Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
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Zastupljenost i obrada antropomorfnih i zoomorfnih frazema u Rusko-hrvatskome frazeološkom rječniku (2019)
Get PDFThis paper presents the analysis of Russian animalistic phraseological units included in the Russian-Croatian Phraseological Dictionary (2019). In our research we focused on etalons that have the simile structure. Anthropomorphism and zoomorphism are two antipodes of the same reality within the language picture of the world – in our case it is the Russian language picture of the world. We believed that the anthropocentric perspective of the animal world was stronger than the ecocentric perspective, and that it has influenced the Russian language correspondingly, which has led us to the conclusion that there must be more Russian anthropomorphic similes than zoomomorphic similes. But the analysis that we have performed within the frames of the Russian-Croatian Phraseological Dictionary has not proven our hypothesis. The findings of this study suggest that there is an equal number of anthropomorphic and zoomorphic similes within the analyzed phraseological material.This paper presents the analysis of Russian animalistic phraseological units included in the Russian-Croatian Phraseological Dictionary (2019). In our research we focused on etalons that have the simile structure. Anthropomorphism and zoomorphism are two antipodes of the same reality within the language picture of the world – in our case it is the Russian language picture of the world. We believed that the anthropocentric perspective of the animal world was stronger than the ecocentric perspective, and that it has influenced the Russian language correspondingly, which has led us to the conclusion that there must be more Russian anthropomorphic similes than zoomomorphic similes. But the analysis that we have performed within the frames of the Russian-Croatian Phraseological Dictionary has not proven our hypothesis. The findings of this study suggest that there is an equal number of anthropomorphic and zoomorphic similes within the analyzed phraseological material
Žohari od usmenih predaja i vjerovanja u etnotradicijama do suvremene reklame ili o tome kako su žohari na Zemlji preživjeli više od 320 milijuna godina
Get PDFThe first segment of the zooethical article about cockroaches, insects of the order Blattodea, who have lived on Earth for more than 300 million years (cf. Grush, 2016) and will survive the apocalypse of climate change, is based on research by Russian folklorist Aleksandr V. Gura (Гура, 2005), who gives examples of beliefs about cockroaches from the Russian ethnotradition, which I then compare with examples from the Croatian ethnotradition.In the second part of the article, I problematize the contemporary attitude towards cockroaches, starting from the literary reality of the novel Kiklop (Cyclops, 1965) by Ranko Marinković – from “Maar-commercial” (“Maar-tonfilmska reklama”), Melkior’s critique of the ad-centric worldview that begins with his exit from the public toilet in the central town square. The ways in which insecticides are used against cockroaches (and other insects considered by modern civilization as pests) demonstrates that in the past at least some cultures – as Russian ethnotradition demonstrates – were far more considerate of cockroaches, as we suggested in the first part of this dichotomously structured article.The first segment of the zooethical article about cockroaches, insects of the order Blattodea, who have lived on Earth for more than 300 million years (cf. Grush, 2016) and will survive the apocalypse of climate change, is based on research by Russian folklorist Aleksandr V. Gura (Гура, 2005), who gives examples of beliefs about cockroaches from the Russian ethnotradition, which I then compare with examples from the Croatian ethnotradition.In the second part of the article, I problematize the contemporary attitude towards cockroaches, starting from the literary reality of the novel Kiklop (Cyclops, 1965) by Ranko Marinković – from “Maar-commercial” (“Maar-tonfilmska reklama”), Melkior’s critique of the ad-centric worldview that begins with his exit from the public toilet in the central town square. The ways in which insecticides are used against cockroaches (and other insects considered by modern civilization as pests) demonstrates that in the past at least some cultures – as Russian ethnotradition demonstrates – were far more considerate of cockroaches, as we suggested in the first part of this dichotomously structured article
Ljubavna životinja: životinjski motivi u hrvatskoj ranorenesansnoj ljubavnoj lirici
Get PDFAnimal motifs were very popular in medieval bestiaries and love poetry, especially in Provençal and Petrarchan poetry. Afterwards they spread throughout European Renaissance love poetry and they are found in love poems by Šiško Menčetić (1457–1527) and Džore Držić (1461–1501), the very first Croatian Renaissance poets. This paper examines some of the animal motifs present in their poems, in order to establish whether they could provide a better understanding of the luralism of Croatian Renaissance love poetry, which cannot be reduced to Petrarchism alone, and of the extraliterary context to which certain animal motifs are related. Our research shows that e.g. motifs of snakes and birds are linked to various types of love discourse; animal motifs related to the topos of love hunt are also analysed. It is shown that animal motifs are potentially polysemous and that their usage follows conventions of the genre and norms of a particular type of love discourse with which they are associated, while their meaning is more precisely definedin the context of the poem
Životinje kroz prizmu jezika i kulture
