Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung / Journal of East Central European Studies (ZfO)
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Osteuropäisch – jüdisch – sozialistisch: Untersuchung einer vergessenen Berliner Exilgruppe der Weimarer Republik
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Unions and Divisions. New Forms of Rule in Medieval and Renaissance Europe. Hrsg. von Paul Srodecki, Norbert Kersken und Rimvydas Petrauskas
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Oliver Kossack: Pariahs or Partners? Patterns of Government Formation with Radical Right Parties in Central and Eastern Europe, 1990–2020
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Splintered Subjegation: Chess in the General Government in Poland 1939–1945: Die ursprünglich publizierte Fassung dieses Aufsatzes wurde aufgrund von Hinweisen eines darin zitierten Autors auf Verstöße gegen die gute wissenschaftliche Praxis untersucht. Die ZfO-Redaktion hat daraufhin in Absprache mit den Beteiligten eine Ergänzung der betreffenden bibliografischen Angaben erwirkt. Die neue Aufsatzversion ist auf www.zfo-online.de anstelle der ursprünglichen seit dem 22.02.2024 verfügbar.
No full textIn a context of internecine conflicts, mass murder and exploitation within the Nazi-occupied General Government in Poland, the idea of chess as a popular non-political pastime became untenable. The motto of the World Chess Federation FIDE, gens una sumus, was nullified in the social hierarchy between the German perpetrators of terror and their victims among indigenous communities. In the “gray areas” of everyday culture any shared interest in the game was suppressed by rigid boundaries. Supported by the chess enthusiasm of the Governor General Hans Frank, top players from Germany were attracted to participate in a series of chess tournaments with world class professionals like the World Champion Alexander Alekhine and his rival Efim Bogoljubow. Both were officially employed by the Propaganda Department and, like their fellow-travelling elite competitors, they benefitted from the privileges of a dominant small minority. In the chief cities Kraków and Warsaw and other district capitals chess clubs were organized for the military and civilian German residents. Other communities, except Ukrainians, were excluded, but Polish players found avenues for playing the game, be it on the level of privacy or even in contact with German players. While they were barred from any organized sports, they persisted in playing the game in cafés and clandestine meetings. The inhabitants of the Jewish ghettoes were, on a few occasions, permitted to organize chess matches. The regional minorities of Ukrainians were, in hopes of enhancing their collaboration with the Nazis, encouraged to organize their sports and games, particularly in Galicia. The propaganda press of the Kraków administration provided chess columns in Slavonic languages. Personal contacts in chess matters could never be completely suppressed. Altogether, the complexities of the situationIn a context of internecine conflicts, mass murder and exploitation within the Nazi-occupied General Government in Poland, the idea of chess as a popular non-political pastime became untenable. The motto of the World Chess Federation FIDE, gens una sumus, was nullified in the social hierarchy between the German perpetrators of terror and their victims among indigenous communities. In the “gray areas” of everyday culture any shared interest in the game was suppressed by rigid boundaries. Supported by the chess enthusiasm of the Governor General Hans Frank, top players from Germany were attracted to participate in a series of chess tournaments with world class professionals like the World Champion Alexander Alekhine and his rival Efim Bogoljubow. Both were officially employed by the Propaganda Department and, like their fellow-travelling elite competitors, they benefitted from the privileges of a dominant small minority. In the chief cities Kraków and Warsaw and other district capitals chess clubs were organized for the military and civilian German residents. Other communities, except Ukrainians, were excluded, but Polish players found avenues for playing the game, be it on the level of privacy or even in contact with German players. While they were barred from any organized sports, they persisted in playing the game in cafés and clandestine meetings. The inhabitants of the Jewish ghettoes were, on a few occasions, permitted to organize chess matches. The regional minorities of Ukrainians were, in hopes of enhancing their collaboration with the Nazis, encouraged to organize their sports and games, particularly in Galicia. The propaganda press of the Kraków administration provided chess columns in Slavonic languages. Personal contacts in chess matters could never be completely suppressed. Altogether, the complexities of the situatio
Die „Waldmenschen“. Eine emotionale Gemeinschaft im deutsch besetzten Polen 1939–1945
No full textHistorians are increasingly turning their attention to the role that emotions have played in history. It is curious that World War II, with its omnipresent history of violence, has hardly ever been studied from this point of view. This essay aims to help remedy this research desideratum and uses Barbara Rosenwein’s concept of emotional communities to work out the correlation between individuals’ and collective emotions and community building. I exclusively used contemporary diaries as a source, which, as snapshots, provide a good insight into the emotional state of the writers. The analysis of the concepts and manifestations of feelings in the language and in the imagination of the respective writers makes it possible to identify the emotional community of the “forest people.” These were partisans in rural Poland who, in their diaries, express hatred and patriotism in a similar way and use them to legitimize their acts of sabotage and resistance against the German occupiers
