Journal of Law and Sustainable Development
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EUTHANASIA AND THE COUNTRIES WHICH POSITIVELY REGULATED ACTIVE EUTHANASIA
No full textObjectives: The main objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive understanding of Euthanasia, also known as mercy-killing, and its various forms. It also aims to discuss the moral and legal implications of Euthanasia, which differ across countries, and examine the statutory frameworks of jurisdictions where Active Euthanasia has been legalized.
Methods: The article outlines the concept of Euthanasia and categorizes its different genres. It then focuses on the statutory regulations in countries where Active Euthanasia has been positively regulated, analyzing the legal frameworks that govern the practice.
Results: The study reveals that while mercy is central to Euthanasia, the moral perceptions of the practice differ significantly between countries. There is no international consensus on the legality and morality of Euthanasia, with certain jurisdictions adopting laws to regulate Active Euthanasia, whereas others continue to oppose it.
Conclusion: The article concludes that despite the variance in legal and moral perspectives, Euthanasia remains a complex and controversial topic. The differences in statutory regulations across countries reflect the diverse approaches to dealing with the ethical dilemma of mercy-killing, with some nations embracing regulation and others maintaining resistance
HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSE IN NIGERIA: TRENDS, ISSUES, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECT
No full textObjective: Human rights abuses persist in Nigeria, undermining democratic governance since 1999. This study investigates pervasive violations, focusing on major trends and national issues facilitating these abuses. Nigeria's complex socio-political landscape, marked by ethnic diversity and economic disparities, exacerbates human rights violations. These include extrajudicial killings, torture, arbitrary arrests, and insurgency-related heinous acts perpetrated by Boko Haram and ISWAP.
Theoretical Framework: The judiciary's inefficiency and corruption hinder justice for victims, while the government suppresses free speech and assembly, contrary to Chapter Four of the Nigerian Constitution, which is the main theoretical framework providing for the understanding of this investigation.
Method: This study has a method of qualitative research which examines the interplay between Nigeria's socio-political landscape and economic disparities, perpetuating human rights violations. Findings reveal widespread abuses, particularly in the Northeast, highlighting the need for judicial reform, security sector reform, and increased accountability.
Research and Discussion: The study provides the result of comprehensive analysis and lasting solutions to address human rights abuses in Nigeria. Recommendations promote dialogue and cooperation among stakeholders to strengthen human rights protection and enforcement. By addressing systemic challenges, Nigeria can move towards a more just and equitable society.
Research Implication: The research implication of this research contributes valuable insights for policymakers, human rights organizations, and scholars.
Originality and Value: Its findings and recommendations offer a pathway towards improved human rights protection in Nigeria, ensuring the well-being and dignity of Nigerian citizens
FACTORS AFFECTING HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY IN NON-FOOD-CENTER AREAS
No full textObjective: This study aims to determine the factors that affect household food security in non-food center areas in West Kotawaringin Regency, Central Kalimantan Province.
Theoretical Framework: In accordance with sustainability theory. Households that have good livelihood assets can increase household food security, strengthen household livelihood assets, not only increase their resilience to various shocks, but also support overall sustainability goals.
Method: The approach used is quantitative method with data collection through questionnaires and processed using Smart PLS 3.0 software to answer research problems and hypotheses. The population in this study were all people in 81 villages and 13 sub-districts in West Kotawaringin Regency total 246,214 people.
Result and Conclusion: Based on quantitative analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that Human assets, Natural assets, Financial assets, Social assets, Physical assets, food distribution affect household food security in West Kotawaringin Regency. Government support strengthens household food security in West Kotawaringin Regency.
Implication of research: The research implication is to strengthen the government's role in ensuring food security. Novelty which is a research finding is the variable role of village government in moderating household food security.
Originality/Value: This research is expected to contribute to sustainable theory where society tries to prioritize social responses to environmental and economic problems. It is hoped that this social response will provide food supplies, as well as identifying factors that influence increasing food security
THE ROLE OF THE INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (IMS) IN IMPROVING PERFORMANCE IN THE AREAS OF QUALITY, HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT (QHSE): A CASE STUDY OF THE ALGERIAN LOCAL PETROLEUM COMPANIES «ENAFOR & ENTP»
No full textObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the integrated management system (SMI) on improving performance in the areas of quality, environment and occupational health and safety in Algerian petroleum companies.
