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Leveraging Information and Communication Technology for Enhancing Crime Prevention and Safety in Nigerian Universities
Get PDFCrime prevention and safety remain critical challenges in Nigerian universities, necessitating innovative approaches to mitigate security threats. This study explores the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in enhancing crime prevention and safety within university environments. It examines various ICT tools, including Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) cameras, biometric access control, emergency alert systems, and mobile security applications, assessing their effectiveness and associated challenges. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, utilizing surveys and interviews with students, security personnel, and university administrators across selected Nigerian universities. Data analysis revealed that while ICT-based security measures significantly improve surveillance, access control, and emergency response, challenges such as poor maintenance, power outages, and low adoption hinder their full effectiveness. The study found that CCTV cameras had the highest effectiveness rating (4.3/5), followed by biometric access control (3.9/5), while mobile security applications were the least effective (2.5/5) due to low awareness and integration issues. The findings highlight the need for universities to enhance ICT infrastructure, improve maintenance protocols, and conduct awareness programs to optimize security technology usage. The study recommends government intervention, policy formulation, and investment in sustainable power solutions to address technological limitations. This research contributes to the discourse on technology-driven crime prevention strategies in academic institutions, emphasizing the necessity for a comprehensive and well-maintained ICT security framework. By leveraging ICT effectively, Nigerian universities can foster a safer learning environment, reducing crime rates and improving overall campus security
Improving Data Transmission In Satellite Network Using Intelligent Based Beam Forming Technique
Get PDFEfficient data transmission in satellite networks is crucial for ensuring seamless communication, high-speed connectivity, and minimal latency. However, conventional satellite communication systems often suffer from issues such as signal degradation, interference, and limited bandwidth efficiency. This research focuses on improving data transmission in satellite networks using an intelligent-based beam forming technique. The proposed approach leverages artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms to dynamically optimize beam forming patterns, enhance signal strength, and reduce interference in real time. By intelligently directing satellite beams towards intended receivers while mitigating signal loss, the system significantly improves data throughput and network reliability. The study further explores the integration of deep learning models to predict and adapt to changing network conditions, ensuring optimal performance under various atmospheric and operational challenges. Simulation results demonstrate that the intelligent-based beam forming technique outperforms traditional methods in terms of spectral efficiency, reduced bit error rate (BER), and enhanced overall network performance. This research contributes to the advancement of satellite communication technology, enabling more robust and efficient data transmission for applications in telecommunications, remote sensing, and global connectivity
Development of a Process for the Production of Diesel Grade Engine Oil via Vacuum Distillation - Adsorption process
Get PDFThis study presents the development of an integrated vacuum distillation-adsorption process for the efficient production of diesel-grade engine oil from waste lubricating oil. This process aims to recover valuable base oils while meeting the stringent quality specifications of modern diesel engines. Initial vacuum distillation, conducted at a vacuum pressure of -0.032 to -0.062MPa and a temperature range of 275-300°C, yielded a distillate fraction constituting approximately 75 wt% of the input waste oil. This fraction, characterized by a kinematic viscosity of 8.5 cSt at 100°C, subsequently underwent an adsorption step utilizing activated clay. Adsorption parameters, specifically a clay dosage of 3 wt% and a contact time of 60 min at 80°C, resulted in a significant reduction in total acid number (TAN) from 5.7 mg KOH/g to 5.0 mg KOH/g and an improvement in color from ASTM D1500 7.0 to 2.5. The final refined oil exhibited properties consistent with those of commercial diesel-grade engine oils, including a flash point of 154°C and a viscosity index of 11. This integrated approach demonstrates a promising and environmentally sound method for producing high-quality base oils, contributing to resource sustainability and the principles of a circular economy
Leadership Styles and Work Overload as Predictors Of Emotional Exhaustion among Staff of Nigerian Custom Service
Get PDFThis study investigated the contributions of leadership styles and work overload in emotional exhaustion among custom staff in Nigerian.. Five hundred and eleven workers from some states in Nigeria participated in this study. They comprise 213 females and 298 males drawn from various states of the country, and were aged between 25-50 years, with a mean age of 35.10 years (SD=7.90). Leadership Styles Questionnaire was used to access leadership styles, Work overload sub-scale of the Work Stressor Questionnaire was used to access work overload and Emotional exhaustion sub-scale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to assess emotional exhaustion. Data was analyzed using the hierarchical multiple regression. Results showed that autocratic leadership style (β = .41, p<.01), laissez-faire leadership style (β = .29, p<.01), and work overload (β = .19, p<.01), positively predicted emotional exhaustion. While democratic leadership style (β = -.28, p<.01) negatively predicted emotional exhaustion among workers in Nigeria. The results of the study were discussed, implications outlined, its limitations were delineated, and suggestions made for future studies
