Journal of Law and Sustainable Development
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Exploring the Shifting Understanding of Jihad Among Former Terrorists in their Journey Towards Disengagement: Transforming the Sword
Get PDFPurpose: This article explores the transformation of former terrorists' understanding of jihad verses to promote non-violence and disengagement.
Method: The research uses a qualitative, narrative-phenomenological approach to analyze this shift. Data collection techniques with interviews (in deph interview), observation, and documentation. The depth of the data was obtained by searching for additional informants with snowball sampling techniques.Conventional content analysis techniques for open coding in this study. Open coding is obtained from the narration of informants.
Result: The findings indicate a change in perception among former terrorists, but it does not completely eliminate their desire for holy war. Instead, they now view global jihad as defensive rather than offensive, and the law of jihad has shifted from an individual to a collective obligation. Former terrorists have replaced acts of terror with peaceful, humanistic actions. This transformation occurs during the process of indoctrination and later reflection on their perceived jihad actions. The informants' reflections are influenced by holistic interpretations of jihad verses, considering the impact of terror acts and social interactions with outgroups, family, and humanity. Ultimately, the research recommends a contextual examination of jihad verses to form the basis of deradicalization programs. Providing ongoing support to former terrorists during their reflection is crucial.
Conclusion: Based on previous discussions, it can be concluded that a shift in understanding the meaning of jihadi verses occurred in all informants in this study. The shift in understanding of global jihad to defensive jihad; the law of jihad from fard 'ain (individual obligation) to the law of fard kifayah (collective obligation); jihad with acts of terror to jihad with peaceful and humanist action. This shift in understanding occurs in two stages, namely when the process of indoctrination of terror and when they reflect on actions that have been believed to be jihad
The Effects of Work Stress and Workload on Job Satisfaction With its Impact on Employee Performance at PT. Industrial Kapal Indonesia (Persero)
Get PDFObjective: Performance is necessary to increase one's capacity to handle competition. Several reasons, such as time constraints, physical and mental exhaustion, and taking on several duties, can lead to excessive workloads, which in turn can cause stress in some employees and lower performance. This study attempts to ascertain the impact of work stress and workload on job satisfaction with its impact on employee performance at PT Industri Kapal Indonesia (Persero).
Method: Cross-sectional study design in quantitative research. 104 employees who were chosen by simple random sampling participated in the study. A questionnaire and the Pulse Oximeter Tool were used to measure the variables related to physical workload. Path analysis was used to examine the data using Analysis Moment of Structural (AMOS) software.
Results: The results showed that there is an effect of work stress on job satisfaction (p=0.002), work period affects job satisfaction (p=0.000), mental workload affects job satisfaction (p=0.026), physical workload does not affect on job satisfaction (p=0.649), there is no direct effect of work stress on employee performance (p=0.666), work period affects employee performance (p=0.002), mental workload affects employee performance (p=0.014), physical workload affects employee performance (p=0,000), work stress has an indirect effect on employee performance through job satisfaction (p=0.005), work period has an indirect effect on employee performance through job satisfaction (p=0.002), mental workload has an indirect effect on employee performance through job satisfaction (p=0.035), physical workload has no indirect effect on employee performance through job satisfaction (p=0.539).
Conclusion: Furthermore, there is a significant impact on workload and work exhaustion. More investigation is being done on additional variables that may impact output at work.
Implication of the research: This research can contribute to increasing employee’s awareness of work stress and workload that can have an impact on performance. In the workplace. The results of this study can help companies to reduce the level of stress and workload experienced by employees and can increase employee job satisfaction so that employee performance continues to increase.
Originality: This journal presents a study of work stress and workload with its impact on employee performance considering that previous studies have not discussed work stress and physical and mental loads together. These findings explain the importance of maintaining stress levels and physical and mental health in determining the increase and decrease in employee performance
Tax Sanction by Reward and Punishment Mechanism as A Part of Tax Law in Increasing Tax Morale
Get PDFBackground: Taxation is an important source of revenue for a country. Research in many developing countries has recently demonstrated that tax can play a significant role in the development of power of state and society. This is seen on two principles, namely the imposition of a tax as a negotiation process based on social contract (revenue-bargaining policy) and taxes for institutional development to strengthen the capacity of the state to perform its functions. Unfortunately, countries with tax systems still have problems with tax compliance because of low tax morale and low tax sanction enforcement.
Purpose: The study’s purpose was to conduct research related to the effect of tax sanction by combining reward and punishment against tax morale to increase tax compliance.
