Czasopisma Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczy w Lublinie
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Zastosowanie wybranych gatunków roślin zielarskich z rodziny Lamiaceae i Apiaceae w hortiterapii
Get PDFHorticultural therapy is an increasingly popular method for improving human health and well-being. It is carried out, among others, in gardens, greenhouses, and rooms dedicated to therapy and is based on many garden plants. The special place is occupied by herbal plants from the Lamiaceae family (common basil, garden savory, mountain savory, catnip, lavender, common oregano, wild thyme, garden marjoram, lemon balm, peppermint, rosemary, sage, common thyme) and Apiaceae (common parsley, garden lovage, caraway) due to their pleasant aroma. The scents, which are responsible for the essential oils collected in the plant, have a refreshing effect on the recipients of hortitherapy (mint), calming (lemon balm, lavender), and sometimes alleviate many ailments (thyme). Aromatic herbs and their raw materials are often introduced by therapists to fine motor skills improvement due to their relaxing effect. Participants of classes sensing the pleasant scents of plants are more willing to participate in them, which translates into better therapeutic effects.Hortiterapia jest coraz częściej stosowną metodą w celu poprawy stanu zdrowia i samopoczucia człowieka. Prowadzona jest m.in. w ogrodach, szklarniach lub pomieszczeniach przeznaczonych do terapii. Bazuje na wielu roślinach ogrodniczych, jednak szczególne miejsce zajmują rośliny zielarskie z rodziny Lamiaceae (bazylia pospolita, cząber ogrodowy, cząber górski, kocimiętka właściwa, lawenda lekarska, lebiodka pospolita, macierzanka piaskowa, majeranek ogrodowy, melisa lekarska, mięta pieprzowa, rozmaryn lekarski, szałwia lekarska, tymianek pospolity) i Apiaceae (pietruszka zwyczajna, lubczyk ogrodowy, kminek lekarski) ze względu na przyjemny aromat. Zapachy, za które odpowiadają olejki eteryczne gromadzone w roślinie, wpływają na odbiorców hortiterapii orzeźwiająco (mięta), wyciszająco (melisa, lawenda), a niekiedy łagodzą wiele dolegliwości (tymianek). Rośliny zielarskie wydzielające olejki eteryczne i ich surowce są często wprowadzane przez terapeutów do usprawnienia motoryki małej z uwagi na relaksujące ich odziaływanie. Uczestnicy zajęć, wyczuwając przyjemne wonie roślin, chętniej biorą w nich udział, co przekłada się na lepsze efekty terapeutyczne.
Ocena walorów dekoracyjnych oraz zawartość składników mineralnych w liściach kilku odmian azalii (Rhododendron hybridum)
Get PDFThe experiment was carried out in 2014 in garden located in Spiczyn (51°19'N, 22°44'E) in the Łęczna district. The aim of the study was to estimation the decorative values of five varieties of azalea: ‘Golden Lights’, ‘Cannon’s Double’, ‘Golden Lights’, ‘Oxydol’ and ‘Sarina’. And to determine the content of nutrients in the leaves. During the research, observations and biometric measurements of plants were made: height and width of plants, growth annual shoots, length and width of leaves. During flowering, the number of inflorescences, the number of flowers in the inflorescence and the diameter of flowers were measured, and the course of flowering was observed. Macronutrient were determined in the leaves: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium. The conducted research showed many significant differences between the observed azalea cultivars in terms of the height and growth strength of plants, the course of flowering, the size of inflorescences, and the content of nutrients in the leaves (nutritional status). The cv. ‘Cannon’s Double’ was characterized by the greatest growth and plant size. The cv. ‘Golden Lights’ had the smallest flowers, but its inflorescences consisted of the largest number of flowers. The cv. ‘Anneke’ had the earliest and longest flowering, which began on May 7 and ended on June 2, after 27 days. Statistical analysis of the results of the nutrient content in the leaves of azalea under the conditions of the research showed significant differences between cultivars in the supply of plant with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium. Azalea leaves contained the most nitrogen, and the least phosphorus.Doświadczenie przeprowadzono w 2014 r. w ogrodzie położonym w Spiczynie (51°19'N, 22°44'E) w powiecie łęczyńskim. Celem pracy była ocena walorów dekoracyjnych pięciu odmian azalii wielkokwiatowej: ‘Anneke’, ‘Cannon’s Double’, ‘Golden Lights’, ‘Oxydol’ i ‘Sarina’ oraz określenie zawartości składników pokarmowych w liściach. W czasie badań wykonano obserwacje i pomiary biometryczne roślin: wysokość i szerokość roślin, przyrostów pędów jednorocznych, długości i szerokości liści. Podczas kwitnienia dokonano pomiarów liczby kwiatostanów, ilości kwiatów w kwiatostanie oraz średnicy kwiatów, a także obserwowano przebieg kwitnienia. W liściach oznaczono makroskładniki: azot, fosfor, potas, magnez i wapń. