R-USJ Institutional Repository (Universidad San Jorge)
Not a member yet
2877 research outputs found
Sort by
Analysing the Influence of Speed and Jumping Performance Metrics on the Percentage Change of Direction Deficit in Adolescent Female Soccer Players
No full textStudies show that although female soccer players often have shorter change of direction (COD) deficits than males, indicating different biomechanical profiles, there is a lack of research on the impact of physical metrics on COD performance in females. The purpose of this work was to analyse whether performance metrics based on speed and jumping could explain the variation in %CODD in young female soccer players. Thirty-three highly trained adolescent female soccer players with an age of 16 ± 0.95 years, a body mass of 55.7 ± 7.22 kg, and a height of 160.4 ± 5.22 cm performed COD180 tests, 10 m and 30 m sprint tests, single-leg countermovement, and horizontal jumps. Acceleration in the first 10 m of a sprint was identified as a significant predictor of COD180 performance (R2 = 28%), (R2 = 50%), (p < 0.01), indicating that early sprint performance may largely determine an individual’s ability to change direction. However, no predictors were found for %CODD. Significant correlations were observed between COD180 performance and %CODD, acceleration, linear speed, and horizontal jump performance (r = −0.59 to 0.70; p < 0.05). The study suggests that specific physical performance metrics, particularly early acceleration, are crucial for enhancing COD skills in female soccer players, emphasizing the need for targeted training interventions.This work was supported by the research project “Indicadores para la Búsqueda y Selección Deportiva Infanto-Juvenil”; approved by the Dirección Provincial del Deportes de Pinar del Ro No: 10012023-DPD-m-Pinar del Ro, Republica de Cuba and the research Project “Optimización del
Proceso de Dirección del Entrenamiento en Deportes de Cooperación/Oposición”; approved by the Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT), Proyecto Prometeo.This work was supported by the research project “Indicadores para la Búsqueda y Selección Deportiva Infanto-Juvenil”; approved by the Dirección Provincial del Deportes de Pinar del Ro No: 10012023-DPD-m-Pinar del Ro, Republica de Cuba and the research Project “Optimización del Proceso de Dirección del Entrenamiento en Deportes de Cooperación/Oposición”; approved by the Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENESCYT), Proyecto Promete
Efectividad de la electrolisis percutánea intratisular en síndrome de cintilla iliotibial en corredores por montaña: Protocolo de ensayo clínico aleatorizado
No full textIntroducción: El trail running ha experimentado un gran crecimiento desde el siglo XXI, resultando en un aumento de incidencia de lesiones por sobreuso. Uno de ellos es el síndrome de cintilla iliotibial (ITBS). A pesar de su frecuencia, aún no se comprende bien su mecanismo lesional ni sus factores de riesgo. El tratamiento tradicional, basado en el alivio sintomático y fortalecimiento, no siempre produce resultados satisfactorios, requiriendo a veces de cirugía. La electrolisis percutánea intratisular (EPI), aplicada frecuentemente en tendinopatías, se ha propuesto como una opción terapéutica complementaria viable, dada la similitud estructural entre la cintilla iliotibial y el tendón. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del ejercicio terapéutico convencional combinado con EPI para reducir el dolor y mejorar la función y los parámetros histopatológicos en corredores de trail con ITBS. Metodología: 40 corredores de montaña, de entre 18-40 años, con ITBS en fase avanzada fueron incluidos y divididos en dos grupos. El grupo control recibió el tratamiento convencional basado en fortalecimiento y el grupo experimental recibió el mismo tratamiento junto con la EPI. Se realizaron evaluaciones al inicio del tratamiento, al finalizar (a los 3 meses) y a los 6 meses. Se utilizaron la escala visual analógica (EVA), escala “Lower extremity functional scale” (LEFS) y ecografía para evaluar cambios intergrupo e intragrupo mediante ANOVA 2x3. Discusión: Se espera que la EPI combinado con ejercicio reduzca el dolor. Se considera que la mejora de la función sea secundaria a la disminución del dolor. Se prevé que la correlación entre los cambios histopatológicos y la mejora clínica no será directa, sugiriendo que los cambios estructurales requieren más tiempo para normalizarse. Conclusión: La combinación de EPI con ejercicio terapéutico puede ser una opción efectiva para disminuir el dolor y mejorar la función y los parámetros histopatológicos como alternativa para pacientes que no responden bien al tratamiento conservador.Background: Trail running has experienced significant growth since the 21st century. This fact has increased the incidence of overuse injuries, such as iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS). Despite its frequency, the underlying mechanism and associated risk factors remain incompletely understood. Traditional treatments, based on symptomatic relief and muscle strengthening, are not always successful and may require surgery. Percutaneous intratissue electrolysis (EPI), commonly employed in tendon pathologies, has been suggested as a possible complementary therapeutic approach, given the structural similarity between the iliotibial band and tendon. Nevertheless, further research is needed. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of conventional therapeutic exercise combined with EPI in reducing pain and improving function and histopathological parameters in trail runners with ITBS. Methods: 40 mountain runners, aged 18-40, with advanced ITBS were included and divided into two groups. The control group received conventional treatment based on strengthening, while the experimental group received the same treatment along with EPI. Evaluations were conducted before starting treatment, at the end of treatment (at 3 months), and at the following up at 6 months. The visual analogue scale (VAS), Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), and ultrasound were used to evaluate intergroup and intragroup changes using a 2x3 ANOVA model.
