Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
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„Порта Македонија”, од псевдокласицизам до споменик на културата, од политичка ритуализација до граѓанска демистификација
Get PDFIn this paper, we are considering the social aspects of the object “Porta Macedonia” as a part of the project “Skopje 2014”, its political and cultural meanings, its symbolic aspects and its reflection on identity policies in contemporary Macedonia. We read buildings and monuments of “Skopje 2014” project as texts, interpret them as symbols recognizing as signs of multilayered ideas and interpretations of the nation under strong political patronage. The text shows how a monument in a very short period creates multiple layers of symbolism which, depending on social contexts, can be read in different ways.In this paper, we are considering the social aspects of the object “Porta Macedonia” as a part of the project “Skopje 2014”, its political and cultural meanings, its symbolic aspects and its reflection on identity policies in contemporary Macedonia. We read buildings and monuments of “Skopje 2014” project as texts, interpret them as symbols recognizing as signs of multilayered ideas and interpretations of the nation under strong political patronage. The text shows how a monument in a very short period creates multiple layers of symbolism which, depending on social contexts, can be read in different ways
The Holocaust in Slovak Drama
Get PDFThe article discusses several Slovak plays with the theme of the Holocaust; namely Ticho (Silence) by Juraj Váh, Holokaust (Holocaust) by Viliam Klimáček, and Rabínka (The Woman Rabbi) by Anna Grusková. It also briefly refers to Návrat do života (Return to Life) and Antigona a tí druhí (Antigone and Those Others) by Peter Karvaš, both mediating traumas from concentration camps. Two plays (Ticho and Návrat do života) were written and staged immediately after the Second World War. Karvaš’s Antigona is a rare occurrence of the theme in Slovak drama during the Communism (in the early 1960s), whereas Klimáček’s and Grusková’s plays are recent, both staged in 2012. The article focuses on several aspects of these five plays: on dramatic characters representing “victims”, “witnesses” and “culprits” (Panas, quoted in Gawliński 2007: 19); on references about and/or representation of the Holocaust in dramatic texts; and on the type of the conflict(s) in the plays. It also mentions specific approaches of respective authors when dealing with the theme of the Holocaust, as well as with the relevance of their reflection of the theme for Slovak society in respective periods.The article discusses several Slovak plays with the theme of the Holocaust; namely Ticho (Silence) by Juraj Váh, Holokaust (Holocaust) by Viliam Klimáček, and Rabínka (The Woman Rabbi) by Anna Grusková. It also briefly refers to Návrat do života (Return to Life) and Antigona a tí druhí (Antigone and Those Others) by Peter Karvaš, both mediating traumas from concentration camps. Two plays (Ticho and Návrat do života) were written and staged immediately after the Second World War. Karvaš’s Antigona is a rare occurrence of the theme in Slovak drama during the Communism (in the early 1960s), whereas Klimáček’s and Grusková’s plays are recent, both staged in 2012. The article focuses on several aspects of these five plays: on dramatic characters representing “victims”, “witnesses” and “culprits” (Panas, quoted in Gawliński 2007: 19); on references about and/or representation of the Holocaust in dramatic texts; and on the type of the conflict(s) in the plays. It also mentions specific approaches of respective authors when dealing with the theme of the Holocaust, as well as with the relevance of their reflection of the theme for Slovak society in respective period
Функция и семантика удвоенных форм в повестях Н.В. Гоголя Старосветские помещики, Страшная месть и Нос
Get PDFIn this study, we are trying to connect the J. Tynjanov’s theory of the constructive principle of the genre with the M.M. Bahtin’s theory of genre memory, through the analysis of Gogol’s stories Old World Landowners materials A Terrible Vengeance and The Nose. This research is primarily focused on the meaning and the function of their double structure. Double structure principle reflects in levels of genre, in levels of the speech, in levels of chronotope, as well as in literary heroes motivation. Doubling reality and characters that are in the narrative world of Gogol is often transmitted using a mirror, a Double, a dream or a vision, showing, in fact, the inconvenience that every man feels when confronted not only with his „I”, but also when he attempts to explain himself through Others, see himself in someone else’s soul. A symbolic expression of this internal state occurs in a similar manner, using similar concepts