Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung / Journal of East Central European Studies (ZfO)
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Shaping Scholarly Recognition in Early Nineteenth- Century Poland: The Case of the Society of the Friends of Sciences (1800–1832)
No full textThis article addresses the challenges faced by nineteenth-century scholars and scientists, particularly in partitioned Poland, as they navigated the loss of traditional political representation. In a context where political authority was eroded, intellectuals sought new ways to assert their visibility and influence within the public sphere. Focusing on the Warsaw Society of the Friends of Sciences, the study examines how its members positioned themselves as alternative representatives of the Polish public through strategic self-presentation and developing a new discourse on scholarly fame. By promoting a new image of the scholar as both intellectually engaged and socially active, the Society aimed to elevate its public profile and offer Poles a new form of cultural representation amidst political disenfranchisement.This article addresses the challenges faced by nineteenth-century scholars and scientists, particularly in partitioned Poland, as they navigated the loss of traditional political representation. In a context where political authority was eroded, intellectuals sought new ways to assert their visibility and influence within the public sphere. Focusing on the Warsaw Society of the Friends of Sciences, the study examines how its members positioned themselves as alternative representatives of the Polish public through strategic self-presentation and developing a new discourse on scholarly fame. By promoting a new image of the scholar as both intellectually engaged and socially active, the Society aimed to elevate its public profile and offer Poles a new form of cultural representation amidst political disenfranchisement
Wilsons Moment? Wilsons Deutungen von Demokratie und Nation, ihre nationalen Rezeptionen und die Bedeutung für die Grenzkonflikte in Oberschlesien, dem Teschener Schlesien und der Orava
No full textWhile the discussion in historical scholarship to date has focused undoubtedly on Wilson’simportance to the postulate of national self-determination, this paper shifts the focus andshows that the linchpin of Wilson’s thinking was democracy. First, in this article the devel-opment of Wilson’s positioning on democracy and national self-determination is unfoldedin detail. Then, the discussion of the concepts of leading nation-state actors in Germany,Poland, and Czechoslovakia is summarized. In particular, it becomes clear that the debateabout democracy and nationhood in these states was by no means first triggered by Wilsonand his slogans. The following section examines the impact of Wilson’s postulates on thecontention over disputed border territories. Specifically, it deals with an area of neighboringregions—Upper Silesia, Teschen Silesia, and the Orava River—that found themselves in atri-border area between Germany, Poland, and Czechoslovakia during the transition periodafter World War I. The following section examines the impact of Wilson’s postulates oncontested border areas. With regard to these regions, his ideas were by no means withouteffect. Along the lines of the core idea that peoples should be able to decide for themselveswho governs them, and thus should also decide for themselves on their state affiliation, ref-erendums were scheduled in the three regions.
Das mittelalterliche Livland und sein historisches Erbe. / Medieval Livonia and Its Historical Legacy.
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Did Secularization among Peasants in the Kingdom of Poland Accelerate in the Period 1906–1912? Peasants, Anticlericalism, and Religious Discourse under the Late Russian Imperial Regime
No full textThe Kingdom of Poland and its Catholic Church were in trouble in the last years of Russian imperial rule. Three of the Church’s major problems, the Mariavites, the anticlerical weekly Zaranie, and the Macoch affair in the Jasna Góra sanctuary, are objects of deliberation in this article. These calamities accelerated a widescale process of secularization in the rural peasant population of Russian Poland. Questions are posed regarding the role of Russian imperial rule in the Kingdom in launching this secularization process. Other factors, such as rising levels of literacy and reading habits, could also have played a role. The text concentrates on the peasantry as the largest social group in the Kingdom, referencing ego documents (letters and memoirs) written by members of this social stratum as primary sources.The Kingdom of Poland and its Catholic Church were in trouble in the last years of Russian imperial rule. Three of the Church’s major problems, the Mariavites, the anticlerical weekly Zaranie, and the Macoch affair in the Jasna Góra sanctuary, are objects of deliberation in this article. These calamities accelerated a widescale process of secularization in the rural peasant population of Russian Poland. Questions are posed regarding the role of Russian imperial rule in the Kingdom in launching this secularization process. Other factors, such as rising levels of literacy and reading habits, could also have played a role. The text concentrates on the peasantry as the largest social group in the Kingdom, referencing ego documents (letters and memoirs) written by members of this social stratum as primary sources