Theoretical Framework: The study draws on concepts of integrated management systems, which combine multiple performance dimensions to improve operational efficiency and employee well-being.
Method: A quantitative approach was adopted, surveying a sample of 100 managers and employees from ENAFOR and ENTP, two local petroleum companies in Hassi Messaoud, Algeria. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire to evaluate the SMI's influence across the targeted performance areas.
Results and Discussion: Findings indicate that the SMI significantly enhances worker performance, with the quality dimension contributing most prominently, while the environmental dimension has the least impact. The discussion highlights the need for comprehensive SMI implementation, emphasizing operational coordination to increase efficiency and reduce risks.
Research Implications: The study suggests that Algerian local petroleum companies should adopt a more integrated SMI approach, aligning quality, environment, and safety standards to ensure sustainable performance. Emphasis on environmental improvements could further enhance worker engagement and performance outcomes.
Originality/Value: This research contributes to understanding SMI's practical implications in high-risk industries, underscoring the value of an integrated approach to quality, safety, and environmental management
RECONSTRUCTION OF JUDGES’ CONSIDERATION IN ABORTION CASES DUE TO COERCION THROUGH THE LENS OF FEMINIST LEGAL THEORY
No full textPurpose: It is essential to reconstruct judges' consideration of abortion cases due to coercion through the lens of feminist legal theory. This reconstruction will help ensure that judges' decisions promote a more gender-affirmative and just legal framework for women defendants.
Theoretical Framework: The author analyzes the judge's consideration using Feminist Legal Theory and the Principles of Judging Cases of Women in Conflict with the Law.
Method: This research utilizes statutory and conceptual approaches described as legal-normative within legal philosophy. The study data comprises literature including court decisions, legal regulations and feminist legal theory.
Results and Discussion: The judge in case number 05/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/PN.Mbn had no empathy for a woman accused of abortion under coercion. The judge failed to recognize the defendant's vulnerabilities. This highlights the need for a more empathetic and gender-sensitive legal system that can make fair decisions for women in similar situations. The reconstructions needed to improve the judiciary: (1) adopt a gender-sensitive paradigm aligned with feminist legal values in decision-making; (2) integrate the principles of PERMA No. 3 of 2017, which protect women's rights; (3) implement a feminist legal reconstruction to reinterpret the legal principles, ensuring gender equality and serving as a reference for judges dealing with coercive abortion cases involving women.
Research Implications: The outcome of this research will contribute to the legal literature on the consideration of criminal law based on feminist legal theory.
Originality/Value: This research encourages judges to apply PERMA No. 3 of 2017 in adjudicating cases of women in conflict with the law
LA REINCORPORACIÓN COMUNITARIA, UN DESAFÍO PARA LA ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA: SISTEMATIZACIÓN DE LA EXPERIENCIA DE REINCORPORACIÓN COMUNITARIA DEL GRUPO DE INTERÉS FARC, UBICADO EN EL ETCR ANTONIO NARIÑO MUNICIPIO DE ICONONZO TOLIMA
No full textObjetivo: Comprender las narrativas del grupo de interés público ubicado en el municipio de Icononzo Tolima, la relación con la Administración Pública desde la pedagogía de paz, el restablecimiento del tejido social, y reconciliación, desarrollada.
Marco teórico: Se plantea un análisis crítico, desde la teoría de la acción comunicativa de Jürgen Habermans, a partir de decisiones democráticas, participativas que permiten transformación y la de una nueva concepción de sociedad integrando paradigmas de sistemas y mundos de vida, dando sustento en el ejercicio de comprender la relación entre el grupo de interés público FARC ubicado en el Municipio de Icononzo - Tolima y la Administración Pública, relacionando la Teoría de la Justicia, de Jhon Rawls, tomando estructuras sociales equitativas y ordenadas.
