Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
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The Memory of the “Revival Process” in the Newest Bulgarian Novel (2011–2017)
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to explore the most recent literary representations of the so-called “Revival process” in Bulgarian history or the renaming of the Bulgarian Muslim and Turkish minorities in the 1980s in Zlatko Enev’s Requiem for Nobody (Реквием за никого, 2011), Martin Marinov’s The Veil (Булото, 2014), Miroslav Penkov’s The Stork Mountain (Щъркелите и планината, 2016), and Liudmila Mindova’s Novel for the Name (Роман за името, 2017). The analysis focuses on the outlining of the thematic and structural similarities between the novels and the different approaches toward the depiction of trauma. I argue that this new trend is an attempt to rethink the legacy of the communist past and conceptualize collective trauma
Između zvanične istine i ličnog sećanja: Usmene istorije civila i vojnika o post- -jugoslovenskim ratovima 1991–1995
Get PDFIn times of violent conflicts, societies tend to promote narratives that enable successful coping with the situation. Official collective memory can thus provide foundation for a group’s belonging, mobilization, persistence. On the other hand, it often perpetuates the animosity by, for example, delegitimizing (and often dehumanizing) the other side. In this article, we explore whether unofficial personal memories of a violent conflict could mitigate the damage in intergroup relations done by the dominating narratives. We conducted a secondary thematic analysis of 38 interviews with civilians and soldiers in the Post-Yugoslav wars (1991–1995). The themes we report here offer deeply personal and humanizing accounts of the war experience, which have largely remained outside traditional historiography.In times of violent conflicts, societies tend to promote narratives that enable successful coping with the situation. Official collective memory can thus provide foundation for a group’s belonging, mobilization, persistence. On the other hand, it often perpetuates the animosity by, for example, delegitimizing (and often dehumanizing) the other side. In this article, we explore whether unofficial personal memories of a violent conflict could mitigate the damage in intergroup relations done by the dominating narratives. We conducted a secondary thematic analysis of 38 interviews with civilians and soldiers in the Post-Yugoslav wars (1991–1995). The themes we report here offer deeply personal and humanizing accounts of the war experience, which have largely remained outside traditional historiography
Birth Rituals and Cultural Memory of Albanian Diaspora in Ukraine
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the traditional birth rituals of Albanians of Ukraine reflected in their cultural memory. Several migrations from the South Albania since XV-XVI century, following by different geographic, political, ethnic and sociocultural surroundings influenced a lot Albanian traditional culture but ritual practices related to the human birth, still take a special place in the cultural memory of the Albanian diaspora. Memory on ritual practices related to the birth is mostly based on contrasting the past and present that illustrated by rituals related to the folk obstetrics and beliefs about protection, health and well-being of a mother and a child. Specificity of birth rituals is interpreted by bearers of tradition as representation of the group’s identity in a multiethnic environment in the South Ukraine and as a way for Albanians to save and transmit their culture
Gabriele D’Annunzio i dva suvremena umjetnička projekta
Get PDFThe centennnial of D’Annunzio’s occupation of Rijeka (September 1919 – January 1921) confronts the professions dealing with it – historiography, memory studies, public history, cultural management – with the problem of very different, often conflicting and mutually exclusive interpretations. The process of defining national borders after World War I, territorial claims and the unrealised plans of a new social order are parts of this historical episode still preoccupying interpreters. Here we will try to explain how D’Annunzio’s rule in Rijeka came to be interpreted in view of its similarity to the western hippie movement of 1968, and we will describe two recent artistic products of that interpretation: projects by Janez Janša (Il porto dell’amore) and Damir Stojnić (1:1). Both are interactive urban interventions in the city of Rijeka, and the latter is directly linked to the Rijeka – European Capital of Culture 2020 project.The centennnial of D’Annunzio’s occupation of Rijeka (September 1919 –January 1921) confronts the professions dealing with it – historiography, memory studies, public history, cultural management – with the problem of very different, often conflicting and mutually exclusive interpretations. The process of defining national borders after World War I, territorial claims and the unrealised plans of a new social order are parts of this historical episode still preoccupying interpreters. Here we will try to explain how D’Annunzio’s rule in Rijeka came to be interpreted in view of its similarity to the western hippie movement of 1968, and we will describe two recent artistic products of that interpretation: projects by Janez Janša (Il porto dell’amore) and Damir Stojnić (1:1). Both are interactive urban interventions in the city of Rijeka, and the latter is directly linked to the ijeka – European Capital of Culture 2020 project
Pieśni rozpaczy w czasach pogardy Wokół cyklu poetyckiego Márciustól márciusig Istvána Vasa