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały istotne różnice pomiędzy obserwowanymi odmianami azalii w wysokości i sile wzrostu roślin, przebiegu kwitnienia, wielkości kwiatostanów i kwiatów oraz w zawartości składników pokarmowych w liściach (stanie odżywienia). Największą siłą wzrostu i wielkością roślin charakteryzowała się odmiana ‘Cannon’s Double’. Najdrobniejsze kwiaty miała odmiana ‘Golden Lights’, ale jej kwiatostany składały się z największej ilości kwiatów. Najwcześniejszym jak i najdłuższym kwitnieniem wyróżniała się odmiana ‘Anneke’, które rozpoczęło się 7 maja, a zakończyło 2 czerwca po 27 dniach. Analiza statystyczna wyników zawartości składników pokarmowych w liściach azalii wielkokwiatowej w warunkach prowadzonych badań wykazała istotne różnice odmianowe w zaopatrzeniu roślin w azot, fosfor, potas i wapń. Liście azalii zawierały najwięcej azotu a najmniej fosforu
Dual role of hydrogen sulfide in modulating photosynthesis, antioxidant defense, and membrane integrity in Cucurbita pepo
Get PDFAlthough traditionally regarded as a toxic environmental gas, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently been recognized as a gasotransmitter involved in regulating various physiological processes in both plants and animals. This study aimed to investigate the stage- and concentration-dependent effects of exogenous H2S on the growth, photosynthetic capacity, and antioxidant performance of squash (Cucurbita pepo) plants. Fifteen-day-old seedlings were subjected to foliar application of H2S at different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, and 300 μM) and monitored until the end of the experiment. Plant samples were collected at two distinct intervals following H2S treatment – 24 hours and 15 days to comprehensively assess growth, physiological, and biochemical parameters. The results revealed a biphasic response to H2S treatments. Application of 100 μM H2S significantly improved growth traits (including shoot and root length, dry biomass, and leaf area), photosynthetic performance, carbonic anhydrase activity, antioxidant enzyme activities, and proline accumulation, while reducing electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation compared to untreated controls. In contrast, higher concentrations (200 and 300 μM) adversely affected these parameters and caused increased cellular damage. These findings suggest that 100 μM H2S is the optimal concentration for enhancing physiological and biochemical traits in squash and may serve as a promising tool for improving crop productivity via improved photosynthetic and stress-response mechanisms
Enhancing quality in Bidens ferulifolia: interplay of light extension and growth retardants in greenhouse cultivation
Get PDFThis study examined the effects of photoperiod extension (16-hour day) and growth retardant application during the liner stage (weeks 5–11) on nutrient uptake and plant quality in two Bidens ferulifolia cultivars (Fire&Spicy and Hot&Spicy). Treatments included supplemental lighting (L), growth retardant (R), both (L-R), and a control (NL-NR). Mature plants were assessed for plant architecture, flowering, nutrient status, photosynthetic pigments, and soluble sugars. All plants branched vigorously, but L-R produced the most commercially favourable structure, with fewer long shoots and more short ones. L-R also yielded the shortest shoots and highest dry mass, especially in Hot&Spicy alongside increased P and Zn. Retardants reduced fresh mass but increased levels of N, P, K, S, and Cu, while decreasing Fe and Mn. Light-treated plants have more fully open flowers but had similar bud numbers. Supplemental light improved nutrient accumulation, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, and sugar content, indicating better physiological efficiency. Cultivars responded differently to R, with Fire&Spicy showing greater micronutrient uptake. Combining light and retardant during the liner stage enhances visual quality and nutrient efficiency in B. ferulifolia, offering growers a strategy to improve crop performance while potentially reducing reliance on chemical growth regulation.
