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L’immaginazione tra forme immateriali e forme materiali nel pensiero di Marsilio Ficino
No full textThe imagination plays an imposing role in the philosophy of Marsilio Ficino. Halfway between immaterial and immaterial forms, this faculty enables the connection between different, and even opposite, levels of reality and knowledge: the material world and the intelligible world, sense-perception and thinking, the body and the mind. Therefore, it is essential to the soul for acquiring awareness of both the external world and itself as an intelligible, yet incarnated, form.The imagination plays an imposing role in the philosophy of Marsilio Ficino. Halfway between immaterial and immaterial forms, this faculty enables the connection between different, and even opposite, levels of reality and knowledge: the material world and the intelligible world, sense-perception and thinking, the body and the mind. Therefore, it is essential to the soul for acquiring awareness of both the external world and itself as an intelligible, yet incarnated, form
La fede sapiente e la coscienza nel paradigma filosofico neo-bonaventuriano
No full textThe apprehension of Being is connaturated to us, but memory, from which the "ut ipsius proles" intelligence arises, is distracted in us. It thus loses its essential transparency. So writes Bonaventure: "He who wants to contemplate the invisible realities of God with respect to the unity of the essence, he has to fix his gaze, first of all, on being itself, and see that being itself is in itself very certain, to the point that it is not possible to think of it as non-existent ”(Itin. V, 3 - V. 308). As the Saint observes (in perfect harmony with the ancient Parmenidean and Platonic traditio), nothingness can only be thought of as an internal negation of the original apprehension of being. We are talking here about inner thinking and conscious participation, or the noein, that is distinguished from all knowledge processes referring to external objects. In fact, "knowing", writes Blondel, "n\u27est qu\u27un aspect du penser"
Il ruolo dell’antropologo forense nei casi di persone scomparse
No full textHuman remains identification, that is, the ability to allocate a name to an unidentified person, is an important part of a wider and complex multidisciplinary process and represents, in forensic and humanitarian contexts, a need for the society as a whole but also a fundamental right of all individuals and their families to avoid the flail of ambiguous loss for relatives seeking for their loved ones. Forensic Anthropologist plays a central role in positive identification of human remains both for the construction of a general identity, i.e., the biological profile, where an identikit is built from the remains and for the process of personal identification, i.e., that of identifying the remains as those of a known person and of attributing the correct name to the person.Human remains identification, that is, the ability to allocate a name to an unidentified person, is an important part of a wider and complex multidisciplinary process and represents, in forensic and humanitarian contexts, a need for the society as a whole but also a fundamental right of all individuals and their families to avoid the flail of ambiguous loss for relatives seeking for their loved ones. Forensic Anthropologist plays a central role in positive identification of human remains both for the construction of a general identity, i.e., the biological profile, where an identikit is built from the remains and for the process of personal identification, i.e., that of identifying the remains as those of a known person and of attributing the correct name to the person
Legal and ethical issues of research on the bones of unidentified persons: a comparative perspective
No full textThis article looks at the legal and ethical issues arising from scientific ad-vances in the fields of bioarchaeological and forensic research on human bones. While DNA-based technologies allow methods of identification that were unthinkable just decades ago, the question arises as to whether legislation and guidelines govern-ing such research are keeping pace with developments. Similarly, new social concerns continue to emerge, as seen for example in the growth of migration and the associ-ated cultural differences. Comparing the legal situation in two civil-law countries (Ita-ly and Norway) and two common-law countries (the UK and the US), we come to the conclusion that – though maybe desirable – no legislation (hard law) is able to cover all legal and ethical aspects of such research, and that soft law in the form of guide-lines, codes of conduct and codes of ethics will continue to fill the legislative gaps. In the same vein, enforcement of these legal and ethical frameworks in the field of re-search would seem to be more in the hands of ethics committees than of the courts.This article looks at the legal and ethical issues arising from scientific ad-vances in the fields of bioarchaeological and forensic research on human bones. While DNA-based technologies allow methods of identification that