Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
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Укротяването на Звяра. Идеята на Просвещението за овладяването на политическите страсти и руският литературен бестиарий
Get PDFIn this article, the subject of research is the literary-political beastiarium in the transition from the Baroque to the Enlightenment in Russia. The conceptual basis are the parallel ideas of the beast in man, taming the beast, and dream of eternal peace as understood by the European enlighteners of the 18th century. The dynamic, contradictory, and convulsive epoch of Peter I is discussed along with the myth of the dragon slayer and the monstrous Baroque metaphors used to describe the ruler and his subjects: Beast on the throne, battle with beasts, the dragon with three heads, and the ontological metaphor of falling in the beastʼs throat (resulting from the exercise of power through fear and violence). The underlying transformation of these ideas coincides with the period of Empress Elisavetaʼs rule with the thematization of the notions of tamed passions, peace and mercy of the throne in the parallel images of the biblical Elizabeth and the compassionate Titus. „Taming the beast” is a segment of the enlightenment program and the educational discourse of the time of Catherine II.A moralizing literary context is presented in works of V. Petrov, G. Derzhavin, M. Muraviev, A. Kozelsky, N. Karamzin. In this context, the idea of the rulerʼs tamed passions is presented in a dialogue (direct or indirect) with Machiavelliʼs The Prince and Friedrich IIʼs Anti-Machiavelli. The metaphorical images of the ruler of passions are: the blissful lion, the tame beast, or the transformed thunder god – the man on the throne and the king of hearts. The tamed passions (malice, enmity and dissonance) transform the society of predatory tigers into a peaceful herd of tigers and lambs, pigeons and hawks. The culmination of these ideas are the projects for a Union of States (The Sacred Union of European Monarchies, 1815, Union of Empires, 1873) were considered. A hypothesis is put forward that V. Dalʼs version of the folk tale Teremoc (1870) is a metaphorical representation of the idea of peaceful life, subjected to the test of passions.In this article, the subject of research is the literary-political beastiarium in the transition from the Baroque to the Enlightenment in Russia. The conceptual basis are the parallel ideas of the beast in man, taming the beast, and dream of eternal peace as understood by the European enlighteners of the 18th century. The dynamic, contradictory, and convulsive epoch of Peter I is discussed along with the myth of the dragon slayer and the monstrous Baroque metaphors used to describe the ruler and his subjects: Beast on the throne, battle with beasts, the dragon with three heads, and the ontological metaphor of falling in the beastʼs throat (resulting from the exercise of power through fear and violence). The underlying transformation of these ideas coincides with the period of Empress Elisavetaʼs rule with the thematization of the notions of tamed passions, peace and mercy of the throne in the parallel images of the biblical Elizabeth and the compassionate Titus. „Taming the beast” is a segment of the enlightenment program and the educational discourse of the time of Catherine II.A moralizing literary context is presented in works of V. Petrov, G. Derzhavin, M. Muraviev, A. Kozelsky, N. Karamzin. In this context, the idea of the rulerʼs tamed passions is presented in a dialogue (direct or indirect) with Machiavelliʼs The Prince and Friedrich IIʼs Anti-Machiavelli. The metaphorical images of the ruler of passions are: the blissful lion, the tame beast, or the transformed thunder god – the man on the throne and the king of hearts. The tamed passions (malice, enmity and dissonance) transform the society of predatory tigers into a peaceful herd of tigers and lambs, pigeons and hawks. The culmination of these ideas are the projects for a Union of States (The Sacred Union of European Monarchies, 1815, Union of Empires, 1873) were considered. A hypothesis is put forward that V. Dalʼs version of the folk tale Teremoc (1870) is a metaphorical representation of the idea of peaceful life, subjected to the test of passions
The sources of rationalism in Croatia in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. A study of less obvious cases (physics, theology, and politics)