Theoretical reference: Tax morale is the intrinsic motivation and willingness of individuals and businesses to comply with tax obligations voluntarily. Rewards can be framed as gains, leveraging prospect theory to enhance the perceived benefits of tax compliance. Punishments function as deterrents to non-compliance by increasing the perceived costs of evasion. Rewards and punishments can be balanced to create an optimal incentive structure. The perceived fairness in the distribution of rewards and punishments contributes to tax morale.
Method: Research is undertaken through online surveys. In this study, besides conducting descriptive analysis to see the characteristics of respondents and the mean and frequency of each variable, data is also analyzed by Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. In the implementation, descriptive analysis is realized by Qualtrics Software and verification analysis, consisting of assessing outer model and assessing inner model.
Results and Conclusion: The study highlighted the respondent’s agreement toward reward and punishment mechanism in the tax sanction and this mechanism can enhance tax morale. The findings emphasize the significant impact the tax sanction via reward and punishment on tax morale.
Implications of research: The implementation of tax sanctions, as a part of tax law, in the form of easiness (reward) and uneasiness (punishment) in obtaining public services. It is considered more humane than imprisonment sanction to people, who have contributed to the country by taxes paid and smoother to increase tax morale, so that the green economy and sustainable developments in the tax sector can be realized.
Originality/value: Reward and punishment mechanism in enhancing tax morale
The Ideological Heritage of Poet Nguyen Dinh Chieu in Promoting Ethnic Values Today
Get PDFObjectives: This article aims to delve into the ideological legacy of poet Nguyen Dinh Chieu, focusing on key themes such as patriotic thought, the promotion of national heroism, ideas related to social reform, and humanistic perspectives. Additionally, the exploration extends to the poet's emphasis on promoting traditional cultural values. The overarching goal is to provide readers with a comprehensive and complete understanding of the valuable contributions embedded in Nguyen Dinh Chieu's thoughts.
Methods: To achieve the outlined objectives, a meticulous analysis of Nguyen Dinh Chieu's writings and works is undertaken. This involves delving into historical and cultural contexts surrounding the poet's life to illuminate the influences on his ideological constructs. Furthermore, the study incorporates an examination of scholarly interpretations and critiques of Nguyen Dinh Chieu's contributions to ensure a well-rounded exploration.
Results: The findings of this investigation reveal the multifaceted nature of Nguyen Dinh Chieu's ideological legacy. The article highlights the significance of his patriotic thought, the advocacy for national heroism, insights into social reform, and the infusion of humanistic ideals. Additionally, the role of traditional cultural values in shaping and enriching Nguyen Dinh Chieu's thoughts is identified and expounded upon.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this article provides a holistic view of Nguyen Dinh Chieu's invaluable contributions to ideological discourse. The emphasis lies not only on understanding the various dimensions of his thoughts but also on the need to preserve, protect, and promote the poet's ideological values. Furthermore, the conclusion contemplates the enduring relevance of Nguyen Dinh Chieu's ideas in the ever-evolving landscape of international integration
The Effects of Singing Activities on Children’s Memory, Learning Motivation, and Creativity in an Indonesian Kindergarten for Preschoolers
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to ensure that singing activities in preschool children can affect children's memory, motivate them to learn, and enhance creativity. The idea is, when a child sings, the child is in a happy state, so the brain releases the hormones dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, and endorphins. These hormones are interrelated, for example, when endorfins bind receptors in the central nervous system, dopamine (the hormone of pleasure) is released. These hormones are produced in the hypothalamus and produce the glands that control the hormones in the brain so that one feels satisfied and happy. As a result of the pleasure experienced by the child, the child will be easy to understand the lessons or material given by the teacher, so the child's memory or intelligence will improve. Creativity will also increase as a result of singing activities. Building creativity means sharpening the mind, and it also means increasing the sensitivity of infiltration in the child. The child is sensitive to the tone, melody, rhythm, lyrics, growing a curiosity because of the singing stimulation given.
Method: Method: This study uses a quantitative experimental approach with pre-experimental characteristics of the type One Group PreTest Post-Test Design. Pre-experienced research is a method to find the influence of a treatment on a group with not too many respondents, using one group without a comparative group, with a pre-test, treatment, and post-test sequence, so that the results of the treatment are clear and accurate as compared to before the treatment. The study was conducted at Northern Jakarta Methodist School with a total of 21 children from 5-6 years of age. The research procedure comprises three stages, namely the planning stage, the implementation stage, and the assessment and analysis stage.
