Investigationes Linguisticae
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Simpler semantics for computational and cognitive linguistics
Full text linkCertain consequences are considered regarding a simpler, more cognitively plausible treatment of semantics in SignBased Construction Grammar, a cognitive, unification- based theory of language. It is proposed that a construction grammar may be able to improve its coverage of core linguistic phenomena in line with minimalist goals (Chomsky 1993). Suggestions are offered regarding relative clauses and wh-expressions to show that a more straightforward account is available, one that allows a unified treatment of scope for quantifiers and wh-expressions
Iść, czyli jechać. Językowy obraz świata w cyklolekcie
Full text linkReconstructing the specific linguistic image of the world embedded in the social varieties of language is one of the major concerns of sociolinguistics. This paper shows that in Polish cycling sociolect two common verbs iść (walk) and chodzić (walk) are used with the meaning of jechać (ride). A huge number of word complexes and phraseological units with these verb analysed by the author justify the opinion reflected in the conceptual metaphor that RIDING A BIKE IS WALKING.Reconstructing the specific linguistic image of the world embedded in the social varieties of language is one of the major concerns of sociolinguistics. This paper shows that in Polish cycling sociolect two common verbs iść (walk) and chodzić (walk) are used with the meaning of jechać (ride). A huge number of word complexes and phraseological units with these verb analysed by the author justify the opinion reflected in the conceptual metaphor that RIDING A BIKE IS WALKING
Speech-event conceptions behind discoursepragmatic characteristics of the construction ‘do and see’ in East Asian languages
Full text linkThis study addresses the semantic and functional diversities of the construction literally meaning ‘do and see’ in three East Asian languages: Japanese, Korean, and Ainu. The literal sense is dominant in Ainu, the tentative sense is predominant in Japanese, and the experiential sense as well as the tentative sense is very common in Korean. The study advances a discourse-pragmatic analysis with respect to speech-event conceptions that underlie the different senses of the construction
Testing Epistemic Injustice
Full text linkThis work builds on the trivial observation that everyone is not trusted equally. One’s gender, ethnic group, occupation etc. will affect how one’s information is believed and interpreted by others. We begin by reviewing past approaches to reliability and epistemic injustice, and the factors which affect how one’s reliability is evaluated by others in discourse. We then discuss recent experimental results which show that the linguistic manipulation of gender seems to affect the strategies with which the source’s reliability is evaluated. We argue that masculine sources benefit from more charitable assumptions than feminine ones. To support this claim, we present the results of a fine-grained categorization task. The results of this task seem to support our claim about charity, i.e. that a masculine source can more easily claim competence about a topic categorized as feminine, whereas the converse appears less true
Zapożyczenia leksykalne w cyklolekcie
Full text linkThere is an abundance of loanwords (especially English) in Polish cycling sociolect. After a presentation of basic facts on the different types of borrowings (lexical loans, semantic loans and loan translations), about 600 English lexical loans divided into semantic classes (e.g. cycling disciplines, riders, equipment) are analyzed in the article. This is accompanied by a discussion of the most striking characteristics of their graphic, phonological, morphological and semantic adaptation into the Polish language
Dylematy nauczyciela akademickiego kierującego seminarium magisterskim w ramach studiów tłumaczeniowych
Full text linkThe following paper discusses the role of an MA seminar and an MA thesis in the process of education of professional translators who are more oriented toward gaining knowledge and skills instead of research activities. The Author, basing upon own experiences, aims to present dilemmas which academic teachers face while conducting such seminars as well as to explain how they can target students’ actions, so they can combine research activities with professional practice as part of a given educational path
Incipient Musings on Theory and Formation of Modern Korean Digraphia
Full text linkThis article explores modern Korean digraphia, its chracteristics, duality and formation. The author posits that the essential axis of argumentation of the Korean digraphic debate related to the applications of Chinese characters and Korean phonetic script was formed by the early part of the twentieth century, and would be recapitulated in the two Koreas against the backdrop of post-colonial metanarration and Cold War politics. The author asserts that the functional and synchronic nature of modern Korean digraphia was formed under the influence of the Lyotardian modernity emancipation and speculative (science) metanarratives, as well as the discourse of modern Korean nationalism, which synchronically formed in the Korean assertion of national identity and idependence, during Koreaʼs struggle against imperialism
Norma i uzus w dydaktyce przekładu specjalistycznego wobec oczekiwań rynku pracy
Full text linkThe author focuses on issues related to university teaching of interpretation and translation: consecutive interpretation and sight translation in respect of a specialist language, in particular the economic one. The starting point for further considerations is the presentation of the characteristics of the above-mentioned specialist language and the question regarding the role and importance of specialist knowledge and quality criteria in the process of interpretation and translation teaching. From the viewpoint of author’s own teaching and practical experience, an attempt is made to diversify priorities, goals and methodological approaches in relation to the above-mentioned forms of interpretation and translation. Market requirements and expectations of potential employers, resulting from job advertisements, become of a particular importance in this context, as they need to be taken into consideration in order to optimize teaching of interpretation and translation
Wiederholungsfiguren in der Übersetzung Figures of repetition in translation
Full text linkThis article aims to look at the problems of translating of the figures of repetition present in texts. Based on Lotman\u27s distinction between the primary and secondary modeling system the value of repetitions in text will depend on the assignment to either one of the systems. Only in the second case will the repetitions not be blamed for redundancy, but recognized as legitimate artistic means. Whether on the phonological, morphological, syntactic or lexical level, the semiotic perspective turns out to be useful, both in terms of repetitions as well as the translation process.Artykuł ma na celu przyjrzenie się problemom przekładu figur powtórzenia obecnych w tekstach. W oparciu o łotmanowskie rozróżnienie między pierwotnym i sekundarnym systemem modelującym wartość powtórzeń w tekście zależeć będzie od przyporządkowania do jednego z systemów. Tylko w drugim przypadku powtórzenia nie zostaną obciążone winą redundancji, lecz mają szansę zyskać uznanie jako pełnoprawne środki artystyczne. Czy to na płaszczyźnie fonologicznej, morfologicznej, składniowej czy leksykalnej przydatnym okazuje się perspektywa semiotyczna, zarówno w odniesieniu do samych powtórzeń, jak również procesu przekładu
W mocy tekstu
Full text linkThe text hereby presented is written in the form of an essay and, at the same time, it promotes this form – as a particular, cognitively efficient model of philosophical as well scientific investigations. It contains analytical deliberations on the sophisticated relations between a philosophical text and its nominal author who is governed by the internal logic of the narration and who ‘vanishes’ while writing. There are also the issues of an author’s professional methodological responsibility for the writing as well as the creative-interpretational function of addressees taken into account. Some necessary references to the philosophy of science as well as the philosophy of language are present in the essay, too. And within this scope, an explanatory narration is identified with a parameterization of the world being explained or described; and the so-called description always remains preferential. A significant part of the article contains some remarks about the Polish education system in the context of both tradition and perspectives of the development of European culture. What is particularly stressed is the role of the humanities in the process of educating young people who should be responsible enough to take care of the axio-variety of human culture in the future. Therefore, the conceptions of the so-called area ethics and culture enrichment ethics are emphasized as well.