Abusive Supervision Emotional Exhaustion and Work Family Conflict as Predictors of Organizational Cynicism among Nigeria Security and Civil Defense Officers in Imo State
Get PDFThis study examined Abusive Supervision, Emotional Exhaustion, and Work-Family Conflict as predictors of Organizational Cynicism among Nigeria Security and Civil Defense Officers in Imo State. A total of 273 officers from the Nigeria Security and Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC) in Imo State participated in the study. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling technique. The age range of the participants was between 27 and 58 years (M = 41.21, SD = 7.93), comprising 111 males and 162 females. Three hypotheses were formulated and tested. Data were collected using paper-based questionnaires, which included a demographic survey and four standardized self-report measures. They are: the Abusive Supervision Scale (ASS) by Tepper (2000), the Burnout Inventory (OLDI) by Demerouti et al. (2003), the Work-Family Conflict Scale (WFC) by Haslam et al. (2015), and the Organizational Cynicism Scale by Dean, Brandes, and Dharwadkar (1998). The study employed a cross-sectional survey design, and data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. Findings revealed that Abusive supervision significantly predicted organizational cynicism (accounting for 27.7% of the variance), Emotional exhaustion was also a significant predictor (explaining 12.2% of the variance), and Work-family conflict contributed significantly as well, though modestly, accounting for 3.3% of the variance. These findings underscore the importance of adopting a holistic, evidence-based approach to organizational leadership that promotes ethical and non-abusive management practices, supports employee emotional well-being, and fosters a healthy work-life balance. Such measures are crucial to mitigating organizational cynicism among security personnel
Poverty, Insecurity And Extremism In West Afirican Sub-Region: Analtical Perspective
Get PDFThe West African sub-region faces a veritable perfect storm of social, economic and security challenges, all of which are exacerbated by poverty and the fragility of states in the sub-region. The sub-region has become home to terrorist groups in recent times such that numerous protracted atrocities have been committed against innocent civilians, security forces and government agencies by the various terrorist groups. The main aim of the study was to provide an assessment of the poverty, insecurity and the extremism situation in the sub-region with a view to identifying the root causes. The study employed a case study research design that involves focusing on the West African sub-region. The method of data collection was secondary sources, while content analysis was used in analysing the data generated. The Horizontal inequality theory was used as framework of analysis. The work insists that poverty is the major cause of extremism in West African sub-region. Some of the causes of extremism included pervasive material inequalities and unfairness, poverty/unemployment; weak security system etc, assessment of the situation revealed a deterioration of security, safety, and stability in the West African sub-region. Some of the extremist groups in West African sub-region include Boko Haram and its breakaway faction, the Islamic State of West Africa Province (ISWAP), Jama’at Nustratal-Islam wal-Muslimeen (JNIM) or the Group for the Support of Islam and Moslems (GSIM) in Mali and Burkina Faso and Ansarul Islam in Burkina Faso.the MNLA, Ansar al Dins Iyad and AQIM. The Sahel region of West Africa has become home to some of the world’s deadliest extremist groups in recent times resulting in numerous protracted atrocities committed against innocent civilians, security forces and government agencies The Countries in West African sub-region should formulate and effectively implement policies and programmes capable of addressing the root causes of insecurity in the sub-regio
Social Media Influence On Nigeria General Elections With Emphasis On Enugu State 2023 Governorship Election
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to investigate the role of social media in Nigeria elections with specific reflection from 2023 Enugu State Governorship election. The specific objectives of the study include: finding out roles the social media played in Nigerian political awareness and participation in the 2023 governorship elections; and identifying the depth and frequency of social media coverage on the success of curtailing election rigging and fraud. The study adopted survey method coupled with social media data gathered from the Nigeria general elections. These data were analyzed and two hypotheses tested using Chi Square and Simple Regression Analysis in SPSS version 21.The major findings revealed that social media played a significant role in Nigerian political awareness and participation in the just concluded 2023 governorship elections; and that the coverage of Nigeria\u27s election through social media curtails election rigging and fraud. In line with the findings, it was recommended that the Electoral Act should be reviewed to provide specific guidelines on the use of social media in Nigeria’s future elections; the use of Electronic Card readers must be perfected to avoid technical hitches as experienced during the last elections; the Independent Nigeria Electoral Commission (INEC) should establish a social media tracking center to monitor, collate, and interpret trends and reports during elections; and that the INEC, civil society organizations, and security agencies in the Country should establish modalities to systematically verify information reported by citizen observers through social media.
