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Map of the Venetian-Ottoman Border Demarcation in Part of Northern and Central Dalmatia, 1588/1589
No full textMeđu povijesnim izvorima koji omogućuju prijedloge rekonstrukcije mletačko-osmanskih razgraničenja na sjeveroistočnoj obali i u jadranskome zaobalju u ranome novom vijeku osobito se ističu stare karte. One su kao grafički prikazi prostornih odnosa prvorazredan povijesni izvor geografskih podataka. Takva je i rukopisna karta nepoznatoga autora na kojoj je prikazano mletačko-osmansko razgraničenje poslije Ciparskoga rata u dijelu sjeverne i u srednjoj Dalmaciji. Karta se čuva u fondu Miscellanea – Materie miste e notabili Državnoga arhiva u Veneciji, a dosad nije bila predmetom znanstvenih i stručnih istraživanja. Manje u pogledu prirodno-geografskih sadržaja, a više u pogledu prikaza naselja, utvrda, prometnica i, posebno, granica, važno je svjedočanstvo o poznavanju topografije obalnoga i zaobalnoga dijela šibenske, trogirske i splitske komune kao strateški važnih dijelova mletačkoga Stato da Mar, izloženih osmanskim vojnim i pljačkaškim pohodima i teritorijalnim posizanjima.Among historical sources which allow a proposed reconstruction of the Venetian-Ottoman border demarcation on the northeast coastal and hinterland area of the Adriatic in the early modern period, old maps are especially prominent. As graphic depictions of spatial relations, they are a first-class historical source of geographical data. Such is the manuscript map by an unknown author which depicts the Venetia-Ottoman border demarcation in part of northern and central Dalmatia after the War of Cyprus. The map is housed in the Miscellanea – Materie miste e notabili fund at the State Archives in Venice and has not yet been the subject of scientific and expert research. To a lesser extent, because of its natural-geographic contents, and to a greater extent because of its depiction of settlements, fortifications, roads and especially borders, it is an important testimony to knowledge at the time of the topography of the coastal and hinterland parts of the Šibenik, Trogir and Split communes, as strategic parts of the Venetian Stato da Mar threatened by Ottoman military and looting forays and territorial incursions
Unknown Analyses of Cold War by Ante Pavelić
No full textU ovom radu autori analiziraju neistražene tekstove Ante Pavelića, koji su objavljivani pod pseudonimom „Planina“ u emigrantskom glasilu Hrvatska u razdoblju od 1950. do 1957. godine. Tekstovi se fokusiraju na hladnoratovske međunarodne odnose i poziciju hrvatskog naroda u tom kontekstu. Pavelićevi tekstovi, motivirani njegovim ratnim porazom i slomom Nezavisne Države Hrvatske, često obrađuju ključne političke teme poput odnosa između SAD-a, Sovjetskog Saveza i Velike Britanije, s posebnim naglaskom na potrebi suprotstavljanja komunizmu. Pavelić izražava kritičke stavove prema pojedinim političkim grupacijama u zapadnim zemljama prikazujući ih kao odgovorne za širenje sovjetskog utjecaja. U svojim analizama Pavelić se prvenstveno fokusira na politiku Sjedinjenih Američkih Država prikazujući ih kao glavnog aktera u borbi protiv komunizma. S druge strane, Pavelićev stav prema Sovjetskom Savezu i komunističkom bloku ostaje nepokolebljivo negativan, karakteriziran strahom od globalne komunističke ekspanzije. Smatra da se komunizmu ne može vjerovati, a svaku inicijativu za mir tumači kao pokušaj prijevare i manipulacije. Pavelić promatra Jugoslaviju kroz prizmu Tita kao sovjetskog agenta koji, unatoč prividnom sukobu s Moskvom, ostaje privržen SSSR-u.The authors of this paper analyse the unexplored texts by Ante Pavelić, published under the pseudonym “Planina” (Eng. the Mountain) in the émigré journal Hrvatska, in the period from 1950 to 1957. The texts focus on international relations during the Cold War, and the position of the Croatian people in that context. Pavelić’s texts, motivated by his defeat and the collapse of the Independent State of Croatia, often address key political topics such as the relations between the USA, the Soviet Union, and Great Britain, with a special emphasis on the necessity of opposing communism. Pavelić expresses critical attitudes towards certain political groups in Western countries, portraying them as responsible for the spread of Soviet influence. In his analyses, Pavelić primarily focuses on the policy of the United States of America, portraying them as the main actor in the fight against communism. On the other hand, Pavelić’s attitude towards the Soviet Union, and the communist bloc remains decidedly negative, characterized by fear of global communist expansion. He believes that communism cannot be trusted, and interprets any initiative for peace as an attempt at deception and manipulation. Pavelić views Yugoslavia through the prism of Tito as a Soviet agent, who, despite the apparent conflict with Moscow, remains loyal to the USSR
