Journal of Law and Sustainable Development
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THE IMPACT OF THE MARKETING MIX ON SHAPING PEOPLE'S ATTITUDES TOWARDS ENCOURAGING THE USE OF SUSTAINABLE MASS TRANSIT
No full textObjective: To determine the impact of the marketing mix used by the Constantine Tramway Foundation on shaping individuals' attitudes towards the use of sustainable mass transit.
Theoretical Framework: The study is based on the marketing mix theory, focusing on the 7Ps (product, price, place, promotion, people, physical evidence, and process) and their influence on consumer attitudes towards mass transit. It also explores the relationship between these marketing elements and the principles of sustainable development.
Method: A descriptive-analytical approach was used, relying on data collection through a questionnaire distributed to a random sample of 280 tramway users in Constantine, Algeria. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, which included regression analysis and hypothesis testing to evaluate the impact of marketing mix elements.
Results and Discussion: The study found that the marketing mix of the Constantine Tramway Foundation significantly influences individuals' attitudes towards sustainable mass transport, particularly in terms of quality of service. However, other elements, such as pricing, promotion, and personnel, showed a limited impact. The results also highlighted the disparity in the influence of different marketing elements on user attitudes.
Research Implications: The findings suggest that while certain aspects of the marketing mix are effective in promoting sustainable transport, there are weaknesses in areas like promotion and pricing that need to be addressed. Enhancing these elements could lead to increased adoption of sustainable mass transit, contributing to the broader goals of sustainable urban development.
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the field by evaluating the specific impact of marketing practices on sustainable mass transit adoption in Algeria, a topic with limited prior research. It offers valuable insights for public transport authorities seeking to optimize their marketing strategies to promote sustainability and meet users' expectations
ANTHROPOMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR ERGONOMIC DESIGN: EMPIRICAL STUDIES IN NAMIBIA
No full textObjective: The objective of this study is to investigate anthropometric analysis for ergonomic design in namibia, with tha aim of providing anthropometric data, which can inform the geometric design of workspaces and equipment.
Theoretical Framework: Requirements for the establishment of databases are provided by International Standards Organization (2000, 2012, 2008a, 2008b).
Method: The study was undertaken on employees from selected workplaces in industry. In total, seventy nine (79) different body dimensions of volunteer workers were recorded based on predetermined landmarks. Measurements were done manually with volunteers in sitting and standing positions.
Results and Discussion: The results give a sample of anthropometric characteristics of Namibian workforce on which workspace and equipment design can be based. The data was compared to that from the US which is a common market source of equipment (especially in mining). These results will contribute to formulation of part of a Namibian standard that incorporates ergonomic guidelines for the Namibian industry. Finally, this study demonstrated the need for a more comprehensive anthropometric survey for all worker population in all sectors of industry.
Research Implications: This study has succeeded in establishing a guideline and methodology on which a more extensive anthropometric survey should be based.
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by anthropometric data, which can inform the geometric design of workspaces and equipment in Namibia
THE CHILD AS A VICTIM OF THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT
No full textObjective: The objective of this study is to investigate the issue of the child as a victim in the digital environment The primary goal of this research is to focus on the cybercrimes that target children in the digital space and discuss the concept of criminal protection for children.
Theoretical Framework: It highlights both classical and modern cybercrimes that children fall victim to, such as defamation, threats and stalking, identity theft and grooming, cyberterrorism, racial discrimination, violent games, and cyberbullying.
Method: The study adopts the descriptive method, as it is the most suitable for this type of research, by analyzing and reviewing various sources related to the subject, including previous studies, laws, and regulations, as well as international agreements such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Budapest Convention, the Arab Charter on the Rights of the Child, and the European Social Charter. Additionally, it examines local legislations in countries like Algeria, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt.
Results and Discussion & Research Implications: The study concluded with several findings, including that children are easily accessible and manipulable victims.