 
Influence of Nta Enugu Political Advertisement of 2023 General Election on the Electorates of Enugu Metropolis
Get PDFThis work studied, influence of NTA Enugu political advertisement of 2023 general election on the electorates of Enugu metropolis. The researcher used survey research method. The study focused on the residents of Enugu metropolis which comprises; Enugu East local government, Enugu South local government, and Enugu North local government. The population figure of these local governments is 717,219, according to National Population Commission (2006). But the estimated population figure of this study was projected to 1,130,445..It was projected from 2006 population to 2024 using United Nation Development Programme (UNDP) formula. Using Taro Yamane statistical formula for a finite population, the researcher came up with 400 as the sample size. Five research questions were formulated to properly guide the study. The researcher adopted questionnaire as the research instrument for data collection from the respondents. Data collected were analyzed with chi – square and presented in tables. The findings shows that, among other things, that the electorates in Enugu metropolis were well exposed to NTA Enugu political advertising and television political advertising persuades them more than any other form of advertising. The findings also shows that NTA Enugu political advertising made the electorate remember candidate and party to vote for more than any other form of advertising because of the combination of its audio – visual nature. The researcher therefore recommended among others, that government should strive to make power supply in the country to be constant to enable electorates to access their television whenever they want. Again, it is important that television should always be adopted by the political gladiators and parties for political advertisements while there is need for the electorates to scrutinize political advertising messages very well in order to make right choice on candidates and party to vote for
Rehabilitation And Maintenance Of Rockwell Hardness Testing Machine Using Artificial Neural Network (Ann). a Case Study Of Safety In Caritas University Workshop Enugu
Get PDFThe effective rehabilitation and maintenance of Rockwell Hardness Testing Machine is a generally used means in the field of material science and engineering. It evaluates the hardness of a material, which is a judgmental parameter in assessing its rightness for various applications. These instructions will provide a complete overview of how to operate a Rockwell Hardness Testing Machine efficiently.This study focuses on improving the rehabilitation and maintenance process of a Rockwell hardness testing in Caritas University Amorji Nike Emene, Enugu, using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based technique. The research explores the application of ANN in predictive maintenance by analyzing historical operational data and identifying patterns that indicate potential faults or performance degradation.A structured methodology was adopted, involving data collection from the Rockwell hardness, preprocessing, and training of the ANN model. The ANN-based system was designed to predict faults and recommend maintenance actions before critical failures occur. Results from the study demonstrated that the ANN model accurately detected anomalies and provided timely alerts, significantly reducing downtime and improving operational efficiency. The findings highlight the potential of ANN-based techniques in transforming traditional maintenance practices into proactive and intelligent systems. The study recommends the integration of ANN systems into workshop maintenance frameworks, the training of technical personnel, and the adoption of sustainable practices to enhance reliability and productivity. This approach not only optimizes equipment performance but also contributes to the advancement of intelligent maintenance technologies in educational institutions.The recommendations provided are aimed at enhancing the effectiveness and scalability of the ANN-based rehabilitation and maintenance system at Caritas University Workshop. By addressing the challenges and leveraging the insights gained from this research, the institution can further optimize its equipment management, reduce operational risks, and enhance safety. Furthermore, these recommendations offer a pathway for broader implementation in other educational and industrial environments, contributing to the global movement toward smarter, AI-powered maintenance solutions
Effects Of Point Of Sales In Business Cash Transaction Management In Enugu, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study is based on the effects of point of sales in Business cash transaction in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study adopts the following objectives; to identify reasons for the effect of sales, to identify the constraints facing the effect and to ascertain customers\u27 level of satisfaction on the effect of sales in Business Transaction method. The descriptive survey research design was adopted and a sample size of 133 (One hundred and thirty-three) was gotten using Taro Yamani formula. 133 questionnaires were administered to the respondents and 130 was returned, which was used for the data. The data for the study was gathered with a five point likert scale questionnaire. Analyses were made through Chi-Square, so that effective conclusion can be drawn. A way of making payments effective and reduces the stress of having to go to the bank to deposit money through this means are:χ2 (133, 8) = 31s.43, P>0.05. For the second hypothesis, the alternate was accepted which revealed the constraints facing the use of effective point which are poor connectivity due to network, delay in the reversal of money and high transaction charges χ2 (133, 8) = 25.03, P>0.05 .For the third hypothesis, the alternate was accepted and, it revealed the level of customers\u27 satisfaction with Point of Sales payment method which are reliability, convenience and secure χ2 (133, 8) = 45.53,P>0.05. Based on the results of the study, the researcher recommends amongst others that the systems reliability in handling transaction on point of sales is one of the strength of point of sales outlets that influenced customer satisfaction