Journal of Law and Sustainable Development
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ECONOMIC DRIVERS OF SUGAR PRODUCTION AND EXPORT PERFORMANCE: THE CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA WITHIN THE TRIPARTITE FREE TRADE AREA
Get PDFBackground: The economic performance of any sector is measured by the level of its competitiveness against its competitors. The South African sugar industry, as a member of the Tripartite Free Trade Area (TFTA), faces stiff competition and is therefore challenged to improve its production and export performance to survive and dominate in the market in the long term.
Aim: This study aimed to assess the competitiveness of the South African sugarcane industry by looking at the economic drivers of sugar production and export.
Methods: The study employed Michael Porter`s Diamond Model to assess the competitiveness of the South African sugarcane industry, using primary data collected from a total of 123 sugarcane farmers and 100 key stakeholders. A 7-point Likert scale was applied to indicate the degree to which each of the determining factors is perceived to affect the performance and resulting competitiveness of the sugar industry.
Results: The findings revealed that the major constraints experienced by respondents are the availability of skilled labour; cost of doing business; level of infrastructure development; cost of infrastructure; water availability; climatic conditions; rainfall patterns; availability of financial services; access to credit; crime; and HIV/AIDS. In terms of exports, tariffs were found to be the major constraint along with some of the aforementioned factors. Several factors that are experienced as having a positive effect on competitive success also emerged. These include product design; packaging; labelling and pricing; manager’s willingness to export; level of education and training; length of time in the business; experience; and language
Configuración de élite local en una pequeña isla de Indonesia
No full textPurpose: This article discusses the elite configuration of ethnic groups from a small island in North Maluku, Indonesia. This research aims to explore why Makian elites tend to be fragmented in politics, even though they are a tribe that has the same genealogy and comes from a small island in North Maluku.
Theoretical Framework: Makian is an ethnic group living on Makian Island; some migrated to various islands in North Maluku. Even though the Makian ethnic group is not the dominant population in North Maluku, the number of elites in the political and bureaucratic sectors in the region is dominant. However, in the political context, the positions of Governor of North Maluku and Mayor of Ternate in the last decade have consistently failed because the political elite tends to be fragmented. Elite theory is the leading theory to explain ethnic group fragmentation.
Method: This research uses a descriptive-qualitative method by observing various documents and in-depth interviews with informants.
Results: The findings show that the Makian elite has diverse identity backgrounds, such as geographical, professional, and cultural backgrounds. This article argues that the diversity of elite backgrounds, such as geographic, language, and village differences, is related to political fragmentation at the local level.
Conclusions: Even though the Makian elite group is an ethnic group in North Maluku, they have different characteristics or backgrounds, such as differences in geographical aspects covering the East and West regions, differences in language Tabayama and language Titinee', cultural differences between villages in the same geographical area, and differences in professional backgrounds. With various characteristics, the Makian elite tends to fragment in the election of the Governor of North Maluku and the Mayor of Ternate based on geographical aspects between those from East and West.RESUMO
Objetivo: Este artículo analiza la configuración de élite de los grupos étnicos de una pequeña isla en el norte de Maluku, Indonesia. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo explorar por qué las élites makianas tienden a estar fragmentadas en la política, a pesar de que son una tribu que tiene la misma genealogía y provienen de una pequeña isla en el norte de Maluku.
Marco teórico: Makian es un grupo étnico que vive en la isla Makian; algunos emigraron a varias islas del norte de Maluku. Aunque el grupo étnico Makian no es la población dominante en el norte de Maluku, el número de élites en los sectores políticos y burocráticos de la región es dominante. Sin embargo, en el contexto político, los cargos de gobernador de Molucas del Norte y alcalde de Ternate en la última década han fracasado sistemáticamente porque la élite política tiende a estar fragmentada. La teoría de la élite es la teoría principal para explicar la fragmentación de los grupos étnicos.