Investigation of drying of myrtle plant (myrtus communis L.) leaves and fruits growing in Muğla region with different techniques
No full textBu tez çalışmasında, Muğla yöresine ait Mersin bitkisi (Myrtus communis L.) yaprak ve meyvelerinin farklı kurutma yöntemleri altındaki kurutma davranışları araştırılmıştır. Bitki materyali, ultrases önişlemli ve önişlemsiz olarak mikrodalga ve infrared kurutmaya, meyve materyali ise önişlemsiz olarak yine mikrodalga ve infrared kurutmaya tabi tutulmuştur. Mikrodalga kurutma işlemleri 180, 360, 600 ve 720 W güç seviyelerinde; infrared kurutma işlemleri ise 50, 60, ve 70°C sıcaklıklarda uygulanmıştır. Kurutma deneyleri sonucunda hem infrared hem de mikrodalga yöntemlerinde kuruma eğrilerinin tipik olarak azalan hız rejiminde gerçekleştiği, sabit hız evresinin ise gözlenmediği belirlenmiştir. Bu durum, kurutma sürecinde nem uzaklaştırılmasının esas olarak iç difüzyon kontrollü olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ultrases önişleminin etkisi her iki yöntemde de açıkça ortaya çıkmış suyun difüzyonunu kolaylaştırmış ve kurutma sürelerini önemli ölçüde kısaltmıştır. Matematiksel modelleme çalışmaları sonucunda, deneysel verilere en iyi uyumun Midilli modeli ile sağlandığı, bu modelin hem yaprak hem de meyve örneklerinin kurutma davranışını yüksek doğrulukla temsil ettiği belirlenmiştir. Etkin difüzyon katsayıları (Deff), infrared kurutmada 10?¹² – 10?¹¹ m²/s, mikrodalga kurutmada ise 10?¹¹ – 10?¹? m²/s aralığında hesaplanmış ve mikrodalga yönteminin nem transferini daha etkin gerçekleştirdiği ortaya konmuştur. Arrhenius yaklaşımı ile yapılan değerlendirmelerde, infrared kurutmada aktivasyon enerjisi (Ea) 30–50 kJ/mol, mikrodalga kurutmada ise 6–20 W/g aralığında bulunmuştur. Ultrases önişlemi ile Ea değerlerinde düşüş gözlenmiştir. Tüm bu bulgular, hem yaprak hem de meyve örneklerinde optimum kurutma koşullarının belirlenmesi ve endüstriyel uygulamalarda enerji verimliliğinin artırılması açısından yol gösterici niteliktedir.In this thesis study, the drying behavior of leaves and fruits of the Muğla region's myrtle plant (Myrtus communis L.) under different drying methods was investigated. The plant material was subjected to microwave and infrared drying with and without ultrasonic pretreatment, while the fruit material was subjected to microwave and infrared drying without pretreatment. Microwave drying processes were performed at power levels of 180, 360, 600, and 720 W; infrared drying processes were performed at temperatures of 50, 60, and 70°C. The drying experiments revealed that the drying curves for both infrared and microwave methods typically occurred in a decreasing rate regime, with no constant rate phase observed. This indicates that moisture removal during the drying process is primarily controlled by internal diffusion. The effect of ultrasonic pretreatment was clearly evident in both methods, facilitating water diffusion and significantly shortening drying times. Mathematical modeling studies revealed that the Midilli model provided the best fit to the experimental data, representing the drying behavior of both leaf and fruit samples with high accuracy. Effective diffusion coefficients (Deff) were calculated in the range of 10?¹² – 10?¹¹ m²/s for infrared drying and 10?¹¹ – 10?¹? m²/s for microwave drying, revealing that the microwave method achieves more efficient moisture transfer. In evaluations conducted using the Arrhenius approach, the activation energy (Ea) was found to be in the range of 30–50 kJ/mol for infrared drying and 6–20 W/g for microwave drying. A decrease in Ea values was observed with ultrasonic pretreatment. All these findings are indicative for determining optimal drying conditions in both leaf and fruit samples and for increasing energy efficiency in industrial applications
War and women
No full textBu çalışma, savaş olgusunu ve sosyal yaşamda kadının konumunu ele alarak, toplumsal cinsiyet ilişkileri çerçevesinde savaş ve kadın etkileşimini çeşitli yönleriyle incelemektedir. İlk bölümde, savaş kavramı detaylı bir şekilde açıklanmış, biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyolojik perspektiflerden savaşın nedenleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, toplumsal cinsiyet bağlamında kadının sosyal yaşam içerisindeki yeri ve kadına yönelik şiddet konularına da değinilmektedir. İkinci bölüm, savaş sürecinde kadınların değişen rollerini ve katkılarını ele almaktadır. Kadınların savaş hazırlığındaki rolleri, savaş ekonomisi içerisindeki yerleri, doğrudan savaşan kadınlar ve savaş sırasında karşı karşıya kaldıkları insan hakları ihlalleri detaylandırılmaktadır. Bu bölümde ayrıca, savaş sonrası barış sürecinde kadınların toplumsal dönüşümlerdeki rolü incelenmektedir. Üçüncü bölümde ise, zorunlu göç sürecinde kadınların sosyal konumu ele alınmaktadır. Göç hareketliliği, mülteciler ve zorla yerinden edilme süreçleri üzerinden kadınların yaşadığı değişimler ve mücadeleler