and ideas, double structures which it is advisable to bind together the idea and its realization.In this study, we are trying to connect the J. Tynjanov’s theory of the constructive principle of the genre with the M.M. Bahtin’s theory of genre memory, through the analysis of Gogol’s stories Old World Landowners materials A Terrible Vengeance and The Nose. This research is primarily focused on the meaning and the function of their double structure. Double structure principle reflects in levels of genre, in levels of the speech, in levels of chronotope, as well as in literary heroes motivation. Doubling reality and characters that are in the narrative world of Gogol is often transmitted using a mirror, a Double, a dream or a vision, showing, in fact, the inconvenience that every man feels when confronted not only with his „I”, but also when he attempts to explain himself through Others, see himself in someone else’s soul. A symbolic expression of this internal state occurs in a similar manner, using similar concepts and ideas, double structures which it is advisable to bind together the idea and its realization
Сликар и његов двојник у стваралаштву Катарине Радојловић
Get PDFThe painting of Katarina Radojlovic1 , gone too soon as it happens too often in life, carries inherently and by its nature the autobiographical features that do not allow factual interpretations and anecdotal storytelling. Furthermore, the painter’s need to touch the “impersonal” without losing her own identity, however paradoxical it may sound, makes difficult any attempt to classify or rank her artistic opus within the existing courses of the contemporary Serbian art scene. After all, what’s the point of classification since during the process of creating the author was crystal clear about her painting being first and foremost cosa mentale. It is actually a form of searching for her, dealing with loneliness and meaningless in an effort to rediscover the meaning of reality via work of art that will by its own standards seek to establish a relationship between form and function of visual expression. This effort, we would say, is quite clearly to be identified in the last cycles of her artistic opus: Theatre of Shadows, Moonlight Stories and Imprint of a Shadow.The painting of Katarina Radojlovic1 , gone too soon as it happens too often in life, carries inherently and by its nature the autobiographical features that do not allow factual interpretations and anecdotal storytelling. Furthermore, the painter’s need to touch the “impersonal” without losing her own identity, however paradoxical it may sound, makes difficult any attempt to classify or rank her artistic opus within the existing courses of the contemporary Serbian art scene. After all, what’s the point of classification since during the process of creating the author was crystal clear about her painting being first and foremost cosa mentale. It is actually a form of searching for her, dealing with loneliness and meaningless in an effort to rediscover the meaning of reality via work of art that will by its own standards seek to establish a relationship between form and function of visual expression. This effort, we would say, is quite clearly to be identified in the last cycles of her artistic opus: Theatre of Shadows, Moonlight Stories and Imprint of a Shadow
„Tag ěto viřísení”. O formách a funkcích grafických jazykových prostředků
Get PDFNormally, the sequences of graphic language devices function as “building material” for morphemes and words. Nevertheless, these sequences sometimes (especially in literary texts) occur in defamiliarized forms. The paper describes how the defamiliarized sequences of graphic devices are used in several texts written by Czech authors and how they can be interpreted by recipients. A specific way of use of graphic devices can represent the intellectual level of a character, evocate the course of spoken utterances, reveal the conventionality of orthographic rules, etc.Normally, the sequences of graphic language devices function as “building material” for morphemes and words. Nevertheless, these sequences sometimes (especially in literary texts) occur in defamiliarized forms. The paper describes how the defamiliarized sequences of graphic devices are used in several texts written by Czech authors and how they can be interpreted by recipients. A specific way of use of graphic devices can represent the intellectual level of a character, evocate the course of spoken utterances, reveal the conventionality of orthographic rules, etc
Yelling into the Silence and its Echos. Czech Shoah Poetry Written till 1960s and its Reception
