Journal of Law and Sustainable Development
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Anticipative Urban Warfare Strategies on the Neo'post-Truth Era in Indonesia
Get PDFObjective: The objective of this research was to explore the Universal People's Security Defense System that has not been well socialized in anticipating future threats. The aim of this research is to realize an anticipatory Urban Warfare strategy by creating a General National Defense Policy for 2025-2030 in the Neo' Post-Truth Era in Indonesia.
Method: The qualitative method used in this research is a case study approach. Through literature study data collection and analyzing several rules regarding the urban warfare strategies, the research focused on how these elements mold the future policy on the neo ‘post truth era in Indonesia.
Results: The facts about the threats of radicalism, terrorism, insurgency, separatism and social revolution change the arrival of military, non-military and hybrid threats into a new categorization of threats in the form of asymmetric, proxy, hybrid and information threats as urban warfare threats. Various countries have experienced the problem of urban warfare starting from the Arab Spring in the Middle East, African countries, South Asia and Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. The results of this research show, first, the forms of threats in the world and Indonesia in the form of asymmetric, proxy, hybrid and information threats. Second, the policy and implementation are in accordance with the General State Defense Policy in the Neo' Post-Truth Era in Indonesia in the form of a policy of balancing security and prosperity. Third, Anticipatory Strategy for Urban Warfare in the Neo ‘Post-Truth era in Indonesia in the form of intelligence cooperation, diplomacy and operations. The conclusion of this research requires the creation of the latest 2025-2030 jakum hanneg in anticipating Urban Warfare in Indonesia.
Conclusion: Urban warfare is complex and challenging. This operation is not only military in nature, but also has many aspects because it must take into account the economic, social and other characteristics of the city. Successful urban operations require specialized strategy and training, as well as adapted weapons and equipment. Implementation policy general national defense can involve development strength reliable military and non -military for capable face threat in environment urban areas, including effective strategies and tactics in face urban warfare. This is possible involve training special for personnel military in urban battle, development appropriate technology and equipment for operation urban, as well good planning and coordination between various units and agencies involved in national defense. Apart from that, implementation policy general national defense can also cover effort to build cooperation with parties related in face threat of urban warfare. This can involve cooperation with police, government region, and society civil in effort for increase security and preparedness in face threat in urban environment
NATIONAL ECONOMIC RESILIENCE VULNERABILITY IN ACEH DURING SPECIAL AUTONOMY
Get PDFPurpose: This study aims to analyze the vulnerability and resilience of the national economy in Aceh Province during the Special Autonomy period. Factors affecting Aceh's economic vulnerability will be carefully discussed in the context of the implementation of Special Autonomy.
Theoretical Reference: This study investigates corruption practices in Aceh Province using the Fraud Triangle Theory perspective, which identifies three key factors that influence corrupt behavior: pressure, rationalization, and opportunity. The research reveals that Aceh, as an autonomous region, has complex dynamics of corruption.
Method: Both internal and external pressures, including economic and political factors, drive corrupt actors to seek opportunities for personal gain. Furthermore, the rationalization of corrupt actors, such as economic dissatisfaction or loose ethical justifications, plays a crucial role in legitimizing their corrupt actions. External factors, primarily the opportunity, play a pivotal role in facilitating corruption practices in Aceh. The existence of the Aceh Special Autonomy Fund (DOKA) provides opportunities for corrupt practices, especially when strong oversight mechanisms are lacking.
Results and Conclusion: This study highlights that the available opportunities influence individuals' choices in dealing with internal pressures and rationalizations, in line with the Fraud Triangle Theory. Therefore, corruption prevention and intervention efforts need to focus on reducing opportunities for individuals to engage in corrupt activities.
Implication of Research: The research findings provide valuable insights into the factors influencing corruption in Aceh and serve as a basis for further efforts to mitigate corrupt practices in the region. During the Special Autonomy period, Aceh faced various economic challenges and threats, including vulnerability to changes in global economic conditions, dependence on certain economic sectors, and potential economic inequalities. These factors create economic vulnerabilities that need to be addressed.
Orginality Value: This study will also discuss measures to strengthen Aceh's national economic resilience. Resilience-strengthening measures include economic diversification, human resource development, as well as increased cooperation between the government, private sector, and society. The results of this study will provide valuable insights into efforts to improve Aceh's national economic resilience during the Special Autonomy period. This information can be used as a basis for more effective and sustainable policy planning in improving Aceh's economic conditions
The contribution of community-based libraries in climate action to strengthen the face of climate change supports the SDGs
Get PDFIntroduction: Climate change is one of the goals to be achieved in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which requires various groups to participate in adaptation and mitigation of global warming. This is because climate change causes various problems that have a direct impact on human life. The objectives of this research are to find out the role of libraries as a medium for climate change literacy and the role of libraries in climate action addressing climate change.
