Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
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Poszerzanie granic wolności – opozycja demokratyczna w Czechosłowacji w latach 1978–1989 a inspiracja myślą Jana Pawła II
No full textThe Czech democratic opposition from the mid-1970s until the Velvet Revolution was a unique phenomenon in Central Europe. One of its defining features was its ability to bring together diverse groups. It sought ways to broaden both external and internal freedoms. The election of Karol Wojtyła as pope on 16 October 1978 was among the events that gave Czech dissidents renewed hope for change. His actions inspired parts of the democratic opposition from various milieus to push back the boundaries of freedom.Czeska opozycja demokratyczna od połowy lat siedemdziesiątych do aksamitnej rewolucji była w Europie Środkowej zjawiskiem unikatowym. Jedną z jej najważniejszych cech było to, że łączyła różnorodne środowiska. Szukała dróg poszerzania wolności, zarówno tej zewnętrznej, jak i wewnętrznej. Wybór Karola Wojtyły na papieża 16 października 1978 roku był jednym z wydarzeń dających czeskim dysydentom nadzieję na zmianę. Jego działania inspirowały część opozycji demokratycznej różnych kręgów do przesuwania granic wolności
Kontynuatorzy tradycji – twórczość piśmiennicza bułgarskich katolików w XIX wieku
Full text linkThe author discusses the latest book by Magdalena Abadżiewa, published in 2024, Книжнината на българите католици от XIX век и банатската книжнина, referring to some threads from the history of Bulgarian Catholics and their writings. She devotes particular attention to emigration themes – the works of Banat Bulgarians and the connections between their writing and the literature created in the country. Following Abadżiewa’s research, she writes about lexical parallels and similarities in terms of graphics and spelling, i.e. the assumptions of the linguistic norm developed at the end of the 18th century, common to the country and emigration.The author discusses the latest book by Magdalena Abadżiewa, published in 2024, Книжнината на българите католици от XIX век и банатската книжнина, referring to some threads from the history of Bulgarian Catholics and their writings. She devotes particular attention to emigration themes – the works of Banat Bulgarians and the connections between their writing and the literature created in the country. Following Abadżiewa’s research, she writes about lexical parallels and similarities in terms of graphics and spelling, i.e. the assumptions of the linguistic norm developed at the end of the 18th century, common to the country and emigration
Началното образование в Княжество България (1878–1885)
Full text linkThis research is based on the belief that the memory of spiritual development is part of contemporary culture. The subject of the paper is discussed in a diachronic plan: first the movement for education that began at the end of the XVIII century and passed through the stages of the cell, mutual and secular class schools during the Ottoman rule, is presented; and then the steps taken by the Bulgarian state restored in 1878 to build institutional primary education are traced. It is argued that the efforts towards mass literacy were part of the policy to modernize Bulgarian society and to stabilize sovereign Bulgaria. The research concludes that from being a privilege for a few, education is gradually becoming accessible to all and is seen as a pledge to consolidate society around universally shared educational values.This research is based on the belief that the memory of spiritual development is part of contemporary culture. The subject of the paper is discussed in a diachronic plan: first the movement for education that began at the end of the XVIII century and passed through the stages of the cell, mutual and secular class schools during the Ottoman rule, is presented; and then the steps taken by the Bulgarian state restored in 1878 to build institutional primary education are traced. It is argued that the efforts towards mass literacy were part of the policy to modernize Bulgarian society and to stabilize sovereign Bulgaria. The research concludes that from being a privilege for a few, education is gradually becoming accessible to all and is seen as a pledge to consolidate society around universally shared educational values
Z dziejów kształtowania się dubrownickiej inteligencji. Przedstawiciele, instytucje, formy działania w I połowie XIX wieku