Originality/Value: The paper also discusses the challenges of implementing mechanisms to protect children in the digital environment and concludes with recommendations to enhance the use of modern digital technologies to protect children, the victims of the digital environment, from potential risks
DETERMINANTS FOR THE DECISION TO OPT OUT OF THE AUTOMATIC ENROLLMENT PENSION SCHEME IN TÜRKİYE
No full textObjective: This study aims to investigate the statistical association between the decision to participate or not in auto-enrollment pension scheme in Türkiye and socio-economic and attitudinal variables. It is motivated by the fact that Türkiye is one of the few OECD countries where the policy of automatic enrollment in complementary private pension scheme has not been successful due to high opt-out rates.
Method: Logistic regression analysis is used to estimate the association between the dependent and independent variables. Data were obtained through convenience sampling from a survey conducted in 2018. The survey questions were asked face to face to 220 professional master's students working in the private sector, and online to 90 university graduates working in the private sector, for a total of 310 people.
Results and conclusion: Our findings indicate lack of trust in long-term investment performance of pension funds and financial institutions. Past financial crises, uncertainty avoidance as an aspect of national culture, more uncertainty of Türkiye’s financial markets as well as worsening macroeconomic policy outcomes since 2018 have also a role in this lack of trust.
Research implications: Our results suggest that the success of auto enrollment in the future depends partly on the appropriate change of economic factors affecting individuals' behavior. Increasing the number of similar analyzes is useful in order to compare the results across different data sets using similar questions.
Value: This study is one of the very few studies conducted in Türkiye on the factors affecting the decision to opt out from automatic participation
CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA EXPERIENCIA PEDAGÓGICA EN LA FACULTAD DE HUMANIDADES Y EDUCACIÓN DE LA CORPORACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA DEL CARIBE (CECAR)
No full textObjetivos: El propósito de esta investigación es comprender cómo los estudiantes de la Corporación Universitaria del Caribe (CECAR) construyen su experiencia pedagógica en el marco del modelo pedagógico institucional establecido en el Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI, 2022). Los objetivos específicos incluyen identificar las formas de integración de los estudiantes, analizar las estrategias que emplean para accionar dentro del modelo pedagógico y explorar las maneras en que la subjetivación se manifiesta como parte del proceso formativo.
Marco teórico: El estudio se sustenta en la Sociología de la Experiencia de Dubet (2010), que postula tres lógicas de acción integración, subjetivación y estrategia como elementos fundamentales en la experiencia educativa. También se consideran aportaciones de Tinto (1993) sobre integración académica y social, y de Foucault (1994) sobre subjetivación, como procesos dinámicos en los que los individuos negocian su identidad frente a las expectativas institucionales. Además, se incorporan teorías sobre capital social de Coleman (1988) y enfoques pedagógicos como el Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (Branda & Portillo, 2010) para contextualizar los resultados.
Método: Se empleó un diseño cualitativo con enfoque interpretativo, utilizando grupos focales como técnica principal de recolección de datos. La muestra incluyó estudiantes de diferentes semestres y programas académicos de la Facultad de Humanidades y Educación de CECAR. Las sesiones fueron grabadas, transcritas y analizadas mediante el software MAXQDA, siguiendo una codificación abierta y axial para identificar patrones y temáticas emergentes.
Resultados y discusión: Los hallazgos revelan que las tres lógicas de acción interactúan de manera interdependiente, configurando una experiencia pedagógica compleja y multifacética. La lógica de integración destaca la importancia de la interacción social en el fortalecimiento del sentido de pertenencia, aunque persisten barreras relacionadas con desigualdades socioeconómicas y culturales. En la lógica de subjetivación, los estudiantes experimentan tensiones entre sus aspiraciones individuales y las expectativas institucionales, lo que refleja procesos de negociación y redefinición de identidad. La lógica de estrategia evidencia cómo los estudiantes implementan mecanismos prácticos, como la formación de redes de apoyo y estrategias colaborativas, para enfrentar desafíos académicos y personales. Estos resultados subrayan la relevancia de un enfoque pedagógico inclusivo y adaptable que considere la diversidad de experiencias y trayectorias estudiantiles.