Data Collection Methods: The research method used is literature study which is concerned with methods of collecting library data, reading and taking notes, and managing research materials from literary sources in the form of textbooks, journals, scientific articles, conducting studies by studying material obtained from literary sources in the form of articles.
Results and Disccusion: The research results show that libraries can act as media that teach climate change literacy to the public. Libraries act as providers of information, libraries play a role in teaching environmental health literacy by educating the public to learn information about climate change. The library becomes an example of reduce and reuse behaviour by showing examples of how to reduce waste disposal emissions through actions to reduce the use of paper materials and the role in implementing go green.
Conclusion: Community-based libraries contribute to climate action by becoming information providers, educators, given an examples and become role models
Analysis of Factors Influencing Work Accidents in the Production Section at PT Industri Kapal Indonesia (Persero)
Get PDFBackground: A work accident is an unwanted incident at work that can result in physical harm or even death. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) knowledge is still lacking, employees know that PPE has been provided but the attitude of using PPE is still lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the incidence of work accidents in the production department.
Methods: The research method is a quantitative design with a case control study approach using a simple random sampling technique. Data processing and analysis were carried out using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses.
Results: The results of this study indicate that there is an influence between workers' attitudes towards work accidents (ρ = 0.002). Meanwhile, years of service (ρ=0.185), use of PPE (ρ=0.824), knowledge (ρ=1.000), behavior (ρ=0. 654) and Action (ρ = 1.000) showed no effect on the incidence of work accidents.
Conclusion: Workers with a new work period tend to have more work accidents. The frequency of work accidents unaffected by the use of PPE. In addition, having high or low knowledge does not ensure that an employee will not be exposed to risk factors or have an accident at work, particularly in high-risk industries. The attitudes of employees concerning workplace accidents are influenced. Nonetheless, there is no correlation between employee conduct and the frequency of workplace mishaps. Another result is that one of the factors that might lead to work accidents is human conduct, specifically risky activities
Development of Cross-Sector Collaboration Indicators in the Child-Friendly City Program in Makassar City
Get PDFPurpose: This research aims to produce indicators for the cross-sector collaboration process in the KLA Program to measure and evaluate cross-sector performance based on health and welfare indicators in Indonesia.
Theoretical reference: This research uses theories from Thomson and Perry in 2006 and also research by Balqis, 2023. Thomson and Perry perfected Gray's theory, which was an early pioneer in the formation of collaboration theory (describing a multidimensional model of collaboration).
Method: This research uses a qualitative method with a Rapid Assessment Procedure design, discussing child-friendly district/city programs which are then validated by policymakers.
Results and Conclusion: This research produces indicators of cross-collaboration in the KLA program. 17 indicators were identified in five dimensions of collaboration, namely governance dimension which consists of 3 indicators (membership, institutional rules, structural changes) and 7 sub-indicators; The administrative dimension consists of 6 indicators (communication channels, clarity of roles and responsibilities, coordination of policy makers and implementers, completeness of information media data, program evaluation/monitoring) and 14 sub-indicators; The autonomy dimension consists of 2 indicators (programs and budgets) and 9 sub-indicators; The mutuality dimension consists of 3 indicators (exchange of resources, appreciation, HR training in understanding children's rights conventions) and 6 sub-indicators; The norms dimension consist of 3 indicators (trust, commitment, and reward) and 5 sub-indicators. The conclusion of this research is the indicators resulting from the five dimensions of collaboration can be used as a reference to prove quantitatively and used as a tool in measuring cross-sectoral performance in child-friendly district/city programs.
Implications of research: These findings contribute to cross-sector collaboration in child-friendly city programs. Apart from that, this can also have implications for policymakers and other stakeholders in developing collaboration indicators to achieve the goals of the child-friendly city program.
Originality/Value: This research is conducted using a collaborative approach with five key dimensions of collaboration, namely governance, administration, mutuality, norms, and organizational autonomy. Novelty in this research is original because it offers the concept of developing cross-sector collaboration indicators in the health sector category
The Readiness of Implementation of Universal Health Coverage Program in Soppeng Regency: A Qualitative Study
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to determine the readiness to implement the Universal Health Coverage program in Soppeng Regency in 2023.
Theoritical Framework : This research was chosen based on theoretical views (George C. Edwards III, 1980) where the supporting variables in policy implementation that influence the success or failure of policy implementation are divided into four parts that mutually support each other, including communication, resources, attitudes and structure bureaucracy.
