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An extended COPRAS method based on complex q-rung orthopair fuzzy 2-tuple linguistic Maclaurin symmetric mean aggregation operators
No full textThe complex q-rung orthopair fuzzy 2-tuple linguistic set (Cq-ROFTLS), which merges the concepts of complex q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (Cq-ROFS) and 2-tuple linguistic terms, offers significant advantages in dealing with uncertain and imprecise information during decision-making by effectively representing two-dimensional information within a single set. Notably, the Cq-ROFTLS introduces phase terms that empower experts to express their perspectives flexibly, particularly enhancing its capacity to address periodic elements. To address uncertainty, this approach employs complex values to quantify both membership and non-membership degrees within 2-tuple linguistic environment. Additionally, this research introduces the generalized Maclaurin symmetric mean (MSM) aggregation operator, specifically designed for Cq-ROFTL information. This introduces the Cq-ROFTLMSM and its dual form, the Cq-ROFTL Dual MSM (Cq-ROFTLDMSM), each carrying valuable properties. In cases where the importance of input factors varies, the study proposes the Cq-ROFTL weighted MSM (Cq-ROFTLWMSM) and its dual form, the Cq-ROFTL weighted dual MSM (Cq-ROFTLWDMSM). These operators not only make their debut but also showcase their properties and applications. They flexibly adjust to the significance of inputs, leading to a more refined decision-making process. The methodology extends to address multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) within the Cq-ROFTL framework using the Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) method. The introduction of new aggregation techniques further enhances this approach. A practical illustration involving the selection of the optimal bio-energy production technology (BPT) highlights the real-world effectiveness of the methodology. Through thorough comparisons and a focused exploration of advantages, the study effectively validates the merits of this approach. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024
Analysis of strategic marketing in small and medium-sized enterprises: case of the bakery industry in Colombia
No full textSmall and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are in a competitive system. The objective of the research was to analyze strategic marketing in SMEs in the bakery industry in the city of Barranquilla, for which a hypothesis is presented on the positive relationship between consumer behavior in relation to marketing strategies. Due to this, a categorical regression model was performed to test the hypotheses. The results showed that the industry analysis is more relevant for those companies that adopt a mature market strategy. The analysis of consumer buying behavior and the analysis of market demand dynamics prevail in the new markets strategy. Although product differentiation to achieve positioning is an important driver for companies that use growth market strategies, it is concluded that the consumer buying behavior hypothesis is valid because the analysis allows implementing differentiation actions that are included in strategic control, which is a complex thought process developed by top management
Eficiencia Energética: Búsqueda de la Gestión inteligente de Energía
No full textDurante este espacio se llevó a cabo una enriquecedora conversación sobre Eficiencia Energética, enfocada en la Búsqueda de una Gestión Inteligente de la Energía. El ponente presentó de manera detallada tres casos de estudio, todos provenientes de empresas ubicadas en Barranquilla, lo que permitió analizar de manera concreta cómo se implementan las buenas prácticas de eficiencia energética en el entorno empresarial local. A lo largo de la exposición, se explicó de forma clara el proceso particular seguido por cada empresa para optimizar el uso de la energía, destacando las medidas aplicadas y los resultados obtenidos. Uno de los temas centrales de la discusión fue el impacto de la Energía Reactiva en las empresas. Se abordó en profundidad cómo este tipo de energía, cuando no se gestiona adecuadamente, puede aumentar significativamente los costos de facturación eléctrica mensual. A través de ejemplos prácticos, el ponente demostró cómo se pueden implementar soluciones efectivas para mitigar estos costos, mejorando así tanto la eficiencia como la sostenibilidad energética dentro de las organizaciones. Este espacio permitió a los asistentes no solo comprender mejor las implicaciones económicas de la energía reactiva, sino también explorar estrategias innovadoras para alcanzar una mayor eficiencia en el consumo energético, promoviendo una gestión inteligente que reduzca el impacto ambiental y los costos operativos