Self-Assessment of Future Preschool Teachers’ and School Teachers’ Knowledge of the Social-Emotional Competencies of Children in Early Childhood, Preschool Children, and Primary School Children
No full textIako je ulaganje u kognitivni aspekt razvoja djeteta od iznimne važnosti (škola, dodatne edukativne aktivnosti itd.), dosadašnje istraživačke spoznaje i praksa upućuju na to da životni uspjeh djeteta u značajnoj mjeri ovisi o području socijalno-emocionalnog razvoja. Vještine socijalno- emocionalnog razvoja preduvjet su za razvoj socijalno-emocionalnih kompetencija koje se, prema CASEL konceptualizaciji (engl. Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning), odnose na skupinu sposobnosti, vještina i znanja koje su ključne za započinjanje i održavanje uzajamnih i ispunjavajućih odnosa s drugima. S obzirom na to da one predstavljaju jedan od istaknutijih razvojnih zadataka koje bi odgojitelji i učitelji trebali stimulirati u odgoju i obrazovanju djeteta, cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi samoprocjene znanja budućih odgojitelja i učitelja o socijalno-emocionalnim kompetencijama u razdoblju djetinjstva. Istraživanja su u ovom području malobrojna, a pokazalo se da socijalno-emocionalne kompetencije predstavljaju zaštitni faktor u razvoju, stoga je za potrebe ovog istraživanja koncipiran Upitnik samoprocjene znanja o socijalno-emocionalnim kompetencijama djece. Rezultati ukazuju na to da studenti izvještavaju o umjerenim razinama procjene vlastitog znanja o socijalno-emocionalnim kompetencijama te su dobivene razlike u samoprocijenjenoj razini znanja s obzirom na godinu studija. Studenti viših godina izvještavaju o većim razinama znanja u usporedbi sa studentima nižih godina. Istraživanje postojeće razine znanja u ovom području od iznimnog je značaja kako bi se, ovisno o dobivenim rezultatima, mogli formulirati visokoškolski obrazovni programi usmjereni na jačanje kompetencija budućih odgojitelja i učitelja o poticanju socijalno-emocionalnih kompetencija djece u svakodnevnoj odgojno-obrazovnoj praksi.Although investing in the cognitive aspect of a child’s development (school, additional educational activities, etc.) is of exceptional importance, existing research findings and practice indicate that a child’s life success significantly depends on the area of social-emotional development. Social-emotional development skills are a prerequisite for the development of social-emotional competencies, which, according to the CASEL conceptualization (Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning), refer to a set of abilities, skills, and knowledge essential for initiating and maintaining mutual and fulfilling relationships with others. Given that these skills represent one of the prominent developmental tasks that educators and teachers should stimulate in the upbringing and education of children, the aim of this research was to determine the self-assessments of future educators’ and teachers’ knowledge about social-emotional competencies during childhood. Research in this area is scarce, and it has been shown that social-emotional competencies represent a protective factor in development. For the purposes of this research, a Self-Assessment Questionnaire on Knowledge of Children’s Social-Emotional Competencies was developed. The results indicate that students report moderate levels of self-assessed knowledge about social-emotional competencies, with differences observed in self-assessed knowledge levels depending on the year of study. Senior students report higher levels of knowledge compared to junior students. Investigating the existing levels of knowledge in this area is of great importance to formulate higher educational programs aimed at strengthening the competencies of educators and teachers in fostering children’s social-emotional competencies in daily educational practice, based on the obtained results