Method: The type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative research with in-depth interviews using questionnaires and documentation. The research was conducted in July-August 2023 in Soppeng Regency. The number of samples used were 10 informants who were taken using a purposive sampling technique.
Results and Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that communication, the implementation of the Universal Health Coverage program in Soppeng Regency has been going well, the delivery of information from BPJS Kesehatan to the Regional Government has been conveyed clearly and consistently. Resources, the implementation of the Universal Health Coverage program in Soppeng Regency, in terms of the quantity of human resources, both policy makers and program implementer, are considered good and competent, accompanied by supporting facilities. The attitude/disposition, commitment and support of BPJS Kesehatan, Regional Government, related OPD to village government in implementing the Universal Health Coverage program in Soppeng Regency are considered quite good. The bureaucratic structure, the implementation of the Universal Health Coverage program has been going quite well where the mechanism for implementing the JKN-KIS program, in this case BPJS Kesehatan, with the coordination of the Health Office, has made every effort to provide the best service to the community and provide financial protection.
Implications of the Research: The implementation of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Soppeng Regency aims to ensure that everyone, everywhere can get quality health services without causing financial problems due to the disease they suffer from
The Implementation of National Defense Policy: Understanding the Concept in the Millennial Era
Get PDFPurpose: This research aims to comprehensively examine the implementation of national defense policy in the millennial era, explicitly focusing on the conceptual understanding within the framework of the National Defense program in the Republic of Indonesia. The study aims to shed light on the challenges and implications of the evolving threat landscape, globalization, and technological advancements, emphasizing the necessity for a strategic and well-utilized defense strategy.
Theoretical Reference: This research is grounded in the theoretical framework of state defense, emphasizing its significance as a mindset and pattern of action aligned with the values of Pancasila. The study draws on the context of Indonesia's pluralistic and multicultural conditions, exploring how these factors contribute to the complexity of implementing state defense. The theoretical foundation is further supported by critical variables, including government leadership, the formation of reserve component blocks, and citizenship education, all crucial in shaping a robust national defense strategy.
Method: This qualitative case study explores the implementation of state defense policies in the millennial era. Key aspects include assessing the government's role, National Defense program effectiveness, and community participation. Respondent selection involves stakeholders, ensuring diverse perspectives. Data collection comprises in-depth interviews and document analysis.
Results and Conclusion: The results of this research highlight the intricate nature of implementing state defense in the millennial era, considering the challenges arising from globalization, technological advancements, and internal conflicts. The study underscores the importance of genuine role models among national leaders and stakeholders, especially in fostering a paternalistic culture for the younger generation. The conclusion emphasizes the constructive nature of defending the country as a strategy for maintaining national integrity and empowering the Republic of Indonesia in the face of evolving threats.
Implications of research: The implications of this research extend to various sectors, including government policy-making, defense program development, and societal awareness. The study provides insights into the urgency of aligning government programs with the dynamic needs of the millennial era.
Originality/value: This research uniquely explores the implementation of national defense policy in Indonesia's millennial era, integrating theory, qualitative analysis, and critical variables. It enriches the discourse on state defense by addressing challenges and opportunities in the evolving global and technological landscape. A valuable resource, it benefits scholars, policymakers, and practitioners
Theme Park Loyalty Research: A Systematic Literature Review Using Histcite
Get PDFPurpose: This study explores developments and future in theme park loyalty research based on a systematic literature review using HistCite.
Design/methodology/approach: This study is based on 47 articles published from 2005 to 2023 that were retrieved from the Web of Science database. This study utilizes bibliometric analysis and network analysis to investigate the structure and connections of knowledge related to theme park loyalty.
Findings: The results demonstrate developments and future in theme park loyalty research. This is the first literature review in theme park loyalty research, and also the first systematic literature review by the use of HistCite.
Research & Practical implications: The study can provide theme park loyalty researchers with a reference guide to the focus of previous studies and directions for future research. Through this study, practitioners can also identify critical operational factors that may be incorporated with current theme park loyalty research.
Originality/value: As a summary of essential characteristics, this paper provides researchers with a useful reference guide to previous studies. This study presents a comprehensive overview of theme park loyalty research field and highlights the developments and hotspot within theme park loyalty research. Based on the results, the potential avenues for future investigation are provided
CONSUMER ADOPTION OF MOBILE PAYMENT IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Get PDFObjective: The rapid stride in mobile payment adoption has transformed the payment practices in the 21st Century. Admittedly, m-payment practice has become more intense due to the surge in usage of internet, mobile devices (smart phones), accelerated further by the spread of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Against such a backdrop, it is the need of the hour to investigate: Why are people starting to use mobile payments more and how will that affect their purchasing habits? The study's intention is to add to what's already been written on electronic banking and mobile banking specifically. The study provides a report on m-banking's development, assesses the potential for its adoption, and identifies potential avenues for expansion in Saudi Arabia. They aid Saudi Arabian banking decision-makers in locating and developing strategies for supplying m-banking services that will help them keep their competitive edge.