Result: As for the calculations (using the Paired Sample T-Test) pre-test and posttest variables memory power, learning motivation, and creativity, the three showed significance values of 0,000 or < 0.05. This indicates that there are differences in pre-test and post-test data on the three variables. It can be said that, singing activity affects the memory, learning motivation, and creativity of the child. N-gain of the three variables equally showed a value of 0.5. Singing activity is said to have an impact on improving the memory, learning motivation, and creativity of children. A child's singing activity can stimulate the brain to absorb information. There is a repetition of the words to the theme song helps the child to remember the given material. Not only that, the kids also looked happy and enthusiastic during the singing activity. Children also participated more actively during the post-test in answering questions and commenting. The joy of a child when performing a singing activity also affects his or her creativity. Singing gives a child positive emotions so it keeps the child undepressed and unrestricted, making the child confident especially in presenting ideas according to his imagination.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that singing activity affects the memory, learning motivation, and creativity of children in Methodist kindergarten. This is due to differences in pre-test and post-test results that show an average increase of n-gain 0.5 (moderate increase) on each variable. Singing activity can be said to be an influential learning strategy in improving children's memory, learning motivation, and creativity
The Government's Role in Enforcing the Law Against Perpetrators of Terrorism
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of the research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the government's role in countering terrorism in Indonesia, analyze the legal and institutional frameworks, and emphasize the significance of international collaboration in addressing the global nature of terrorism.
Theoritical Framework: The theoretical framework for understanding counterterrorism dynamics in Indonesia integrates diverse perspectives. Drawing from criminology, the Routine Activity Theory explores root causes, emphasizing socio-political, economic, and ideological factors. The Legal Process Theory elucidates interactions within legal institutions, such as the Indonesian National Police, military, and BNPT. The framework advocates a holistic counterterrorism approach for societal security and global stability.
Methodology: The research methodology combines normative juridical analysis with a thorough examination of legal literature and secondary data to provide a comprehensive understanding of the legal and conceptual framework underlying the government's role in countering terrorism in Indonesia.
Findings: The Indonesian government has implemented a multifaceted strategy to combat terrorism, featuring specialized units like Densus 88 and the National Agency for Combating Terrorism (BNPT). Densus 88, part of the National Police, handles various terrorist threats, while BNPT formulates and implements national anti-terrorism policies. The establishment of the State Intelligence Agency (BIN) enhances intelligence capabilities. Recognizing terrorism's global nature, international cooperation is crucial. The study emphasizes the need for robust government policies, effective law enforcement, and collaboration to address terrorism's societal impact comprehensively.
Research, Practical & Social implications: The research significantly contributes to academic understanding by comprehensively exploring terrorism, government policies, and law enforcement in Indonesia, employing a normative juridical methodology. With practical implications, it highlights the need for robust government policies, emphasizing the roles of key institutions like the Indonesian National Police, BNPT, and the military. Practical applications involve fostering collaboration, implementing preventive measures, and prioritizing international cooperation. Socially, the research underscores the government's vital role in ensuring societal security, promoting a collective sense of safety and resilience against terrorism.
Originality/value: The study stem from its comprehensive exploration of terrorism, in-depth analysis of the government's role and legal institutions, highlighting international cooperation, and providing a holistic approach with practical policy recommendations. The integration of a normative juridical methodology further enhances the research's academic rigor and contributes to the understanding of legal aspects related to counterterrorism efforts
IDENTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY OF FERN PLANT TYPES IN MOUNT MASIGIT KAREUMBI BURU PARK, BANDUNG, INDONESIA
Get PDFObjective: The aim of this research is to determine the types of ferns as an effort to achieve the SDGs program through flora conservation in Mount Masigit Kareumbi Buru Park, Bandung, Indonesia
Result: The length of the transect line used is around 100 meters, every 10 meters there is a quadrant measuring 10 x 10 meters. The research results found 8 types of ferns belonging to 5 families and 7 genera including Phegopteris connectilis, Cyclosorus heterocarpus, Cyathea latebrosa, Cyathea sp., Diplazium proliferum, Athyrium sp., Pteris fauriei, and Drynaria quercifolia. Based on the calculation results, the fern species that has the highest IIV is Phegopteris connectilis with an IIV of 197.789%. Meanwhile, the one with the lowest IIV is Cyathea sp. with a total IIV of 5.57961%. Based on the results of calculations using the species diversity index (H'), the diversity of fern species in TBGMK in the Rasamala Forest and Pine Forest areas is classified into the low category with the fern species diversity index obtained, namely H'= 0.93211 and 0.8493.
