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Museo al aire libre arquitectura y patrimonio para ver con otros ojos en San Juan Nepomuceno, Colombia
No full textLa presente investigación permite abordar las complejidades en la apreciación y valoración del patrimonio cultural del municipio de San Juan Nepomuceno en el departamento de Bolívar, y a través de la metodología de museo al aire libre, ser un modelo flexible que se pueda implementar en otros asentamientos que merecen ser conocidos por su arquitectura, naturaleza o cultura. Además, incorpora el diseño tridimensional y la realidad virtual como estrategias tecnológicas originando un legado inmersivo, aportando a la memoria como dimensión temporal, el lugar como dimensión espacial y la comunidad como dimensión existencial, permitiendo que las poblaciones puedan adelantar acciones colectivas que preserven su idiosincrasia en el presente y para las nuevas generaciones, recuperando el dialogo y la interactividad con la historia y los procesos sociales, es una investigación que nace por la necesidad de salvaguardar lo simbólico, lejos de ser una intervención meramente física, proporcionando de esta forma una nueva identidad al territorio y la región de los Montes de MaríaThe present research allows addressing the complexities in the appreciation and valuation of the cultural heritage of the municipality of San Juan Nepomuceno in the department of Bolivar, and through the open-air museum methodology, to be a flexible model that can be implemented in other settlements that deserve to be known for their architecture, nature or culture. In addition, it incorporates three-dimensional design and virtual reality as technological strategies originating an immersive legacy, contributing to the memory as a temporal dimension, the place as a spatial dimension and the community as an existential dimension, allowing the populations to advance collective actions that preserve their idiosyncrasy in the present and for new generations, recovering the dialogue and interactivity with history and social processes, is a research that was born out of the need to safeguard the symbolic, far from being a merely physical intervention, thus providing a new identity to the territory and the region of Montes de María.
Keywords: museum, architectural heritage, cultural heritage, public space, tourism, historical memoryLista De Figuras 9 -- Capítulo 1: Preliminares 11 -- Planteamiento Del Problema 12 -- Justificación 13 -- Objetivos 16 -- Objetivo General 16 -- Objetivos Específicos 16 -- Hipótesis 17 -- Capítulo 2: Formulación Teórica 18 -- Marco Teórico 19 -- Accesos Y Confluencias 23 -- Nodos 24 -- Hitos 24 -- Antecedentes Históricos Y Consolidación Urbana-Arquitectónica 26 -- Estado Del Arte 34 -- Metodología 43 -- Fase Investigativa 43 -- Análisis Del Territorio Y Percepción Local 43 -- Fase interpretativa 44 -- Análisis De Resultados 44 -- Fase Proyectual 44 -- Diseño Específico 44 -- Capítulo 3: Turismo Inteligen 45 -- Resultados Turismo Inteligente 47 -- Capítulo 4: Story Maps 62 -- Resultados Del Story Maps 63 -- Promoción Del Turismo 63 -- Narrativa Visual 63 -- Orientación Y Navegación 64 -- Accesibilidad En Línea: 64 -- Capítulo 5: Podcast 69 -- Resultados Del Canal De Podcast Spotify 70 -- Capítulo 6: Libro De Arquitectura 75 -- Resultados Del Libro De Arquitectura 76 -- Fichas Técnicas 81 -- Capítulo 7: Espacio Público Interactivo 82 -- Resultados De La Señalización Arquitectónica 83 -- Capítulo 8: Conclusiones 95 -- Conclusiones 96 -- Referencias 99 -- Anexos: Sistema De Información De Patrimonio Y Artes (SIPA) – Inventario De Bienes Inmuebles 101-- Sistema De Información De Patrimonio Y Artes (Sipa) - Inventario Bienes Inmuebles 101 --Arquitecto(a)Pregrad
Legal risk in the management of forest cover in a river basin San Juan, Cuba
No full textThe protection of forest cover in Cuba is a state priority. It is part of the state plan to deal with climate change. The purpose of this paper is to assess the legal risks associated with the protection of forest cover, which is essential to ensure the sustainability of hydrological watershed management in Cuba. The qualitative method of social research was followed. Techniques of content analysis, semi-structured interviews, and legal exegetics were applied. Geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing techniques were also used to triangulate data and results. This article provided a robust analytical framework for generating innovative laws for land planning through a three-phase methodological design associated with configuring, interpreting, and applying tools for stopping deforestation processes based on watershed management. As a result, it was demonstrated that limitations reveal a deficient legal application with risk in the river basin, and a significant causal relationship between institutions and communities. Furthermore, the study indicated that although there are legal norms that regulate the protection of forest cover in the studied basin, its vulnerabilities generate uncertainty about the foreseeable results in management of forest cover. It is recommended that the Provincial Council of Hydrographic Basins include the design of legal risk indicators for forest cover management into the sub-plan for forest area increase. These recommendations constitute a set of related actions to improve the sustainability of the above-mentioned management
