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Fictions of masculinity in Alina Bronsky‘s novel Barbara isn’t dying
Full text linkThe article focuses on Alina Bronsky’s way of constructing and negotiating forms of gender-stereotyped masculinity in the novel Barbara Isn’t Dying based on the central character of Walter. This perspective raises a set of interrelated questions: how such masculinity is delineated and codified in the text, how it manifests itself in particular situations and in various interactions with other characters, and how it evolves and undergoes transformation over the course of the narrative.The article focuses on Alina Bronsky’s way of constructing and negotiating forms of gender-stereotyped masculinity in the novel Barbara Isn’t Dying based on the central character of Walter. This perspective raises a set of interrelated questions: how such masculinity is delineated and codified in the text, how it manifests itself in particular situations and in various interactions with other characters, and how it evolves and undergoes transformation over the course of the narrative
Boys (Don’t) Cry. On (De)Constructing the Stereotype of Masculinity in Polish Opera for Children
Full text linkThis article examines the representation of boys in Polish opera for children, with particular attention to their emotionality. Such a perspective situates the study within broader reflections on the construction of male identity in art, film, theatre, literature, the press, and advertising, as outlined in typologies of Polish academic discourse on masculinity. The analysis seeks to address the following questions: Which models of masculinity operate in Polish children’s opera? Does this genre reinforce established stereotypes in its portrayals of male protagonists, or does it subvert them by articulating alternative images of boyhood and young masculinity? Furthermore, in line with Krzysztof Arcimowicz’s conceptual framework, to what extent does Polish opera for children adhere to a traditional paradigm of masculinity, or participate in the emergence of a new one?This article examines the representation of boys in Polish opera for children, with particular attention to their emotionality. Such a perspective situates the study within broader reflections on the construction of male identity in art, film, theatre, literature, the press, and advertising, as outlined in typologies of Polish academic discourse on masculinity. The analysis seeks to address the following questions: Which models of masculinity operate in Polish children’s opera? Does this genre reinforce established stereotypes in its portrayals of male protagonists, or does it subvert them by articulating alternative images of boyhood and young masculinity? Furthermore, in line with Krzysztof Arcimowicz’s conceptual framework, to what extent does Polish opera for children adhere to a traditional paradigm of masculinity, or participate in the emergence of a new one
Implementation of Magruder’s Principle into the Tactical Planningfor Land Forces
Full text linkZasada Magrudera mówi o prostocie wykorzystania możliwości zmylenia przeciwnika poprzez wykorzystanie jego błędnego przekonania o działaniu wojsk własnych. Na podstawie tego oraz znanych dotąd cech mylenia, dezinformacji i zaskoczenia przygotowano proces integrujący przedmiotową zasadę z planowaniem działań na poziomie taktycznym. Celem podjętej próby jest: przedstawienie założeń integracji procedury celowego inspirowania (lub potęgowania poznanej oceny zagrożenia) przeciwnika co do sposobu działania wojsk własnych i wykorzystania tej wiedzy do jego zmylenia z planowaniem działań taktycznych. Utworzona procedura badawcza składa się z metod teoretycznych i heurystycznych, a składa się z: abstrahowania, klasyfikowania, analogii bezpośredniej, jak i techniki definiowania. Publikacja ma następującą strukturę: wstęp, zasada Magrudera, uwarunkowania metodologiczne, przegląd literatury, mylenie jako część maskowania operacyjnego a korespondencja z zaskoczeniem, korzyści płynące z zaskoczenia, I wojna w zatoce perskiej – przykład z historii sztuki wojennej, ogólna charakterystyka procedury mylenia na poziomie taktycznym, właściwości etapów procedury mylenia na poziomie taktycznym, wzmocnienie procesu mylenia, relacja procesu planowania działań do procedury mylenia, przykład zastosowania zasady Magrudera w zarysie, wnioski, kierunki rozwoju, zakończenie, bibliografia.Magruder’s principle states the simplicity of exploiting the opportunity to confuse the adver-sary by exploiting his misconception of the actions of his own troops. On the basis of this and the hitherto known features of confusion, disinformation and surprise, a process has been prepared to integrate the principle in question into action planning at the tactical level. The aim of the attempt made is: to