı eserlerinde bulunması gereken özellikler bağlamında doküman incelemesi yapılmıştır. Değerler eğitimi kapsamında yapılan inceleme sonucunda, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından kök değer olarak belirlenen değerler ile bu değerlerle ilişkili tutum ve davranışların hepsinin çeşitli ifadelerle eserde bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. 2599 tane değer ifadesinin tespit edildiği Binbir Gece Masallarının, değer aktarımı açısından yeterli olduğu ve değerler eğitimi kapsamında kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca Binbir Gece Masallarının çocuk edebiyatına katkısını ortaya koymak amacıyla masallar, çocuk edebiyatının çocuğa görelik ilkelerinden içyapı özelliklerine göre incelenmiştir. Bu inceleme sonucunda söz konusu masalların çocuk edebiyatı kapsamında kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.This study aims to examine The Arabian Nights (Thousand and One Night) in terms of root values, and to identify the importance of the book for children's literature. Today, values education is an important aspect of education, and therefore different materials, methods and techniques are used to promote values education. Literature review shows that there is no study investigating the book in terms of values education and children's literature. Therefore, it seems important to investigate the book in terms of values education and children's literature. Given the fact that some books influenced by The Arabian Nights have been prepared for purely commercial purposes, this study is really significant. The study includes fairy tales within Prof. Dr. Ziyat AKKOYUNLU's book of "Arapça Kaynaklardan Binbir Gece Masalları ve Türk Masallarına Tesiri". This is a scientific study prepared with academic care. The study employs the descriptive analysis to determine root values, to present qualitative data by using graphs, to interpret related qualitative data, and the content analysis to gauge the importance of the book for children's literature. Document analysis is also used on the basis of the root values found in the Turkish language curriculum and the main features of children's literature. Results demonsrate that all the root values determined by the Ministry of National Education and the expressions, attitudes and behaviors associated with these values have been found. Thus, it is true to say that The Arabian Nights including 2599 values can be used to promote values education. The study also examines the fairy tales in terms of internal structure characteristics. The results reveal that these tales also can be used in children's literature to promote values education
The effect of graded motor imagery training on pain, functional performance, motor imagery skill, and kinesiophobia after total knee arthroplasty.
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışma total diz artroplastisi cerrahisi sonrası erken dönemden itibaren uygulanan dereceli motor imgeleme eğitiminin ağrı, fonksiyonel performans, motor imgeleme becerisi ve kinezyofobi üzerine etkisini araştırmak amacıyla planlandı. Materyal ve metot: 45-80 yaş arası tek taraflı diz artroplastisi planlanan bireyler kapalı zarf yöntemiyle dereceli motor imgelemeyle birlikte geleneksel rehabilitasyon uygulanan gruba ya da sadece geleneksel rehabilitasyon uygulanan gruba randomize edildi. Katılımcılar haftada 3 gün ve 6 hafta boyunca fizyoterapist kontrolünde rehabilitasyon programına alındı. Ağrı şiddeti Vizüel Analog Skalası, santral sensitizasyon semptomları Santral Sensitizasyon Envanteri, ağrının afektif boyutları Ağrı Felaketlendirme Ölçeği, dizin eklem hareket açıklığı gonyometre, kas kuvveti elle tutulan dinanometre, fonksiyon WOMAC, fonksiyonel mobilite ve mental kronometre Süreli Kalk Yürü Testi, lateralizasyon mobil uygulama, motor imgeleme becerisi Hareket İmgeleme Anketi-3 ve kinezyofobi Tampa Kinezyofobi Ölçeği kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Sonuçların analizinde Mann-Whitney U testi ve Wilcoxon signed-rank testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Dereceli motor imgeleme grubunda kontrol grubuna göre aktivite ve istirahat ağrısının anlamlı olarak azaldığı gösterildi (Sırasıyla p=0.000; p=0.004). Hareket İmgeleme Anketi-3 ve lateralizasyon performansının doğruluk oranında anlamlı iyileşme bulundu (p0.05). Sonuç: Total diz artroplastisi sonrası akut dönemde rehabilitasyona eklenen dereceli motor imgelemenin ağrı, motor imgeleme yeteneği, ağrı felaketlendirmesi ve kinezyofobide anlamlı iyileşmeye neden olduğu gösterildi.Daha sAim: This study was planned to investigate the effect of graded motor imagery training applied from the early period after total knee arthroplasty surgery on pain, functional performance, motor imagery skill, and kinesiophobia. Material and Method: Individuals aged 45-80 years who were scheduled for unilateral knee arthroplasty were randomized to either the conventional rehabilitation group with the closed envelope method or graded motor imagery combined with the conventional rehabilitation group. Participants were included in the rehabilitation program under the control of a physiotherapist for 3 days a week and for 6 weeks. Pain intensity Visual Analogue Scale, central sensitization symptoms Central Sensitization Inventory, affective dimensions of pain Pain Catastrophizing Scale, knee range of motion goniometer, muscle strength hand-held dynamometer, function WOMAC, functional mobility, and mental chronometer Timed Up and Go Test, lateralization mobile app, motor imagery ability Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 and the kinesiophobia Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale was assessed using. Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to analyze the results. Results: In the graded motor imagery group, it was shown that activity and resting pain were significantly reduced compared to the control group (p=0.000; p=0.004, respectively). Significant improvement was found in the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 and accuracy of lateralization performance (p0.05). Conclusion: Graded motor imagery added to rehabilitation in the acute period after total knee arthroplasty was showed to cause a significant improvement in pain, motor imagery ability, pain catastrophe, and kinesiophobia. onra doldurulacaktı