Get PDFThe article offers an interpretation of the poetic cycle Od marca do marca [From March to March] by István Vas, a Hungarian poet and writer of Jewish origin. The author treated each of his poems as a notebook, where he recorded his reflections on the situation of Hungarian Jews, the human condition, the siege of Budapest, etc. For Vas, each piece is a separate testimony to the time of the war. The entire cycle is steeped in irony and a harsh judgement of the society’s moral fall. Vas wrote his poems during the period of Nazism but published them during the communist regime, when he wanted to answer a question about the role of art in the process of recovering historical memory, and whether a literary text could offer protection from the hostile reality.The article offers an interpretation of the poetic cycle Od marca do marca [From March to March] by István Vas, a Hungarian poet and writer of Jewish origin. The author treated each of his poems as a notebook, where he recorded his reflections on the situation of Hungarian Jews, the human condition, the siege of Budapest, etc. For Vas, each piece is a separate testimony to the time of the war. The entire cycle is steeped in irony and a harsh judgement of the society’s moral fall. Vas wrote his poems during the period of Nazism but published them during the communist regime, when he wanted to answer a question about the role of art in the process of recovering historical memory, and whether a literary text could offer protection from the hostile reality
Word in Action. Democracy and Deliberation in Literary Practice in Polish Renaissance
Get PDFThis paper synthesizes relations between Polish democratic system and literary practice in the 16th century. The paper analyses phenomena that project social practice of deliberation on what is important to the community, including political community, and are rooted in the idea of noble democracy – idiosyncratic, mixed political system. The author focuses her interest on the idea of concordia. Consensualism was achieved through debates, political disputes or agons. Deliberative culture also encouraged other distinctive literary forms such as dialogs (political dialogs), polemical treatises, speeches or political satires.The paper underlines the significance of the Protestant Reformation to the Polish Renaissance culture, which introduced modernising tendencies and which expressed the ambitions of influence, participation, public activity, and co-deciding about the community. It stimulated modern way of thinking and shaped the model of discursive society and democratic Church.This paper synthesizes relations between Polish democratic system and literary practice in the 16th century. The paper analyses phenomena that project social practice of deliberation on what is important to the community, including political community, and are rooted in the idea of noble democracy – idiosyncratic, mixed political system. The author focuses her interest on the idea of concordia. Consensualism was achieved through debates, political disputes or agons. Deliberative culture also encouraged other distinctive literary forms such as dialogs (political dialogs), polemical treatises, speeches or political satires.The paper underlines the significance of the Protestant Reformation to the Polish Renaissance culture, which introduced modernising tendencies and which expressed the ambitions of influence, participation, public activity, and co-deciding about the community. It stimulated modern way of thinking and shaped the model of discursive society and democratic Church
Ibsenov pharmakon: Sokrat i Stockmann
Get PDFAlthough An Enemy of the People has always been one of Ibsen’s most popular plays, ibsenology often dismisses it as a revolutionary pamphlet and the critique of the tyranny of the compact majority and the mediocrity of parliamentary democracy. Instead of focusing on the conflict that arises between the Conservatives and the Liberals, minority and majority, I want to draw attention to Ibsen’s poetic revolt. Building on Derrida’s study of the pharmakon in the Phaedrus, I argue that Ibsen continues to investigate the conflict between the speaker and the listener, between the actor and the audience, between speech and writing.Although An Enemy of the People has always been one of Ibsen’s most popular plays, ibsenology often dismisses it as a revolutionary pamphlet and the critique of the tyranny of the compact majority and the mediocrity of parliamentary democracy. Instead of focusing on the conflict that arises between the Conservatives and the Liberals, minority and majority, I want to draw attention to Ibsen’s poetic revolt. Building on Derrida’s study of the pharmakon in the Phaedrus, I argue that Ibsen continues to investigate the conflict between the speaker and the listener, between the actor and the audience, between speech and writing
Zapadno- i južnoslavenski romantizmi kao epoha demokratizacije kulture