Full text linkThe article presents the most important phenomena related to the intellectual activity of Dubrovnik elites on the cultural level in the first half of the 19th century. The starting point of the text is the socio-class and religious image of Dubrovnik which allows for discussion of the intellectual atmosphere and its impact on cultural life in the city. An important part of the present analyses are also issues related to initiatives integrating Dubrovnik’s intelligentsia, as well as the importance of the 1830s and 1840s (with particular emphasis on 1848) for the changes taking place in the life of the city. The summary of the article emphasizes that Dubrovnik’s loss of independence did not mean the end of its rich tradition, but also enabled the formation of circles that played an important role in the Croatian national revival.The article presents the most important phenomena related to the intellectual activity of Dubrovnik elites on the cultural level in the first half of the 19th century. The starting point of the text is the socio-class and religious image of Dubrovnik which allows for discussion of the intellectual atmosphere and its impact on cultural life in the city. An important part of the present analyses are also issues related to initiatives integrating Dubrovnik’s intelligentsia, as well as the importance of the 1830s and 1840s (with particular emphasis on 1848) for the changes taking place in the life of the city. The summary of the article emphasizes that Dubrovnik’s loss of independence did not mean the end of its rich tradition, but also enabled the formation of circles that played an important role in the Croatian national revival
Адукацыйна-культурна-рэлігійны асяродак Баруны як “месца памяці”
Full text linkThe article reveals the contribution of Baruny village (Grodno region) to the history of Belarusian education, Eastern European art and Christian religion of the 17th–20th centuries, as well as the modern representation of Baruny heritage in the historical memory of Belarus. It is traced how the appearance of the icon and the expansion of the cult of the Baruny Mother of God, as well as the construction of the temple in the 17th–18th centuries, determined the founding and development of the village, its current historical prestige and sacred status. The foundation in 1617 and the educational tradition of Baruny is described, in particular, the bright phenomenon of the secular Basilian school of the Enlightenment era. Baruny is shown as one of the centers of the historical Church Union in Belarus, which still exists today. The result was a justification for applying the definition of “place of memory” to Baruny, the list of actors “promoting” this memory, and the indication of the forms of its expression.The article reveals the contribution of Baruny village (Grodno region) to the history of Belarusian education, Eastern European art and Christian religion of the 17th–20th centuries, as well as the modern representation of Baruny heritage in the historical memory of Belarus. It is traced how the appearance of the icon and the expansion of the cult of the Baruny Mother of God, as well as the construction of the temple in the 17th–18th centuries, determined the founding and development of the village, its current historical prestige and sacred status. The foundation in 1617 and the educational tradition of Baruny is described, in particular, the bright phenomenon of the secular Basilian school of the Enlightenment era. Baruny is shown as one of the centers of the historical Church Union in Belarus, which still exists today. The result was a justification for applying the definition of “place of memory” to Baruny, the list of actors “promoting” this memory, and the indication of the forms of its expression
Prosvetiteljski rad mitropolita Pavla Nenadovića: bukvarni katihizis Ortodoksos omologija
Full text linkThe paper deals with Metropolitan Pavle Nenadović’s booklet Orthodoxos omologia. Special attention is paid to the templates employed in its compilation. In the firstpart of the paper, Nenadović’s educational work is described in the context of the dominant Enlightenment ideas of the 18th century. The second part of the paper critically examines available sources and testimonies, challenging and reassessing modern hypotheses concerning the templates of Orthodoxos omologia. In conclusion, possible templates of Nenadović’s booklet are offered.The paper deals with Metropolitan Pavle Nenadović’s booklet Orthodoxos omologia. Special attention is paid to the templates employed in its compilation. In the firstpart of the paper, Nenadović’s educational work is described in the context of the dominant Enlightenment ideas of the 18th century. The second part of the paper critically examines available sources and testimonies, challenging and reassessing modern hypotheses concerning the templates of Orthodoxos omologia.In conclusion, possible templates of Nenadović’s booklet are offered
Czarnomorskie wizje w liryce Christa Fotewa