Método: Esta investigación utiliza un método descriptivo-cualitativo mediante la observación de diversos documentos y entrevistas en profundidad a informantes.
Resultados: Los hallazgos muestran que la élite Makian tiene diversos orígenes identitarios, como orígenes geográficos, profesionales y culturales. Este artículo sostiene que la diversidad de orígenes de las élites, como las diferencias geográficas, lingüísticas y de aldea, está relacionada con la fragmentación política a nivel local.
Conclusiones: Aunque el grupo de élite Makian es un grupo étnico en el norte de Maluku, tienen características o orígenes diferentes, como diferencias en los aspectos geográficos que cubren las regiones oriental y occidental, diferencias en el idioma Tabayama y el idioma Titinee', diferencias culturales entre aldeas en el mismo zona geográfica y diferencias en los antecedentes profesionales. Con características diversas, la elite Makian tiende a fragmentarse en la elección del gobernador de las Molucas del Norte y del alcalde de Ternate en función de aspectos geográficos entre los del Este y el Oeste
ETHNOMATHEMATICS IN CACI DANCE OF MANGGARAI COMMUNITY AND ITS INTEGRATION IN MATHEMATICS LEARNING
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of this research is to describe the history and philosophy of the Caci Dance and describe the ethnomathematics contained in the Caci dance and develop learning tools for some of the mathematical concepts found.
Theoretical reference: Ethnomathematics explores the relationship between mathematics and the diversity of human cultures, exploring the ways in which different groups of people use, understand and develop mathematical concepts in the context of their daily lives (Orey, 2011). It is important to understand that mathematics is not only an objective universal entity, but can also be influenced by the cultural context in which it develops (Bishop, 1988). Ethnomathematics seeks to overcome the traditional view of mathematics, which is often understood as a science that is neutral and separate from everyday life (François, 2010). One of the main aspects of ethnomathematics is the exploration of how different cultural groups develop systems of counting, number representation and mathematical problem solving in the context of their everyday lives (Rosa & Shirley, 2016). By understanding how to think about mathematics in a cultural context, ethnomathematics can provide deeper insights into the wealth of mathematical knowledge held by different communities (Stathopoulou et al., 2015). Teachers can use examples from students' culture to explain mathematical concepts, thus making learning more meaningful and relevant. This not only improves students' understanding of math but also helps them see the value and relevance of math in their daily lives (Polman et al., 2021). As technology and globalization evolve, ethnomathematics can also help in addressing the challenge of mathematical diversification (Orey, 2021). Many communities in the world have traditional mathematical systems that are rich in local knowledge and wisdom (Abas et al., 2022). Ethnomathematics provides a platform to document, value and preserve this knowledge from extinction. This approach is inspired by the belief that mathematics is not only universal, but can also be understood and taught through the lens of different cultures (Brandt & Chernoff, 2014). By incorporating cultural elements into mathematics learning, students can more easily relate mathematical concepts to their daily life experiences, thus making learning more meaningful and relevant (Acharya et al., 2021).
Method:This research is a qualitative study using an ethnographic approach with four research subjects. The research instruments were interviews, observations and documentation and the data were analyzed by ethnography model.
Results and Conclusion: The results of this study show that there are ethno mathematical activities in Caci Dance which include counting, localizing, designing, playing, and explaining activities. These activities are in accordance with mathematical concepts, namely addition, multiplication, number patterns, arithmetic sequence, geometry, mathematical logic, relations and functions. Thus, the concepts of school mathematics found in Caci Dance can be developed by designing appropriate learning tools to be applied in school learning.
Implications of research: Mathematical concepts can be explained with cultural concepts found around students. The explanation of learning concepts with this cultural approach is better known as ethnomathematics. This approach emphasizes student culture-based learning related to mathematics. This can help teachers and students in understanding a certain concept that is considered difficult. In addition, students can easily understand the material because they know the problems presented by the teacher are related to their surroundings. Ethnomathematics can be applied in schools through the preparation of teaching materials.
