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136 research outputs found
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Toxic Leadership and Collective Organizational Engagement: Does Employee Voice Mediate the Effect?
Full text linkDrawing upon the theory of planned behavior, we examine the role of employee voice in abating the impact of toxic leadership on collective organizational engagement. The literature proposes that the phenomenon of toxic leadership exists at every workplace and has negative effects on the organization. Previous studies have examined toxic leadership only as the predictor of negative outcomes only. The current study argues that even though toxic leadership decreases the collective organizational engagement, however, this relationship can be transformed via employee proactive voice behavior. Snowball sampling technique were used to collect data from the Pakistan service sector. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data from the said sector, the sample size was 223 employees working in telecommunication, banks, and insurance companies. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) shows that a leader’s toxicity disengages employees at the workplace but apparently they look engaged. Therefore, this study recommends that employee voice behavior should be promoted at the organization to unfold toxic leadership. Therefore firm performance can be enhanced by employing collective organizational engagement. Present study where advances the literature on toxic leadership it also beneficial for the managers as well. As toxic leadership overshadows the effects of positive leadership thus to avoid the negative effects of toxic leadership; top management should promote collective engagement through employee voice behavior to accomplish firm performance. Presently this study attempts to enrich the literature by empirically testing the proposed relationship and also provided future insights on toxic leadership to the researchers
Animated VS. Oral Mother Goose Songs in Developing a Relationship between Mother and Child
Full text linkWith the pervasion of screened media in our present day lives, it has become inevitable to re-envision the mother goose songs through audiovisual media in form of animations. The objective of the study is to understand whether the ways through which these songs have been used in the past by the mothers to connect to their children in the oral traditions are the same for their animations of contemporary lives. The mother goose experiences of children have been explored through focus group of children and in-depth interviews of their mothers. Focus group children are divided into two sets: one is given oral treatment and other is given animated treatment. Study concludes that oral mother goose songs still retain their importance in bringing mothers closer to the child because of the feeling of intimacy they generate when mothers sing them for their kids. However, animated mother goose songs are a visual treat for children which keep them mesmerized for a longer period of time but they have actually failed in developing a relationship between mothers and children because of lack of involvement of mothers and resistance among kids to quit watching animated mother goose songs even after hours. Study recommends that mothers should encourage the habit of co-viewing, limit the screen time and set some rules for watching animated mother goose songs for getting better results. In short, oral mother goose songs are far better in developing a bond between mother and child as compared to animated mother goose songs
Social Media in Lives of Parents and Children: Exploring Effects on Parents-Children Relationships
Full text linkSocial media and its usage are one of the essential activities of this century. Many social media sites are there in the world, and they have millions of users. This research aims to explore the effects of social media usage on parents and children interpersonal relationships. Relationships among parents and children are an essential factor in having excellent bonding of family. The total numbers of respondents were 384, who were selected according to Morgan and Krejcie’s formula. Islamabad was the city where the survey was conducted. Probability sampling was used for this study. The study was based on the theory of Time displacement by Robert Putnam (1970). He argued that when we give more time to our virtual world, our time to our real-world will be less. Two hundred children and 184 parents were the respondents of this study. Results showed that most of the users are heavy users; they use social media more than 4 hours on a daily basis. The outcome revealed that Facebook is much admired social media site among users. According to results, 65% of respondents elaborated that social media unite families, and the rest of 35% said that they are against this statement. Furthermore, 73% of the total population responded that social media decreased face-to-face interaction between parents and children. On the other hand, 14% were neutral, and 11% were against this statement. According to results of hypothesis it has been found that both parents and children support positive aspects of social media usage. This study also finds out that heavy social media usage causes many troubles like sleeplessness, interest in the virtual world, and face-to-face interaction between children and parents. This study recommends the less usage of the virtual world and social sites to make strong relations in real life
Power on pages of Newspapers: A Political Contestation in Pakistan
Full text linkThe key objective of this study was to examine the influence of the political parties on the pages of the Pakistani newspapers and especially on daily Express Urdu newspaper. Keeping in view the importance of newspapers as the leading source of communications, this paper examined power politics and contestation is occurring through newspaper among the different political parties in Pakistan. The existing sources shows that newspaper is one of the tools used by political parties to propagate their political ideologies to the common masses. The researcher has read the Daily EXPRESS Urdu newspaper highlighted headlines for the year of 2016. The newspaper of January to December 2016 were read thoroughly by keeping view on the objective of the study. Those Headlines were highlighted which were showing that political parties issued them for the attainment of their political goals. In current study, both qualitative and quantitative approaches of research were used to carry out this study. The collected data were analyzed through connotative and denotative perspectives. The result of the study shows that newspaper is a big source for political parties to promote their ideologies among either uni or multi- cultural diversity to gain their political gain rather than focusing the interests and benefits of the common masses
Role of APP and PPI in Highlighting Public Issues