Individual and Contextual Factors of Teachers and Professional Associates in the Context of Ensuring an Effective Inclusive Environment
No full textU okviru razumijevanja uloge i važnosti inkluzivnoga obrazovanja i prihvaćanja razlika, a u kontekstu ovoga istraživanja, važno je istaknuti da je navedeni diskurs usmjeren na uvažavanje i prihvaćanje razlika kao poticaja u odgojno-obrazovnome radu, a ne prepreke, uz ravnomjernu optimizaciju organizacijskih, kadrovskih, materijalnih pretpostavki za uspješnu inkluziju. Cilj je istraživanja utvrditi izraženost pojedinih dimenzija ličnosti kod učitelja i stručnih suradnika te utvrditi razinu percepcije školske klime i socijalne podrške nadređenih i ostalih kolega kod učitelja i stručnih suradnika. Socijalna interakcija i podrška u okviru ovoga istraživanja podrazumijeva važnost jasnoga pozicioniranja svakoga ključnog suradnika u organizaciju i provedbu odgojno-obrazovne inkluzije prihvaćanjem svakoga sudionika kao jednako važnoga u radu. Danas je koncept inkluzivnoga odgoja i obrazovanja u nekim zemljama temeljno načelo koje se prepoznaje u različitim modelima školovanja, a koji se neprestano vrjednuju i unaprjeđuju u smislu povećanja kvalitete cjelovite odgojno-obrazovne prakse. Osobine ličnosti, koje su dio istraživačkoga konteksta ovoga rada, prezentiraju se prikazom ekstraverzije, savjesnosti, emocionalne stabilnosti i ugodnosti. Ističe se njihova velika važnost u kontekstu provedbe obrazovne inkluzije, posebno kod nastavnika i stručnih suradnika koji su ključni dionici inkluzivnih obrazovnih politika. U istraživanju su sudjelovala ukupno 232 odgojna djelatnika (140 iz Dalmacije i 92 iz Slavonije, 145 iz redovne osnovne škole te 87 iz posebnih odgojno-obrazovnih ustanova), od čega 78 učitelja predmetne nastave, 61 učitelj razredne nastave, 55 učitelja edukacijskih rehabilitatora te 38 stručnih suradnika. Kako su rezultati istraživanja pokazali da su utvrđene statistički značajne pozitivne korelacije podrške nadređenih i kolega s inkluzivnim okruženjem te da se istovremeno nisu pokazale statistički značajne korelacije školske klime i inkluzivnoga okruženja, s visokom se tendencijom naglašava potreba za jasnom ulogom svih ključnih dionika u procesu inkluzije. Stoga je važno istaknuti da u profesionalnome razvoju učitelja i stručnih suradnika treba uzeti u obzir ne samo znanstvene i stručne kompetencije nego i osobine ličnosti koje podržavaju inkluzivne vrijednosti kao temeljan preduvjet kvalitetnoga inkluzivnog okruženja.In understanding the role and importance of accepting differences, and in the context of this research, it is important to emphasize that the aforementioned discourse is focused on appreciating and accepting differences as incentives in educational work, rather than obstacles, with a balanced optimization of organizational, personnel, and material prerequisites for successful inclusion. The aim of the research is to determine the expression of individual personality dimensions in teachers and professional associates and to determine the level of perception of the school climate and social support from superiors and other colleagues in teachers and professional associates. Social interaction and support in the context of this research implies the importance of clearly positioning each key associate in the organization and implementation of educational inclusion, accepting the importance of each stakeholder as equally important in the work. Today, the concept of inclusive education is a fundamental principle in some countries that is recognized through various models of schooling, which are constantly evaluated and improved in terms of increasing the quality of comprehensive educational practice. Personality traits that are part of the research context of this work are presented through the presentation of extraversion, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and agreeableness. They stand out as being of great importance in the context of implementing educational inclusion, especially among teachers and other educational staff who are key stakeholders in inclusive education policies. As the results of the research showed that there were statistically significant positive correlations of support from superiors and colleagues with an inclusive environment, and that at the same time no statistically significant correlations of school climate and inclusive environment were shown, the need for a clear role of all key stakeholders in the inclusion process is emphasized with a high tendency. To that extent, it is important to point out that in the professional development of teachers and professional associates, not only scientific and professional competencies should be taken into account, but also personality traits that support inclusive values as a fundamental prerequisite for a quality inclusive environment