Originality/value: The novelty of this research is the formation of an ethnomathematics model of caci dance that can be integrated in mathematics learning in schools so that it can provide input for decision makers, in this case teachers and government or education observers to be more pro-active in implementing learning that is in accordance with the culture around students
LABOR LAW IMPLICATIONS ON MIGRANT WORKERS IN THAILAND AND CAMBODIA
Get PDFPurpose: Employment is the basic right of the citizens, migrants, refugees and all other kinds of residents throughout the globe. International laws, economic zonation, domestic regulations, ordinances and regional policies require timely reviewing and revising to provide fair opportunity to all. However, the scenarios take an adverse turn when disaster strikes. The government, legal system and department framework work in close collaboration to ensure sustainability of the citizens.
Theoretical Framework: Thailand has been struggling amid various disasters in the past while maintaining standards of employment through labor laws. However, the literature shows several gaps in the existing labor law which inversely impact upon the migrant workers in Thailand.
Methods: The methodology adopted for this study is qualitative methods with data collections tools including the secondary data through the online published resources. The research follows an exploratory approach towards the documentary research method to ensure the inferences among the collected data.
Findings: The results depict inadequacies in the existing labor law in Thailand, with reduced rights during the disasters. These adversely impact the implemented laws such as minimum wages, equal opportunities to work, supportive assistance from the governmental channels and professional growth and development of the individuals.
Practical Implications: Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) being the majority sector providing jobs for both domestic and foreign population requires them to be equipped with robust labor laws.
Originality/Value: The study further provides for growth and sustainable development of the ASEAN region as Thailand is the central hub providing job and growth opportunities for all the member nations
Mathematics Learning Model Based on Computational Thinking: Preparing elementary School Students to be Disciplined, Independent, and Dignified
Get PDFObjective: The research aims to evaluate the feasibility of a computational thinking-based mathematics learning model. Explore strategies for preparing disciplined, independent, and dignified students by applying the developed model in elementary schools.
Theoritical Framework: Computational Thinking (CT) is becoming a fundamental part of the way people think and understand the world. Mathematics offers fruitful opportunities for CT integration. Integrating mathematics with CT, allows students to acquire essential critical thinking and problem olving skills.
Method: The type of research in this article is qualitative evaluative. The research subjects were the principal, math teachers, and students of Klaten Elementary School in Central Java. Data collection methods were observation, interview, and documentation. Data validity with source and method triangulation. Data analysis techniques are flow model and constant comparison.
Results and Conclusions: The results of the research, the CT-based mathematics learning model is feasible based on the assessment of material, design, and language experts, and can improve learning activities and outcomes. Preparing students to be disciplined, independent, and dignified, based on strong religion, core character, lifestyle character, character respect for others. This means that CT-based mathematics learning is feasible to implement in elementary schools and can prepare students to be disciplined, independent, and dignified.
Significance: The research findings have a significant impact on primary schools. The impact is to improve the quality of character, learning process, thinking, and learning achievement. This means that the research results have a broad role in the development of primary school students
CASO DE ESTUDIO: RESOLUCIÓN DE CONFLICTOS LABORALES PARA TRABAJADORES EXTRANJEROS EN EMBAJADAS EXTRANJERAS: HACIA UNA SEGURIDAD JURÍDICA IDEAL
No full textBackground: The resolution of Industrial Relations Disputes (IRDP) involving Foreign Workers (FW) and Foreign Missions in Indonesia is particularly unique and warrants further examination. This is due to its involvement with complex international law, particularly concerning diplomatic immunity and state immunity, making achieving an ideal resolution for foreign workers and providing legal certainty challenging. The issue revolves around determining the ideal IRDP resolution to offer legal certainty to Foreign Workers employed in Foreign Missions.
Methods: This legal study analyzes relevant laws, concepts, and cases to identify an ideal resolution. Sources include international law, Indonesian national law, and foreign case studies.