Gestión del conocimiento en las PYME del sector metalmecánico de la ciudad de Barranquilla
No full textLa gestión del conocimiento científico es uno de los principales inductores del éxito, sobre todo para las pequeñas y microempresas. El presente estudio se enfocó en analizar la gestión del conocimiento a partir de los procesos de identificación, adquisición y aprovechamiento del conocimiento en las Pyme del sector metalmecánico de la ciudad de Barranquilla, con el fin de contar con un panorama bien definido en cuanto a los retos que enfrentan y las oportunidades de mejora existentes. Con un enfoque cuantitativo, desde lo empírico-deductivo, en el desarrollo de la investigación se seleccionó una muestra probabilística de 78 Pymes metalmecánicas de la ciudad de Barranquilla, entre cuyos representantes se aplicó una encuesta con 23 ítems orientados a determinar los factores antes reseñados. Los resultados sugieren que estas entidades, si bien son capaces de identificar apropiadamente las fuentes de conocimiento, tienen problemas sustanciales para adquirirlo de manera objetiva y sistemática, lo que consecuentemente deriva en una deficiente o nula explotación del saber disponible. En ese orden de ideas, entendiendo el proceso como una cadena en la que cada eslabón sustenta la que le sucede, se concluye que los problemas en gestión del conocimiento de las Pymes metalmecánicas de la ciudad de Barranquilla tienen que ver con la ejecución de estrategias que permitan, principalmente, adquirir y sistematizar el conocimiento para ser sucesivamente aprovechado. Por lo tanto, se recomienda dar mayor atención a este proceso en particular, antes de enfocarse en otros aspectos.The management of scientific knowledge is one of the main inducers of success, especially for small and micro-enterprises. The present study focused on analyzing knowledge management from the processes of identification, acquisition and use of knowledge in SMEs in the metalmechanic sector of the city of Barranquilla, in order to have a well-defined panorama in terms of the challenges they face and existing opportunities for improvement. With a quantitative approach, from the empirical-deductive, in the development of the research a probabilistic sample of 78 metal-mechanic SMEs from the city of Barranquilla was selected, among whose representatives a survey was applied with 23 items aimed at determining the aforementioned factors. The results suggest that these entities, although they are capable of properly identifying the sources of knowledge, have substantial problems in acquiring it objectively and systematically, which consequently leads to a deficient or null exploitation of the available knowledge. In this order of ideas, understanding the process as a chain in which each link supports the one that follows it, it is concluded that the problems in knowledge management of metal-mechanic SMEs in the city of Barranquilla have to do with the execution of strategies that They allow, mainly, to acquire and systematize knowledge to be successively used. Therefore, it is recommended to give more attention to this particular process, before focusing on other aspects.Magíster en AdministraciónMaestrí
Reconstruyamos El Patilla del ayer propuesta de intervención psicosocial a partir de la evaluación de impacto realizada en el reasentamiento Patilla, en Barrancas, La guajira
No full textEl reasentamiento involuntario en el marco de proyectos mineros conlleva a una serie de procesos psicosociales a los que debe enfrentarse la comunidad; algunos de ellos positivos que permiten el avance de cierto sector de la población, pero mayoritariamente negativos cuando no se manejan adecuadamente como: desarraigo cultural, ruptura del tejido social, sentimientos de impotencia, desesperanza y aparición de flagelos sociales que probablemente antes no enfrentaban. El presente proyecto toma como referencia el reasentamiento de Patilla en Barrancas (La Guajira, Colombia), y está constituido por dos partes: una inicial donde se realiza mediante técnicas cualitativas una medición de impacto y una segunda parte donde se plantea una propuesta de intervención basada en el modelo de empoderamiento para el fortalecimiento psicosocial y transformación de Patilla, denominado: reconstruyamos el Patilla del ayer. Como resultado final de esta evaluación se encontró que existe