Investigationes Linguisticae
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Poznańska leksyka regionalna w świetle koncepcji geografii myślenia Richarda E. Nisbetta
Get PDFThis article is an attempt to use the Richard Nisbett’s observations (the differences in the structure of parts of speech in the languages of East and West) to the Polish language and Poznań regional vocabulary. The analysis applies only to the lexical system, rather than the structure of words in texts. Studies confirm that the Polish language lexical system - both general and regional - is close to the languages of the West.This article is an attempt to use the Richard Nisbett’s observations (the differences in the structure of parts of speech in the languages of East and West) to the Polish language and Poznań regional vocabulary. The analysis applies only to the lexical system, rather than the structure of words in texts. Studies confirm that the Polish language lexical system - both general and regional - is close to the languages of the West
Problematyka polskiej leksyki ogólnej w świetle Nisbettowskiej koncepcji geograficzno-kulturowych uwarunkowań myślenia
Get PDFThe article deals with Nisbett’s conception of geography of thought and its linguistic confirmations. Basing on Nisbett’s theses the problem of Polish mentality and language is concerned. That is why lexis and some others linguistic aspects are analysed in purpose to find the answer for the question if Polish thought is more like Asian or more like Western. The main focus for research is the grammatical structure of Polish lexis, the percentage of polysemous words in Polish language and the generic usage of Polish nouns.The article deals with Nisbett’s conception of geography of thought and its linguistic confirmations. Basing on Nisbett’s theses the problem of Polish mentality and language is concerned. That is why lexis and some others linguistic aspects are analysed in purpose to find the answer for the question if Polish thought is more like Asian or more like Western. The main focus for research is the grammatical structure of Polish lexis, the percentage of polysemous words in Polish language and the generic usage of Polish nouns
Składniowe wyznaczniki przynależności kulturowej
Get PDFThe starting point for the discussion is the hypothesis of Richard E. Nisbett about differences of thinking and communication systems between people of the East and the West. It is significant that these differences have specific linguistic markers, on syntactic level as well. Therefore, the aim of this text is an attempt to answer the question: how the syntactic subsystem of the contemporary Polish language is located in indicated dichotomy. It appears that the answer is not easy and requires consideration of many aspects of this problem. The final conclusion, however, tends to the statement that the Polish syntax is the complex unit and includes the features of both communication systems – east and west – but we can notice the gravity to the West.The starting point for the discussion is the hypothesis of Richard E. Nisbett about differences of thinking and communication systems between people of the East and the West. It is significant that these differences have specific linguistic markers, on syntactic level as well. Therefore, the aim of this text is an attempt to answer the question: how the syntactic subsystem of the contemporary Polish language is located in indicated dichotomy. It appears that the answer is not easy and requires consideration of many aspects of this problem. The final conclusion, however, tends to the statement that the Polish syntax is the complex unit and includes the features of both communication systems – east and west – but we can notice the gravity to the West
Rzeczownikowość a czasownikowość kategorii słowotwórczych rzeczownika w języku polskim
Get PDFThe article has one aim: research correlation between Nisbett’s conception of geography of thought and its linguistic confirmations, on the word-formation level. I analysed word-formation categories of Polish noun. Thesis about Western property of Polish derivative system (and polish thought, categorization) take the confirmation.The article has one aim: research correlation between Nisbett’s conception of geography of thought and its linguistic confirmations, on the word-formation level. I analysed word-formation categories of Polish noun. Thesis about Western property of Polish derivative system (and polish thought, categorization) take the confirmation
Wymowa sceniczna w śpiewie
Get PDFThis article is to explain why listeners often find it hard to understand the opera singing, and to emphasize the importance of singers’ and conductors’ awareness of diction in singing. The author defines the term “diction in classical singing”, what exactly the subject of this discipline is and what problems and difficulties may both singers and diction coaches encounter in the process of preparing the textual layer of a musical piece.This article is to explain why listeners often find it hard to understand the opera singing, and to emphasize the importance of singers’ and conductors’ awareness of diction in singing. The author defines the term “diction in classical singing”, what exactly the subject of this discipline is and what problems and difficulties may both singers and diction coaches encounter in the process of preparing the textual layer of a musical piece
Próba porównania polskiego bezokolicznika i greckiego trybu zależnego
Get PDFThe objective of the paper is an attempt of comparison of Polish infinitive verbal category and Greek conjunctive mood . The main attention was paid to differences and similarities both of their morphology and functions. The present paper can be divided into three main parts. Firstly, the question of the aspect of Polish infinitive and of conjunctive in Greek is raised. Secondly, the morphology of Polish infinitive and Greek conjunctive systems are presented and compared, showing how different these languages are at this point. Part three concerns similarities and differences in usage of the Polish infinitive and the Greek conjunctive construction according to the aspectuality. The research showed that although most of the functions of the aspects are similar, their usage can differ according to speaker’s intentions. Moreover, the main difference between the languages in question is based on a different interpretation of the closed-time expressions.The objective of the paper is an attempt of comparison of Polish infinitive verbal category and Greek conjunctive mood . The main attention was paid to differences and similarities both of their morphology and functions. The present paper can be divided into three main parts. Firstly, the question of the aspect of Polish infinitive and of conjunctive in Greek is raised. Secondly, the morphology of Polish infinitive and Greek conjunctive systems are presented and compared, showing how different these languages are at this point. Part three concerns similarities and differences in usage of the Polish infinitive and the Greek conjunctive construction according to the aspectuality. The research showed that although most of the functions of the aspects are similar, their usage can differ according to speaker’s intentions. Moreover, the main difference between the languages in question is based on a different interpretation of the closed-time expressions
Logika Dignāgi – problemy interpretacji