Adsorption of perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) on an ultrafine potato peel waste grafted β-cyclodextrin (UFPPW-β-CD)
No full textPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are widely used in various consumer products. However, these compounds can cause various harm to the environment and health. Considering the high chemical stability, these compounds are not completely removed from the aqueous environment, and consequently, recent studies have detected their presence in water bodies. In this scenario, biomass-based adsorbents are promising. β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was grafted in an ultrafine potato peel waste (UFPPW) to produce a novel, efficient, and sustainable adsorbent (UFPPW-β-CD) that was used to remove three different perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) from water. The efficient grafting was proved by several characterization techniques, which also demonstrated the main UFPPW-β-CD features. The UFPPW-β-CD was efficient for all PFSAs (perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS), and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS)), with removal percentage higher than 74 %. The increase in the Csingle bondF chain of PFSAs favored the adsorption due to the host–guest hydrophobic interactions between the Csingle bondF chains of the adsorbates and the hydrophobic cavity of the β-CD. Removal percentages and adsorption capacities at pH 3.0 were 74.6 % (49.92 µg g−1) to the PFBS, 82.6 % (65.66 µg g−1) to the PFPeS, and 90 % (100.89 µg g−1) to the PFHxS. The kinetic followed the General order model, while the equilibrium agreed with the Sips isotherm. The adsorption capacity increased with the increase in the Csingle bondF chain of the adsorbate, but the adsorption rate followed the opposite trend. PFSAs adsorption on the UFPPW-β-CD adsorbent was favorable and exothermic. UFPPW-β-CD could be used seven times, keeping its maximum adsorption capacity constant using ultrasound-assisted desorption. It can be concluded that UFPPW-β-CD is a sustainable adsorbent to uptake PFSAs from water, and this process is dependent on the size of the Csingle bondF chains
Adsorption of rare earth elements (Ce3+, La3+, and Nd3+) and recovery from phosphogypsum leachate using a novel ZSM-5 zeolite
No full textZSM-5 zeolite is a multifunctional material highly efficient for adsorbing ions. Our ZSM-5 was synthesized by employing a nucleating gel as a structure-directing agent, followed by homogenization and hydrothermal treatment. The as-prepared ZSM-5 was physicochemically characterized to assess its properties. Next, the as-prepared zeolite was employed as an adsorbent to remove rare earth elements, REEs from synthetic solutions and real phosphogypsum leachate under batch mode operation. As expected, the ZSM-5 adsorbent was discovered to be highly microporous with abundant surface functionalities, which could positively impact REE adsorption. The adsorption data indicated a high affinity between ZSM-5 and all three REEs with rapid kinetics and high adsorption capacities. The modeling study suggested that the adsorption kinetic data were well fitted by Avrami-fractional order, and Liu described the equilibrium data. The maximum adsorption capacity for Ce3+, La3+, and Nd3+ were 99.42 mg g−1, 96.43 mg g−1, 118.10 mg g−1, respectively. Further, the thermodynamic analysis revealed that the interaction between ZSM-5 and Ce3+, La3+, and Nd3+ was favorable, spontaneous, and endothermic. The efficiency of ZSM-5 adsorbent was also studied in recovering several REEs from leachate of phosphogypsum wastes, and the data results proved its potency to do so. The findings reported in this work support the idea that ZSM-5 can be successfully used as an adsorbent to recover REEs from synthetic and real samples
Advancements in dementia research, diagnostics, and care in Latin America: highlights from the 2023 Alzheimer's Association International conference satellite symposium in Mexico City
No full textWhile Latin America (LatAm) is facing an increasing burden of dementia due to the rapid aging of the population, it remains underrepresented in dementia research, diagnostics, and care.
