Ulum Islamiyyah - The Malaysian journal of Islamic sciences
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Covid-19 Decision Making Intelligence during Disasters Management
Full text linkAs the coronavirus (COVID-19) spreads from China to neighbouring areas and beyond, increased national and international efforts are underway to contain the epidemic. Humanity is increasingly confronted with a diverse array of man-made and natural disasters. While emergency circumstances cannot be avoided, they may be managed more efficiently. Effective emergency management requires thorough planning, informed reaction, and well-coordinated actions throughout the emergency management life cycle. According to the literature, data-driven emergency management information systems that are well-integrated help in disaster management operations. Recent advances in molecular and computational techniques, as well as in information and communication technologies (ICTs), artificial intelligence (AI), and Big Data, can assist in managing the massive, unprecedented amount of data generated by public health surveillance, real-time epidemic outbreak monitoring, trend nowcasting/forecasting, routine situation briefing and updating from governmental institutions and organisms, and health facility utilisation. This study could be tailored to assist organisations in adapting to their new normal
Peranan Sains Kimia dalam Melaksanakan Maqasid Syariah Semasa Pandemik.: [The Role of Chemical Science in Implementing Maqasid Syariah During Pandemic]
Full text linkThe world statistic on infection and death toll due to Covid-19 pandemic already reach 218 million and 4.5 million cases, respectively. In Malaysia alone, the number of death exceeding 16 thousands cases whereas infection case approaching 1.8 million cases. Proactive measures taken by Malaysia government which is inline with Maqasid al-Shariah and seerah of Rasulullah saw has successfully break the infection chain of Covid-19 up to 1 digit during the first phase of the pandemic. The use of soap and hand pensanitasi are very effective in preventing the infection of Covid-19 virus. These disinfection methods are considered as the main contribution of chemical sciences discipline in the implementation of Maqasid al-Shariah during this pandemic through the preservation of life. This presentation is relating the three dimensions ‘Covid 19 Virus-Chemical Sciences-Maqasid al-Shariah’ which producing a new synergy to prevent the spreading of the virus.
Abstrak
Statistik jangkitan dan kematian disebabkan pandemik Covid-19 di seluruh dunia telah mencapai angka 218 juta dan 4.5 juta kes, masing-masingnya. Di Malaysia sendiri angka kematian telah melampaui 16 ribu manakala kes jangkitan menghampiri 1.8 juta kes. Langkah proaktif oleh kerajaan Malaysia yang seiring dengan pendekatan Maqasid Syariah dan seerah Rasulullah saw telah berjaya memutuskan rangkaian Covid-19 sehingga ke tahap 1 digit semasa fasa pertama pandemik. Penggunaan sabun dan pensanitasi tangan (hand pensanitasi) merupakan kaedah yang sangat berkesan untuk mengelakkan jangkitan virus Covid-19. Kaedah nyahkuman ini dilihat sebagai sumbangan bidang sains kimia yang signifikan dalam pelaksanaan Maqasid Syariah di musim pandemik ini untuk memelihara nyawa. Pembentangan ini menghubungkaitkan tiga dimensi iaitu ‘Virus Covid19-Sains Kimia-Maqasid Syariah’ yang menghasilkan satu sinergi baru untuk mengekang pemerebakan virus ini
Psychoreligio-Spiritual Dimension of and Cultural Misperception on Sadness: Implication for Mental Health Anti-Stigma Promotion
Full text linkIntroduction: Sadness is globally regarded as an undesirable emotion. Islamically speaking, there is a misperception where it is latently ingrained as a proscribed emotion. Ironically, it was purposely mentioned in the Qur’anic verse that narrated the historical moment right before the first humans in Islam: Adam and his wife, Eve (Ḥawwā’) were Ordained by Allah to descend on the Earth (Q2: 38). This study supports Islamically integrated psychotherapeutic mental health service to Muslims. It answers the call of underrepresented by academics of Islamic Studies in Islamicizing Psychology, as it is a social duty (farḍ al-kifāyah) to add up resource to Islamic psychotherapeutic practice. Methods: Since it is dealing with the Holy Qur’an, the Qur’anic Thematic Exegetical Analysis (al-Tafsīr al-Mawḍuᶜi) method was applied to verify whether it is proscribed as widely accepted. The selected keyword: ‘sadness’ (Ar. Al-ḥuzn) were searched throughout the Holy Qur’an. Methodically, the proscribed rulings usually originated from negating expression linguistically: the don’ts. So, only the Qur’anic verse with the word ‘lā’ were selected for analysis. Their English translation was from ‘The Qur’an: A New Translation - Oxford World’s Classic (2nd ed.)’ by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Abdel Saied Abdel Haleem, and exegesis was extracted from the Al-Qurtubi’s Exegesis (Tafsīr al-Qurtubī). Results: The analysis showed that there are two (2) categories of the negative expression: (1) denial: “you will not be continuously sad” and (2) negative imperative: “do not be sad!”