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Otyłość zagrożeniem bezpieczeństwa zdrowotnego
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to present the impact of the increase of body mass index (BMI) on the health security of a specific population. The paper presents an analysis of the collected statistical data, which clearly indicate a significant increase in the number of obese people in the world in recent decades (illustrated on the basis of data from the USA, Poland, Germany, the UK, Sweden, Norway). The author presents the trends and threats resulting from the increase in the number of obese people in the societies of individual countries and regions. An obvious consequence of the outlined problem is a significant burden on health care systems and an increase in their maintenance costs. The observations presented lead to conclusions that confirm the hypothesis on the need to implement effective programs aimed at combating the growing problem.Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie wpływu wzrostu wskaźnika body mass index (BMI) na bezpieczeństwo zdrowotne określonej populacji. Praca prezentuje analizę zebranych danych statystycznych, które dobitnie wskazują na zdecydowany wzrost liczby osób otyłych na świecie w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach (zobrazowano na podstawie danych z USA, Polski, Niemiec, Wielkiej Brytanii, Szwecji, Norwegii). Problemem badawczym są wyraźne trendy oraz zagrożenia wynikające ze wzrostu liczby ludzi otyłych w społeczeństwach poszczególnych krajów i regionów. Ewidentną konsekwencją nakreślonego problemu jest znaczne obciążenie systemów opieki zdrowotnej i wzrost ich kosztów utrzymania. Przedłożone obserwacje prowadzą do wniosków potwierdzających hipotezę dotyczącą konieczności implementacji skutecznych programów ukierunkowanych na walkę z narastającym problemem
Bezpieczeństwo Polski w świetle działań wojennych Rosji na Ukrainie
Get PDFThe article describes Poland’s military security in the years 2014-2022 based on the analysis of Russian and Polish official documents. Official statements of political leaders in the media and views of authors dealing with the issues of Poland\u27s security were presented. The article recommends directions for actions to improve Poland’s security in the face of Russian military operations in Ukraine. In search of an answer to the following question: What impact do Russia’s military operations in Ukraine have on Poland’s security?, the author studied the subject literature, Russian and Polish documents and official statements of political leaders in the media, as well as the views of authors dealing with Polish security issues. The results of the conducted research indicate that Poland alone would not be able to repel a possible Russian aggression at the current stage of modernization of the army. Only close cooperation with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the deployment of more American troops in the territory of the Republic of Poland and the states on the eastern flank guarantee the security of Poland. The content cited in the article is intended to update the opinion on the state of Poland’s security during the military operations in Ukraine.W artykule opisano stan bezpieczeństwa militarnego Polski w latach 2014-2022 na podstawie analizy dokumentów rosyjskich i polskich. Przedstawiono oficjalne wypowiedzi przywódców politycznych w mediach oraz poglądy autorów zajmujących się problematyką bezpieczeństwa Polski. Artykuł rekomenduje kierunki działań poprawiające bezpieczeństwo Polski w aspekcie działań wojennych Rosji na Ukrainie. Poszukując odpowiedzi na pytanie: Jaki wpływ na bezpieczeństwo Polski mają działania wojenne Rosji na Ukrainie?, studiowano literaturę przedmiotu, przeprowadzono analizę dokumentów rosyjskich i polskich oraz oficjalnych wypowiedzi przywódców politycznych w mediach, a także poglądów autorów zajmujących się problematyką bezpieczeństwa Polski. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują, że Polska samodzielnie nie byłaby w stanie na obecnym etapie modernizacji armii odeprzeć ewentualnej agresji Rosji na nasz kraj. Jedynie ścisła współpraca z Paktem Północnoatlantyckim oraz rozlokowanie większej ilości wojsk amerykańskich na obszarze RP i państw flanki wschodniej daje gwarancje bezpieczeństwa naszego państwa. Przywołane w artykule treści mają na celu aktualizację opinii na temat stanu bezpieczeństwa Polski w czasie działań wojennych na Ukrainie.
