Investigationes Linguisticae
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Konferenzbericht: 33. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Interlinguistik
Full text linkKonferenzbericht: 33. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Interlinguistik e. V., Berlin, 24.–26.11.2023
On “gardens” and “cars”: Otto Jespersen’s metaphors for Interlinguistics and his quest for the best language
Full text linkWith this paper, I intend to present some theoretical contributions that Jespersen made to the field of Interlinguistics, by analysing some images he used for understanding the field of Interlinguistics and the character of interlanguages, based on his articles published from 1921 to 1933: “Artificial languages after the World War” (AL 1921), “History of our language” (HL 1921); “Introduction, an international language” (IL 1928), “Interlinguistics” (I 1931) and “Nature and art in language” (NA 1933). I assume here a broad definition of Interlinguistics, as the interdisciplinary branch of linguistic knowledge dealing with international communication by means of interlanguages, which can be both ethnic languages used as a common ground for speakers of different mother tongues, and created languages, such as Esperanto, designed for international and intercultural communication. I approach particularly the concepts and terminology proposed by Jespersen to refer to these interlanguages and the parameters and norms for the construction, standardization and adoption of a planned language for international communication. I do not intend to present a general overview of Jespersen’s contributions to Theoretical Linguistics or to English Language Studies.With this paper, I intend to present some theoretical contributions that Jespersen made to the field of Interlinguistics, by analysing some images he used for understanding the field of Interlinguistics and the character of interlanguages, based on his articles published from 1921 to 1933: “Artificial languages after the World War” (AL 1921), “History of our language” (HL 1921); “Introduction, an international language” (IL 1928), “Interlinguistics” (I 1931) and “Nature and art in language” (NA 1933). I assume here a broad definition of Interlinguistics, as the interdisciplinary branch of linguistic knowledge dealing with international communication by means of interlanguages, which can be both ethnic languages used as a common ground for speakers of different mother tongues, and created languages, such as Esperanto, designed for international and intercultural communication. I approach particularly the concepts and terminology proposed by Jespersen to refer to these interlanguages and the parameters and norms for the construction, standardization and adoption of a planned language for international communication. I do not intend to present a general overview of Jespersen’s contributions to Theoretical Linguistics or to English Language Studies
Tavaszi képek Ady két versében
Full text linkJelen tanulmány a funkcionális kognitív szemantika és poétika alapján (Stockwell 2002; Simon 2016) vizsgálja a lírai én reprezentációját Ady Endre költészetében. A tanulmány a személyjelölésre fókuszál elsősorban, annak nyelvi és poétikai környezetének alakulására és a természeti képekkel való relációjára.
A tanulmány célja, hogy a természeti képek közül az évszakok (azon belül is a tavasz) nyelvi reprezentációját és a lírai én viszonyának kapcsolatát értelmezze. Az írás a következő szempontok alapján épül fel: 1. a lírai én megközelítési módjai a lírai diskurzusra és annak résztvevőire összpontosítva, 2. természeti képek értelmezése, 3. végül pedig Ady Endre választott verseinek elemzése
IX Uroczysty Kongres Polonistów i Bibliotekarzy im. prof. Tadeusza Zgółki. Twórczy wymiar kształcenia polonistycznego: język a kultura cyfrowa
Full text linkIX Uroczysty Kongres Polonistów i Bibliotekarzy im. prof. Tadeusza Zgółki. Twórczy wymiar kształcenia polonistycznego: język a kultura cyfrowa. Warszawa 24.11.2023. Raport
On the Alternation between Complex Prepositions and Adverbial Prepositions in Esperanto, such as en la mezo de vs. meze de / en la kadro de vs. kadre de
Full text linkThe grammar of Esperanto allows a derived adverbial to replace the initial element in any complex prepositional phrase, thus creating a range of equivalent structures such as en la mezo de / meze de ‘in the middle of’, en la kadro de / kadre de ‘in the framework of’ etc. This ‘adverbial alternation’ raises a number of questions. Are Adv Ps interchangeable with their Complex P counterparts? Do they occur with the same frequency? Does lexicalisation operate in the same way in Esperanto as it does in other languages? Here I examine a sample of alternating structures in a corpus of standard written Esperanto (Tekstaro >10 million tokens). While many pairs seem to be interchangeable, others appear to be developing contrastive use. The use of idioms and other marked units of phraseology is often seen as evidence that Esperanto has become an autonomous language. Here I point to evidence of less marked, more routine patterns of discourse which are unique to this speech community.The grammar of Esperanto allows a derived adverbial to replace the initial element in any complex prepositional phrase, thus creating a range of equivalent structures such as en la mezo de / meze de ‘in the middle of’, en la kadro de / kadre de ‘in the framework of’ etc. This ‘adverbial alternation’ raises a number of questions. Are Adv Ps interchangeable with their Complex P counterparts? Do they occur with the same frequency? Does lexicalisation operate in the same way in Esperanto as it does in other languages? Here I examine a sample of alternating structures in a corpus of standard written Esperanto (Tekstaro >10 million tokens). While many pairs seem to be interchangeable, others appear to be developing contrastive use. The use of idioms and other marked units of phraseology is often seen as evidence that Esperanto has become an autonomous language. Here I point to evidence of less marked, more routine patterns of discourse which are unique to this speech community