. The first category does not proscribe rulings jurisprudentially, but the second category does fundamentally. But when adjusted with the style of language used (al-uslūb) and the context of each Qur’anic verse; there is no straightforward proscriptive ruling for being sad. Instead, every verse is persuasively comforting like in a counselling. Conclusion: Therefore, interwoven understanding should be bridged among the linguistics and translation of the Arabic language, Qur’anic revealed knowledge for Islamic preaching, healthcare practice and the laity’s common perception and experience of sadness in reality to eliminate the misperception of the negative imperative: ‘do not be sad!’. It should be straightened to prevent it being a source for negative religious coping because it is a strong predictor of negative health outcomes
The Contentious Management of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma with Acute Airway Obstruction during COVID-19 Pandemic
Full text linkThere are many important concerns and issues raised in managing acute airway obstruction cases with regards to the current COVID-19 pandemic. As a further matter, a patient with a huge thyroid mass in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) presenting with impending airway obstruction poses treatment challenges, as immediate active intervention is necessary despite the risk of spreading of COVID-19 viruses. The unknown status of COVID-19 of the patient will add additional concerns during active assessment and treatment as patients with this undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma commonly deteriorate fast. This carcinoma may also invade the trachea and result in upper airway obstruction leading to a fatal outcome. Therefore, an appropriate treatment strategy is essential. This report highlights a case of an ATC patient who presented with diffuse cemented-hard anterior neck, whereby the whole management of ATC with acute airway obstruction during this COVID-19 pandemic is purely contentious and challenging. The issue of providing artificial ventilation either via intubation or tracheostomy is made more complicated as the patient presents with an acute upper airway obstruction whilst the COVID-19 status is unknown. While endotracheal intubation approach was not easy, the trachea was also difficult to be identified externally due to the huge ‘cemented-hard’ mass plastered over the compressed trachea. Due to the advanced disease, surgical intervention was not an option
Compliance of Dental Staff and Students to Dental Guideline amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Institutional Analysis
Full text linkCOVID-19 can be transferred via aerosols. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, dental practitioners, supporting clinical staff and clinical-year dental students are directly exposed to aerosols produced during dental treatment. Thus, the Faculty of Dentistry of Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) developed dental guidelines that included a standard operating procedure for clinical settings. This study aimed to assess the adherence of clinical staff and students to dental guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic and investigate the nature and extent of difficulties encountered by the faculty members in complying with the guidelines. The dental guidelines were explained to all faculty members, and then an audit form was developed on the basis of the guidelines. A series of clinical audits was conducted on a weekly basis. Afterwards, a survey was conducted to investigate any problems faced by dental clinical staff and students in terms of complying with the guidelines. The percentage of noncompliance to wearing goggles and face shields during dental procedures was 7.1% and 2.1%, respectively. Amongst 128 respondents, 84.1% reported unclear vision due to the fogging of the goggles, whereas 45.2% reported blurred vision when goggles and face shields were worn together. Moreover, approximately 30.2% of the respondents claimed that KN95 masks contribute to difficulty in breathing. Nevertheless, most of the dental clinical staff and students were compliant to the dental guidelines. Noncompliance was mainly caused by the fogging issue when wearing goggles. Thus, this issue should be tackled to prevent the impairment of treatment quality
Viral Load, Detection Rate and Sensitivity of Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal Swab Sampling for Diagnosis of COVID-19