un impacto psicosocial en la población reasentada a partir de los cambios que surgen con el proceso de adaptabilidad, que se evidencia en la perdida de la identidad comunitaria.Involuntary resettlement within the framework of mining projects leads to a series of psychosocial processes that the community must face; some of them positive that allow the advancement of a certain sector of the population, but mostly negative when they are not handled properly such as: cultural uprooting, rupture of the social fabric, feelings of helplessness, hopelessness and the appearance of social scurges that they probably did not face before. This project takes as reference the resettlement of Patilla in Barrancas (La Guajira, Colombia), and a second part where an intervention proposal is proposed based on the empowerment model for psychosocial strengthening and transformation of Patilla, called: let's rebuild the Patilla of yesterday. As a result of this evaluation, it was found that there is a psychosocial impact on the resettled population from the changes that arise with the adaptability process, which is evident in the loss of community identity.Resumen 2 -- Abstract 3 -- Introducción 6 -- Objetivos 9 -- Objetivo general 9 -- Objetivos específicos 9 -- Estado del arte 10 -- Antecedentes internacionales 10 -- Antecedentes nacionales 13 -- Antecedentes locales 14 -- Contextualización del programa 17 -- El caso de patilla la Guajira 17 -- Ubicación geográfica 17 -- Reseña histórica 18 -- Generalidades del Programa aplicado por la Empresa Cerrejón 21 -- Contexto de aplicación 23 -- Criterios de cumplimiento para ser reubicado 24 -- Beneficios que se otorgaron al aceptar el reasentamiento 25 -- Metodología utilizada para evaluación de impacto 26 -- Resultados de la evaluación de impacto 29 -- Conclusiones de la evaluación de impacto 37 -- Recomendaciones a los procesos de reasentamientos a partir de la evaluación de impacto Reconstruyamos el Patilla del ayer. Programa de intervención psicosocial para el fortalecimiento comunitario: una apuesta para la transformación del reasentamiento de Patilla 43 -- Sustento teórico para creación de programa de intervención 43 -- Empoderamiento o empowerment 44 -- Niveles del Empoderamiento 48 -- Empoderamiento psicológico 47 -- Diseño de programa de intervención social “reconstruyamos el Patilla del ayer” 51 -- Resultados esperados 63 -- Referencias 64Magíster en Intervención PsicosocialMaestrí
Comparación del modelo de teletrombólisis versus trombólisis presencial en el manejo del ataque cerebrovascular isquémico en Colombia
No full textIntroduction: The incidence of stroke continues to rise globally, as it remains an important cause in overall mortality and disability. Given the fact that several patients cannot access thrombolytic therapy due to neurologist unavailability or because of geographic barriers, Teleictus and Telestroke have become reasonable alternatives for providing treatment. Objective: The Teleictus network in Colombia was first implemented in 2018 in Boyacá; Our main goal was to compare the results of two models approaching patient care in stroke: Telestroke versus Face-to-face thrombolysis. Materials and Methods: This was an observational, analytic study using a retrospective cohort. Sociodemographic, clinical, protocol thrombolysis related and clinical evolution variables were considered into the study. Results 65 patients were allocated to the Face-to-face thrombolysis model and 35 were set into the Telestroke model. Median age was 69 and 67 years respectively; both groups had a higher proportion of women than men. Median symptom-onset-to-door time was 136 min in the Face-to-face thrombolysis and 81 min in the Telestroke model p = 0.0083. Median start NIHSS was eleven points for the former and twelve for the latter. At discharge, both groups had a median NIHSS score of 4. Conclusions: Thrombolytic therapy showed safety and efficacy. First and second level institutions are key in the setup of the Telestroke and Teleictus algorithms. More studies are needed to further evaluate this intervention.Introducción: el ataque cerebrovascular (ACV) ha aumentado su incidencia global en los últimos años, asociado constituye causa importante de mortalidad y una de las primeras causas de años perdidos por discapacidad. Por ende, es necesario contar con tratamientos que modifiquen el habitual desarrollo natural de la enfermedad. La trombólisis intravenosa con activador tisular del plasminógeno (tPA) es el principal tratamiento de reperfusión sistémica. Los pacientes no pueden acceder a esta terapia por falta de neurólogos y barreras geográficas, siendo el teleictus o telestroke una opción para que los pacientes no pierdan la ventana terapéutica. Objetivo: la primera red de teleictus en Colombia fue implementada en el año 2018 en Boyacá, nuestro objetivo fue comparar los resultados de dos modelos