Journal of Law and Sustainable Development
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The Situation of People With Disabilities in the Category of Socially Protected Groups
Get PDFObjective: «The phenomenon of disability is closely linked to acute problems in society. Social isolation and «disability - lack of access to a decent education – difficulty finding a job – poverty» - this is a bitter truth that exists in the beginning of millions of people and none of them is insured. The main aim of the work is to study the situation of social protection of disabled citizens from a scientific-theoretical, for legislative purposes, to reveal some concepts in accordance with certain stages of social development and to give separate conclusions.
Methode: The basis of the research methods is the analysis of theoretical and legal concepts, statistical, understanding, and systemic methods that appear when considering the situation of citizens with disabilities.
Result: The rights of people in need of social protection have long been the subject of close scrutiny by the international community. Nowadays a number of documents have been developed and adopted. Such acts determine the attitude of society and the state to people with disabilities, as well as the relationship of this group of people with society and the state. Many provisions of these acts provide a reliable legal basis for the life and social protection of people with disabilities in the country.
Suggestions: The problem of people with disabilities requires from society not only understanding, but also ensuring the participation of many structures in this process. Providing a number of benefits, we are talking about how to continue to improve the issues of citizens with disabilities, to improve the legislation regulating public relations in the field of social protection, to increase the amount of measures taken to promote public life. Analyzing the situation of people with disabilities in the modern Kazakhstani society, we can say that the state is doing a lot to improve their quality of life, but still a lot of work needs to be done in the field of rehabilitation of people with disabilities. Among them, it is necessary to improve education, employment, health care measures
FACTORS AFFECTING THE BEHAVIOR OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN EARLY DETECTION OF PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS IN BOGOR REGENCY
Get PDFObjective: The most important indicator of health status is maternal mortality (MMR) which must be taken seriously and become a priority. One of the efforts to suppress MMR is the behavior of pregnant women in early detection of pregnancy complications. The behavior of the mother can be influenced by internal factors and external factors. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the behavior of pregnant women in early detection of pregnancy complications in Bogor Regency.
Theoretical framework: There are aspects affecting pregnant women's behaviors as indicators in early detection by studying multiple factors which means therapy is determined by the sort of circumstances that are caused and lead to empowered pregnant women
Method: The design of this study is an analytical survey research with a cross sectional study approach, where the measurement of research variables is measured once at the same time by taking data related to internal factors (age, education, and parity) and external factors (husband support, family support, community support, and health worker support) and behavior of pregnant women. Itwas analyzed using the chi square test with a confidence level of 95%. The data was analyzed using the SPSS program version 26.0.
Results and Conclusions: Internal factors that influence the behavior of pregnant women in early detection of pregnancy complications in Bogor Regency are parity (p: 0.022), while other internal factors show no influence on the behavior of pregnant women (age, education, and income). External factors (husband support, family support, community support, and health worker support) affect the behavior of pregnant women in early detection of pregnancy complications in Bogor Regency (p< 0.001).
Conclusion: Internal factors (parity) and external factors (husband support, family support, community support, and health worker support) affect the behavior of pregnant women in Early Detection of Pregnancy Complications. The most influential factors are the support of health workers and family support
Navigating Climate Action in Nigeria: Assessing Sustainable Development Goal 13 Implementation and Challenges
Get PDFPurpose: This paper critically examines the progress and challenges associated with implementing Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDG 13) in Nigeria, focusing on combating climate change and its impacts.
Method: Adopting a qualitative research paradigm, this study conducts an in-depth analysis of governmental and non-governmental efforts related to SDG 13 in Nigeria. It involves thorough investigation and qualitative assessment to understand the challenges and advancements in implementing climate-related initiatives.
Results and Conclusion: While full domestication of SDG 13 remains unachieved in Nigeria, promising efforts are observed at the local level, with active engagement in climate action planning by government and non-governmental agencies. Strategic recommendations are proposed to improve implementation.
Implications of research: The study suggests enhancing institutional coordination and fostering collaboration among government agencies, local governments, community groups, and stakeholders to collectively address climate challenges in Nigeria.