Full text linkThe rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a major public health crisis. Accurate screening methods for COVID-19 infection is essential and crucial for case detection, isolation, prevention and control of the current pandemic. At present, nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs are typically used as the method of choice for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We carried out a review on the accuracy of the two different sampling sites, the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab sampling, focusing on the viral load, detection of positive cases and sensitivity in real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay in diagnosing COVID-19. A total of 25 articles related to the topic were selected out of 5221 articles searched online using Scopus, PubMed and Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Google scholar with the keywords COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, nasopharyngeal swab, oropharyngeal swab, nasal swab and throat swab. All full text original articles were obtained and reviewed. Nasopharyngeal swab had significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 load than oropharyngeal swab (mean Ct value ranging from 24.3-37.8, higher detection of positive rate (highest rate 62.5%) and sensitivity (highest sensitivity 98.3%, P<0.05) in RT-PCR assay compared to oropharyngeal swab. Based on the scientific literature review, both nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were reported to have 30% probability of yielding false negative results; thus clinically suspicious patients with negative results should be viewed with concern. In conclusion, although several methods of COVID-19 screening and type of specimen are available, nasopharyngeal swab is the best option for large scale screening as it yields significantly higher viral load, higher detection of positive rate among cases and higher sensitivity in RT-PCR assay compared to oropharyngeal swab in detecting SARS-CoV-2
دلائل العدل والإحسان في العقوبات الشرعية: [The Principles of Justice & Benevolence (Ihsan) in Islamic Penalties’ Jurisprudence]
No full textJustice and benevolence are not merely two values, but two sublime ends to which great Islam gave special attention in rooting their rules and principles: and detailing them especially in penalties’ jurisprudence. Accordingly, this article identified and revealed a number of rules and principles with which the penalties’ jurisprudence deals a number of axes which basically revolve around defining the penalty, applying the penalty only to the offender, not applying the penalty on mere heart’s intention, making it equally applicable for all people, ensuring that all elements of the offence/crime are there, not to mention the true Islamic perspective for humans, and its regard for the sanctity of human life in protecting it and not scandalizing it.
 
Risk and Protecting Factors of Cyberbullying in Malaysia: A Comparative Analysis
Full text linkTechnology communication allowed the increased number of users over the internet. Each user is able to communicate with each other’s via mobile phone, notebook and any platform as long as connected with the internet. Therefore, they do not have to use a physical interaction while communicating. However, the development of applications such as Facebook, Telegram, WhatsApp etc. resulted in positive and negative effects for victims, Perpetrators, Parents and Stakeholders. This leaves a gap that needs to be addressed since there is a limited model that explains how to prevent cyberbullying. This study aims to identify the risk factor and protecting factor used in cyberbullying. Methodology: This study was conducted using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Thus, this study provides a gap of study for existing work of cyberbullying for risk factors that contribute to cyberbullying and analyse the protection factor of cyberbullying. Based on this study, we found that communication skills, parental involvement and law enforcement are a necessity to reduce the number of cyberbullying in Malaysia
Pemahaman Ibubapa Terhadap Mesej Kempen Pendidikan Amalan Kebersihan dan Penjagaan Kesihatan Anak-Anak Semasa Pandemik COVID-19: [Parents\u27 Understanding regarding the Message of Children\u27s Hygiene and Health Care Education Campaign During the COVID-19 Pandemic]
Full text linkIn the year 2020, the whole world has been affected by the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, which has affected all sectors and with the cultivating of new norms has also been applied in our daily life. As a result, the Health Education Division, MOH has released various information, education and communication materials in the form of print and electronic media to the public to provide information, awareness, and educate the public to always be sensitive toward the culture of new norms. This study wanted to look at parents ’understanding of the message regarding children’s hygiene and health care practice education campaigns during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a qualitative approach that is in-depth interviews with 15 parents by purposive sampling. Then this study uses thematic analysis by selecting three main themes namely Health Knowledge, Health Management Skills and Health Determination. The concept of Health Literacy with three different levels, the first level is functional literacy, the second level is interactive health literacy, and the third level is critical literacy used in this study. Overall, it can be seen that parents have a deep understanding of hygiene and health care practice education that has been recommended by the MOH. 3S and 3W practices have always been a staple of parents in educating children to always be sensitive towards the COVID-19 virus prevention measures. Parents also have a high health literacy in seeking information, evaluating and subsequently applying the information in daily life.