Implicaciones de la investigación: Este estudio proporciona una comprensión profunda de las dinámicas pedagógicas en contextos regionales, destacando la necesidad de ajustes en el modelo pedagógico institucional de CECAR para promover una mayor equidad y flexibilidad. También resalta la importancia de reforzar las redes de apoyo académico y social, y de implementar metodologías pedagógicas que reconozcan las particularidades culturales y socioeconómicas de los estudiantes.
Originalidad Valor: La investigación contribuye al campo de la educación superior al articular un marco teórico robusto con un análisis empírico centrado en la experiencia estudiantil. Al enfocarse en la interacción entre integración, subjetivación y estrategia, ofrece una perspectiva novedosa sobre cómo los estudiantes construyen su identidad y gestionan su aprendizaje en un contexto universitario regional. Este enfoque proporciona valiosas recomendaciones para el diseño de modelos pedagógicos más inclusivos y efectivos
Interregional Labor Migration and Its Role in Shaping Economic Growth: A Case Study of Casual Worker Migrants in Indonesia
Get PDFPurpose: This study analyzed the determinants and impacts of casual migrant workers that was conducted in East Java, which is known as one of highest economic growth area in Indonesia and experiencing a higher influx of migrants compared to migrants leaving the region.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employs the two-step heckman method. The sample consists of workers who engaged in interregional migration within East Java on 2015. The sample was selected based on characteristics that align with the research requirements, extracted from secondary data derived from the 2015 inter-census population survey. The data type used is cross-sectional data.
Findings: The research findings indicate that significant determinants of casual migrant workers are migrants of non-productive age, male migrants, migrants with non-bachelor's/diploma, unmarried migrants, migrants without family under 5 years old, migrants originating from predominantly wooden/board/earthen floors, migrants from higher minimum wage regions than the destination, non-metropolitan city migrants, and migrants from areas with a lower poverty rate than destination region, which are more likely to move and become migrants. The results for the significant impact of casual migrant workers on the economic sector are influenced by casual migrant workers originating from non-metropolitan city regions, which contribute the most to the destination region's GRDP.
Research, practical & social implications: This study formulates policy strategies that can be employed by government to enhance the quality of human resources and expand employment opportunities, particularly for casual migrant workers, as an endeavor to boost economic growth in the destination regions of migration
THREE OBSTACLES OF INTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDONESIA
Get PDFObjective: The implementation of internal quality assurance in higher education faces many obstacles. This research is focused on the obstacles of implementing the internal quality assurance system in Private higher education. Internal quality assurance system is a system carried out by universities independently.
Method: The approach used in this research is qualitative with case study method. The case studied is the obstacle to the implementation of internal quality assurance system. Data collection uses combining an internal document review with semi-structured interviews. The qualitative interview data were subject to thematic analysis, a method for systematically identifying, organizing, and offering insight into patterns of meaning across a dataset.
Result: In terms of administrative obstacles, it was found that the internal quality assurance agency at Puangrimaggalatung University only had 62.5% of standard documents. The organizational constraints found include 1) Limited understanding of internal quality assurance system only for structural officials, not for all but not for all stake holders in tertiary institutions. 2) Difficulties in determining measurable indicators of successful implementation of the internal quality assurance system, and 3) Unclear responsibilities among various structural positions resulting in overlapping of authority, which complicates internal quality assurance system implementation. In terms of psychological constraints, data is obtained in the form of neglect, disdain or cynical attitude towards quality assurance systems and processes.
Conclusion: Based on an in-depth study of the data that has been collected, it is concluded that the implementation of the internal quality assurance system at private universities is going well however. there are obstacles in 3 areas, namely 1) Administrative obstacles 2) organizational obstacles and 3) psychological obstacles
Resilience And Sustainability in Tourism-Forestry Systems Through Risk Management Framework: Review and Concept
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to explore and enhance the tourism-forestry risk management in research and industry practice. By integrating the concept of resilience and sustainability into risk management practices, this research addresses the multifaceted challenges faced by the forest-tourism field and promotes its long-term viability.