In 2023, the Alzheimer's Association hosted its eighth satellite symposium in Mexico, highlighting emerging dementia research, priorities, and challenges within LatAm.Significant initiatives in the region, including intracountry support, showcased their efforts in fostering national and international collaborations; genetic studies unveiled the unique genetic admixture in LatAm; researchers conducting emerging clinical trials discussed ongoing culturally specific interventions; and the urgent need to harmonize practices and studies, improve diagnosis and care, and use affordable biomarkers in the region was highlighted. The myriad of topics discussed at the 2023 AAIC satellite symposium highlighted the growing research efforts in LatAm, providing valuable insights into dementia biology, genetics, epidemiology, treatment, and care
Analysis of fluid pressure drop through a globe valve using computational fluid dynamics and statistical techniques
No full textFluid mechanics plays a crucial role in everyday life, enabling the selection of accessories, materials, and various components essential for a system through which fluid flows. Pressure drop stands out as one of the most relevant factors in the design of fluid flow systems. However, analytical and experimental physical methods can increase these analyses' costs and time. Hence, in this study, statistical tools are employed to carry out specific experiments supported by numerical fluid simulation, aiming to comprehend the pressure drop behavior in a fluid as it passes through a globe valve. This valve, in turn, possesses distinct operating and manufacturing characteristics. The methods employed encompass a complete factorial system of response surface as support to construct the experimental design path through computational fluid dynamics. Among the key findings, it is demonstrated that, for systems with relatively low flow rates, the valve opening percentage does not exhibit a significant relationship with fluid pressure drop. Conversely, significant effects are observed for systems with relatively high flow rates regarding the valve opening percentage and pressure drop, reaching values of up to 73% pressure drop in this study. It can be inferred that the integration of statistical experimental design techniques and computational fluid dynamics constitutes a valuable resource for studying the pressure drop of a fluid passing through a system
Caracterización de la salud en personas privadas de la libertad en la penitenciaria el Bosque de la ciudad de Barranquilla
No full textEste estudio, de naturaleza cuantitativa y descriptiva, se centra en la caracterización de la salud en las personas recluidas en el centro penitenciario El Bosque de Barranquilla, con el objetivo de identificar las consecuencias psicosomáticas, los niveles de ansiedad y depresión, y la disfuncionalidad social resultante. Con una muestra de 129 participantes. En cuento a la metodología se aplicó el Cuestionario de Salud General de Goldberg, creado y Validado por Sir Martin Goldberg, 1972, comúnmente abreviado como GHQ. El estudio revela altos niveles de depresión, ansiedad y estrés entre los internos. Estos resultados resaltan la necesidad de programas de intervención psicológica para mejorar la calidad de vida de los reclusos. Finalmente, de estos resultados se desprenden recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones.This quantitative and descriptive study focuses on characterizing the health of individuals incarcerated in the El Bosque penitentiary center in Barranquilla, with the aim of identifying psychosomatic consequences, levels of anxiety and depression, and resulting social dysfunction. The study involved a sample of 129 participants. Regarding methodology, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), created and validated by Sir Martin Goldberg in 1972, was applied. The study reveals high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among inmates. These results highlight the need for psychological intervention programs to improve the quality of life of prisoners. Finally, recommendations for future research are derived from these results.Lista de tablas y figuras 12 -- Capítulo I Definición del problema 13 -- Planteamiento del Problema 13 -- Formulación del problema 15 -- Justificación 15 -- Objetivos 17 -- Objetivo general 17 -- Capítulo II Marco teórico 19 -- Antecedentes Internacionales 19 -- Antecedentes Nacionales 23 -- Teorías y Modelos Teóricos de caracterización de la salud 26 -- Teoría del Desarrollo Social (Glaser, 1964) 26 -- Modelo de Transformación Personal (Irwin, 1970) 27 -- Teoría del Estrés Carcelario (Irwin, 1980) 27 -- Modelo de Radicalización en Prisión (McCauley y Moskalenko,2011) 28 -- Marco Conceptual 28 -- Caracterización de la salud 28 -- Efectos de prisionalización y Salud 30 -- Clasificación de caracterización de la salud 29 -- Factores precipitantes de caracterización de la salud 31 -- Marco Legal 32 -- Derechos Humanos UN 32 -- Constitución política de Colombia 33 -- Ley 65 de 1993 - Código Penitenciario y Carcelario 33 -- Decretos reglamentarios en Colombia relacionados con la caracterización de la salud 34 -- Capítulo III Metodología 36 -- Paradigma de investigación 36 -- Enfoque de investigación 36 -- Diseño de investigación 36 -- Alcance 37 -- Instrumentos de recolección de datos 37 -- Salud General de Golberg 37 -- Capítulo IV Resultados 43 -- Capítulo VI Discusión 47 -- Capítulo VII Conclusión 47 -- Referencias 52