Get PDFThe paper is an attempt to describe the reception of the idea of rationalism in order to represent its reworking in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in Croatia in three areas – physics, theology and politics. The authoress reveals how the method developed by Newton in the field of natural sciences has found an application in other disciplines of knowledge, and most of all in theology. In Croatia, this resulted in the application of the category of Kantian reason to ethical considerations. As a rationalist project in the field of politics, cameralism is indicated, an economic doctrine popular in the German and Austrian territories which was closely connected with the development of the enlightened monarchy and bureaucracy in the early modern period.The paper is an attempt to describe the reception of the idea of rationalism in order to represent its reworking in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in Croatia in three areas – physics, theology and politics. The authoress reveals how the method developed by Newton in the field of natural sciences has found an application in other disciplines of knowledge, and most of all in theology. In Croatia, this resulted in the application of the category of Kantian reason to ethical considerations. As a rationalist project in the field of politics, cameralism is indicated, an economic doctrine popular in the German and Austrian territories which was closely connected with the development of the enlightened monarchy and bureaucracy in the early modern period
Re-evaluating the Psalterium Sinaiticum: the Limitations of Internal Reconstruction as a Text-Critical Method
Get PDFThe Psalterium Sinaiticum, a Glagolitic manuscript containing an Old Church Slavonic version of the Book of Psalms, has usually been treated, since its discovery in the later nineteenth century, as representative of the translation made by SS Cyril and Methodius before 869. Yet its textual status is in two ways problematic: it exhibits a number of idiosyncratic features (verse divisions, headings, variant readings, lexical peculiarities) which set it apart from other Church Slavonic psalter manuscripts, even those which are generally referred to the same early redaction and Cyrillo-Methodian tradition; it displays marked internal inconsistencies for which there is no simple explanation, such as correlation with the various changes of scribal hand in the manuscript. Von Arnim used the distribution of these inconsistencies as evidence to support an internal reconstruction of several distinct stages in the manuscript tradition underlying the Psalterium Sinaiticum. His argumentation implies that in fact the text of this manuscript stands at some distance from the original translation of SS Cyril and Methodius. On the basis of new comparative evidence from the second Glagolitic psalter manuscript discovered on Sinai in 1975, this paper reviews von Arnim’s analysis and its effectiveness as a text-critical method, and draws conclusions about the place of the Psalterium Sinaiticum in the Cyrillo-Methodian tradition.The Psalterium Sinaiticum, a Glagolitic manuscript containing an Old Church Slavonic version of the Book of Psalms, has usually been treated, since its discovery in the later nineteenth century, as representative of the translation made by SS Cyril and Methodius before 869. Yet its textual status is in two ways problematic: it exhibits a number of idiosyncratic features (verse divisions, headings, variant readings, lexical peculiarities) which set it apart from other Church Slavonic psalter manuscripts, even those which are generally referred to the same early redaction and Cyrillo-Methodian tradition; it displays marked internal inconsistencies for which there is no simple explanation, such as correlation with the various changes of scribal hand in the manuscript. Von Arnim used the distribution of these inconsistencies as evidence to support an internal reconstruction of several distinct stages in the manuscript tradition underlying the Psalterium Sinaiticum. His argumentation implies that in fact the text of this manuscript stands at some distance from the original translation of SS Cyril and Methodius. On the basis of new comparative evidence from the second Glagolitic psalter manuscript discovered on Sinai in 1975, this paper reviews von Arnim’s analysis and its effectiveness as a text-critical method, and draws conclusions about the place of the Psalterium Sinaiticum in the Cyrillo-Methodian tradition
Pani Profesor Barbara Czapik-Lityńska, czyli o śląskim literaturoznawstwie slawistycznym subiektywnym okiem
Get PDFPani Profesor Barbara Czapik-Lityńska, czyli o śląskim literaturoznawstwie slawistycznym subiektywnym okie
Tito i jego dwór. Jože Pirjevec, Tito, ze słoweńskiego przełożyły J. Pomorska, J. Sławińska, Wydawnictwo Akademickie SEDNO, Warszawa 2018, 847 s.