Results: The ideal resolution of Industrial Relations Disputes (IRDP) between FW and Foreign Missions in Indonesia must consider various aspects to ensure legal certainty. In the context of UNCJIS ratification, the Indonesian Government needs careful consideration before deciding to enact this convention.
Conclusion: The Indonesian Government, not having enacted UNCJIS 2004 into its national law, would find it challenging to provide legal certainty to FW working in Foreign Missions in Indonesia, particularly those dismissed without being granted their normative rights. This is because executing legally binding court decisions becomes challenging. Therefore, the Indonesian Government could establish Bilateral Agreements between nations falling under its jurisdiction to ensure legal certainty for FW working in Foreign Missions in Indonesia.Histórico: La resolución de conflictos de relaciones laborales (IRDP) entre trabajadores extranjeros (TE) y misiones extranjeras en Indonesia es particularmente singular y merece un examen más profundo. Esto se debe a su involucración con el complejo derecho internacional, especialmente en lo que respecta a la inmunidad diplomática y la inmunidad estatal, lo que dificulta la consecución de una resolución ideal para los trabajadores extranjeros y la garantía de seguridad jurídica. La cuestión gira en torno a la determinación de la resolución ideal de IRDP para ofrecer seguridad jurídica a los trabajadores extranjeros empleados en misiones extranjeras.
Métodos: Este estudio jurídico analiza las leyes, conceptos y casos pertinentes para identificar una resolución ideal. Las fuentes incluyen el derecho internacional, el derecho nacional indonesio y estudios de casos extranjeros.
Resultados: La resolución ideal de los conflictos de relaciones laborales (IRDP) entre TE y misiones extranjeras en Indonesia debe tener en cuenta diversos aspectos para garantizar la seguridad jurídica. En el contexto de la ratificación de la UNCJIS, el Gobierno de Indonesia debe analizar cuidadosamente antes de decidir promulgar esta convención.
Conclusión: Al no haber promulgado la UNCJIS 2004 en su derecho nacional, el Gobierno de Indonesia se enfrentaría a la dificultad de garantizar la seguridad jurídica de los TE que trabajan en misiones extranjeras en Indonesia, especialmente aquellos despedidos sin que se les otorguen sus derechos normativos. Esto se debe a que la ejecución de las decisiones judiciales legalmente vinculantes se vuelve un desafío. Por lo tanto, el Gobierno de Indonesia podría establecer acuerdos bilaterales con las naciones bajo su jurisdicción para garantizar la seguridad jurídica de los TE que trabajan en misiones extranjeras en Indonesia
REFORMULATION OF REGIONAL HEAD ELECTION ADMINISTRATION DISPUTE POLICY BY THE GENERAL ELECTION SUPERVISORY BOARD AND THE STATE ADMINISTRATIVE COURT IN INDONESIA
Get PDFPurpose: The research objectives related to the reformulation of regional election administration dispute policies by Election Supervisory Agency and the State Administrative Court in Indonesia can include several things, one of which is to evaluate the effectiveness of existing policies: The purpose of this research can include evaluating existing policies related to dispute resolution administration of regional elections by Election Supervisory Agency and the state administrative court.
Method: The research method used in this research is a normative research method using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach
Results and Conclusion: The reformulation of regional election administration collection policies by the General Election Supervisory Agency) and the State Administrative Court in Indonesia highlights efforts to increase effectiveness and efficiency in resolutions related to the regional head election process.
Implications of research: By strengthening the regional election administration dispute resolution process, especially through independent institutions such as the General Election Supervisory Body and the State Administrative Court, this can increase the legitimacy and trust of the public in the democratic process at the local level
Parents’ Environmental Literacy: From Knowledge to Pro-Environmental Behavior
Get PDFBackground: Environmental problems are still unsolved, so it is necessary to strengthen parents’ environmental literacy because they play an active role in modeling behavior for their children, including pro-environmental behavior and awareness.