Interkulturalnost u učionicama – uvid u interkulturalnuosjetljivost učitelja
No full textIn March 2024, a survey of intercultural sensitivity (IS) was conducted among 300 teachers from the Republic of Croatia. The adapted and translated (Jurković, 2023) Intercultural Sensitivity Scale - ISS (Chen and Starosta, 2000) was used in the research. The aim of the research was to determine the level of IS of teachers and to establish whether there is a correlation between some socio-demographic factors and the level of IS. In addition, an attempt was made to establish whether there is a difference in the level of such sensitivity with respect to the aforementioned socio-demographic factors. The results of the study indicate that the examined teachers mostly show agreement with statements reflecting a positive intercultural orientation (M=3.83; SD=.438), whereby the enjoyment of interacting with members of different cultures (M=4.22; SD=.707) was highlighted as the dimension in which respondents expressed the highest degree of agreement, and confidence in interaction with members of different cultures (M=3.58; SD=.596) as dimension with the lowest level of agreement. In addition, the correlation between teachers’ sociodemographic characteristics and IS was examined, and it was shown that attending communication courses is statistically significantly negatively correlated to the level of IS (ρ=- .139; p<.05), while the average success of students is statistically significantly positively correlated (ρ=.131; p<.05). Finally, it was checked whether there are statistically significant differences in the level of IS with regard to related sociodemographic variables. It has been shown that there is a statistically significant difference in the level of IS of teachers concerning the reported academic success of their students (F(2,282) =4.942; p<.01) in such a way that better students’ academic success also means a higher level of IS of teachers.U ožujku 2024. godine provedeno je istraživanje interkulturalne osjetljivosti među 300 učitelja iz cijele Republike Hrvatske. U istraživanju je korištena adaptirana i prevedena (Jurković, 2023) Skala interkulturalne osjetljivosti (Chen i Starosta, 2000). Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi razinu interkulturalne osjetljivosti učitelja te utvrditi postoji li povezanost nekih od sociodemografskih čimbenika s razinom interkulturalne osjetljivosti. Uz to, pokušalo se ustanoviti postoji li razlika u razini interkulturalne osjetljivosti s obzirom na spomenute sociodemografske čimbenike. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na to da ispitani učitelji iskazuju blago iznadprosječnu razinu interkulturalne osjetljivosti (M=3,83; SD=,438) pri čemu je uživanje u interakciji s pripadnicima različitih kultura (M=4,22; SD=,707) istaknuto kao najrazvijenija dimenzija ove osjetljivosti, a samopouzdanje u interakciji s pripadnicima različitih kultura (M=3,58; SD=,596) kao najslabije razvijena. Uz to, ispitana je i povezanost sociodemografskih obilježja učitelja i njihove interkulturalne osjetljivosti te se pokazalo da je pohađanje komunikacijskih tečajeva statistički značajno negativno povezano s razinom ove osjetljivosti (ρ=-,139; p<,05) dok je prosječni uspjeh učenika s njom statistički značajno pozitivno povezan (ρ=,131; p<,05). Na koncu, provjereno je i postoji li statistički značajnih razlika u razini interkulturalne osjetljivosti s obzirom na povezane sociodemografske varijable. Pokazalo se da postoji statistički značajna razlika s obzirom na školski uspjeh njihovih učenika (F(2,282)=4,942; p<,01), i to na način da je bolji učenički uspjeh povezan s višom razinom interkulturalne osjetljivosti učitelja
Povećanje organizacijske predanosti: Uloga zadovoljstva poslom u odnosu između naknade i radnog okruženja u srednjim školama