Plon i zawartość białka ogółem w mieszankach łubinu wąskolistnego z pszenżytem jarym uprawianych na zieloną masę w rolnictwie zrównoważonym
Get PDFProgressive climate change and an increase in the level of environmental pollution make it necessary to search for crops with stable yields and the lowest possible impact on the environment. This paper presents the results of a 2016–2018 study that aimed to evaluate the yield and total protein content of mixtures of blue lupin with spring triticale. Two factors were studied in the experiment: I. the proportion of components in the mixture: blue lupine – pure sowing 100%, spring triticale – pure sowing 100%, blue lupine 75% + spring triticale 25%, blue lupine 50% + spring triticale 50%, blue lupine 25% + spring triticale 75%; II. harvest date: flowering stage of blue lupine (BBCH 65), flat green pod stage of blue lupine (BBCH 79). The highest fresh and dry matter yield was obtained from a mixture of blue lupine and spring triticale with an equal share of both components harvested at the flat green pod stage of blue lupine. The highest total protein content, among the mixtures, was characterized by the mixture of blue lupin with spring triticale with a share of components of 75% + 25%, respectively, harvested at the flowering stage of blue lupin.Postępujące zmiany klimatyczne oraz wzrost poziomu zanieczyszczenia środowiska powoduje konieczność poszukiwania upraw o stabilnym plonowaniu i jak najmniejszym negatywnym wpływie na środowisko naturalne. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań z lat 2016–2018, które miały na celu ocenę plonowania i zawartości białka ogółem w mieszankach łubinu wąskolistnego z pszenżytem jarym. W doświadczeniu badano dwa czynniki: I. udział komponentów w mieszance: łubin wąskolistny – siew czysty 100%, pszenżyto jare – siew czysty 100%, łubin wąskolistny 75% + pszenżyto jare 25%, łubin wąskolistny 50% + pszenżyto jare 50%, łubin wąskolistny 25% + pszenżyto jare 75%; II. termin zbioru: faza kwitnienia łubinu wąskolistnego (BBCH 65), faza płaskiego zielonego strąka łubinu wąskolistny (BBCH 79). Największy plon świeżej i suchej masy uzyskano z mieszanki łubinu wąskolistnego z pszenżytem jarym o równym udziale obu komponentów zebranej w fazie płaskiego zielonego strąka łubinu wąskolistnego. Spośród mieszanek największą zawartością białka ogółem charakteryzowała się mieszanka łubinu wąskolistnego z pszenżytem jarym o udziale komponentów odpowiednio 75% + 25% zebrana w fazie kwitnienia łubinu wąskolistnego
Wpływ podpowierzchniowego wnoszenia nawozu mineralnego na plon i jakość nasion soi w warunkach uprawy bezpłużnej
Get PDFThe present study was conducted during the period 2015–2017 based on a field experiment established in 2014 in the village of Rogów, Zamość County, Poland. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of subsurface application of different rates of a mineral compound fertilizer named Polifoska®6 NPK(S) 6-20-30(7) on yield of soybean, and some yield quality. The soybean was sown in soybean – winter wheat – maize crop rotation under no-tillage conditions. The mineral fertilizer was applied at a rate of 200 and 400 kg ha–1, and it was spread evenly under the soil surface at a depth range of 10–30 cm according to the operation of a soil loosener and fertilizer spreader attachment. Plots with surface fertilizer application were the control treatment. After harvest, yield and yield components of the soybean seeds were estimated. A chemical analysis of seeds was also performed in order to determine the quality of harvested yield. Deep mineral fertilizer application had a beneficial effect on soybean yield levels and contributed to an increase in the seed content of Met and Trp as well as of P, K, and Mg. Nevertheless, the seed content of Glu and Ala was found to decrease compared to surface fertilizer application. Soybean fertilized with the higher rate of the fertilizer Polifoska®6 was characterized by a greater seed total protein and P content. In turn, soybeans contained more fiber, amino acids (except for Cys, Met, and Trp), and also N, K, and Mg in the treatment with the lower rate of mineral fertilization.Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2015–2017, opierając się na eksperymencie polowym założonym jesienią 2014 r. w miejscowości Rogów (powiat zamojski). Celem badań była ocena wpływu podpowierzchniowego wprowadzania zróżnicowanych dawek wieloskładnikowego nawozu mineralnego Polifoska®6 NPK(S) 6-20-30(7) na plon oraz wybrane cechy jakości plonu nasion soi. Soję wysiewano w zmianowaniu soja – pszenica ozima – kukurydza w warunkach uprawy bezorkowej. Nawóz mineralny w dawce 200 i 400 kg∙ha–1 wnoszono pod powierzchnię gleby równomiernie w zakresie 10–30 cm głębokości pracy elementu wysiewająco-spulchniającego. Obiekt kontrolny stanowiły poletka z powierzchniową aplikacją nawozu. Po zbiorze oceniono plon i elementy struktury plonu. Wykonano również analizy chemiczne nasion soi celem określenia jakości zebranego plonu.