present the assumptions for the integration of a procedure for deliberately inspiring (or amplifying a known threat assessment) the adversary as to how own troops are operating and using this knowledge to mislead him with tactical action planning. The research procedure created consists of theoretical and heuristic methods, and consists of: abstraction, classification, direct analogy as well as definition techniques. The publication is structured as follows: introduction, Magruder’s principle, methodological considerations, literature re-view, deception as part of operational camouflage versus correspondence with surprise, benefits of sur-prise, Persian Gulf War I – an example from the history of the art of war, general characteristics of the deception procedure at the tactical level, characteristics of the stages of the deception procedure at the tactical level, reinforcement of the deception process, relation of the action planning process to the decep-tion procedure, an example of the application of Magruder’s principle in outline, conclusions, develop-ments, conclusion, bibliography
Selected contexts of childhood subjectivity in the pedagogy of John Amos Comenius
No full textPedagogika Jana Amosa Komeńskiego znana jest światu dzięki totalnym zmianom podejścia do ucznia jako podmiotu i systemu edukacji opartego na respektowaniu po-trzeb rozwojowych i społecznych. Analiza jego dzieł i koncepcji pedagogicznej prowadzi do wniosku, że rozwinął on ideę dostosowywania szkoły do potrzeb uczniów, a nie odwrotnie. Komeński sprzeciwił się średniowiecznemu modelowi szkoły jako instytucji autorytarnie indoktrynującej, proponując demokratyczny model edukacji opartej na podmiotowości, respektowaniu tożsamości, wyzwoleniu od bezsensu i bezmyślności wszechobecnego przymusu.Jan Amos Comenius’s pedagogy is known worldwide for its radical transformation of the approach to the student as a subject and its educational system, based on respecting developmental and social needs. An analysis of his works and pedagogical concepts leads to the conclusion that he developed the idea of adapting schools to students\u27 needs, not the other way around. Comenius opposed the medieval model of school as an authori-tarian institution of indoctrination, proposing a democratic model of education based on subjectivity, respect for identity, and liberation from the senselessness and thoughtlessness of pervasive coercion
Formal and legal framework for the implementation, development and functioning of electromobility in Poland and the European Union
No full textJednym z kluczowych elementów realizacji unijnych celów klimatycznych jest dekarbonizacja transportu. Jednak, aby osiągnąć oczekiwane efekty, europejski sektor transportu musi przejść transformację. Jednym z rozważanych kierunków jest wykorzystanie pojazdów elektrycznych. Liczba dokumentów wpływająca na formalno-prawne funkcjonowanie elektromobilności jest bardzo duża. Celem artykułu jest systematyzacja i przedstawienie wybranych aktów prawnych mających istotny wpływ na proces wdrażania, rozwoju i funkcjonowania elektromobilności w UE oraz Polsce. Omówiono je w kontekście powiązań elektromobilności z ochroną środowiska, rozwojem infrastruktury i energetyką. Przeprowadzona analiza potwierdziła, że w zrównoważonej Europie wciąż wiele kwestii wymaga dalszego doprecyzowania i regulacji.One of the key elements for achieving the EU\u27s climate goals is the decarbonization of transport. However, in order to achieve the expected results, the European transport sector must undergo a transformation. One of the directions being considered is the use of electric vehicles. The number of documents affecting the formal and legal operation of electromobility is large. The purpose of the article is to systematize and present selected legal acts that significantly impact the implementation, development and operation of electromobility in the EU and Poland. These issues are addressed within the broader context of the interrelationships among electromobility, environmental protection, infrastructure development, and energy. The analysis confirmed the existence of numerous issues that require further elucidation and regulation in a sustainable Europe
Męskość w impasie. Życie towarzyskie i uczuciowe Leopolda Tyrmanda w kontekściekryzysu wieku średniego