Methods: The study comprised of three stages. Firstly, it employs the scoping review technique in the Scopus database system to seek for research gaps related to the objective of the study. Secondly, the study continues with conceptual analysis from Malaysian context particularly on the industrial avenue to assess the current state of risk management practices. Final stage is to propose a tourism-forestry risk management framework for the tourism industry in Malaysia. This study evaluates the effectiveness of existing risk management strategies and identifies gaps and opportunities for improvement by analysing publicly available data from researchers, various stakeholders such as government agencies, industry professionals, and local communities.
Results: The findings contribute to the development of Risk Management Tourism-Forestry Framework (RTFF) for enhancing resilience and sustainability in tourism-forestry systems not limited to Malaysia but also for other nations. Moreover, the research outcomes provide valuable insights for the researchers on the knowledge gaps that should be filled. Furthermore, this study provides great lessons learned for all countries with similar socio-economic and environmental contexts towards the application of a risk management framework in their region. Finally, the proposed SDG-oriented risk management framework of RTFF offers a holistic and integrated approach, taking into account social, economic, and environmental dimensions, and provides a roadmap for fostering resilience and sustainability in the face of evolving challenges.
Conclusion: This study aims to improve the literature reviews on resilience and sustainability in tourism-forestry that are related to risk management issues. The manuscript addresses the multifaceted challenges faced by the tourism-forestry field and promotes its long-term viability by incorporating the concept of sustainable development goals into risk management practises. Elements of tourism-forestry in the state of the art in the literature as well as in practice not to mention the development of the framework, in which no other study has adopted the same methodology, thus proving the novelty of the study
Visualization of Work Stress and Workload Data on Nurses at Makassar City Hospital (a Study Using Saliva Biomarker Examination Approach)
Get PDFBackground: Health services are one of the duties and responsibilities of a nurse. Providing optimal service is a major contribution to patient recovery. The implementation of services performed by nurses is usually faced with various conditions that can trigger work stress. Work stress is one of the obstacles for nurses in providing health services. The emergence of work stress in nurses due to their work being in close contact with patients and other factors such as work location, various inpatient cases, labor shortages, forced overtime hours, and the attitude of the head of the ward can put pressure on nurses.
Objective: To determine the visualization of work stress and workload data on nurses at Makassar City Hospital using the approach of examining salivary biomarkers.
Research methods: This study uses a longitudinal study approach, namely conducting an analytical study that aims to follow the development of work stress events in nurses at Makassar City Hospital. The research will be carried out for 3 years, namely 2023 – 2025. The first year of this research, namely 2023, has started from August-September 2023. The research location was carried out in 2 (two) Makassar City Hospitals namely Labuang Baji Hospital and Daya General Hospital. The number of samples in this study was 100 people. The research instrument used was a questionnaire used to collect primary data related to the characteristics of the respondents and workload. The cocorometer tool is used to measure work stress through salivary biomarkers. This tool functions to measure stress levels based on α-amylase in the salivary glands. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 21.
Conclusion: Visualization of stress data found that respondents at Labuang Baji Hospital had 42 people who did not experience stress. Likewise, respondents at Daya General Hospital found 46 people who did not experience stress. This is in accordance with workload data for nurses in both hospitals. There were 16 people at Labuang Baji Hospital who stated their workload was light. It's the same with nurses who are at the Daya General Hospital. Most nurses stated that their workload was light, namely 27 people. It is hoped that nurses will continue to be able to control themselves (coping) against the working conditions they face, manage their time well, get enough rest, self-management to minimize the risk of stress. Another thing that is also important to apply is a healthy lifestyle and exercise. Hospital management is expected to properly implement policies and strategies related to stress and fatigue management in the workplace
The Impact of Auditor Competence and Auditor Experience on Audit Judgement, Mediated by Task Complexity, within Public Accounting Firms in the City of Medan
Get PDFPurpose: This research aims to investigate the intricate interplay between Auditor Competence and Auditor Experience, emphasizing their significant impact on Audit Judgment. The study also introduces Task Complexity as an intermediary variable, mediating the association between these competencies and judgment outcomes.
Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in a theoretical framework that highlights the relationships among Auditor Competence, Auditor Experience, Task Complexity, and Audit Judgment. This framework provides a conceptual basis for understanding how these variables interact and contribute to the overall audit process.
Methods: Employing an associative methodological approach, the study utilizes primary data obtained through meticulously designed questionnaires. The participants consist of 173 auditors actively working in Public Accounting Firms (KAP) located in the urban expanse of Medan City. The sampling technique employed is saturated sampling to ensure a comprehensive representation of the population. Analytical pursuits involve a sequential tripartite process, including outer model analysis, inner model analysis, and hypothesis testing.
Findings: The empirical analysis reveals several key insights. Firstly, Auditor Competence significantly influences Audit Judgment outcomes. Secondly, Auditor Competence has a substantive impact on Task Complexity. Thirdly, Auditor Experience significantly resonates with the tenets of Audit Judgment. Fourthly, Auditor Experience demonstrates meaningful correlations with Task Complexity. However, the relationship between Task Complexity and Audit Judgment is not statistically significant. Additionally, the intermediary effect of Task Complexity on the relationship between Auditor Competence and Audit Judgment lacks statistical substantiation. Lastly, the mediating role of Task Complexity in the association between Auditor Experience and Audit Judgment lacks empirical significance.
Practical Implications: The study's findings hold practical implications for auditing practices. Firms can enhance Audit Judgment by focusing on improving Auditor Competence and strategically leveraging Auditor Experience. Understanding the nuanced relationship between these factors and Task Complexity can inform training programs and professional development initiatives within the auditing profession.
Originality/Value: This research contributes to the field by offering nuanced insights into the relationships between Auditor Competence, Auditor Experience, Task Complexity, and Audit Judgment. The empirical findings provide a unique perspective, revealing both significant and non-significant associations, thereby contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing audit quality. This study's originality lies in its meticulous methodology and its potential to inform practical strategies for optimizing audit processes.Esta investigación se esfuerza por escrutar y desglosar la intrincada interacción entre la Competencia del Auditor y la Experiencia del Auditor, ambas de las cuales tienen una gran relevancia en la trayectoria del Juicio de Auditoría. La Complejidad de la Tarea, posicionada como una variable intermedia, complementa aún más este marco al mediar en la asociación entre las competencias mencionadas y los resultados del juicio. Empleando un enfoque metodológico asociativo, el estudio se basa en datos primarios como su recurso fundamental, comprometiéndose en la curación meticulosa de información a través de la difusión de cuestionarios meticulosamente diseñados entre una cohorte de 173 auditores activamente comprometidos en Firmas de Contabilidad Pública (KAP) ubicadas en la expansión urbana de la ciudad de Medan. La técnica de muestreo elegida es el riguroso muestreo saturado, asegurando una representación exhaustiva de la población bajo investigación. Las investigaciones analíticas están gobernadas por un proceso tripartito secuencial que abarca el análisis del modelo exterior, el análisis del modelo interior y la prueba de hipótesis. El software Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) versión 3.3, conocido por sus capacidades analíticas exhaustivas, se utiliza en la búsqueda de estos objetivos. Los hallazgos emergentes obtenidos del análisis empírico revelan varias ideas notables: en primer lugar, la Competencia del Auditor ejerce una influencia notable en los resultados del Juicio de Auditoría; en segundo lugar, la Competencia del Auditor afecta sustancialmente la dinámica de la Complejidad de la Tarea; en tercer lugar, la influencia de la Experiencia del Auditor resuena significativamente en los principios del Juicio de Auditoría; en cuarto lugar, la Experiencia del Auditor establece correlaciones significativas con la Complejidad de la Tarea. Sin embargo, la relación entre la Complejidad de la Tarea y el Juicio de Auditoría no es estadísticamente significativa. Además, el efecto intermedio de la Complejidad de la Tarea en la relación entre la Competencia del Auditor y el Juicio de Auditoría no está respaldado estadísticamente. Por último, el papel mediador de la Complejidad de la Tarea en la asociación entre la Experiencia del Auditor y el Juicio de Auditoría carece de significado empírico