Abstrak
Pada tahun 2020 seluruh dunia telah terkesan dengan penularan wabak COVID-19, yang telah memberi kesan kepada semua sektor dan pembudayaan norma baharu juga turut diterapkan dalam kehidupan seharian. Rentetan daripada itu Bahagian Pendidikan Kesihatan, KKM telah mengeluarkan pelbagai informasi, pendidikan dan bahan komunikasi dalam bentuk media cetak dan elektronik kepada orang awam bagi memberi informasi, kesedaran, dan mendidik orang awam agar sentiasa peka dengan pembudayaan norma baharu. Kajian ini ingin melihat pemahaman ibubapa terhadap mesej kempen pendidikan amalan kebersihan dan penjagaan kesihatan anak-anak semasa pandemik COVID-19. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif iaitu temu bual mendalam ke atas 15 orang ibubapa secara persampelan bertujuan. Kemudian kajian ini menggunakan analisis tematik dengan memilih tiga tema utama iaitu Pengetahuan Kesihatan, Kemahiran Pengendalian Kesihatan dan Penentuan Kesihatan. Konsep Literasi Kesihatan (Health Literacy) menggariskan tiga tahap yang berbeza iaitu tahap pertama ialah fungsi literasi, tahap kedua literasi kesihatan interaktif, dan tahap ketiga adalah literasi kritikal di aplikasikan dalam kajian ini. Secara keseluruhannya, dapat dilihat bahawa ibubapa mempunyai pemahaman yang mendalam terhadap pendidikan amalan kebersihan dan penjagaan kesihatan yang telah di sarankan oleh KKM. Amalan 3S dan 3W sentiasa menjadi pegangang ibubapa dalam mendidik anak-anak agar sentiasa peka terhadap langkah-langkah pencegahan virus COVID-19. Ibubapa juga mempunyai literasi kesihatan yang tinggi dalam pencarian maklumat, menilai dan seterusnya mengaplikasikan maklumat dalam kehidupan seharian
COVID-19: Pushing the Limits of Time Series Big Data
Full text linkIn Malaysia, the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first detected on 25th January and has been spreading massively and reported to have reached more than 20,000 new cases per day from July to August 2021. COVID-19 data is voluminous describing the pandemic trend around the globe. How does Big Data help decision-makers understand the pandemic behaviour which is very crucial in responding to the situation? How do data analytics on the COVID-19 spreading pattern which is time-series in nature may provide insight into the situation that may lead to a better response through forecasting future trends? This paper aims to explain the concept of Big Data and its applications that demonstrates its potential for responding to the pandemic. COVID-19 data analytic is proposed using sliding window time-series forecasting method and demonstrated using data from 25th January until 10th October 2020 obtained from the Malaysian Ministry of Health and Department of Statistics Malaysia website. The data analytics demonstrated the value gain for useful insights