Get PDFThe literary reflection of the Shoah in Czech war and post-war poetry is very limited. Only a few non-Jewish poets have ever returned to thistheme (e.g. František Halas,Jiří Kolář,Jaroslav Seifert, Jan Skácel, Karel Křepelka, Radek Malý). Additionally, literary “testaments” of Jewish authors (Karel Fleischmann, Pavel Friedmann etc.) resulted in only two collections of poems entirely dedicated to the suffering of the Jews during the Nazi oppression (Ota Reich and Michal Flach). On the other hand, there are several books of poetry about Lidice and suffering of the Czech people during the World War II by Viktor Fischl, Karel Šiktanc, Libuše Hájková, Miloš Vacík and others. After the war there were only Jaroslav Seifert and Jiří Kolář among well-known poets who refered to the Shoah in a more significant way. Seifert created a figure of a Jewish girl, Hendele, in his collection of poems Koncert na ostrově (Concert on the Island), which develops the literary narration of the Shoah. Jiří Kolář referred to the Shoah repeatedly, however, he only had a limited chance to publish his work. As a result of this fact, the reception of Czech post-war poetry about the Shoah is almost absent. In my article, I concentrated on some reviewers’ remarks that have already been published since the war-time and other reflections of this kind such as editions of books by Jiří Orten, Hanuš Bonn, Jiří Daniel. A hypothetical reaction on the Shoah verses by Pick’s cabaret audience or Halas’s anonymous poetic obituary paying tribute to Jiří Orten are rather specific sorts of reception. The critical reflection of Kolář’s work in the context of the mass murder commited during the WW II is exceptional. However, the specific motifs of the Shoah were significantly focused on only in recent years by three foreign reviewers (Leszek Engelking, Hanna Marciniak and Anja Golebiowski). Czech Shoah poems printed or reprinted in Jewish periodicals (e.g. annual “Židovská ročenka”, published since 1954) represent a commemorative function, even though sometimes with informative commentaries. They miss any analytical aspect.The literary reflection of the Shoah in Czech war and post-war poetry is very limited. Only a few non-Jewish poets have ever returned to thistheme (e.g. František Halas,Jiří Kolář,Jaroslav Seifert, Jan Skácel, Karel Křepelka, Radek Malý). Additionally, literary “testaments” of Jewish authors (Karel Fleischmann, Pavel Friedmann etc.) resulted in only two collections of poems entirely dedicated to the suffering of the Jews during the Nazi oppression (Ota Reich and Michal Flach). On the other hand, there are several books of poetry about Lidice and suffering of the Czech people during the World War II by Viktor Fischl, Karel Šiktanc, Libuše Hájková, Miloš Vacík and others. After the war there were only Jaroslav Seifert and Jiří Kolář among well-known poets who refered to the Shoah in a more significant way. Seifert created a figure of a Jewish girl, Hendele, in his collection of poems Koncert na ostrově (Concert on the Island), which develops the literary narration of the Shoah. Jiří Kolář referred to the Shoah repeatedly, however, he only had a limited chance to publish his work. As a result of this fact, the reception of Czech post-war poetry about the Shoah is almost absent. In my article, I concentrated on some reviewers’ remarks that have already been published since the war-time and other reflections of this kind such as editions of books by Jiří Orten, Hanuš Bonn, Jiří Daniel. A hypothetical reaction on the Shoah verses by Pick’s cabaret audience or Halas’s anonymous poetic obituary paying tribute to Jiří Orten are rather specific sorts of reception. The critical reflection of Kolář’s work in the context of the mass murder commited during the WW II is exceptional. However, the specific motifs of the Shoah were significantly focused on only in recent years by three foreign reviewers (Leszek Engelking, Hanna Marciniak and Anja Golebiowski). Czech Shoah poems printed or reprinted in Jewish periodicals (e.g. annual “Židovská ročenka”, published since 1954) represent a commemorative function, even though sometimes with informative commentaries. They miss any analytical aspect
Postmodernistyczne wymazywanie Zagłady (Raymond Federman, Georges Perec, Anatol Ulman)
Get PDFThe article presents three strategies elaborated in the seventies of the last century by the postmodern prose, in order to tell us about the genocide. To name these strategies, the authoress makes use of the terms of blurring, patch, and “sous rapture”, which serve discussing Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman, W, or the Memory of the Childhood by Georges Perec, and Cigi de Montbazon by Anatol Ulman. The essential part in the discussion on the genocide is the reception of the above mentioned novels reconstructed among others on the base of works by Susan Rubin Suleiman along with her conception of the “1.5 generation”. The article also aims at a presentation of the interference between Cigi de Montbazon and European postmodernism exposed in Brian McHaleʼs