Conclussion: The ferns found at TBGMK consist of 8 types belonging to 5 families. The species found were Phegopteris connectilis, Cyclosorus heterocarpus, Cyathea latebrosa, Cyathea sp., Diplazium proliferum, Athyrium sp., Pteris fauriei, and Drynaria quercifolia.
Suggestion: Many studies are still needed to record the diversity of ferns in TBGMK and increase species diversity to maintain environmental sustainability
EXAMINING CHALLENGES OF THE PROSECUTORS ERADICATING CORRUPTION WITHIN CAPITAL EXPENDITURES IN INDONESIA’S LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Get PDFObjectives: This study explores corruption in the capital expenditure of local governments and prosecutor officials’ failure to combat it. This is associated with the rampant corruption in the procurement (called capital expenditure) of local governments in Indonesia, with a corruption risk of 79%. This prevalent corruption aligns with the escalating complex challenges faced by the prosecutors in its endeavors to unveil and address it.
Method: This study scrutinizes archival data and field data used an instrumental case study strategy within the framework of Actor Network Theory (ANT). We get field data through in-depth interviews involving 56 key informants in Yogyakarta's City and Regencies—specifically, Sleman Regency, Bantul Regency, and Yogyakarta City.
Results: The findings of this investigation underscore the formidable challenges encountered by prosecutors in addressing corruption within the realm of capital expenditure in local government. First, the deficient financial acuity of prosecutors obstructs the exhaustive gathering of information pertaining to corrupt practices in capital expenditure, consequently complicating their ability to combat corruption effectively. Second, these officials grapple with interventions that further complicate their efforts to tackle corruption, as a result exacerbating the intricacies of the task they are currently facing.
Conclusions: This research contribute originally to develop an analysis to decipher the local prosecutor officials fail in combating local corruption effectively, in which useful enhance anti-corruption strategies related to execution of local capital expenditures. The study also provides an insight to improve the understanding of local and national policymakers dealing with the corruption eradication ineffectively in capital expenditures
CREATING STUDENTS’ LOYALTY IN THE AVIATION CAMPUS
No full textBackground: Education is like a basic need that must be met. Because by having a qualified education, people will have provisions in competition in the world of work. consumers will also be very careful in choosing a tertiary higher education so that later the time and costs spent are comparable to what they get from the college's service products. He can usually find out about this from what is promoted by the College in marketing the service products it sells through the higher education. Student loyalty can also be created if students are willing to convey positive word of mouth (WOM) from time to time.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of higher education image on students’ loyalty through word of mouth at Aviation Campus.
Method: The type of research used in this study is hypothesis testing. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. After distributing the relevant questionnaires among 100 students, all usable questionnaires are returned. Then the data collections are analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
Result: Research findings show that higher education image has a positive significant effect on word of mouth and students’ loyalty. Then, word of mouth has a positive significant effect on loyalty.
Conclusions: The research has given description well that higher education image and word of mouth variables still give positive contribution toward student’s loyalty in Aviation Campus
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ENHANCING INTERNAL CONTROL MECHANISM OF COMMERCIAL BANKS WITH A CASE IN THAI NGUYEN
No full textObjectives: The objective of this paper is to present solutions and suggestions for enhancing the control mechanism of commercial banks, with a specific case study conducted in Thai Nguyen. In light of the increasing demand for bank risk management, this study aims to propose strategies to improve and develop more effective control solutions.
Methods: Efforts will be made to organize and integrate risk management datasets into an effective Management Information System (MIS) or bank core system. Additionally, this study will emphasize the integration of risk management and monitoring activities as crucial components of a robust internal control system. By doing so, managers will be equipped to maintain effective internal control functions over time.
Results: The results of this study are yet to be determined. However, it is anticipated that the proposed solutions and suggestions will contribute to enhancing the control mechanisms of commercial banks, particularly in the context of risk management. By integrating risk management datasets and activities into the internal control system, banks may experience improved efficiency and effectiveness in managing risks.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the integration of effective risk management practices within the internal control framework of commercial banks is essential for ensuring stability and resilience in the face of financial uncertainties. This paper underscores the importance of proactive measures in enhancing control mechanisms, particularly in the context of evolving banking landscapes. Through the implementation of the proposed solutions, banks in Thai Nguyen and beyond may fortify their risk management practices and bolster overall operational resilience