Método: bajo una metodología cualitativa se sistematizaron las experiencias de 7 integrantes de las FARC- EP, en cinco momentos propuestos por Holliday O (2018).
Resultados y discusión: A partir de una reconstrucción histórica, se logró recuperar el proceso vivido por siete (7) exintegrantes de las FARC-EP ubicados en el Espacio Territorial de Capacitación y Reincorporación “Antonio Nariño”, hombres y mujeres líderes, en el que se consideró que la gestión de los entes administrativos públicos, durante la implementación de la Reincorporación comunitaria fue técnica, propiciando desafíos e incertidumbre en los reincorporados de las FARC -EP, quedando en riesgo la estabilidad del acuerdo de paz en el territorio.
Implicaciones de la investigación: Este estudio ha logrado situar los indicadores que con mayor frecuencia se dieron en el Acuerdo de PAZ, la PNRSE, el PMI, y los planes de desarrollo orientados a la reincorporación. Así, como desde las narrativas todas las estrategias generadas dentro del proceso.
Originalidad/Valor: Este análisis contribuye dentro de la filología en el marco del posconflicto en Colombia, después del acuerdo para una paz estable y duradera entre el Gobierno de Juan Manuel Santos y las FARC - EP
ELECTRONIC ARBITRATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE MECHANISM FOR RESOLVING E-COMMERCE DISPUTES
No full textPurpose: Technological development and technological advancements have led to the emergence of a new type of electronic transaction known as e-commerce, which has become one of the fundamental pillars of the new global economic system.
Theoretical Framework: With the increasing number of disputes arising from e-commerce, there has been a need to explore new methods to resolve such disputes electronically. This has given rise to electronic arbitration, which is characterized by features not found in traditional dispute resolution systems, such as speed, efficiency, low cost, and a higher level of enforceability compared to traditional arbitration. Electronic arbitration aligns closely with the nature of e-commerce disputes.
Methodology: This research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to comprehensively address all aspects of electronic arbitration as a means of resolving international trade disputes.
Findings: Due to advancements in the field of technological communication and the suitability of this new method, countries have adopted what is known as electronic arbitration. This method has proven to be highly significant in resolving arbitration disputes, aligning with the characteristics of commerce, particularly in terms of the speed of conducting both conventional and electronic transactions.
Research Implications: The findings of this research will contribute to the recognition of electronic arbitration as an important mechanism for resolving e-commerce disputes, particularly in the field of international trade. Its key features include saving both time and effort, offering flexible justice that aligns with the will of both disputing parties and the requirements of e-commerce.
Originality/Value: Given the importance and prominent position of arbitration among other dispute resolution methods, countries and international organizations have worked to regulate it as an alternative method of settlement in international trade, both in international and national legislation. Similarly, the Algerian legislator has organized its provisions within Law No. 08-09 concerning civil and administrative procedures
English
No full textObjective: Formulate philosophical, sociological, juridical considerations or foundations for the formation of draft laws or draft regional regulations related to regional spatial planning.
Methodology: Formulate the objectives to be realized, the scope of regulation, the reach, and direction of regulation in the draft Regional Regulation researchers use a type of descriptive – qualitative research.
Results: The 2031 land change prediction shows that the largest projected land use change is dryland agriculture at 21830 ha (17.2%). This prediction is made following historical patterns that have occurred between 2016, 2019 and 2022. The prediction of land use change in 2022-2031 in Pesawaran District shows that wetland agriculture will decrease by 17.91%. This is due to improved infrastructure in rice field land use areas, this reduction is also caused by an increase in population growth that occurs in Pesawaran Regency.