were unthinkable just decades ago, the question arises as to whether legislation and guidelines govern-ing such research are keeping pace with developments. Similarly, new social concerns continue to emerge, as seen for example in the growth of migration and the associ-ated cultural differences. Comparing the legal situation in two civil-law countries (Ita-ly and Norway) and two common-law countries (the UK and the US), we come to the conclusion that – though maybe desirable – no legislation (hard law) is able to cover all legal and ethical aspects of such research, and that soft law in the form of guide-lines, codes of conduct and codes of ethics will continue to fill the legislative gaps. In the same vein, enforcement of these legal and ethical frameworks in the field of re-search would seem to be more in the hands of ethics committees than of the courts
Vulnerabilità e autodeterminazione
No full text Con la sentenza n. 50 del 2022 la Corte costituzionale si è pronunciata sull’inammissibilità del referendum sull’art. 580 del codice penale. La rilevanza dell’argomento affrontato e la particolare attualità del dibattito sulle scelte di fine vita rappresentano l’occasione per un approfondimento su alcune questioni affrontate nella decisione. BioLaw Journal – Rivista di BioDiritto ha proposto ad alcuni esperti una riflessione su quattro binomi intorno ai quali ruota l’argomentazione della Corte (ammissibilità e inammissibilità; vulnerabilità e autodeterminazione; volontà popolare e ir/responsabilità istituzionale; disponibilità e indisponibilità della vita)
Tutela degli interessi delle generazioni future nel sistema CEDU: quali prospettive scaturiscono da un nuovo Protocollo alla Convenzione europea dei diritti dell’uomo?
No full textIn 2021 the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe renewed its proposal to adopt an optional Protocol to the ECHR on the right to a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment. This proposal explicitly recalls future generations several times as an object of protection and as the holder of this right. Despite the interesting innovative aspects of the proposed text, the adoption of this Protocol would represent a challenge for the ECHR control system in relation to notions such as that of “potential or future victim” or “state jurisdiction”.L’Assemblea parlamentare del Consiglio d’Europa ha rinnovato, nel 2021, la proposta di adottare un Protocollo facoltativo alla CEDU sul diritto ad un ambiente sicuro, pulito, sano e sostenibile, proposta che richiama esplicitamente più volte le generazioni future quale oggetto di tutela e quale titolare del diritto in questione. Nonostante gli interessanti aspetti innovativi del testo proposto, l’eventuale adozione di detto Protocollo rappresenterebbe una sfida per il sistema di controllo CEDU in relazione a nozioni quali quella di “vittima potenziale o futura” o di “giurisdizione statale”
Tanto tuonò che piovve: l’aborto, la polarizzazione politica e la crisi democratica nell’esperienza federale statunitense
No full textAbortion has always been a topic of debate in the US social and legal context. This is an emblematic theme of how difficult it is to find a compromise on an ethical issue in a highly polarized society. The jurisprudential and normative approach through which the theme of the right to abortion has developed provides the researcher with many opportunities to evaluate the legal system. This article aims to trace the fundamental stages, in the American experience, of the complex and criticized jurisprudential affirmation of the right to abortion. Its purpose is to illustrate the articulated implications faced by abortion in American society. The article also examines the recent (highly controversial) Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision by which the Supreme Court overruled Roe v. Wade jurisprudence.Il diritto all’interruzione volontaria della gravidanza rappresenta, da sempre, nel contesto sociale e giuridico statunitense, un argomento di acceso dibattito in quanto costituisce un tema emblematico della difficoltà nel raggiungere, in una società altamente polarizzata un compromesso su di un tema etico che intreccia, inevitabilmente, in qualunque tentativo di bilanciamento, diritti e valori spesso del tutto contrapposti. Il percorso giurisprudenziale e normativo attraverso il quale, nell’esperienza nordamericana, si è snodato il tema del diritto all’aborto è fra i più critici e offre allo studioso numerose occasioni di valutazione dell’ordinamento sotto diversi punti di vista. Il presente contributo si propone di ripercorrere le tappe fondamentali, nell’ambito dell’esperienza statunitense, della complessa e criticata affermazione giurisprudenziale del diritto all’interruzione volontaria della gravidanza illustrando gli articolati risvolti con il quale esso si confronta nella società americana la quale, nell’attuale fase di grave polarizzazione politica e sociale del Paese, esaspera i conflitti ideologici e rinnova tensioni sociali storiche evidentemente non ancora del tutto pacificate finendo, peraltro, per produrre un’alterazione nei ruoli e nei rapporti istituzionali fra i poteri