Full text linkThe purpose of this article is to interpret the semantic dominants in the lyrics of the Bulgarian writer Hristo Fotev, which deal with the diverse visions of the Black Sea coast, Burgas, the port, the inhabitants, the newcomers, and the sea waters. The analysis includes selected poems from the following volumes: Ballad Journey (1961), Lyrics (1965), Sentimental Dedications (1967), and Collected Works. Vol. 1: Poetry (1998). Attention is focused on the subjective identification with place and strategies for creating symbolic, metaphorical, imaginary, geographical, and historical space and its maritime elements. The seaside landscape becomes the inspiration for the poetic imagination, at the same time constituting the object of lyrical creation. Images of the sea also become a probe into the poet’s mental state, the individual elements of the maritime landscape being a metaphor for human experience. In the ballad convention, the sea takes on fantastic, supernatural, mysterious qualities and is the place of existence of mythical characters.The purpose of this article is to interpret the semantic dominants in the lyrics of the Bulgarian writer Hristo Fotev, which deal with the diverse visions of the Black Sea coast, Burgas, the port, the inhabitants, the newcomers, and the sea waters. The analysis includes selected poems from the following volumes: Ballad Journey (1961), Lyrics (1965), Sentimental Dedications (1967), and Collected Works. Vol. 1: Poetry (1998). Attention is focused on the subjective identification with place and strategies for creating symbolic, metaphorical, imaginary, geographical, and historical space and its maritime elements. The seaside landscape becomes the inspiration for the poetic imagination, at the same time constituting the object of lyrical creation. Images of the sea also become a probe into the poet’s mental state, the individual elements of the maritime landscape being a metaphor for human experience. In the ballad convention, the sea takes on fantastic, supernatural, mysterious qualities and is the place of existence of mythical characters
Bulgarian and Georgian Fictional Geographies and Coastscapes as Bridges for a Comparative Black Sea Literature
Full text linkThe article drafts the notions of a spiritual-material landscape and of a coastscape amidst correlative notions like spiritualized material landscape, seascape, geography and cosmography. Against this theoretical context, it picks up a pair of literary works, one Bulgarian and one Georgian, that (re)shape regional marine imaginary on the levels of geography and of land-/sea-/coastscapes. It shows how they, in various degrees, model regional geography in the vein of alternative history. Both works are shown to “Levantinise” the life-worlds of their respective nations of extratextual origin, within a moderate move towards self-inclusion into a wider world and “westernisation”. The analysis of the pair charts a macroscopic typology and presupposes a history of alternative fictional geo-history and of metaliterature across the region. The comparison conveys a shared hesitation between a will for “archipelagic” experiencing of sea and for “thalassic” one
Działalność Valentina Vodnika na rzecz świadomości językowej Słoweńców na przełomie XVIII i XIX wieku
Full text linkThe text presents the figure of the first Slovenian poet, educator, scholar, publicist, politician, clergyman and mountaineer, Valentin Vodnik (1758–1819), one of the representatives of the Slovenian Enlightenment and National Revival, author of the first grammar written in Slovenian, many text-books, guides and poems. Based on the analysis of historical data dealing with Vodnik and his scientific and didactic texts (Pismenost, Abezeda), journalism (Povedanje od slovenskiga jezika) and poetic texts (Dramilo, Ilirija oživljena, Moj spomenik, Zadovoljni Kranjc, Vršac), Vodnik’s significant contribution to the development of education, the improvement of the level of education among Slovenians, the state of linguistic awareness and the sense of national identity of Slovenians is noted.The text presents the figure of the first Slovenian poet, educator, scholar, publicist, politician, clergyman and mountaineer, Valentin Vodnik (1758–1819), one of the representatives of the Slovenian Enlightenment and National Revival, author of the first grammar written in Slovenian, many text-books, guides and poems. Based on the analysis of historical data dealing with Vodnik and his scientific and didactic texts (Pismenost, Abezeda), journalism (Povedanje od slovenskiga jezika) and poetic texts (Dramilo, Ilirija oživljena, Moj spomenik, Zadovoljni Kranjc, Vršac), Vodnik’s significant contribution to the development of education, the improvement of the level of education among Slovenians, the state of linguistic awareness and the sense of national identity of Slovenians is noted