Purpose: this study investigated parents’ environmental literacy in pro-environmental behavior, including consumption-related behavior (C-RB) and nature protection behavior (NTB), based on environmental knowledge, environmental affect, and environmental self-efficacy (ES-e).
Methodology: The research data collection was done by using a questionnaire in Likert scale format. The study participants were 275 parents. They have early childhood, which determines by accidental sampling from eight provinces in Indonesia. Data analysis begins with descriptive and correlational analysis and continues with structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis to test hypotheses and research models.
Results: This study found that pro-environmental behavior is influenced by environmental knowledge by mediating environmental affect and ES-e. Its path is that environmental knowledge affects environmental affect and ES-e and then has implications for pro-environmental behavior.
Practical implications: The significant direct and indirect effects were confirmed, therefore a new model of the effect of environmental knowledge on pro-environmental behavior mediated by environmental affect and ES-e was found. This model can explain the dynamics parents’ environmental literacy: from environmental knowledge to pro-environmental behavior through the mediating mechanism of environmental affect and ES-e. Therefore, practitioners, academics, and researchers can discuss, adapt, or adopt these findings to develop pro-environmental in the future
‘WHY ARE WOMEN COMPARED TO CHICKEN CAGES?’: WOMEN’S IMAGE IN THE SHORT STORY “KETIKA SAATNYA”
No full textObjective: This research aims to reveal Bugis women's social and cultural aspects as subordinate individuals in literature, especially Darmawati Majid's short story “Ketika Saatnya”. The study is confronted with a conundrum regarding the portrayal of women from developing countries in Darmawati's Ketika Saatnya. The problem in this research is “how is the women portraying in the short story “Ketika Saatnya”?
Methods: This research uses qualitative research by categorizing it based on specific characteristics and components relevant to the research objectives, with the ultimate goal of obtaining research findings. This work utilizes Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak’s philosophy of the subaltern. The term “subaltern” denotes a subordinate social, political, and geographical population under the power of a dominant group. A subaltern refers to a group member whose voice is consistently represented and used as a tool for hegemonic activities. It implies the dominance of one group over another in terms of politics, the military, society, and even culture.
Conclusion: The research reveals that women, positioned as subalterns, are depicted as a marginalized group striving to express their opinions and gain recognition despite being categorized as “third-world women” trapped between traditional and modern values
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL COMPARISON ON NEGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND IMPULSIVE BUYING BEHAVIOR OF CUSTOMERS IN VIETNAM
No full textPurpose: This study consolidates core theories pertaining to social comparison, particularly upward comparison, impulsive buying behavior and notions associated with social characteristics such as envy, self-esteem, negative mood, depression and self-efficacy. At the same time, provide hypotheses and study models connected to the impact of social comparison on negative psychology and impulsive purchase behavior of customers in Vietnam.
Method: Furthermore, this subject employed qualitative research methods such as group discussions and in-depth interviews with experts to reach a consensus on the definition of components, as well as to refine and enhance the measuring scales used to assess these factors. Subsequently, establish a foundation for carrying out initial quantitative investigation in order to finalize the official questionnaire, and subsequently proceed with the official quantitative study. A representative survey was conducted with a sample size of 647 customers who utilize social networks and engage in online shopping on e-commerce platforms. The study was conducted in major cities in Vietnam, including Ho Chi Minh, Hanoi, Da Nang, Hue, Can Tho and Bien Hoa.
Result: Experimental research results have indicated that upward social comparison has a negative influence on self-esteem but a favorable impact on envy and negative mood. Simultaneously, increased self-esteem decreases depression and impulsive buying tendencies, whereas feelings of envy and negative mood have a beneficial effect.
Conclusion: Additionally, the research findings demonstrate the influence of self-efficacy as a moderator and dedepression as a mediator. These findings provide a foundation for the researcher to suggest managerial recommendations for organizations to enhance client purchasing behavior