tartışılmaktadır. Mülteci kadınların toplumsal söylemlerdeki temsili ve savaş ile zorunlu göçün kadın sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilerek, bu sürecin kadınların yaşamlarına olan yansımaları analiz edilmektedir. Bu araştırmada doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmış olup, akademik çalışmalar, tarihsel belgeler ve uluslararası raporlar incelenerek savaş, zorunlu göç ve kadının sosyal konumu arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Oluşturulan temalar yöntemsel olarak betimleyici bir yaklaşımla oluşturulmuştur. Yapılan çalışmada savaşın, kadınlar için hem yıkıcı hem de dönüşüm sağlayan bir süreç olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Kadınlar, geleneksel bakım ve destek rollerini sürdürmeye zorlanırken, aynı zamanda ekonomik ve sosyal yaşamda daha görünür hale gelmektedirler. Ancak bu görünürlük, her zaman kadınların güçlenmesi anlamına gelmemekte; aksine birçok durumda daha fazla kırılganlıkla sonuçlanmaktadır.This study examines the phenomenon of war and the position of women in social life, exploring the interaction between war and women from various perspectives within the framework of gender relations. In the first chapter, the concept of war is explained in detail, and its causes are evaluated from biological, psychological, and sociological perspectives. Additionally, the role of women in social life and issues of gender-based violence are addressed within the context of gender. The second chapter focuses on the changing roles and contributions of women during wartime. It elaborates on women's roles in war preparations, their place in the wartime economy, women who directly participate in combat, and the human rights violations they face during war. This chapter also examines the role of women in societal transformation processes during post-war peacebuilding. The third chapter discusses the social status of women during forced migration. It explores the changes and struggles women experience in the context of migration, refugees, and forced displacement. By evaluating the representation of refugee women in social discourse and the effects of war and forced migration on women's health, the chapter analyzes the impact of these processes on women's lives. This research employs the document analysis method, drawing on academic studies, historical documents, and international reports to investigate the relationship between war, forced migration, and the social position of women. The themes were developed methodologically using a descriptive approach. The study concludes that war is both a destructive and transformative process for women. While women are compelled to maintain their traditional caregiving and support roles, they also become more visible in economic and social spheres. However, this visibility does not always equate to empowerment; on the contrary, in many cases, it results in increased vulnerability
Attitudes of private education institution managers regarding recreative sports activities for mentally disabled individuals
No full textAmaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, özel eğitim kurum yöneticilerinin zihinsel engelli bireylere yönelik rekreatif amaçlı sportif etkinliklere ilişkin tutumlarını nitel bir bakış açısıyla incelemektir. Materyal ve Metot: Bu araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseni ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamında, Malatya ili özel eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan 14 okul yöneticisinin zihinsel engelli bireylerin rekreatif amaçlı sportif etkinliklere yönelik tutumları derinlemesine incelenmiştir. Durum çalışması deseni, belirli bir olgunun (bu durumda yöneticilerin tutumları) kendi doğal bağlamı içinde, çok yönlü ve kapsamlı olarak ele alınmasına olanak sağlamaktadır. Bulgular: Okul yöneticilerinin görüşleri doğrultusunda 4 tema belirlenmiştir. Birinci tema Gelişim teması altında dört alt tema ve toplamda on kod ortaya çıkmıştır. İkinci tema Sağlıklı Yaşam teması, üç alt tema ve toplamda on kod çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Üçüncü tema Sosyal Beceriler teması ise üç ana alt tema ve toplam altı kod çerçevesinde düzenlenmiştir. Dördüncü tema Sportif Rekreasyon Programı temasında iki alt tema ve toplam beş kod bulunmaktadır. Sonuç: Bu araştırma kapsamında okul yöneticilerinin zihinsel engelli bireyler için yürütülen sportif rekreatif etkinliklerin zihinsel engelli bireylerin fiziksel/psikomotor, sosyal, duygusal ve bilişsel gelişimlerini desteklediği, psikolojik iyi oluşlarını artırdığı, sosyal etkileşim ve iletişim becerilerini güçlendirdiği, öz bakım ve özerklik becerilerini geliştirdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler:Özel eğitim,Rekreatif aktivite,Yönetici,Zihinsel engelliAim: The aim of this study is to examine the attitudes of special education institution administrators towards recreational sportive activities for individuals with intellectual disabilities from a qualitative perspective. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using the case study design, one of the qualitative research methods. Within the scope of the research, the attitudes of 14 school administrators working in special education institutions in Malatya Province toward recreational sports activities for individuals with intellectual disabilities were examined in depth. The case study design allows for a multifaceted and comprehensive examination of a specific phenomenon (in this case, the attitudes of administrators) within its natural context. Results: Four themes were identified based on the opinions of school administrators. The first theme, Development, had four sub-themes and a total of ten codes. The second theme, Healthy Living, had three sub-themes and a total of ten codes. The third theme, Social Skills, was organized under three main subthemes and a total of six codes. The fourth theme, Sports and Recreation Program, included two subthemes and a total of five codes. Conclusion: Within the scope of this research, school administrators concluded that sportive recreational activities conducted for individuals with intellectual disabilities support the physical/psychomotor, social, emotional and cognitive development of individuals with intellectual disabilities, increase their psychological well-being, strengthen their social interaction and communication skills, and improve their self-care and autonomy skills. Keywords:Administrator,Individuals with intellectual disabilities, Recreational activity,Special educatio
Optimization and analysis of TANDEM blade radial compressor
No full textSantrifüj kompresörler küçük gaz türbinlerinin kullanıldığı havacılıkla ilgili uygulamalarda, turbosarjlarda, gaz ve petrol endüstrilerinde oldukça sık kullanılmaktadırlar. Günümüzde de çok popüler olan insansız hava araçlarında oldukça yaygın olarak kullanılan bu sistemler, yüksek basınç sıkıştırma oranı ve kolay imal edilebilmesi sebebiyle tercih edilmekte ancak düşük verimleri ve kötü çalışma aralığı sebebiyle geliştirilmeye açık bir alan olarak görülmektedir. Santrifüj kompresörlerin performanslarının iyileştirilmesi amacıyla her ne kadar ortaya birçok fikir konulmuş ve çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiş ise de akışkan kontrolünü ekstra bir hava yapılandırmasına ihtiyaç duymayan, ardışık kanatlı radyal kompresörler en çok ilgi göreni olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, radyal kompresörün basınç oranını artırmaya yönelik geometri optimizasyonu ve farklı tasarımların hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği (HAD) ile analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerin sayısal doğruluğundan emin olmak için literatürde deneysel sonuçları mevcut olan bir radyal kompresör baz alınmış ve kompresörün tasarımı gerçekleştirilip sayısal analiz sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen sayısal analiz sonuçları ile literatürdeki deneysel sonuçların uyumlu olduğu görülerek ardışık kanatlı radyal kompresörün tasarımına geçilmiştir. Sayısal analiz sonuçları dikkate alınarak radyal kompresöre ait geometrik veriler parametrik hale getirilerek giriş verileri ile çıkış verileri arasındaki ilişkiler tespit edilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Bu bilgiler ve yorumlar ışığında matematiksel algoritmalar kullanılarak optimum ardışık kanatlı radyal kompresöre ait geometriler elde edilmiş ve optimum tasarımın sayısal analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Optimum ardışık kanatlı radyal kompresör ile ardışık kanatlı radyal kompresör ve geleneksel kanatlı radyal kompresör arasındaki ilişki incelenerek yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar ve geometrik analizler doğrultusunda, optimum ardışık kanatlı tasarımın geleneksel kanatlı tasarıma kıyasla ortalama %5.71 oranında daha yüksek performans sergilediği, ayrıca standart ardışık kanatlı tasarıma göre ise %0.3 oranında daha üstün performans gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.Centrifugal compressors are frequently used in aviation applications where small gas turbines are used, in turbochargers, and in the gas and oil industries. These systems, which are widely used in unmanned aerial vehicles, which are very popular today, are preferred due to their high pressure compression ratio and easy manufacturing, but are seen as an area open to development due to their low efficiency and poor operating range. Although many ideas have been put forward and studies have been carried out to improve the performance of centrifugal compressors, the tandem blade radial compressors, which do not require an additional air configuration for fluid control, have been the most popular. In this study, geometry optimization to increase the pressure ratio of the radial compressor and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses of different designs were performed. In