Full text linkThe article proposes a new reading of Leopold Tyrmand’s Social and Emotional Life in the context of midlife crisis, which eluded interpreters who have focused mainly on the political and satirical aspects of the work. In this context, the author examines the novel from two perspectives: ,,workcentric” or ,,textcentric” and ,,psychocentric”, assuming that it is both an artistic illustration of the midlife crisis phenomenon diagnosed in 1965, as well as a product of a similar crisis occurring in the author’s own psyche. The author is interested in the external symptoms of the crisis and its manifestations in the internal lives of the characters, including their methods of coping with it, on the one hand, and in the work’s connections with Tyrmand’s biography, on the other. Therefore, Social and Emotional Life is interpreted as a text thematizing the writer’s struggles to translate the experienced crisis into a complete literary work. The main theoretical point of reference in the article is the concept of midlife crisis proposed by the Canadian psychoanalyst Elliott Jacques.The article proposes a new reading of Leopold Tyrmand’s Social and Emotional Life in the context of midlife crisis, which eluded interpreters who have focused mainly on the political and satirical aspects of the work. In this context, the author examines the novel from two perspectives: ,,workcentric” or ,,textcentric” and ,,psychocentric”, assuming that it is both an artistic illustration of the midlife crisis phenomenon diagnosed in 1965, as well as a product of a similar crisis occurring in the author’s own psyche. The author is interested in the external symptoms of the crisis and its manifestations in the internal lives of the characters, including their methods of coping with it, on the one hand, and in the work’s connections with Tyrmand’s biography, on the other. Therefore, Social and Emotional Life is interpreted as a text thematizing the writer’s struggles to translate the experienced crisis into a complete literary work. The main theoretical point of reference in the article is the concept of midlife crisis proposed by the Canadian psychoanalyst Elliott Jacques
Male emotionality in contemporary intercultural literature in Germany by Dilek Güngör‘s novel Vater und ich
Full text linkIn contemporary intercultural literature in Germany not only the themes of novels and stories are changing, but also the aesthetics of this prose. The article aims to present a specific narrative about the feelings of the father, a former guest worker of Turkish origin, towards his surroundings. The sensitivity of this character plays a special role in this novel, which summarizes the story of a migrant family and contradicts stereotypical opinions about patriarchal orders in such families and Turkish men in Germany. However, the article analyzes not only characters’ emotions, but also the artistic form in which they are expressed. Together, they create a new post-migration perspective in the discussion about multicultural societies.In contemporary intercultural literature in Germany not only the themes of novels and stories are changing, but also the aesthetics of this prose. The article aims to present a specific narrative about the feelings of the father, a former guest worker of Turkish origin, towards his surroundings. The sensitivity of this character plays a special role in this novel, which summarizes the story of a migrant family and contradicts stereotypical opinions about patriarchal orders in such families and Turkish men in Germany. However, the article analyzes not only characters’ emotions, but also the artistic form in which they are expressed. Together, they create a new post-migration perspective in the discussion about multicultural societies
The lexis indicating emotion in Psalm 70. based on translations by the Enlightenment poets Francis Karpinski and Mikhail Lomonosov
Full text linkThe article aims to present lexis that refers to emotions based on Psalm 70 of the ancient King David as translated by Franz Karpinski and Mikhail Lomonosov, two secular men who lived during the Age of Enlightenment. The analysis of these texts suggests that the fear of shame is a important emotion. Fearing defeat, they declare trust in God, who for both of them is the personification of strength and victory, hence the name ‘defender’ in translation. Lomonosov also calls God Поборник (‘defender/ master’), Зиждитель (‘creator’), Помощник (‘helper’), Покровитель (‘patron’), and Пристанище (‘shelter’). While asking for support, both translators promise to praise God, thus ascribing glorification considerable importance.The article aims to present lexis that refers to emotions based on Psalm 70 of the ancient King David as translated by Franz Karpinski and Mikhail Lomonosov, two secular men who lived during the Age of Enlightenment. The analysis of these texts suggests that the fear of shame is a important emotion. Fearing defeat, they declare trust in God, who for both of them is the personification of strength and victory, hence the name ‘defender’ in translation. Lomonosov also calls God Поборник (‘defender/ master’), Зиждитель (‘creator’), Помощник (‘helper’), Покровитель (‘patron’), and Пристанище (‘shelter’). While asking for support, both translators promise to praise God, thus ascribing glorification considerable importance