Prediction capabilities of the LSTM and Perceptron models based on the Day-Ahead Market on the Polish Power Exchange S.A.
Get PDFThe main purpose of the research was to examine the properties of models for two kinds of neural networks, a deep learning models in which the Long Short-Term Memory was chosen and shallow neural model in which the Perceptron Neural Network was chosen. The subject of the examination was the Day-Ahead Market system of PPE S.A. The article presents the learning results of both networks andthe results of the predictive abilities of the models. The research was conducted based on data published on the Polish Stock Exchange for the 2018 year. The MATLAB environment was chosen as a tool for providing the examinations. The determination index (R2) and the mean square error (MSE) was adopted as the network evaluation criterion for the learning ability and for the prediction ability of both networks
WPad BVI - a multilingual universal knowledge exchange tool with support for visually impaired users
Get PDFNowadays, users need to work simultaneously with many files and folders on their computer and various resources on the Internet, including several software pieces. It means that they have many windows open simultaneously, and they must continuously switch between different opened applications such as web browsers, text editors, or audio-visual programs. These problems are also crucial to blind or visually impaired users, for whom this issue is even more difficult. Due to the nature of their work, i.e., they do not use the mouse and cannot see the video and graphic content, they have to remember, at each moment, which programs they have open and which they no longer use. In this paper, we propose an approach that consists of universal software, where, on the one hand, the user can collect and view data; on the other hand, he can produce ready-made output packages in simple web pages. This solution consists of two main parts: an offline softwareWPad and the online - Personal Knowledge Information System (PIKS). We propose a simplified and more automated version of an earlier developed WPad software system called WPad for BVI, which visually impaired persons and other beginners can use. The solution was tested by two BVI users (one BVI student and one BVI teacher) and several non-disabled teachers and students from Poland and Slovakia. Feedback from users was collected that will be used to improve the system further
"Бюллетень публичной информации" как инструмент общественного контроля в политической системе государства
Get PDFAn important element of the democratic system is the ability to control, through access to a wide range of information, authorities and public institutions not only by authorized institutions, but also by every citizen. In the Republic of Poland, a legal and organizational solution has been adopted that provides a wide range of possibilities for such activities. The basic instrument is the „Bulletin of Public Information”. It should contain exhaustive data on a specific institution. The act defines that any information on public matters constitutes public information and is subject to disclosure. This creates an important instrument of social control in the political system of the state. It is also conducive to developing citizens’ interest in public affairs, strengthening democracy and shaping civil society.Важным элементом демократической системы является возможность контроля посредством доступа к широкому спектру информации органов власти и государственных учреждений не только уполномоченными органами, но и каждым гражданином. В Польше принято правовое и организационное решение, предоставляющее широкий круг возможностей для такой деятельности. Основным инструментом является «Бюллетень публичной информации». Он должен содержать исчерпывающие данные о конкретном учреждении. Согласно закону, любая информация по общественным вопросам представляет собой общедоступную информацию и подлежит раскрытию. Это создает важный инструмент социального контроля в политической системе государства, способствует развитию интереса граждан к общественным делам, укреплению демократии и формированию гражданского общества
Cyberprzesterzeń jako środowisko bezpieczeństwa: Henryk Wyrębek, Cyberprzestrzeń. Zagrożenia. Strategie cyberbezpieczeństwa, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach, Siedlce 2021, ss. 219
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Diagnoza Nicka Bostroma rozwoju Superinteligencji a zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa integralności rodzaju ludzkiego: Nick Bostrom, Superinteligencja. Scenariusze, strategie, zagrożenia, tłum. Dorota Konowrocka-Sawa, Wydawnictwo Helion, Gliwice 2021, ss. 488