Discussion: It is expected that EPI combined with exercise will reduce pain. Improvement in function will be secondary to pain reduction. It is anticipated that the correlation between histopathological changes and clinical improvement will not be direct, suggesting that structural changes require more time to normalize. Conclusion: The combination of EPI with therapeutic exercise may be an effective option for decreasing pain and improving function and histopathological parameters as an alternative for patients who do not respond well to conservative treatment
More than effort, it’s dedicating time and perseverance.” experiences of physical activity and physical exercise in stroke survivor with high functional capacity: a qualitative study
Get PDFBackground: Stroke survivors exhibit sedentary behavior, and many do not engage in physical activity and exercise for a number of reasons. Secondary prevention through physical activity is a priority to
avoid a new stroke or disease.
Objective: To describe the experience of stroke survivors with maintained walking ability living in Spain regarding physical activity and exercise.
Methods: A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted. Purposive sampling was carried out to include 35 stroke survivors who had stroke more than 6 months ago from 14 neurorehabilitation centers in 24 cities in Spain. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and researchers’ field notes. The Giorgi approach was used for the qualitative analysis of the data collected.
Results: Three themes emerged: a) Changes in the experience of physical activity and exercise adaptation; b) Reasons for and against the practice of physical activity and exercise; c) Experiencing tiredness and fatigue.
Conclusions: Our results show the individual post-stroke perception of each person, the reasons for and against the practice of physical activity and exercise, as well as the impact this has on their daily
life and activity. These results will help health professionals to understand the needs of stroke survivors when prescribing physical activity and exercise included in intervention programs.
IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION
Previous experience and the current situation impact individually on the performance of physical activity and exercise in each stroke survivor.
The influence of individual and environmental factors must be considered in the readaptation of physical activity after a stroke.
Successful adherence to physical activity and exercise in stroke survivors, requires knowledge of the individual’s perception and preferences.
Physical activity needs to be adapted to the multifactorial background and progression of stroke survivors, ambulation being a suitable approach
The relationship between levels of physical activity and participation in everyday life in stroke survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFBackground: Stroke survivors demonstrate decreased physical activity (PA) and take time to return to participation in everyday life, but the relationship between the two variables is unknown. Objective: To investigate the correlation and trajectory over time between levels of PA and participation in everyday life in stroke survivors. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Rehabilitation&Sport Medicine Source, and PEDro databases were searched from inception to January 2024. Cross-sectional and prospective studies evaluating both levels of PA and participation in stroke survivors were included. Two reviewers independently conducted the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Meta-analyses of pooled correlation coefficients were calculated when at least two studies reported a correlation coefficient between the same PA and participation outcomes. Results: Of 4962 studies identified, 49 were included in the systematic review. Studies were rated high (55%%) or fair (45%) quality. A wide range of monitoring methodologies for assessing PA and participation were found in the 23 prospective studies. Seven studies were included in the meta-analyses, showing a positive moderate correlation between PA time and participation in activities of daily living (n = 148; r = 0.52; P < 0.01; I2 = 81%) in participants <6 months post-stroke, and between PA time and the participation in all areas (n = 126; r = 0.44; P < 0.01; I2 = 0%) in participants ≥6 months post-stroke. Overall, while PA showed significant improvements over time, participation only showed a tendency. Conclusions: Despite the heterogeneity, consistent positive associations were found between PA time and participation levels in some areas. Establishing consensus is crucial to reduce heterogeneity and facilitate data pooling
Efecto de la realidad virtual inmersiva en el equilibrio y la calidad de vida en personas con la enfermedad de Parkinson: protocolo de ensayo clínico aleatorizado
Get PDFIntroducción: La enfermedad de Parkinson causa síntomas motores incapacitantes, como problemas de equilibrio que afectan la calidad de vida. La fisioterapia es un tratamiento común para mejorar estos síntomas, y la realidad virtual inmersiva emerge como una herramienta prometedora en su tratamiento. Esta intervención muestra promesas en estudios recientes, pero se necesita más investigación para confirmar su eficacia.
Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la realidad virtual inmersiva en el equilibrio y la calidad de vida de las personas con enfermedad de Parkinson durante 8 semanas, frente a un tratamiento convencional de fisioterapia.
Material y método: El estudio consiste en un ensayo clínico aleatorizado que divide a los participantes en dos grupos mediante una aleatorización estratificada por bloques según la gravedad de la enfermedad. El grupo experimental recibirá tratamiento con realidad virtual inmersiva, mientras que el grupo de control recibirá fisioterapia convencional. La intervención durará 8 semanas, seguida de un período de seguimiento de 3 meses. Se evaluarán las variables de equilibrio y calidad de vida utilizando la Berg Balance Scale, el Mini-BESTest y el PDQ-39. Además, se analizarán posibles efectos adversos de la realidad virtual inmersiva utilizando el cuestionario SSQ. Resultados esperados: Se espera una mejora significativa del equilibrio y de la calidad de vida en los participantes tratados con realidad virtual inmersiva a corto y largo plazo. Conclusión: Se espera que la terapia de realidad virtual inmersiva mejore las puntuaciones de equilibrio (BBS y Mini-BESTest) y la calidad de vida (PDQ-39) de los participantes. Se cree que los resultados del grupo experimental serán igual de efectivos que los del grupo de control y que los efectos adversos de la intervención serán identificados.Introduction: Parkinson's disease causes disabling motor symptoms such as balance problems that affect quality of life. Physiotherapy is a common treatment to improve these symptoms, and immersive virtual reality emerges as a promising tool in its treatment. This intervention shows promise in recent studies, but further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness. Objective: To evaluate the effect of immersive virtual reality on balance and quality of life in people with Parkinson's disease over 8 weeks versus conventional physical therapy treatment. Methodology: The study consists of a randomized clinical trial that divides participants into two groups by stratified block randomization according to disease severity. The experimental group will receive immersive virtual reality treatment, while the control group will receive conventional physiotherapy. The intervention will last 8 weeks, followed by a follow-up period of 3 months. Balance and quality of life variables will be assessed using the Berg Balance Scale, the Mini-BESTest and the PDQ-39. In addition, possible adverse effects of immersive virtual reality will be analyzed using the SSQ questionnaire. Expected results: Significant short- and long-term improvement in balance and quality of life is expected in participants treated with immersive virtual reality. Conclusion: Immersive virtual reality therapy is expected to improve participants' balance scores (BBS and Mini-BESTest) and quality of life (PDQ-39). It is believed that the results of the experimental group will be as effective as those of the control group and that adverse effects of the intervention will be identified
Ejercicios para personas con metástasis ósea
Get PDFLa infografía ofrece recomendaciones para la práctica segura de ejercicio físico en personas con metástasis ósea. Se enfatiza la necesidad de una valoración médica previa, la supervisión de un fisioterapeuta especializado y el establecimiento de metas realistas. Se detallan pautas para ejercicios aeróbicos, de fuerza muscular y de flexibilidad, con indicaciones sobre intensidad, frecuencia y precauciones para evitar lesiones. El objetivo es mejorar la calidad de vida y reducir los efectos secundarios del cáncer y sus tratamientos.