Originality/Value: This research's originality lies in its analysis of the Nigerian context, offering strategic recommendations to bolster climate action through inclusive engagement and resource pooling. The utilization of qualitative research methods adds depth to understanding the complexities of SDG 13 implementation in Nigeria
Does Ownership Influence Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)? A Study Of Post-Csr Law Implementation In India
Get PDFObjective: This study examines the influence of different ownership structures on corporate social responsibility spending in a mandatory CSR regime.
Method: We use the CSR data under statutory mandate reported by the top 500 publicly listed Indian firms of the first four years after CSR law implementation in 2014 on Bombay Stock Exchange and the Ministry of Corporate Affairs website. Using institutional and agency theory arguments, we hypothesize that ownership structure influences CSR spending. We use multiple logistics regression for our statistical analyses.
Results: In line with our prediction, our results reveal that different ownership structures influence the variation in CSR spending. Foreign firms spend on CSR at par with the statutory mandate. Government firms spend above the statutory mandate, and promoter-owned firms spend below the statutory mandate.
Conclusion: Through CSR spending on social development initiatives, firms can contribute to the United Nations' sustainable development goals (SDGs) and build their credibility among stakeholders. Our study explains the influence of different ownership structures on CSR spending in a mandatory CSR regime. This study can help policymakers revisit the CSR law provisions by understanding why some firms are spending more and why some firms are spending less on CSR and encourage firms to spend more on CSR initiatives. We leverage institutional and agency theory to explain our findings
RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN THE RESOLUTION OF SEXUAL CRIMES IN MEDAN CITY
Get PDFObjective: Objective study This is the application of restorative justice to resolving sexual crimes in the city of Medan. One important aspect of implementing restorative justice is the development of a different mindset in the justice system. This system rejects the conventional view, which only views the perpetrator as the object of punishment and the victim as the party who has the right to obtain justice through sanctions against the perpetrator. In contrast, a restorative approach sees perpetrators as individuals who can take responsibility for their actions and have the potential to improve themselves. Apart from that, victims are also considered an integral part of the recovery process, and the community is given a more active role in supporting this process.
Methods: As for the method of study This is a qualitative study, and research qualitative is a research method used to understand social phenomena in depth. The researcher used a case study because it allowed them to gain a deep understanding of the context, process, and complexity of the phenomenon being studied. Type study This possible researcher will dig for perspective, experience, and possible meaning hidden in the data collected related to restorative justice in resolving sexual crimes in the city of Medan. Then the researcher analyzes or draws an interesting conclusion to find an answer from the researchers thorough.
Conclusions: Results from the study show that the implementation of restorative justice for sexual harassment cases in Medan faces a number of challenges involving complexity, sensitivity, and perceptions of justice. Findings from observations and interviews with court officials show that the use of restorative justice in this context is still rarely adopted. The main factors causing this low adoption involve the complexity of sexual assault cases, a lack of understanding of restorative justice, and concerns about the safety and protection of victims
Legal Reasoning Judge's Decision in Civil Cases
Get PDFIntroduction: Civil Procedure Law is a legal regulation that regulates how to ensure compliance with material civil law through the mediation of a judge. If there is a person or several people who feel that their rights have been violated or have caused harm to them, then they can file a claim for their rights through the court.
Objective: This research aims to know, understand, and discover the nature of legal reasoning (legal reasoning) regarding a Judge's decision in a civil case and to know, understand, and discover the juridical position of legal reasoning (legal reasoning) regarding the Judge's decision in a civil case; and to know and understand the factors that influence legal reasoning (legal reasoning) the Judge's decision in a civil case.
Method: The method used by researchers here is: In this research, combining two types of research, namely in this type of research, the researcher conducts research by combining both Normative and Empirical research with a Qualitative approach related to legal reasoning of judges' decisions in civil cases.
Result: The research results show that: 1) The nature of legal reasoning (Legal Reasoning) The Judge's Decision in Civil Cases is an effort made by using a scientific approach in seeking the truth regarding the upholding of norms based on Law Number 48 of 2009 Article 1 Paragraph 1 Concerning Judicial Power and in essence thinking, using, developing or controlling problems in the legal field by using reason, or what can be called legal reasoning. 2) Juridical Position of Legal Reasoning (Legal Reasoning) Regarding the Judge's Decision in Civil Cases, it can be seen from the aspect of justice that it is a logical implementation of legal norms in the sociological dimension of law, from the aspect of the truth of a decision, legal reasoning is a consequent form of the logical and analytical nature of law. 3) Factors that influence this include Legal Culture Factors, Knowledge and Understanding of the Law Factors, and Evidence Factors.