Conclusion: Strategic policies that can be carried out are increasing the fulfillment of green open space (RTH), developing habitable residential areas; preserving production forest areas to maintain ecosystem balance; developing community plantation areas to improve community welfare; optimization of space utilization in accordance with its designation.Objetivo: Formular consideraciones o fundamentos filosóficos, sociológicos, jurídicos para la formación de proyectos de ley o proyectos de reglamentos regionales relacionados con la ordenación espacial regional.Metodología: Formular los objetivos a alcanzar, el alcance de la regulación, el alcance y la dirección de la regulación en el proyecto de Reglamento Regional. Los investigadores utilizan un tipo de investigación descriptiva – cualitativa.Resultados: La predicción del cambio de suelo para 2031 muestra que el mayor cambio de uso de la tierra proyectado es la agricultura de tierras secas con 21.830 ha (17,2%). Esta predicción se realiza siguiendo patrones históricos que ocurrieron entre 2016, 2019 y 2022. La predicción del cambio de uso de la tierra en 2022-2031 en el distrito de Pesawaran muestra que la agricultura de humedales disminuirá en un 17,91%. Esto se debe a la mejora de la infraestructura en las áreas de uso de la tierra de los campos de arroz; esta reducción también se debe al aumento en el crecimiento demográfico que se produce en Pesawaran Regency.Conclusión: Las políticas estratégicas que se pueden llevar a cabo son aumentar la realización de espacios verdes abiertos (RTH), desarrollar áreas residenciales habitables; preservar las áreas de bosques de producción para mantener el equilibrio del ecosistema; desarrollar áreas de plantaciones comunitarias para mejorar el bienestar comunitario; optimización de la utilización del espacio de acuerdo con su designación
Legal Protection For Doctors in Running A Practice
Get PDFPurpose: Legal problems that may arise as a result of using hospital services when a general practitioner is on call to carry out medical procedures that are the rights of the treating doctor. This article aims to determine the practice of implementing health law in relation to the protection of doctors who carry out daily practice in Indonesia. This article also reviews deviations in health law in relation to medical practice in Indonesia. In the end, the author intends to offer and provide solutions to problems and irregularities in the implementation of health law in medical practice so it is hoped that this article can become a reference in increasing compliance with health law, especially regarding the protection of doctors when carrying out medical practice.
Theoretical Framework: Legal protection is something an effort to protect individual interests by allocating a human right of power to the individual to be able to act in the context of those interests. Legal protection is basically protection given to legal subjects in the form of legal instruments. Doctors who carry out their profession have the right to receive legal protection as regulated in Article 50 of Law Number 29 of 2004 concerning Medical Practice. Hospitals are obliged to provide legal protection to doctors who work in their hospitals in accordance with the hospital's obligations as regulated in Article 29 paragraph (1) letter (s) of Law Number 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals. In Indonesia, laws and regulations do not yet clearly regulate legal protection for doctors.
Method: This study uses normative legal methods supported by literature reviews from national and scientific journals international. The main focus of the subject is law, which is understood as social standards or regulations that guide everyone's behavior.
Results: The research results show that as long as doctors follow standard operating procedures in their practice, they are allowed to carry out medical procedures to save lives in emergencies. Professional standards refer to a set of minimum competencies (knowledge, abilities, and attitudes) that a doctor must possess.
Conclusions: Legal protection for medical professionals practicing in hospitals is necessary to ensure that the health services offered comply with medical standards and medical ethics. At the same time, improving health service standards needs to be supported by providing a supportive work environment for doctors
Democratic Political Law in Indonesia After Amendments to the 1945 Uud
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of democracy before and after the amendment of the 1945 Constitution.
Method: This research uses descriptive normative research methods, normative legal methods in research conducted by researchers by examining library materials or secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials.
Results and Conclusion: Amendments to the 1945 Constitution brought about changes in the configuration and status of the Indonesian People's representative institutions. Before the adjustment to the chamber system in Indonesia, this country adhered to a unicameral system where the People's Consultative Assembly held supreme power as the highest state institution and guardian of people's sovereignty. After the amendment to the 1945 Constitution, the People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia underwent a transformation, from an institution that holds the sovereignty of the people to a state institution that is on par with other leading state institutions. Apart from that, the results of the revision of the 1945 Constitution also increased the role of the DPR, especially regarding legislative capacity. The inclusion of the Regional Representative Council (DPD) under the People's Consultative Assembly, alongside the People's Representative Council (DPR) in a parliamentary system, can be linked to the constitutional amendment to the 1945 Constitution. This amendment aims to establish a bicameral system in Indonesia, with the basic aim of encouraging checks and balances between state institutions