order to ensure the numerical accuracy of the analyses, a radial compressor with experimental results in the literature was taken as a basis and the compressor design was carried out and numerical analysis results were obtained. Seeing that the numerical analysis results obtained were compatible with the experimental results in the literature, the tandem blade radial compressor design was started. Considering the numerical analysis results, the geometric data of the radial compressor were parametricized and the relationships between the input data and output data were determined and interpreted. In the light of this information and interpretations, the geometries of the optimum tandem blade radial compressor were obtained using mathematical algorithms and the numerical analyses of the optimum design were performed. The relationship between optimum tandem blade radial compressor, tandem blade radial compressor and conventional blade radial compressor is investigated and interpreted. Based on the obtained results and geometric analysis, it has been determined that the optimum tandem-blade design exhibited an average of %5.71 higher performance compared to the convetional blade design and %0.3 superior performance compared to the standart tandem-blade design
Evaluation of diversity in quantitative and qualitative characteristics of different white eggplant genotypes under climatic conditions of Karaj, Iran
Get PDFThe eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most consumed and healthiest vegetables in the world. This plant is important both nutritionally and medicinally. This research, based on a randomized complete block design, investigated the quantitative and qualitative traits of nine inbred lines (11111, 11121, 11122, 13411, 13421, 13511, 13521, 24111, and 51311) and one commercial cultivar of white eggplant (Aretussa) in two growing seasons (2021–2022, and 2022–2023) in the climatic conditions of Karaj, Iran. The analysis of variance showed that the interaction of year and genotypes was significant for all studied traits, as plant height, leaf length and width, fruit yield, and content of minerals (P, Ca, K, Fe, Zn, Mg), protein, vitamin C, dry matter, crude fat, crude fiber, and total carbohydrates in the fruit. The comparison of means revealed that genotype 13511 had the tallest plants. Aretussa was the best genotype in terms of yield, vitamin C, crude fiber, and protein, and genotypes 51311 and 11121 were the best in P and K. The variation range of the genotype was not wide in qualitative traits, but as a summary of the two years, the three genotypes of 13421, 51311, and Aretussa can be recommended as the best genotypes in terms of fruit yield per ha, while there were close to one another in fruit quality
Effects of melatonin and tryptophan applications on viability and germination performance of tomato seeds during and after artificial aging
Get PDFAlthough the diurnal fluctuations of melatonin (Mel) content in plants and its role in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance are well-documented, little is known about its changes within seeds and its potential effects on seed viability or the aging process. This study aimed to determine how artificial aging, induced by a controlled deterioration test, affects the Mel and tryptophan (Trp) content and seed viability. Furthermore, the study evaluated the effects of Mel and Trp applications on mitigating the impacts of aging in artificially aged seeds. Tomato seeds treated with 250 µM Mel and Trp were artificially aged for up to 8 days through controlled deterioration test after which Mel and Trp changes during ageing and the effect of treatments on seed viability and germination performance was determined. Seeds were also treated with Mel and Trp following artificial ageing in order to determine the effects of Mel and Trp on aged seeds. The positive effects of Mel and Trp applications on seed viability and vigor were particularly evident during and after artificial aging, compared to control seeds. It was observed that in control seeds subjected to controlled deterioration test, Mel and Trp contents exhibited an opposite trend. Applications of Mel and its precursor Trp, before and after artificial aging, significantly slowed down the aging process or alleviated the adverse effects of aging by protecting membrane structures against peroxidation and the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2. Moreover, indicators of seed deterioration such as electrical conductivity, MDA, and H2O2 contents were significantly reduced compared to untreated seeds, while the activities of antioxidant enzymes were boosted. In conclusion, the importance of Mel and Trp applications in preserving seed viability, minimizing storage losses, and slowing seed aging has been demonstrated, suggesting practical applications, particularly in preserving seeds of endangered species or valuable breeding materials