Anexos 60PsicologíaPregrad
Dataset of the effect of the number of injector holes on the heat transfer coefficient and the pressure in the combustion chamber of a hydrogen-diesel engine
No full textThere are several methods for simulating internal combustion engines. The computational fluid dynamics method is the best way to simulate these engines because it can simulate the combustion process, which is a microscopic process. In this study, the simulation of the combustion process in a closed cycle in a diesel engine with a mixture of diesel and hydrogen is done by AVL Fire software. In order to simulate the combustion in the Species and chemical transmission section, a chemkin mechanism is coupled with AVL Fire software. In this study, the effect of 10 % hydrogen fuel and 90 % diesel fuel as well as the effect of nozzle holes (1, 3 and 6 holes) on the engine performance were directly investigated. In order to validate the results of the pressure simulation and the temperature inside the cylinder in the diesel fuel combustion mode, at 2800 rpm and 100 % load, the data were compared with the experimental data. The research also included verification of the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) results with theoretical data obtained by Woschni and Hohenberg. To accurately simulate the combustion process, the simulation data was validated by comparing the pressure and temperature inside the cylinder at a specific operating condition with experimental data. The results indicate that the maximum heat transfer coefficient is achieved at the angle of maximum pressure, with the exhaust valve having the highest coefficient. The addition of hydrogen to diesel fuel results in a 1.72 % increase in the heat transfer coefficient due to increased collisions. In addition, the introduction of hydrogen fuel increases cylinder pressure and engine power, while increasing the number of fuel nozzle holes decreases the coefficient and pressure, which affects fuel penetration and evaporation rate
Diseño de una propuesta de valor para el fortalecimiento empresarial del Centro de Idiomas English Vision (Education for Life SAS) como aliado estratégico del sector BPO en la Región Caribe Colombiana
No full textThis innovation project applied the Design Thinking methodology to address the challenge of how a traditional English academy can penetrate the SME niche of the Colombian BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) sector with a B2B (Business to Business) service for preparing qualified
personnel in language proficiency and soft skills. A value proposition was developed through ideation and prototyping sessions. Finally, the critical hypothesis was tested, obtaining positive acceptance that validated the relevance and value of the proposal for BPO companies. The value
proposition designed indicated the possibility of enhancing its installed capacity to offer human capital specialized in customer service, technical assistance, and bilingual sales. These findings project an innovative solution with practical implications for the quality professional services
outsourcing industry.Este proyecto de innovación aplicó la metodología de Design Thinking para abordar el reto de cómo una academia de inglés tradicional puede penetrar en el nicho de PYMES del sector BPO (Business Process Outsourcing – Del inglés tercerización de servicios) colombiano con un servicio
B2B (Business to Bussiness – Del inglés desarrollo de negocios directos empresa a empresa) de preparación de personal calificado en proficiencia en idiomas y habilidades blandas. Se desarrolló una propuesta de valor mediante sesiones de ideación y prototipado. Finalmente, se testearon la
hipótesis crítica, obteniendo una aceptación positiva que validó la pertinencia y el valor de la propuesta para las empresas BPO. La propuesta de valor diseñada indico la posibilidad de potenciar su capacidad instalada de oferta de capital humano especializado en servicio al cliente, asistencia técnica y ventas bilingües. Estos hallazgos proyectan una solución innovadora con implicaciones prácticas para la industria de la tercerización de servicios profesionales de calidadContenido Lista de figuras 8 -- Contenido7 -- Introducción 9 -- Planteamiento del Problema 10 -- Antecedentes Internacionales 14 -- Antecedentes Nacionales. 16 --Antecedentes de la Empresa. 19 -- Fase de Empatía y Definición 29 -- Fase de Ideación 30 -- Fase de Prototipado y Testing 30 -- Ejeución del Proyecto 32 -- Fase 1. Empatía y Definición 32 -- Fase 2. Ideación. 36 -- Fase 4. Prototipado y Validación. 44 – Conclusiones 49 -- Recomendaciones 50 – Referencias 52Magíster en AdministraciónMaestrí