Get PDFThe paper is a review which examines the semantic analysis offered in Slobodan Novokmet’s study entitled “Animal Names in Serbian language – Semantic and Linguo-Cultural analysis.” The monograph was published in 2020 by the Institute for the Serbian Language at the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Belgrade. Although lexicological and lexicographic in its nature, this monograph offers an interdisciplinary approach to the study of animal names in the Serbian language, combining methods of traditional linguistics, i. e. componentional analysis, and the increasingly popular linguocultural approach. The focus of the study is to research the mechanisms of semantic transfer within the meaning of lexems denoting animals, such as metaphor and methonymy. The monograph also deals with the lexicography definitions, offering the ways of their improvement.Rad predstavlja kritički prikaz u kojem se ispituje semantička analiza ponuđena u studiji Slobodana Novokmeta „Nazivi životinja u srpskom jeziku – semantička i lingvokulturološka analiza”. Monografiju je 2020. godine objavio Institut za srpski jezik Srpske akademije nauka i umetnosti u Beogradu. Iako primarno pripada oblasti leksikologije i leksikografije, ova monografija nudi interdisciplinarni pristup proučavanju naziva za životinje u srpskom jeziku, kombinujući metode tradicionalne lingvistike, tj. komponencijalnu analizu, i sve popularniji lingvokulturološki pristup. Fokus studije je na istraživanju mehanizama semantičkog transfera u okviru značenja leksema kojima se denotiraju životinje, kao što su metafora i metonimija. Autor se bavi i preispitivanjem leksikografskih definicija i predlaže načine njihovog dopunjavanja
“The First Swallow”: Avian Metaphors in Nikita Khrushchev’s Political Discourse
Get PDFBirds are a rich source for metaphors in paremias that are known to be a significant rhetorical force in various modes of communication. This article deals with the repertoire of ornithological proverbial texts utilized in the Soviet leader’s public speeches and memoirs, as well as in their English translations. The metaphor human is bird, in which there are various grounds of comparison, is explored. The peculiarities of using avian metaphors in the context of the original and the ways of their translation into English are scrutinized as well. The analysis of the material shows that the main features, shared by the Target (human) and the Source (bird species), are grounded on physiological characteristics and behavioral traits, having a negative slant. The equivalent and literal translations are applied as the main methods of rendition. Of particular interest are the metaphorical “animalistic metamorphoses” found in translation
Композиционная роль диалога в книге Чернобыльская молитва
Get PDFThe paper deals with some specific features of dialogism in the book Chernobyl Prayer: A Chronicle of the Future by the Belarusian Nobel Laureate Svetlana Alexievich. As the title implies the article investigates typology of the dialogue in the text which is based on the Bakhtin’s analysis of the concept of the dialogue and polyphony. The article describes some principles of dialogism in relation to the composition of the text.The paper deals with some specific features of dialogism in the book Chernobyl Prayer: A Chronicle of the Future by the Belarusian Nobel Laureate Svetlana Alexievich. As the title implies the article investigates typology of the dialogue in the text which is based on the Bakhtin’s analysis of the concept of the dialogue and polyphony. The article describes some principles of dialogism in relation to the composition of the text
Rosyjskie wyrażenie не судьба i jego polskie odpowiedniki
Get PDFThe subject of the article is a comparative analysis of the Russian expression не судьба кому-л. and its Polish equivalents. In the ethno-cultural aspect, it describes one of the Russian key ideas – the concept of SUD’BA. The special status of the discussed unit is evidenced by: the synthetic form and the inability to express its content in the same simple way in another language, the non-assertive type of meaning and informality. The analysis of lexicographic and corpus sources shows that the closest synonyms of the Russian predicate are Polish sentence phrases, coś nie było sądzone komuś and taki los that shows semantic and pragmatic differences. The devaluation of the importance of the Russian unit observed in recent uses consists in changing the attitude of regret towards unfavourable events into a sense of relief and its relation to “light” and ordinary events. This meaning corresponds to Polish – taka już czyjaś uroda.The subject of the article is a comparative analysis of the Russian expression не судьба кому-л. and its Polish equivalents. In the ethno-cultural aspect, it describes one of the Russian key ideas – the concept of SUD’BA. The special status of the discussed unit is evidenced by: the synthetic form and the inability to express its content in the same simple way in another language, the non-assertive type of meaning and informality. The analysis of lexicographic and corpus sources shows that the closest synonyms of the Russian predicate are Polish sentence phrases, coś nie było sądzone komuś and taki los that shows semantic and pragmatic differences. The devaluation of the importance of the Russian unit observed in recent uses consists in changing the attitude of regret towards unfavourable events into a sense of relief and its relation to “light” and ordinary events. This meaning corresponds to Polish – taka już czyjaś uroda
Czech Samizdat Archives – the Past and the Present
Get PDFIn the former Czechoslovakia, samizdat was not limited just to the dissident community: the big “publishing houses” like Vaculík’s Petlice soon became a model for many local followers. Under communism, they naturally made effort to keep their activities secret; after 1989 vast majority of them did not find a reason to claim credit for their work and their production remained buried in their personal archives. Therefore, the lexicographic and bibliographic research in Czech samizdat faced a lengthy problem: while a representative part of the (mostly Prague) dissident publications had been smuggled out of the CSSR and collected in specialized archives in Scheinfeld (Germany) in the 1980s, it took quite a time to identify the local samizdat publishers and get access to their production