Conclusion: The Essence of Legal Reasoning (Legal Reasoning) of Judges' Decisions in Civil Cases is an effort made by using a scientific approach in seeking the truth regarding the upholding of norms based on Law Number 48 of 2009 Article 1 Paragraph 1 Concerning Judicial Power and in essence thinking, using, developing or controlling a problem in the legal field by using reason, or what could be called legal reasoning
Constitutional Rights of Indigenous Peoples Affected Britis Petrolem Tangguh (BP) Exploration and Exploitation in Bintuni Bay
Get PDFPurpose: The primary objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive investigation comprising two key facets: first, the analysis of the constitutional rights of indigenous communities affected by the operations of British Petroleum (BP) Tangguh in Bintuni Bay; and second, an examination of the environmental ramifications resulting from the exploration and exploitation activities of BP Tangguh in the same region.
Theoretical Framework: The research adopts a qualitative methodology, specifically employing a juridical-sociological framework, aimed at meticulously evaluating the degree of safeguarding afforded to the rights of indigenous populations in Papua, particularly in response to the repercussions arising from the operational activities conducted by BP Tangguh in Bintuni Bay, Papua.
Methods: The methodology employed in this study involves a qualitative inquiry that harnesses the juridical-sociological approach as a fundamental framework to comprehensively assess and gauge the extent of safeguarding extended to the rights of indigenous communities adversely impacted by the exploration and exploitation endeavors of BP Tangguh in the region of Bintuni Bay. Through in-depth qualitative analysis and examination within this juridical-sociological paradigm, the research aims to delve into the intricate nuances and complexities surrounding the protection, or lack thereof, of these indigenous populations in the face of BP Tangguh's activities, aiming to illuminate the challenges and shortcomings in safeguarding their rights within this context.
Conclussion: The research findings highlight a significant lack of protection for constitutional rights among Bintuni Bay's indigenous communities, mainly due to BP Tangguh's operations. They reveal BP Tangguh's failure in upholding these rights and emphasize the critical issue of inadequate government oversight, resulting in widespread violations. Urgent actions, including a thorough audit of BP Tangguh and swift implementation of corrective measures by the Government, are recommended to restore and safeguard the violated rights of affected indigenous communities, aiming to ensure their well-being and uphold constitutional rights.
Originality/Value: The research contributes original insights by highlighting the failure to protect indigenous rights and the absence of corporate responsibility by BP Tangguh. Moreover, it emphasizes the urgency of governmental intervention, proposing specific steps to rectify the situation. This adds significant value to the discourse on corporate accountability, indigenous rights, and environmental protection in Papua's context
Eco-Innovation, Reducing Carbon Emission and its Impact on Firm Performance (Case Study in Pt Semen Indonesia)
Get PDFObjective: This research was conducted at PT Semen Indonesia Gresik aims to determine the extent of the application of eco-innovation in the company and the extent of the role of management in implementing eco-innovation. This study wants to find out whether the application of eco-innovation carried out at PT Semen Indonesia is able to reduce carbon emissions which is the government's commitment to reduce carbon emissions to the level of 29% by the end 2030.
Theoritical Framework: The impact of environmental degradation and environmental externalities becomes a concentration of attention on social issues that encourage companies to pay attention to their business practices and find solutions to the impacts the environment it causes. Resource-Based View Theory (RBV) is a managerial framework used to define strategic resources with the potential to provide a comparative advantage to company. These resources can be leveraged by companies to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Innovation theory addresses a number of innovation policies and measurement issues such as why companies innovate, what forces drive innovation and what factors hinder it. Related issues are the internal functioning of the company and the types of business practices used to promote innovation.