Get PDFThis paper discusses Jože Pirjevec’s biography of Josip Broz, nicknamed Tito, Yugoslav leader from 1943 (when a Democratic Federal Yugoslavia was proclamed) until his death in 1980. The author focusses on several key aspects of his life and political activity in Yugoslav and international communist structures, in World War II, when he was the commander of the partisants, in the Non-Aligned Movement which was established in Belgrade (1961), and on the others fields. Through the personality of the great dictator and statesman Pirjevec’s work brings a valuable contribution to the discourse about anatomy of power.This paper discusses Jože Pirjevec’s biography of Josip Broz, nicknamed Tito, Yugoslav leader from 1943 (when a Democratic Federal Yugoslavia was proclamed) until his death in 1980. The author focusses on several key aspects of his life and political activity in Yugoslav and international communist structures, in World War II, when he was the commander of the partisants, in the Non-Aligned Movement which was established in Belgrade (1961), and on the others fields. Through the personality of the great dictator and statesman Pirjevec’s work brings a valuable contribution to the discourse about anatomy of power
Prijevod usmenih strahova u pisanu tjeskobu ili poetički učinci predajnih elemenata u romanima Živi i mrtvi Josipa Mlakića i Črna mati zemla Kristiana Novaka
Get PDFBelief legends, especially those regarding fear and its realization, transformation and embodiment, are important narrative substrate. Forms of belief legends and/or their segments are often, in many ways and functions, intertextually inscribed in Croatian novelistic production. This paper shall analyse the way in which the motifs and topics related to the belief legends, as well as their development: defining and unmasking fear, are employed in the novels Živi i mrtvi (The Living and the Dead) by Josip Mlakić and Črna mati zemla (Black Mother Earth) by Kristian Novak. In the novel Živi i mrtvi, the elements of the belief legends poetically recreate a strong sense of horror of war, here represented through the growing fear felt by a small isolated group made up of a couple of soldiers. A different type of terror, a personal trauma that leaves the under-aged protagonist of Črna mati zemla completely isolated from the world and his loved ones, is poetically recreated especially through some of the elements of the belief legends.Belief legends, especially those regarding fear and its realization, transformation and embodiment, are important narrative substrate. Forms of belief legends and/or their segments are often, in many ways and functions, intertextually inscribed in Croatian novelistic production. This paper shall analyse the way in which the motifs and topics related to the belief legends, as well as their development: defining and unmasking fear, are employed in the novels Živi i mrtvi (The Living and the Dead) by Josip Mlakić and Črna mati zemla (Black Mother Earth) by Kristian Novak. In the novel Živi i mrtvi, the elements of the belief legends poetically recreate a strong sense of horror of war, here represented through the growing fear felt by a small isolated group made up of a couple of soldiers. A different type of terror, a personal trauma that leaves the under-aged protagonist of Črna mati zemla completely isolated from the world and his loved ones, is poetically recreated especially through some of the elements of the belief legends
Kapłan uczony i światły w programie reform Piotra I
Get PDFThe article is an attempt to define the notions of wisdom and enlightenment which were practised by the clergy in Peter the First’s time. For that reason, the notions’ components alike world view, knowledge, skills, and personal pattern have been examined in order to demonstrate that they were founded chiefly on the enlightenment ideas. According to the undertaken analysis, however, it has turned out that they also were strongly adapted to the Russian political conditions. Due to this, the commented notions cannot be explicitly formulated, since they are of a complex character resulted from the programme of utility serving the country.The article is an attempt to define the notions of wisdom and enlightenment which were practised by the clergy in Peter the First’s time. For that reason, the notions’ components alike world view, knowledge, skills, and personal pattern have been examined in order to demonstrate that they were founded chiefly on the enlightenment ideas. According to the undertaken analysis, however, it has turned out that they also were strongly adapted to the Russian political conditions. Due to this, the commented notions cannot be explicitly formulated, since they are of a complex character resulted from the programme of utility serving the country