The infographic provides recommendations for the safe practice of physical exercise in people with bone metastases. It emphasizes the importance of prior medical assessment, supervision by a specialized physiotherapist, and setting realistic goals. Guidelines are given for aerobic, strength, and flexibility exercises, including intensity, frequency, and precautions to avoid injury. The goal is to improve quality of life and reduce side effects of cancer and its treatments.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por las “Ayudas a Proyectos Internos de Investigación de la Universidad San Jorge, curso 2023-2024” (n.º de proyecto PI 2324027). Todos los autores forman parte de grupos de investigación financiados por el Gobierno de Aragón: Marta San Miguel Pagola, Almudena Medina Rincón y Pablo Gargallo Aguarón son miembros del grupo MOTUS (ref. B60_23D), Marina Francín Gallego pertenece al grupo Movimiento Humano (ref. S25_23R) y Marta Diarte Oliva y Jose Manuel Burgos Bragado pertenecen al grupo iPhysio (ref. B61_23D)
Generalising electrocardiogram detection and delineation: training convolutional neural networks with synthetic data augmentation
Get PDFIntroduction: Extracting beat-by-beat information from electrocardiograms (ECGs) is crucial for various downstream diagnostic tasks that rely on ECG-based measurements. However, these measurements can be expensive and time-consuming to produce, especially for long-term recordings. Traditional ECG detection and delineation methods, relying on classical signal processing algorithms such as those based on wavelet transforms, produce high-quality delineations but struggle to generalise to diverse ECG patterns. Machine
learning (ML) techniques based on deep learning algorithms have emerged as promising alternatives, capable of achieving similar performance without handcrafted features or thresholds. However, supervised ML techniques require large annotated datasets for training, and existing datasets for ECG detection/delineation are limited in size and the range of pathological conditions they represent.
Methods: This article addresses this challenge by introducing two key innovations. First, we develop a synthetic data generation scheme that probabilistically constructs unseen ECG traces from “pools” of fundamental segments extracted from existing databases. A set of rules guides the arrangement of these segments into coherent synthetic traces, while expert domain knowledge ensures the realism of the generated traces, increasing the input variability for training the model. Second, we propose two novel segmentation-based loss functions that encourage the accurate prediction of the number of independent ECG structures and promote tighter segmentation boundaries by focusing on a reduced number of samples.
Results: The proposed approach achieves remarkable performance, with a F1-score of 99.38% and delineation errors of 2.19±17.73 ms and 4.45±18.32 ms for ECG segment onsets and offsets across the P, QRS, and T waves. These results, aggregated from three diverse freely available databases (QT, LU, and Zhejiang), surpass current state-of-the-art detection and delineation approache
“Boom respiratorio”: una actividad para el aprendizaje en Afecciones Médicas
No full textThis activity was developed as game-based learning. Context It was developed at the second course of Physiotherapy students in San Jorge University. Students were included in groups of maximal sin people. During the theoretical sessions it was presented four diapositives with four sentences about a specific topic. There was a discussion about the veracity of every sentence. The results that were obtained showed how the preparation of the students and the discussion during the sessions were optimal. Students considered this activity as positive, and teachers could detect information transmission gaps. Students could consolidate knowledge on the subject. They participated actively. As the activity was performed during the theorical sessions, students’ attention was captured.El planteamiento para el desarrollo de esta actividad se encuadra dentro de la Gamificación. Se ha realizado con los alumnos de los grupos A, B, C y D de la asignatura de Afecciones médicas I del segundo curso del Grado de Fisioterapia en la Universidad San Jorge. Se formaron grupos de un máximo de seis componentes. Durante las sesiones docentes señaladas, se presentó a los alumnos cuatro diapositivas conteniendo cada una cuatro aseveraciones sobre un tema concreto. El docente generó un debate sobre el motivo por el que cada cuestión planteada responde a su veracidad o falsedad. Los resultados obtenidos muestran como la preparación de los alumnos para esta actividad, su intervención durante la misma y participación ha sido óptima. Los alumnos consideraron positiva la actividad y los docentes pudimos detectar lagunas en transmisión de la información. Los alumnos pudieron consolidar los conocimientos previos sobre la misma y enfocar de mejor manera su estudio. Todos los alumnos participaron activamente. El hecho de llevar a cabo esta actividad durante una sesión habitual permitió volver a captar la atención de los alumno
Intervención intensiva basada en actividades somatosensoriales y su repercusión sobre la funcionalidad de la extremidad superior y la mano en niños con parálisis cerebral unilateral
Get PDFLos niños con parálisis cerebral unilateral presentan principalmente alteraciones unilaterales, lo que da como resultado limitaciones en la independencia en las actividades de la vida diaria, la participación y la calidad de vida. Para poder participar exitosamente, se considera que el principal factor limitante es el rendimiento motor de la extremidad superior más afectada. Sin embargo, recientemente han sido encontrados déficits motores también en la extremidad superior no afectada, pasando a ser considerada como la menos afectada.