Get PDFIn the article an example of logic and epistemology of the Buddhist philosopher Dignaga indicates some limitations of both standard logic languages and adequacy of basic epistemological concepts: meaning and truth. Contrary to the methodological lines suggested by Łukasiewicz and Schayer, the structure of inference schema anumāna is not determined by truth-functional operator between sentences. Semantic inference structure is determined by generic name, relation qualifications on the basis of distributive or collective class. The Buddhist inference can not be reflected by the relationship between a cause and an effect. The recognition of the thesis is the result of applying the operation to the exclusion (apoha) of other meanings for the hetu premise. At the level of syntax, the cognitive act of agreement with the thesis of inference (based on the exclusion of other meanings for the hetu) is expressed with the ablative case (separation) by the suffix “-at”.In the article an example of logic and epistemology of the Buddhist philosopher Dignaga indicates some limitations of both standard logic languages and adequacy of basic epistemological concepts: meaning and truth. Contrary to the methodological lines suggested by Łukasiewicz and Schayer, the structure of inference schema anumāna is not determined by truth-functional operator between sentences. Semantic inference structure is determined by generic name, relation qualifications on the basis of distributive or collective class. The Buddhist inference can not be reflected by the relationship between a cause and an effect. The recognition of the thesis is the result of applying the operation to the exclusion (apoha) of other meanings for the hetu premise. At the level of syntax, the cognitive act of agreement with the thesis of inference (based on the exclusion of other meanings for the hetu) is expressed with the ablative case (separation) by the suffix “-at”
Zwierzęta w chińskim: wartościowania i tabu
Get PDFThis work is the result of an ethnolinguistic research in the animal lexical area. The analysis is based on the notion of the linguistic picture of the world (LPW). One of the underlying elements of LPW is division of the world into taboo (the sacred) and noa (the profane). This division is reflected in various idiomatical expressions, which serve as the basis of this work. The aim of this study was to outline the system of values connected to animal symbolism. The author has analysed Chinese word combinations containing 6 zodiac animals. These animals seem to be an important part of Chinese culture with a high symbolic load. The Zodiac in the beliefs of the Chinese carries a positive meaning. However, the analysis of the idioms containing the names of the zodiac animals provides completely different conclusions. On the basis of the lexical material, it can be concluded that various types of symbolism are attributed to the zodiac animals in the Chinese language, not always resulting from their place in mythology. This work is the result of an ethnolinguistic research in the animal lexical area. The analysis is based on the notion of the linguistic picture of the world (LPW). One of the underlying elements of LPW is division of the world into taboo (the sacred) and noa (the profane). This division is reflected in various idiomatical expressions, which serve as the basis of this work. The aim of this study was to outline the system of values connected to animal symbolism. The author has analysed Chinese word combinations containing 6 zodiac animals. These animals seem to be an important part of Chinese culture with a high symbolic load. The Zodiac in the beliefs of the Chinese carries a positive meaning. However, the analysis of the idioms containing the names of the zodiac animals provides completely different conclusions. On the basis of the lexical material, it can be concluded that various types of symbolism are attributed to the zodiac animals in the Chinese language, not always resulting from their place in mythology.
GRA W NAZYWANIE Z PREFERENCYJNYM WYBOREM PARTNERÓW
Get PDFIn this paper, a naming game on an adaptive weighted network is examined. A weight of connection for a given pair of agents depends on their communication success rate and determines the probability with which the agents communicate. When the preference toward successfully communicating agents is not so strong, the model behaves similarly to the naming game on a complete graph. In particular, it quickly reaches a single-language state, albeit some details of the dynamics are different from the complete-graph version. Much different behaviour appears when the preference toward successfully communicating agents is stronger and the model gets trapped in a multi-language regime. In this case gradual coarsening and extinction of languages lead to the emergence of a dominant language, albeit with some other languages still being present. A comparison of distribution of languages in the model and in the human population is discussed.In this paper, a naming game on an adaptive weighted network is examined. A weight of connection for a given pair of agents depends on their communication success rate and determines the probability with which the agents communicate. When the preference toward successfully communicating agents is not so strong, the model behaves similarly to the naming game on a complete graph. In particular, it quickly reaches a single-language state, albeit some details of the dynamics are different from the complete-graph version. Much different behaviour appears when the preference toward successfully communicating agents is stronger and the model gets trapped in a multi-language regime. In this case gradual coarsening and extinction of languages lead to the emergence of a dominant language, albeit with some other languages still being present. A comparison of distribution of languages in the model and in the human population is discussed.
Logiczne aspekty języka (naturalnego)
Get PDF"The paper consists of two parts.Part one presents a number of ambiguities the title of the volume conveys in each of its three Polish lexemes (which are rather similar to the ones used in the English version of the tile). The context of the Birthday leads the author to choose a meaning of the title and accept it as defining the area of further investigation. Part two poses two main questions: 1) does natural language exist in a non – individual way? The answer suggested is it may exist as a result of an (free-will) compromise. Finally, part two addresses metalinguistic questions: a)is formal logic a specialized part of linguistics and b) may one present a methodological evaluation of formal works? Both of these are answered with a tentative yes. ""The paper consists of two parts.Part one presents a number of ambiguities the title of the volume conveys in each of its three Polish lexemes (which are rather similar to the ones used in the English version of the tile). The context of the Birthday leads the author to choose a meaning of the title and accept it as defining the area of further investigation. Part two poses two main questions: 1) does natural language exist in a non – individual way? The answer suggested is it may exist as a result of an (free-will) compromise. Finally, part two addresses metalinguistic questions: a)is formal logic a specialized part of linguistics and b) may one present a methodological evaluation of formal works? Both of these are answered with a tentative yes. "