Method: This research uses a qualitative approach inspired by research of Horbach (2008) and Triguero et al. (2013), which proposes three types of eco-innovation: eco-process, eco-product, and eco-innovation organization, but in this study using four types of eco- Innovations as listed in the Oslo manual developed by the Organization for Economic and Cooperative Development (OECD) are: eco-innovation organizations, eco-innovation products, eco-process innovation, and eco-marketing innovation. Data collection techniques carried out in this study include interviews, observations, documentation studies on emission reports and sustainability reports. The data were analyzed by case study research process stated by Creswel (2007).
Findings: PT Semen Indonesia has implemented various programs in the context of efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, namely through several programs, namely: (1) Diversification of blended cement products use of clinker which will reduce the emission of CO2 gas (carbondioxide) produced; (2) Utilization of alternative fuels using biomass products, also processing municipal waste into alternative fuel at the Ngipik Gresik landfill; (3) Utilization of flue heat gas operations as power plants which has been implemented at the Tuban plant and is able to reduce CO2 by 130,000 tons per year; (4) Upgrade/Improve equipment (high efficiency tech)
Implications: This research has implications that the application of eco-innovation will be able to reduce carbon emissions, which is the Indonesian Government's commitment to reduce carbon emissions by the end of 2030
THE INFLUENCE OF WORK VALUES AND WORK ENGAGEMENT ON IMPROVING THE WORK PERFORMANCE OF YOUNG TEACHERS IN UNIVERSITIES
Get PDFBackground: In the ever-evolving landscape of education, the effectiveness of new instructors within university settings holds paramount importance. This study delves into the intricate interplay among work values, job engagement, and job performance among young educators. As the demands on educators continue to escalate, it becomes imperative to comprehend the factors that propel and enhance their performance in the classroom. Utilizing a secondary research approach, this study undertakes a comprehensive analysis of these factors, drawing insights from a diverse range of secondary data.
Objective: The primary objective of this research is to scrutinize the relationship between work values and work engagement in the context of bolstering work performance among young instructors.
Method: Employing a secondary research methodology, this study examines a broad sample of secondary data to provide a nuanced perspective on the correlation between personal work values and engagement in the academic setting. The research specifically explores the predictive role of aligning individual work values with those of the academic institution.
Results & Conclusion: Anticipated findings indicate that aligning personal work values with institutional values is a key predictor of work engagement for young teachers, with documented positive effects on job performance. The study underscores the pivotal role of intrinsic motives, such as a strong commitment to students' success and enthusiasm for teaching, in enhancing performance. University administrators and policymakers should prioritize initiatives that support teachers, provide professional development opportunities, and cultivate a motivating work environment. By doing so, universities can not only boost the performance of young instructors but also contribute significantly to overall educational quality, preparing future educators for the evolving challenges of academia
EXPLORING THE MOTIVATIONS OF CHINESE BACKPACKERS THAT TRAVELED TO CHILE
Get PDFObjective: Since 2012, Chinese tourists have been the most frequent travelers globally and are presently the leading spenders on international journeys. Among this group, Chinese backpacker tourists notably stand out due to their contribution to the local communities of tourist destinations. In this regard, this research examines the motivations and expectations of Chinese backpacker tourists during their travels in Chile
Method: The study employed a concurrent triangulation design, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis methods through SPSS and ATLAS.ti respectively. A total of 417 surveys and 15 in-depth interviews were conducted with Chinese backpackers who visited Chile in 2019.
Results: The analysis results reveal that these travelers visit Chile motivated by leisure activities in exotic and exclusive destinations such as Patagonia, Antarctica, and Easter Island. They are interested in experiencing and exploring nature, cultural heritage, tasting local products, along with the perceived safety and investment opportunities offered by the country.
Conclusions: These findings underline the necessity for destinations to tailor their offerings to the specific needs of Chinese tourists to enhance their experience and perception of the country as a tourist destination.
Originality/Value: The uniqueness and scholarly significance of this research lie in its scrutiny of the motivations and anticipations of Chinese backpacker tourists during their visits to global destinations—a facet that has been sparsely explored in existing literature. The findings underscore the pivotal role of tailoring destination offerings across diverse global landscapes to align with the specific interests and needs of Chinese tourists. This broader perspective contributes substantially to enhancing their overall travel experiences and perceptions of various destinations as preferred tourist spots, thus providing invaluable implications for destination management strategies and global tourism development initiatives seeking to attract Chinese tourists