The invention of Romanal: Re-evaluating the Reputation of an Esperanto Hero
Full text linkAlfred Michaux’s is a name known to members of the Esperanto Movement who are knowledgeable about its glorious early days. Among the most prominent of the pioneers, he was a friend of the language’s creator, and the person who set up the first international congress, an annual tradition which only the two World Wars and the coronavirus pandemic have interrupted. What is generally not known about Michaux is that he ceased his activity for Esperanto within a few years, creating his own planned language, Romanal. Nor is his name associated with a damaging schism within the Esperanto Movement, the Ido Crisis, as it should be
Le lexique de l\u27espéranto : origine, stratégie et évolution
Full text linkÀ partir d\u27une classification générale des langues construites (langues auxiliaires internationales ; langues a priori ou a posteriori ; schématiques ou naturalistes), l\u27article envisage la situation particulière de l\u27espéranto, qui est passé de l\u27état de projet de langue à celui de langue vivante. La prise en compte du domaine lexical permet de voir les choix opérés par le concepteur initial de la langue, notamment en termes de convergence et de divergence étymologique, et par suite, de comprendre les potentialités d\u27évolution offertes aux locuteurs. Nous proposons d\u27interpréter cette incomplétude initiale de façon positive, comme le résultat d\u27une stratégie pensée afin de rendre possible l\u27évolution ultérieure de la langue. Les tendances qui s\u27efforcent depuis lors de réorganiser le lexique (afin d\u27augmenter la régularité interne de la langue, ou bien de préserver la fidélité aux langues sources) sont le témoignage de cette position d\u27équilibre instable initialement souhaitée par le concepteur de la langue.À partir d\u27une classification générale des langues construites (langues auxiliaires internationales ; langues a priori ou a posteriori ; schématiques ou naturalistes), l\u27article envisage la situation particulière de l\u27espéranto, qui est passé de l\u27état de projet de langue à celui de langue vivante. La prise en compte du domaine lexical permet de voir les choix opérés par le concepteur initial de la langue, notamment en termes de convergence et de divergence étymologique, et par suite, de comprendre les potentialités d\u27évolution offertes aux locuteurs. Nous proposons d\u27interpréter cette incomplétude initiale de façon positive, comme le résultat d\u27une stratégie pensée afin de rendre possible l\u27évolution ultérieure de la langue. Les tendances qui s\u27efforcent depuis lors de réorganiser le lexique (afin d\u27augmenter la régularité interne de la langue, ou bien de préserver la fidélité aux langues sources) sont le témoignage de cette position d\u27équilibre instable initialement souhaitée par le concepteur de la langue
Nyelvében él a kor
Full text linkThe vocabulary of a language is constantly evolving, with new elements appearing and others passing out of usage, so it can reveal a lot about the time period in which it is studied as well as the worldview of its users. Through a study of Hungarian language usage, including words and expressions, some of the characteristics of the socialist era, the period after the regime change and of recent years can be illuminated. A comparison of them as well, as a comparison between an Internet survey of 10 years ago and a more recent one shows the changes in political, social, economic and cultural life, the multiplication of problems and the gloomy mood in Hungary
“Chatty listeners” Listener feedback on language cultivation in Hungarian radio
Full text linkLanguage cultivation is an integral part of Hungarian culture, the diversity and complexity of which cannot be compared to that of other countries. Kossuth Radio\u27s programme Édes anyanyelvünk ‘Our Sweet Mother Tongue’ is an important forum for Hungarian language cultivation. Letters sent to the editors from the listeners comprise an instructive document of lay linguistics. In this pilot study, we processed three months\u27 worth of letters, looking for answers to questions about who, what and how they ask, while also examining attitudes towards the mother tongue
Tolkien: Esperanto, Sindarin and Welsh
Full text linkLa majstroverko de Tolkien estas sendube La Mastro de la Ringoj, en kiu la aŭtoro rakontas fantastan epopeon de lando, kiun li nomas Meza Tero. Por ĉi tiu mondo, li kreis almenaŭ dek kvar lingvojn, unu por ĉiuj popoloj, kiuj enloĝas ĝin. La du plej bone konataj estas Quenya kaj Sindarin, kiuj estas la lingvoj, kiujn parolis la Elfoj. Dum sia tuta vivo, Tolkien interesiĝis pri lingvoj, aparte mezepokaj ĝermanaj lingvoj, sed li ankaŭ multe amis la kimran lingvon, kaj multe admiris la finnan. Unu el la ĉefaj kialoj de tiuj admiro kaj amo de tiuj lingvoj estis la fakto, ke ĉiuj posedis literaturon, kiun li konsideris eposa kaj epopea, kaj li esprimis bedaŭron, ke la moderna angla ne havis tian literaturon. Junaĝe, li promesis verki epopeojn por dediĉi al la angla kaj la angla nacio. Kiam li unue renkontis Esperanton, li plene subtenis ĝiajn idealojn, sed, pro la fakto, ke la lingvo estis tro juna por posedi eposan literaturon, li iom post iom forlasis la movadon. Uzante sian konon de la finna lingvo, lia unua provo de lingvokreado estis la pra-Quenya, en kiu li verkis poezion. Li poste kreis Sindarin-on, bazita sur la kimra lingvo. Li verkis la epopeon La Mastro de la Ringo, por doni al siaj lingvaj kreaĵoj kvazaŭan historian fundamenton. Sindarin kaj Quenya pluevoluis kaj estas nun parolataj de komunumoj tra la tuta mondo