Full text linkThis study discusses the history, organization and operations of Pakistan’s national news agencies, the government-owned Associated Press of Pakistan (APP) and the privately-owned Pakistan Press International (PPI). This research (study) is to delve what is the role of Associated Press of Pakistan (APP) and Pakistan Press International (PPI) news agencies’ services in the dissemination of information and highlighting of public issues in country. News agencies have wide roles to fetch the information and news across the world. After that they spread this information in form of news for that the services are editing and distribution of news (on national or international forum and mass media). News agencies were established for a wide range of news type that highlighted the major political national or international issues, economical surveys and social and cultural experiences in the country. Newspapers all over the world extremely depend to a large extent on news agencies or wire services’ on news coverage. they do not have strong reporting circle (their own employees) as in their own country .Well organized international news delivery network, so newspapers dependence on news agency‘s international news is chronic tendency. News agencies are responsible for exchange of the international news and others more important that they play a major role which cannot be ignored in present age. In the wake of agencies’ important the APP and PPI has a long history to disseminated information in the country since the creation of Pakistan in 1947. Privately-owned news agency PPI lodges special importance on the coverage of news, mostly prognostication of events in the rural regions, although government-owned APP has pays attention to projection of government views. Through content analysis, this research studied two selected news agencies in the country with a view to gaining vision into the agencies coverage of education, health and political issues and to stress the essential role of the newspapers in the building of realism lodging on thematic content
Examining the Levels of Knowledge among Newspaper Journalists towards Their Constitutional Rights, Pakistan
Full text linkThe levels of knowledge about the wage board award among newspaper journalists were studied in an onsite survey of 446 journalists from Sindhi, Urdu and English language newspapers. The study found that unprecedented delay in constituting all successive wage boards in the newspaper industry have resulted in unbearable damage to journalists and as well as in the broader perspective of journalism. Moreover, different statistical tests were run to find the differences or relationship with the knowledge of wage board award and socio-demographic variables. It was found that journalist with a low level of knowledge about their constitutional rights is on the verge to give up journalism. Journalists who were unsure about job security had the least level of knowledge about the wage board award. Compared to English and Sindhi, Urdu language journalists were found better informed about their rights
Reporting of Kashmir Conflict in Elite press of Pakistan. A Descriptive Analysis
Full text linkThe study attempts to analyze the coverage of Jammu and Kashmir conflict through peace and war journalism along with understanding how the ideals of peace journalism can be translated into conflict reporting. The descriptive analysis of news stories published from August 5, 2019 to Dec 5, 2019in the mainstream contemporary English press of Pakistan (Dawn and The Nation) and India (Times of India and The Hindu) is carried out through content analysis. The time period is significant because of the scrapping of Article 370 and its violent effects on the region. The approach of peace and war journalism is explored through in-depth interviews of Pakistani and Kashmiri journalists. The study concluded that both Pakistani and Indian press employed war framing more dominantly than peace framing while reporting Kashmir conflict. A higher instance of peace journalism was recorded in the Pakistani press in comparison to the Indian press. The ideals of peace journalism can be achieved by not justifying human rights violations and by refraining from becoming part of propaganda paradigm
Stock Market Volatility and its Determinants in Pakistan Stock Market
Full text linkStock price volatility is considered as one of the most important areas of concern for the capital markets regulators, investors and academicians in recent years. Corporate dividend policy as a determinant of stock market volatility is a significant area of concern for the investors as well as the managers of the company due to political instability and the current economic crisis in Pakistan. This study aims at determining the effect of significant factors such as dividend yield, dividend payout ratio, foreign exchange rate and foreign direct investment on stock price fluctuation in Pakistan, which contributes to overall variation in stock price volatility. The study used a sample of 200 Pakistani listed companies by employing the regression analysis. The endogeneity issues were addressed through the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation. The study concludes that stock price volatility has a negative association with dividend policy. The study also suggests that foreign direct investment and foreign exchange rates both negatively influence the stock price fluctuations in emerging markets. The findings of this study provide practical implications for the investors, policymakers and firm managers
Exploring the Othering Discourse in the Australian Press
Full text linkRecent research has revealed that the ‘othering’ discourse regarding Islam and Muslims has been increased significantly in the international media. Findings of the latest research provide considerable evidence that Islam and Muslims have been constructed and portrayed in a predominantly stereotypical and problematic way wherein they have been Othered by the Western media. This research paper is set to explore the existence of ‘othering’ discourse in the editorial coverage of Islam and Muslims-them by the two nominated Australian newspapers during January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016. This study has incorporated lexicalization and ideological square strategies within the CDA paradigm proposed by Van Dijk to analyze the editorials published on Islam and Muslims in The Age and The Australian. The results have confirmed that both the newspapers have Othered Islam and Muslims in their editorial contents quite explicitly thus produced the ‘Othering’ discourse during the period under study
Knowledge Gap and Digital Media: Effect of Socio Demographics and eHealth literacy on Perceived Trust in Online Health Information among Female Users
Full text linkThis article make an addition to the growing body of research that explores the significance of demographic factors (Age, Education level and Income) on perceived trust in health information , specifically in the context of knowledge gap hypothesis. A questionnaire-based survey collected data from female students studying at different levels and belonging to different age and income groups. The level of perceived trust in online health information was measured on the bases of these socio demographic differences. Findings revealed that eHealth literacy is a determinant of the perceived trust in online health information (OHI). However, result demonstrate no significant impact of independent variable i-e socio-demographics (age, education level and income) on the perceived trust of users in online sources which shows that digital media technologies are bridging the knowledge gap between haves and haven’t