Wgłębna aplikacja nawozu mineralnego korzystnie wpłynęła na poziom plonowania soi oraz przyczyniła się do zwiększenia zawartości aminokwasów Met i Trp, a także P, K i Mg w nasionach. W porównaniu z powierzchniowym wysiewem nawozu stwierdzono jednak zmniejszenie zawartości Glu i Ala w nasionach. Nasiona soi zebrane z powierzchni, na którą wniesiono wyższą dawkę nawozu Polifoska®6 odznaczały się większą zawartością białka ogólnego i P. Z kolei więcej włókna, aminokwasów (z wyjątkiem Cys, Met i Trp), a także N, K i Mg zawierały nasiona soi w wariancie z niższą dawką nawożenia mineralnego
Wpływ nawozów zawierających wolne aminokwasy na plonowanie współczesnej oraz dawnych odmian pszenicy zwyczajnej w produkcji ekologicznej
Get PDFThe purpose of the study was to determine the effect of amino acid fertilizers on the volume and structure of grain yield of modernly grown and old cultivars of winter common wheat in organic production. The following wheat cultivars were evaluated: RGT Kilimanjaro, Ostka Grodkowicka, Square Head Grodkowicka, Egipcjanka, Nadwiślanka and Blondynka. Fertilizer variants included: facility without foliar fertilization, Fertileader Tonic, Ecovigor AA, Fertileader Tonic + Ecovigor AA, Aminosol, Fertileader Tonic + Aminosol. Of the wheat cultivars evaluated, the highest grain yield was that of the contemporary cultivar RGT Kilimanjaro, which yielded an average of 7.27 t ha–1. Old regional wheat cultivars developed grain yields 36.3 to 50.3% lower. In this group of cultivars, Nadwiślanka was characterized by the highest yield potential, and Blondynka by the lowest. The lower grain yields of the old wheat cultivars were the result of weaker plant tillering, a smaller number of developed grains per ear, and a weight of 1,000 grains compared to wheat grown today. The application of amino acid fertilizers resulted in grain yield increases ranging from 2.4 to 7.2%. A significant increase in yield was found after the application of Fertileader Tonic together with the fertilizers Ecovigor AA and Aminosol.Celem badań było określenie wpływu nawozów aminokwasowych na wielkość i strukturę plonu ziarna współcześnie uprawianej oraz starych odmian pszenicy zwyczajnej ozimej w produkcji ekologicznej. Ocenie poddano następujące odmiany pszenicy: RGT Kilimanjaro, Ostka Grodkowicka, Square Head Grodkowicka, Egipcjanka, Nadwiślanka i Blondynka. Warianty nawozowe obejmowały: obiekt bez nawożenia dolistnego, Fertileader Tonic, Ecovigor AA, Fertileader Tonic + Ecovigor AA, Aminosol, Fertileader Tonic + Aminosol. Spośród ocenianych odmian pszenicy największym plonem ziarna odznaczała się współcześnie uprawiana odmiana RGT Kilimanjaro, która plonowała średnio na poziomie 7,27 t ha–1. Stare, regionalne odmiany pszenicy wykształcały plony ziarna od 36,3 do 50,3% mniejsze. W tej grupie odmian największym potencjałem plonowania odznaczała się Nadwiślanka, a najmniejszym Blondynka. Mniejsze plony ziarna starych odmian pszenicy były efektem słabszej krzewistości roślin, mniejszej ilości wykształconych ziaren w kłosie oraz masy 1000 ziaren w porównaniu z pszenicą współcześnie uprawianą. Aplikacja nawozów aminokwasowych powodowała przyrost plonu ziarna w zakresie od 2,4 do 7,2%. Istotną zwyżkę plonu stwierdzono po zastosowaniu preparatu Fertileader Tonic łącznie z nawozami Ecovigor AA oraz Aminosol