Translating and Transcending Censors: Modernist Appropriation and Thematisation of Censorship in the Works of Virginia Woolf, Allen Ginsberg, Czesław Miłosz and Bohumil Hrabal
Get PDFCensorship has often been regarded as the archenemy of artists, thinkers and writers. But has this always been the case? This research paper proposes that censorship is not a total evil or adversarial force which thwarts and hinders twentieth-century writers, particularly those who were part of the artistic, aesthetic, philosophical and intellectual movement known as Modernism. Though the word “censor” originally means a Roman official who, in the past, had a duty to monitor access to writing, the agents of censorship – particularly those in the modern times – are not in every case overt and easy to identify. Though Modernist writers openly condemn censorship, many of them nevertheless take on the role of censors who not only condone but also undergo self--censorship or censorship of others. In many cases in Modernist literature, readership and literary production, the binary opposition of victim and victimiser, as well as of censored and censor, is questioned and challenged. This research paper offers an analysis of the ways in which Virginia Woolf (1882–1941), Allen Ginsberg (1926–1997), Czesław Miłosz (1911–2004) and Bohumil Hrabal (1914–1997) lived and wrote by negotiating with many forms of censorship ranging from state censorship, social censorship, political censorship, moral censorship to self-censorship. It is a study of the ways in which these writers problematise and render ambiguity to the seemingly clear-cut and mutually exclusive division between the oppressive censor and the oppressed writer. The selected writers not only criticise and compromise with censorship, but also thematise and translate it into their works.Censorship has often been regarded as the archenemy of artists, thinkers and writers. But has this always been the case? This research paper proposes that censorship is not a total evil or adversarial force which thwarts and hinders twentieth-century writers, particularly those who were part of the artistic, aesthetic, philosophical and intellectual movement known as Modernism. Though the word “censor” originally means a Roman official who, in the past, had a duty to monitor access to writing, the agents of censorship – particularly those in the modern times – are not in every case overt and easy to identify. Though Modernist writers openly condemn censorship, many of them nevertheless take on the role of censors who not only condone but also undergo self--censorship or censorship of others. In many cases in Modernist literature, readership and literary production, the binary opposition of victim and victimiser, as well as of censored and censor, is questioned and challenged. This research paper offers an analysis of the ways in which Virginia Woolf (1882–1941), Allen Ginsberg (1926–1997), Czesław Miłosz (1911–2004) and Bohumil Hrabal (1914–1997) lived and wrote by negotiating with many forms of censorship ranging from state censorship, social censorship, political censorship, moral censorship to self-censorship. It is a study of the ways in which these writers problematise and render ambiguity to the seemingly clear-cut and mutually exclusive division between the oppressive censor and the oppressed writer. The selected writers not only criticise and compromise with censorship, but also thematise and translate it into their works
Гомилиарий Михановича в монастыре св. Прохора Пшинского: неучтенный фрагмент родственного сербского пергаменного списка XIV века
Get PDFThe article presents an analysis of a Cyrillic parchment fragment of Serbian provenance once kept in the monastery of St Prohor of Pčinja and published by J. Hadži-Vasiljević in 1900. The fragment is now identified as belonged to a manuscript copy which had been made from the famous Mihanović Homiliarium. This identification leads to the conclusion that the Mihanović Homiliarium must have been kept in the same monastery of St Prohor of Pčinja already in late 14th c.The article presents an analysis of a Cyrillic parchment fragment of Serbian provenance once kept in the monastery of St Prohor of Pčinja and published by J. Hadži-Vasiljević in 1900. The fragment is now identified as belonged to a manuscript copy which had been made from the famous Mihanović Homiliarium. This identification leads to the conclusion that the Mihanović Homiliarium must have been kept in the same monastery of St Prohor of Pčinja already in late 14th c