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Reforms of Sasanian king Khusro I and the northern bank of the Araxes – Arrān (Caucasus Albania)
Get PDFThe article considers the Sasanian king Khusro I Anushirwan’s reforms to improve the empire’s military and administrative architecture in the northwestern region of Ērānšahr, by creating the kust ī Ādurbādagān. The authors believes that it was a key element in the Sasanian strategy to enforce both central and military power in the defense sensitive Caucasia. The authors argues that the reform initiated the projecting of Ādurbādagān’s name, military, and administrative functions in Arrānšahr forming a strong interrelationship between the southern and northern sides of the Araxes as the entire Ādurbādagānšahr. Since Late Antiquity, Ādurbādagān and Arrān became interchangeable names and were in use on the northern bank of the Araxes.The article considers the Sasanian king Khusro I Anushirwan’s reforms to improve the empire’s military and administrative architecture in the northwestern region of Ērānšahr, by creating the kust ī Ādurbādagān. The authors believes that it was a key element in the Sasanian strategy to enforce both central and military power in the defense sensitive Caucasia. The authors argues that the reform initiated the projecting of Ādurbādagān’s name, military, and administrative functions in Arrānšahr forming a strong interrelationship between the southern and northern sides of the Araxes as the entire Ādurbādagānšahr. Since Late Antiquity, Ādurbādagān and Arrān became interchangeable names and were in use on the northern bank of the Araxes
Entertaining the Royalty. A forgotten tradition of the Vidushaka in Ancient Indian History
Get PDFThis paper provides an overview of the importance of dwarf figures/jesters in Ancient Indian history and society. There are numerous dwarf-like figures depicted in ancient Indian temples. These little figurines would have not only filled the area and add decorative value but also, they have a small but significant place in iconography. A dwarf-like figure, the Vidushaka, who was a brahmin with a tuft on his head and a staff in his hand, was found on the walls of Ajanta and in the Natyashastra text. His occupation is to light the stressful environment by making the court laughing. It goes without saying how valuable the Vidushaka is as a kind of entertainment in ancient India. The objective of this research is to look at how the Vidushaka (jester) had been contributing to the ‘entertainment industry’ of ancient India and how they have been portrayed through out the history (from ancient to medieval times). This would also allow us to discover that jesters were not only adept at entertaining others with amusing jokes, but also able to express himself on the oddities of human life.This paper provides an overview of the importance of dwarf figures/jesters in Ancient Indian history and society. There are numerous dwarf-like figures depicted in ancient Indian temples. These little figurines would have not only filled the area and add decorative value but also, they have a small but significant place in iconography. A dwarf-like figure, the Vidushaka, who was a brahmin with a tuft on his head and a staff in his hand, was found on the walls of Ajanta and in the Natyashastra text. His occupation is to light the stressful environment by making the court laughing. It goes without saying how valuable the Vidushaka is as a kind of entertainment in ancient India. The objective of this research is to look at how the Vidushaka (jester) had been contributing to the ‘entertainment industry’ of ancient India and how they have been portrayed through out the history (from ancient to medieval times). This would also allow us to discover that jesters were not only adept at entertaining others with amusing jokes, but also able to express himself on the oddities of human life
Zakaz wyzysku w prawie cywilnym
Get PDFThis article concerns the civil code regulations used in appeals in courts and the jurisdiction of the Highest Court. It discusses the institution of civil law, especially article 388 of the civil code, which protects the weak part of a contract against cheating.W artykule, w oparciu o regulację kodeksową, poglądy doktryny oraz orzecznictwo Sądu Najwyższego i sądów apelacyjnych, omówiono instytucję prawa cywilnego, uregulowaną w art. 388 Kodeksu cywilnego, zakazującą wyzysku jednej strony stosunku zobowiązaniowego przez drugą. W szczególności, w artykule scharakteryzowano przesłanki warunkujące możliwość posłużenia się tą instytucją, uprawnienia strony wyzyskanej, zagadnienie zbiegu art. 388 z innymi przepisami oraz wybrane zagadnienia procesowe