No full textIn the school context, organizational commitment greatly affects the quality of teaching, interaction between teachers and students, and overall academic progress. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the effect of compensation and work environment on organizational commitment mediated by job satisfaction in high schools in north Indonesia. This research uses quantitative methods and is analyzed using structural equation modelling partial least squares (SEM-PLS). The number of respondents in this study was 58 respondents because the target of this study was non-permanent teachers. The results of this study indicate that compensation has a positive insignificant effect on organizational commitment, compensation has a positive significant effect on job satisfaction, (3) work environment has a negative insignificant effect on organizational commitment, work environment has a positive insignificant effect on job satisfaction, job satisfaction has a significant positive effect on organizational commitment, job satisfaction mediates the relationship between compensation and organizational commitment, job satisfaction does not mediate the relationship between work environment and organizational commitment. Furthermore, future research can also conduct a comparative study with permanent teachers to ascertain the established or otherwise relationship of the research constructs.U školskom kontekstu, organizacijska predanost uvelike utječe na kvalitetu poučavanja, interakciju između nastavnika i učenika te opći akademski napredak. Svrha ovog istraživanja je ispitati i analizirati utjecaj naknade i radnog okruženja na organizacijsku predanost, posredovan zadovoljstvom poslom u srednjim školama. Ovo istraživanje koristi kvantitativne metode, a podaci su analizirani pomoću modeliranja strukturalnih jednadžbi metodom parcijalnih najmanjih kvadrata (SEM-PLS). U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 58 ispitanika iz sjeverne regije Indonezije, jer su ciljna skupina bili nastavnici s nepunim radnim vremenom. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da naknada ima pozitivan, ali statistički neznačajan učinak na organizacijsku predanost, ali da ima pozitivan i statistički značajan učinak na zadovoljstvo poslom, da radno okruženje ima negativan, ali statistički neznačajan učinak na organizacijsku predanost, ali ima pozitivan, ali statistički neznačajan učinak na zadovoljstvo poslom, zadovoljstvo poslom ima značajan pozitivan učinak na organizacijsku predanost, te posreduje odnos između naknade i organizacijske predanosti, te da zadovoljstvo poslom ne posreduje odnos između radnog okruženja i organizacijske predanosti. Buduća istraživanja mogu uključiti i komparativnu studiju sa stalno zaposlenim nastavnicima kako bi se utvrdila postojanost ili razlike u odnosima između istraživačkih uzoraka
Ecosystem services as public goods in the function of tourism in Croatian national parks
No full textZaštićena područja važna su komponenta turističkog proizvoda pa se putem turizma može promatrati ekonomska uloga zaštićenih područja. No kako su nacionalni parkovi izvorni dijelovi prirode, gospodarska uporaba njihovih resursa je zabranjena. Stoga je svrha ovoga rada analizom turističkog značaja usluga ekosustava nacionalnih parkova Hrvatske sagledati i razumjeti opravdanost toga oblika zaštite prirodnih vrijednosti. Cilj rada je pokazati ekonomsku ulogu usluga ekosustava zaštićenih područja na primjeru turističkih aktivnosti. Polazeći od definicije javnih dobara i ekosustavnog pristupa uspoređuju se usluge ekosustava koje nudi turizam u nacionalnim parkovima Hrvatske. Za potrebe rada analiziraju se i uspoređuju sekundarni podaci dostupni u planovima upravljanja odabranih zaštićenih područja o uslugama ekosustava povezanih s turizmom. CICES klasifikacijom identificiraju se i uspoređuju navedene usluge koje se zatim sagledavaju u odnosu na vrstu dobra s aspekta suparništva i isključivosti, što pridonosi razumijevanju problema upravljanja takvim dobrima. Utvrđeno je osam razreda kulturnih usluga koji se mogu povezati s aktivnostima turista u razmatranim nacionalnim parkovima poput rekreativnih aktivnosti, uživanja u krajobrazu, rezonancije s kulturnim nasljeđem područja, kao i dodatni razredi poput korištenja slikovnih materijala, kontrola erozije i zaštite od vjetra. Rezultati analize suparništva i isključivosti identificiranih usluga ekosustava upućuju na važnost upravljanja turizmom u promatranim nacionalnim parkovima.Protected areas can represent an important component of the tourism product, and through tourism, the economic role of protected areas can be observed through tourism. However, national parks represent original parts of nature, and the economic use of their resources is prohibited. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to review and understand the justification for this form of protection of natural values by analyzing the tourism significance of ecosystem services in Croatian national parks. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate the economic role of ecosystem services in protected areas using examples of tourism activities. Starting from the definition of public goods and the ecosystem approach, ecosystem services used in tourism in Croatian national parks are compared. For the purposes of the paper, secondary data available in the management plans of selected protected areas on ecosystem services related to tourism were analysed and compared in detail. The CICES classification was applied to identify and compare the aforementioned services, which are then viewed in relation to the type of good from the aspect of rivalry and exclusivity, which contributes to understanding the problems of managing such goods. Eight classes of cultural services that can be associated with tourism activities in the considered national parks were identified, such as recreational activities, enjoyment of the landscape, resonance with the cultural heritage of the area, as well as additional classes such as the use of visual materials, erosion control, and wind protection. The results of the analysis of the rivalry and exclusivity of the identified ecosystem services indicate the importance of managing tourism activities in the observed national parks
AI u odnosu na ljudsko stvaranje sadržaja na Instagramu: ishodi angažmana i percepcije potrošača
No full textThe study examines the comparative performance of human- and AI-generated content on Instagram, evaluating both engagement metrics and consumer preferences. The aim is to identify whether AI can match or exceed human content creation in terms of reach, interaction, and perceived quality. A within-subjects field experiment was conducted on an existing Instagram account with 770 followers. Twenty-four single-image culinary posts (12 human-created, 12 AI-generated) were published in alternating order. Engagement data were collected via Instagram Insights and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Two Instagram Story surveys were conducted to identify which post elements (image, caption, recipe) most influenced engagement. Results showed that AI generated content has the potential to generate similar outcomes in terms of likes, comments, shares, saves, reach, impressions, engagement rate, or engagement score. Human content generated more comments and hashtag impressions, while AI content achieved greater profile visits and higher reach among non-followers. Survey findings indicated that visuals were the most important driver of engagement (64%), followed by recipe/information (26%) and captions (10%). Consumers preferred human visuals and recipes, but AI captions were more appealing. These results suggest complementary strengths, with implications for hybrid content strategies. The study was limited to a single Instagram account in the culinary niche, using static image posts. Results may not be generalized to other industries, platforms, or content formats. Potential platform effects, such as shadow banning, and limitations of the AI tool in generating certain dishes may also have influenced outcomes. Future research should test across industries, platforms, and content formats to explore long-term impacts of AI in content creation.U radu se istražuje usporedna učinkovitost sadržaja nastalog kao rezultat ljudskog stvaranja i sadržaja generiranog pomoću AI na Instagramu, fokusirajući se na metrike angažmana i preferencije potrošača. Cilj je utvrditi može li AI izjednačiti ili nadmašiti ljudsko stvaranje sadržaja u pogledu dosega, interakcije i percipirane kvalitete. Provedeno je istraživanje na Instagram računu s 770 pratitelja. Ukupno je objavljeno dvanaest postova s jednom slikom (12 ljudski stvoreno, 12 generirano pomoću AI) u izmjeničnom slijedu. Podaci o angažmanu prikupljeni su putem Instagram Insights-a i analizirani pomoću Mann-Whitney U testa. Osim toga, provedene su dvije ankete putem Instagram Storyja