de atención del ACV: teleictus versus trombólisis presencial. Materiales y Métodos: estudio observacional analítico de cohorte retrospectiva, se tomó como cohorte no expuesta las historias clínicas de población adulta que se le realizó trombólisis presencial y la cohorte expuesta aquellas en las que se realizó mediante teleictus en el periodo comprendido entre junio de 2019 y abril 2021. Se tuvieron en cuenta variables sociodemográficas: edad, sexo; variables clínicas como NIHSS de ingreso, territorio del ACV; variables relacionadas con los protocolos de Trombólisis como tiempos inicio-puerta, puerta-TC, puerta- aguja; variables de evolución: NIHSS de egreso, complicación hemorrágica, presencia de fibrilación auricular, porcentaje de estenosis carotidea, fracción de eyección (%), días de estancia hospitalaria, mortalidad al egreso y a los 3 meses. Resultados: se identificaron 65 pacientes con ACV manejados con el modelo de trombólisis presencial y 35 con teleictus. La mediana de edad de los pacientes fue de 69 y 67 años en los grupos respectivamente; con mayor frecuencia del sexo femenino en ambos grupos. Se observó una mediana de tiempo inicio – puerta de 136 minutos (RIC): 81–180 en el grupo presencial y de 81 minutos (RIC): 44–51 en el grupo de teleictus, p = 0,0083. Los tiempos puertaTC y puerta-aguja mostraron respectivamente medianas de 4,6 y 49,50 respectivamente con una p > 0,05. La mediana del NIHSS de ingreso fue de 11 en el presencial y 12 en teleictus y la mediana del NIHSS de egreso fue de 4 en ambos grupos. Hubo hematoma parenquimatoso tipo 2 (PH2) a las 24 horas después de la aplicación de tPA en 6.1% de los pacientes en trombólisis presencial y 5,7% del teleictus, sin encontrarse diferencias significativas en los 2 grupos. No existieron diferencias significativas con respecto a la estancia hospitalaria, vivo al egreso y a los 90 días y en los fallecidos totales en los grupos comparados. El análisis de asociación ajustada mostró que el modelo de atención por telestroke tiene un OR de 3,49 (IC 95%: 1,45 – 8,42) para obtener un tiempo inicio puerta menor o igual a 81 minutos, comparado con el modelo presencial. Conclusiones: La terapia trombolítica es segura y eficaz demostrado por las medianas del NIHSS al egreso, la incidencia de PH2 y la mortalidad al egreso y a los 3 meses. Nuestros datos soportan que los pacientes que se encuentran distantes de un centro primario de atención del ACV pueden acceder a la terapia trombolítica acortando una brecha geográfica. Se reconoce la importancia de los hospitales de primer y segundo nivel de complejidad en el algoritmo telestroke o teleictus. Es necesario que esta experiencia se pueda replicar en diferentes instituciones del país ya que se necesitan más estudios prospectivos
Energy performance comparison of a chiller plant using the conventional staging and the co-design approach in the early design phase of hotel buildings
No full textAs part of the design process of a chiller plant, one of the final stages is the energy testing of the system in relation to future operating conditions. Recent studies have suggested establishing robust solutions, but a conservative approach still prevails at this stage. However, the results of some recent studies suggest the application of a new co-design (control–design) approach. The present research involves a comparative analysis between the use of conventional staging and the co-design approach in the design phase of a chiller plant. This paper analyzes the energy consumption estimations of six different chiller plant combinations for a Cuban hotel. For the conservative approach using on/off traditional staging, the results suggest that the best option would be the adoption of a chiller plant featuring a symmetrical configuration. However, the outcomes related to the co-design approach suggest that the best option would be an asymmetrical configuration. The energy savings results were equal to 24.8% and the resulting coefficient of performance (COP) was 59.7% greater than that of the symmetrical configuration. This research lays firm foundations for the correct choice and design of a suitable chiller plant configuration for a selected hotel, allowing for significant energy savings in the tourism sector
Adaptive protection for active distribution networks: an approach based on fuses and relays with multiple setting groups