A pesar de que el estudio de los niños con parálisis cerebral unilateral se ha centrado tradicionalmente en los aspectos motores, hoy en día es sabido que los problemas funcionales que presentan no se deben únicamente al déficit motor, sino que también contribuye el déficit sensorial. En lo que respecta concretamente al manejo de la extremidad superior, estudios recientes muestran que más del 75% de los niños con parálisis cerebral unilateral tienen alterado el procesamiento somatosensorial de la extremidad superior, lo que afecta significativamente a su rendimiento motor.
Las terapias intensivas son las que actualmente muestran mayores niveles de evidencia para mejorar la funcionalidad de la extremidad superior de estos niños. Estas terapias están basadas en los principios del aprendizaje y el control motor. En algunos estudios, la función táctil ha sido evaluada como posible subproducto consecuencia del entrenamiento motor que caracteriza a este tipo de intervenciones intensivas. En ninguno de ellos fueron demostradas mejoras significativas en el rendimiento táctil. En cuanto a las intervenciones basadas en la evidencia dirigidas específicamente a mejorar la función somatosensorial de la extremidad superior y, en consecuencia, el desempeño ocupacional de los niños con parálisis cerebral unilateral, el vacío en la literatura es evidente y más investigación es requerida.
El objetivo principal de la presente Tesis Doctoral fue analizar el impacto de una nueva intervención intensiva basada en actividades somatosensoriales en la participación, el desempeño funcional y el procesamiento somatosensorial de la
extremidad superior más afectada de niños con parálisis cerebral unilateral. Para llevar a cabo el objetivo principal se llevaron a cabo varios estudios que se reflejan en 3 artículos científicos.
Los principales hallazgos de la presente Tesis Doctoral son: i) Los niños con parálisis cerebral unilateral presentan mayores retos en la modulación sensorial comparado con los niños con desarrollo típico. ii) Las dificultades de procesamiento propioceptivo contribuyen a un peor desempeño funcional. El procesamiento auditivo, visual y táctil se asocia con la participación en el colegio y las respuestas conductuales y socioemocionales relacionadas con el procesamiento sensorial se asocian con el bienestar psicológico. iii) Los niños con parálisis cerebral unilateral presentan un rendimiento motor más bajo (destreza, velocidad y coordinación) en la extremidad superior menos afectada comparado con sus pares, pero no en fuerza de agarre y de pinza. En la extremidad superior más afectada, el rendimiento es más bajo en todos los aspectos medidos. iv) Presentan mayores dificultades en el procesamiento somatosensorial de ambas extremidades superiores. v) Las dificultades en el procesamiento somatosensorial de la mano más afectada no parecen estar relacionadas con el hemisferio cerebral dañado ni con la edad. vi) Tras una intervención intensiva basada en actividades somatosensoriales (ISABI), es posible mejorar la consecución de
objetivos funcionales, el rendimiento motor y la función somatosensorial de la extremidad superior más afectada de niños con parálisis cerebral unilateral. Nuestros resultados amplían el cuerpo de conocimiento que sugiere que mejorando la función somatosensorial de la extremidad superior más afectada es posible mejorar el desempeño ocupacional de los niños con parálisis cerebral unilateral.
Sería aconsejable que la somatosensación se convirtiera en un elemento esencial que debería ser incluido tanto en la evaluación como en los programas de intervención basados en la evidencia dirigidos a mejorar la participación de estos niños
Sport practice and depression during adolescence: Special emphasis on performance level and sport discipline
Get PDFObjectives: Depression is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, with almost half of the adolescent population affected according to latest research. Given this serious burden of disease, research points toward interventions that could effectively fight this disease in this population subset. One of these pivotal interventions is physical activity, although the effects of different sport types and sport performance level on depression have not yet been studied in adolescent populations. Accordingly, the objective of the current study was to assess the relationship between depressive symptoms, sport type and performance level in a large adolescent population.
Design: Cross-sectional study assessing a large cohort of adolescents through self-reported data.
Methods: 10,248 participants aged 11–19 years old answered questionnaires regarding depressive symptoms and sporting habits and were classified according to their sport performance level: from physically inactive to internationally competitive.
Results: Girls reported higher incidence of depressive symptoms than boys, difference that further increased during late adolescence. Performance level was related to depressive symptoms: inactive participants reported the highest depressive scores while internationally competitive athletes reported the lowest. However, there were no differences between competitive athletes of different performance levels. Further, sport type had a small influence on depressive symptoms.
Conclusions: All these findings result in a potential guideline for future research and community health recommendations: as long as sufficient physical activity levels are met and the adolescent engages in sporting activities, the protection against depressive symptoms remains largely unrelated to the sport type and the level at which he or she performs.info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/DGA/S25-23