kako bi se utvrdilo koji su elementi postova (slika, opis, recept) imali najznačajniji utjecaj na angažman. Rezultati su pokazali da sadržaj generiran pomoću AI može proizvesti usporedive rezultate u pogledu lajkova, komentara, dijeljenja, spremanja, dosega, impresija, stope angažmana i rezultata angažmana. Sadržaj stvoren ljudskim stvaranjem izazvao je više komentara i impresija hashtagova, dok je sadržaj generiran pomoću AI rezultirao većim brojem posjeta profilu i većim dosegom među osobama koje nisu pratitelji. Rezultati anketa pokazali su da su vizualni prikazi bili glavni faktor koji je pokretao angažman sa 64%, slijedeći recept/informacije s 26% i opisi s 10%. Potrošači su pokazali veću preferenciju prema ljudskim vizualnim prikazima i receptima, iako su opisi generirani pomoću AI bili privlačniji. Ovi rezultati sugeriraju komplementarne rezultate, što ima utjecaja na strategije sadržaja. Važno je napomenuti da je istraživanje bilo ograničena na jedan Instagram račun unutar kulinarske niše, koristeći statične postove sa slikama. Stoga rezultati možda nisu primjenjivi na druge industrije, platforme ili formate sadržaja. Također, mogući učinci platforme, poput shadow banning-a, zajedno s ograničenjima AI alata u generiranju specifičnih jela, mogli su utjecati na rezultate. Buduća istraživanja trebala bi ispitati različite industrije, platforme i formate sadržaja kako bi istražila dugoročne učinke AI u stvaranju sadržaja
Europe’s Compass: Flight Discourse and Mediterraneanism in Contemporary Novels
No full textMediterranismus – als „anderes Kap” (Derrida) Europas an seinersüdlichen Peripherie, welches „das Andere negiert und zugleich integriert”(Tomislav Zelić) – taucht in der Gegenwartsliteratur in literarischenFlüchtlingsgeschichten auf. Dieser Essay skizziert am Beispielvon Bodo Kirchhoffs „Novelle“ „Widerfahrnis“ (2016) und MathiasÉnards Romanen „Erzähl ihnen von Schlachten, Königen und Elefanten“(2010/2013) und „Straße der Diebe“ (2012/2013) einige Schwerpunkteder Erforschung des Mittelmeers als erzählter Passage zwischenden Kontinenten, als Kampfplatz der Kulturen, als heterotopischerOrt und als politischer Brennpunkt der aktuellen Flüchtlingstragödie.Mediterranneanism – as an “other heading” of Europe at its southernperipheries, including and fending off the other (according to TomislavZelic) – is a new topic in contemporary literary works on refugees. Thisessay draws some lines of research, focussing on the MediterraneanSea as a narrated passage between the continents, an area of a clashof cultures, a heterotopic space, and a political hotspot of flight tragediesin Bodo Kirchhoff’s “Novelle“ Widerfahrnis (2016) and MathiasÉnard’s novels “Erzähl ihnen von Schlachten, Königen und Elefanten”(2010/2013) and “Straße der Diebe” (2012/2013)
Linguistic concepts of politeness. A contrastive study between the Macedonian students of German and German native speakers
No full textDer Sprecher muss sich in jeder Sprachsituation entscheiden, welchevorhandenen, höflichkeitsanzeigenden Mittel auszuwählen sind. Ermacht dies unter Verwendung seines Wissens über soziale Beziehungenund Konventionen und daher ist Höflichkeit auch ein pragmatischesPhänomen. Dass Indirektheit und Nichtwörtlichkeit reale Phänomeneder Sprachverwendung sind, bezweifelt kaum jemand. Wie sie aberim Rahmen einer umfassenden Theorie der Grammatik und Pragmatikzu rekonstruieren sind, ist sehr umstritten und hängt im groβenMaβe von der jeweils zugrundegelegten Theorie ab. Wir versuchen indiesem Beitrag zu erklären, wie die Höflichkeitsformen im SprachpaarDeutsch-Mazedonisch ausgedrückt werden und welche kulturellen undsoziopragmatischen Unterschiede in diesem Sprachpaar bestehen.The speaker, in each language situation, must decide which existing, politeness-indicating tools are to be selected. He/she does it by using his/herown knowledge of social relationships and conventions and therefore politenessis a pragmatic phenomenon as well. Hardly anyone doubts thatthe indirectness is a real phenomenon of the language use. However, howthey are to be reconstructed within the framework of a comprehensive theoryof grammar and pragmatics is very controversial and largely dependson the underlying theories. In this article, we try to explain how the politenessforms are expressed in the German-Macedonian language pair andwhich cultural and socio-pragmatic differences exist in these languages