Methods: While electronically distributed surveys can reach more people more quickly and for less money, this method also has the potential to introduce bias into the sample by excluding people who don't have access to the internet. In addition, the data acquired from the respondents in many mobile payment and mobile banking studies can enhance selection bias. Researchers used both paper-print and online survey methods to disseminate survey instruments, reducing selection bias and increasing response rates. Other potential sources of common method bias (CMB) include the retrospective nature of the survey, the use of a commonly used scale format for constructs, and the fact that respondents were asked to provide information about both the independent and dependent variables in the same question. As a result, SEM has emerged as the gold standard in the field of theory testing, especially as it pertains to studies of IS/IT adoption. Statistical modelling with structural equation modelling (SEM) was chosen as the advanced inferential analytic technique for this study.
Aim: The present study also aims to identify the perceived risk, trust, self-efficacy, past experience, attitude, anxiety, and customer support associated with the mobile payment. Lastly, this study will be a path-breaking one because of its intended contribution to the policy-makers and to the society at large in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Needless to say, outcome of the study was providing managerial inputs to various mobile payment platforms.
Results: Consumers' intent to utilize mobile banking was strongly correlated with their level of trust and Application of Mobile Banking. In similar way Self-efficacy directly and positively related to the consumer intention towards mobile banking adoption. In the same ways, past experience directly and positively related to the consumer intention towards mobile banking adoption. In the same way, there is a positive and direct relationship between customer intention and the use of mobile banking. Lack of a causal relationship between attitude and consumer desire to use mobile banking. Perceived risk not directly and positively related to the consumer intention towards mobile banking adoption Anxiety not directly and positively related to the consumer intention towards mobile banking adoption.
Conclusion: This study intends to identify the various drivers of mobile payment adoption by examining how consumers' spending habits have changed in response to the popularity of mobile payment systems and the relationship between various payment mechanisms. The study's primary aim is to establish precisely the point when mobile payments will become the norm can replace debit and credit card transactions. Besides transaction activities, online payment channels are enhancing mobile payment adoption and lead to increase in the online transactions, local penetration further escalating increased transaction activities
Institutional Role of Independent Smallholders in Realizing Sustainable Palm Oil Plantation Governance
Get PDFPurpose: The palm oil sector plays an important role in the national economy. Growth in this sector can improve people's welfare and reduce poverty. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of independent smallholder institutions and their obstacles in realizing oil palm plantation governance following ISPO principles/criteria/indicators.
Theoritical Framework: This study focuses on the application of the theory of Esman and Uphoff in (Abriandi et al., 2019), mentioning several roles of farmer institutions, with indicators namely: Interorganizational Tasks, Resource Tasks, Services Tasks, and extra–organizational tasks. This study uses a mixed research method, which combines the process of a quantitative approach in data collection and a qualitative approach in analyzing descriptively.
Methods: This study focuses on the application of the theory of Esman and Uphoff in (Abriandi et al., 2019), mentioning several roles of farmer institutions, with indicators namely: Interorganizational Tasks, Resource Tasks, Services Tasks, and extra–organizational tasks. This study uses a mixed research method, which combines the process of a quantitative approach in data collection and a qualitative approach in analyzing descriptively.
Findings: Researchers finding the importance of building collaboration in strengthening ISPO regulations in the future, because Independent Smallholder Institutions play an important role in influencing the success or failure of the implementation of ISPO certification, in general, ISPO certification policies are still in demand by large companies while the majority ownership of oil palm plantations is owned by Independent Smallholders so need to encourage Independent Smallholders to play an active role in implementing ISPO certification.
Practical Implications: By uncovering the obstacles faced by independent smallholders and assessing the effectiveness of institutions in the ISPO certification process, the research provides actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders. The study's emphasis on developing responsive plans and strengthening the independent smallholder ecosystem adds a practical dimension to the broader discourse on sustainable palm oil development.
Originality/Value: This research stands out through its specific focus on independent smallholders, the nuanced examination of ISPO challenges at the grassroots level, the adoption of a comprehensive institutional concept, the significance of the chosen geographical context, the integration of multi-disciplinary insights, and the exploration of readiness and conventional practices. These elements collectively contribute to the novelty and originality of the study, offering a unique contribution to the existing body of knowledge on sustainable palm oil governance