idea of “worlds under erasure”. It is worth adding that the indicated presentation has not been yet considered.The article presents three strategies elaborated in the seventies of the last century by the postmodern prose, in order to tell us about the genocide. To name these strategies, the authoress makes use of the terms of blurring, patch, and “sous rapture”, which serve discussing Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman, W, or the Memory of the Childhood by Georges Perec, and Cigi de Montbazon by Anatol Ulman. The essential part in the discussion on the genocide is the reception of the above mentioned novels reconstructed among others on the base of works by Susan Rubin Suleiman along with her conception of the “1.5 generation”. The article also aims at a presentation of the interference between Cigi de Montbazon and European postmodernism exposed in Brian McHaleʼs idea of “worlds under erasure”. It is worth adding that the indicated presentation has not been yet considered
Living in the Corpse. Functions of Tuberculosis and Forms of Its Representation in Croatian Literature and Culture in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century
Get PDFIn the second half of the 19th century, social development based on science, technological innovation, rationalism and capitalist economy presents itself as full of promise insofar as it proclaims the upcoming progress of civilization. The downside of this process is the increase in crime, massive neurosis, various forms of moral disorder, and the epidemics of somatic diseases such as tuberculosis and syphilis. Consequently, the perception of the new generation as degenerate is actually the way to articulate anxiety in the culture of the time. Croatian literature at the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century frequently refers to illness, bodies burdened by drives, and to sick, tense or perverted minds. The paper, therefore, reads tuberculosis as a metaphor for the discontent and fear that permeate the contemporary Croatian society due to, for instance, the failure of the traditional concept of identity, changed gender roles, frequent sexual transgressions, increased mortality and generally due to the inefficiency of modernization processes in solving numerous social problems and crises.In the second half of the 19th century, social development based on science, technological innovation, rationalism and capitalist economy presents itself as full of promise insofar as it proclaims the upcoming progress of civilization. The downside of this process is the increase in crime, massive neurosis, various forms of moral disorder, and the epidemics of somatic diseases such as tuberculosis and syphilis. Consequently, the perception of the new generation as degenerate is actually the way to articulate anxiety in the culture of the time. Croatian literature at the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century frequently refers to illness, bodies burdened by drives, and to sick, tense or perverted minds. The paper, therefore, reads tuberculosis as a metaphor for the discontent and fear that permeate the contemporary Croatian society due to, for instance, the failure of the traditional concept of identity, changed gender roles, frequent sexual transgressions, increased mortality and generally due to the inefficiency of modernization processes in solving numerous social problems and crises
Kuća sećanja i zaborava Filipa Davida: književnost, pamćenje i smrt
Get PDFThe aim of this paper, is to determine the status of the Holocaust themes in contemporary Serbian literature. Philip David’s novel House of memories and oblivion contains resonances of the civilization after World War II considering the fate of Jewish people in this war. The attempt to highlight the work and the way of Western civilization to define itself in respect of the Holocaust was made. David’s novel is an example of a literary text which tests the boundaries of narrative regarding life of those who survived the Holocaust and tryed to find their identity. Literary discourse also allows to search for the truth about the crime in the gaps of the symbolic order of our world.The aim of this paper, is to determine the status of the Holocaust themes in contemporary Serbian literature. Philip David’s novel House of memories and oblivion contains resonances of the civilization after World War II considering the fate of Jewish people in this war. The attempt to highlight the work and the way of Western civilization to define itself in respect of the Holocaust was made. David’s novel is an example of a literary text which tests the boundaries of narrative regarding life of those who survived the Holocaust and tryed to find their identity. Literary discourse also allows to search for the truth about the crime in the gaps of the symbolic order of our world