Get PDFIf we regard democracy as tied with four functions: availability, representation, freedom, and education, then we can state that the Romanticism conceived as the intellectual formation and literary current has managed to realize the deepest and thorough process of democratization of culture, of which results remain valid and actual in our contemporary reality. In the Romanticism, two traditions converge in order to construct its progressive character: the educational tradition derived from the German idealism and the liberation one. The educational tradition has been inspiring the development of knowledge, education and university values by shaping the holistic conception of education and personal progress. In this article, the educational orientation of the Romanticism is expressed by the function of availability concerning culture as well as education. The liberation current of the Romanticism is related with the French tradition, peoples as a subject that debates on the ideas of justice and injustice, and also with the folklore along with the independence narrative. The titular category namely, democratization of culture should be understood as a multifaceted phenomenon of the gradual and irreversible processes of innovations which have spread through the spheres of culture, language, system of forms of utterance in order to shape various social and cultural institutions, which – throughout the process of generating new literary canons and redefining modern national identities – eventually contributed to the constitution of the contemporary states.If we regard democracy as tied with four functions: availability, representation, freedom, and education, then we can state that the Romanticism conceived as the intellectual formation and literary current has managed to realize the deepest and thorough process of democratization of culture, of which results remain valid and actual in our contemporary reality. In the Romanticism, two traditions converge in order to construct its progressive character: the educational tradition derived from the German idealism and the liberation one. The educational tradition has been inspiring the development of knowledge, education and university values by shaping the holistic conception of education and personal progress. In this article, the educational orientation of the Romanticism is expressed by the function of availability concerning culture as well as education. The liberation current of the Romanticism is related with the French tradition, peoples as a subject that debates on the ideas of justice and injustice, and also with the folklore along with the independence narrative. The titular category namely, democratization of culture should be understood as a multifaceted phenomenon of the gradual and irreversible processes of innovations which have spread through the spheres of culture, language, system of forms of utterance in order to shape various social and cultural institutions, which – throughout the process of generating new literary canons and redefining modern national identities – eventually contributed to the constitution of the contemporary states
Przełom czy kontynuacja? Słowacka myśl polityczna po roku 1867
Get PDFThe article focuses on two texts (Jozef Podhradský, The secret history of Pan-Slavism and Michal Miloslav Hodža Vieroslavín), that are located on the periphery of Slovak political thought, but they are a very significant testimony to the intersection of emancipation ideas in the period of dualistic monarchy. These important texts bring a proposal of various solutions to the arrangement of Slovak-Hungarian relations in the new situation after 1867. Unfortunately, one of them was not published at all (written by Hodža in 1867–1870), while the second one, published in Novi Sad in 1868, remained almost unnoticed.They show how close the idea of messianism was to Slovak thinkers at that time. (This particularly applies to M.M. Hodža). Under her influence, they present their visions of Europe and the monarchy. They also show the Slovaks as a chosen nation that will play a decisive role in the revive common Europe.The article focuses on two texts (Jozef Podhradský, The secret history of Pan-Slavism and Michal Miloslav Hodža Vieroslavín), that are located on the periphery of Slovak political thought, but they are a very significant testimony to the intersection of emancipation ideas in the period of dualistic monarchy. These important texts bring a proposal of various solutions to the arrangement of Slovak-Hungarian relations in the new situation after 1867. Unfortunately, one of them was not published at all (written by Hodža in 1867–1870), while the second one, published in Novi Sad in 1868, remained almost unnoticed.They show how close the idea of messianism was to Slovak thinkers at that time. (This particularly applies to M.M. Hodža). Under her influence, they present their visions of Europe and the monarchy. They also show the Slovaks as a chosen nation that will play a decisive role in the revive common Europe
Forgetting Strategies in (Re)structuring Collective Memory of Goranʼs Poem The Pit
Get PDFSince the (re) structuring collective memory always implies particular political processes, in the case of Ivan Goran Kovačić and his narrative poem The Pit (Jama), the fundamental text of the Partisan canon of Croatian literature, it may be divided into two periods with a transitional watershed of the 90s (or the disintegration of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) as a historical turning point. Post-Yugoslav revisionist processes of the memory of World War II, which then started, inevitably had to influence the “myth about Goran”, up to that time in the conventional memory constructed around three key points. The first was his leaving Zagreb, together with Vladimir Nazor, to join the Partisans; the second was the revelation of Ustasha crimes in the epic poem The Pit and third his death by a “chetnikʼs knife”, which he prophetically hinted at in his poem “My Tomb”. Furthermore, the critical reception of The Pit from its first edition takes place on two plans of expression – artistic (fine arts) and literary. These “two lives” of one epic poem had different destinies and also attached to themselves different memories including forgetting strategies of (re)structuring collective memory