No full textProtection schemes are essential in active distribution networks and microgrids’ reliable, efficient, and flexible operation. However, the protection of these networks presents significant challenges due to operational changes, such as variations in topology, distributed energy resources connection/disconnection, and microgrid operating modes, among others. This paper proposes an adaptive protection scheme based on overcurrent devices with several setting groups based on artificial intelligence algorithms. The developed strategy is composed of two stages. In the off-line stage, a clustering technique is employed to group the active distribution network operating scenarios exhibiting similarities. The optimal settings for the protection devices are determined for each set of scenarios. On the other hand, in the on-line stage, the protection strategy’s implementation and operation, considering the active distribution network’s existing communication system, are defined. Furthermore, the approach formulates the overcurrent relay coordination as a mixed-integer non-linear optimization problem, and as a result, the optimal setting of the overcurrent protection devices is obtained. It aims to minimize the operating time, considering the transformers’ thermal limits, fuse operating curves, and overcurrent relay settings. The solution is determined by using an Augmented Lagrangian genetic algorithm. The presented protection scheme is validated on the modified IEEE 34 node test feeder, considering the main operating scenarios of the active distribution networks, such as topology changes, distributed energy resource connection/disconnection, and microgrid operating modes (on-grid and off-grid). The results obtained and its easy implementation indicates the high potential for real-life applications
Furan as impurity in green ethylene and its effects on the productivity of random ethylene–propylene copolymer synthesis and its thermal and mechanical properties
No full textThe presence of impurities such as H2S, thiols, ketones, and permanent gases in propylene of fossil origin and their use in the polypropylene production process affect the efficiency of the synthesis and the mechanical properties of the polymer and generate millions of losses worldwide. This creates an urgent need to know the families of inhibitors and their concentration levels. This article uses ethylene green to synthesize an ethylene–propylene copolymer. It describes the impact of trace impurities of furan in ethylene green and how this furan influences the loss of properties such as thermal and mechanical properties of the random copolymer. For the development of the investigation, 12 runs were carried out, each in triplicate. The results show an evident influence of furan on the productivity of the Ziegler–Natta catalyst (ZN); productivity losses of 10, 20, and 41% were obtained for the copolymers synthesized with ethylene rich in 6, 12, and 25 ppm of furan, respectively. PP0 (without furan) did not present losses. Likewise, as the concentration of furan increased, it was observed that the melt flow index (MFI), thermal (TGA), and mechanical properties (tensile, bending, and impact) decreased significantly. Therefore, it can be affirmed that furan should be a substance to be controlled in the purification processes of green ethylene
Exploring mathematical connections in the context of proof and mathematical argumentation: a new proposal of networking of theories
No full textExtended theory of mathematical connections (ETC) and theory of mathematical argumentation (TMA) based on Toulmin’s (1984) model were articulated for the study of mathematical connections activated in the argumentation process. For this purpose, a “networking of theories” was made to obtain the complementarities between both theories. Then, a class episode was selected that dealt with the demonstration of the continuity theorem of functions of real variable “if a function is derivable at a point then it is continuous at that point”, made by an in-service mathematics teacher of differential calculus, who participated in a non-participant observation, where his classes were videotaped. The arguments of this episode were analyzed through with Toulmin’s (1984) model, after with thematic analysis method to identify mathematical connections, and, finally, the connections in the proof and mathematical argumentation were analyzed. The main result of the research reveals that the mathematical connections play a fundamental role in the argumentation process of the episode, given that, connection is important for the establishment and identification the argument and the warrant that supports it. In addition, complementarities were found between both theories, which makes this networking a useful tool for a better analysis of mathematical argumentation processes
A new file format for binarized images
No full textIn this paper we present a new lossless file format specialized in binarized images. The proposed algorithm creates files smaller in average than standard lossless formats. We propose a modification to the algorithm which allows it to be used in every type of images, not only the binarized ones. We compare the file sizes with the PNG format. In order to encourage the use and compatibility with the most common image libraries, we provided the implementation details and the idea behind the algorithm