PUP Research Journals (Polytechnic University of the Philippines)
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Preliminary Assessment Of Water Quality Of Donata Falls In Polillo, Quezon, Philippines Using Macrobenthos
Get PDFThe macrobenthos distribution and productivity are directly influenced by physico-chemical parameters of freshwater systems which make them a good bioindicator. This study presented a preliminary assessment of Donata Falls to provide baseline information regarding its aquatic health status. No significant differences were observed among parameters measured, which include dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH and temperature. Based on the mean values of total nitrogen (14.09 ppm) and phosphorus (0.11 ppm), falls can be classified as oligotrophic. Macrobenthos were collected using bucket method. The macrobenthos community represents 1 species under Class Gastropoda, 2 species under Order Coleoptera, 3 species under Order Odonata and 1 species under Order Oligochaeta, Ephemeroptera and Tricoptera. Nerita sp. under Class Gastropoda obtained the highest abundance (37.03%) followed by Family Coenagrionidae under Order Odonata with 24.07% abundance. Abundance of these organisms would suggest that the falls has a good water condition. Family biotic index (FBI), biological monitoring working party (BMWP) and average score per taxon (ASPT) were also calculated. The average FBI value was 1.50 suggesting that there is no apparent organic pollution in the area. Moreover, BMWP score (65.6) and ASPT score (6.56) indicate that the falls has moderate to clean water condition.
Rhetorics of Ecocriticality: The Ecocomposition of the Selected Poems of Francis C. Macansantos
No full textBased on Hubert Zapf’s theory of the “Ecological Force” of Literature and Timothy Morton’s theory of “Ambient Poetics”, this study attempts to flesh out tropes of ecocriticism in the selected poems of Francis C. Macansantos from his collection Snail Fever: Poems of Two Decades (2016). From these theories, Macansantos’ selected poems are revealed to deploy the rhetorics of ecocriticality linking literature to a greater web of discourses concerning nature and the environment. In particular, discourses which are grounded in the interactions of the spheres of culture and nature become, in literary studies, the springboard for fleshing out ecocritical ranges and forces. This is further shown by expanding and thematically analyzing Dobrin and Weisser’s concept of ecocomposition or “literature’s constitutive existence.” Capitalizing on ecocomposition the supported by ecomimesis, the study posits that ecocomposition and ecological rhetoric of Macansantos’ selected poems take their cue from his ecocritical-creative stance from which place, situatedness, ambience, nature, and environment become discursive ecocritical categories. The analysis of the selected poems with strong ecological bent reveals a remarkable variety of ecocritical themes: the polarity transpiring between the anthropocentric and ecocentric domains of ecology, the precepts of shallow ecology that support the continuity of the anthropocene’s life through the resources of nature and the environment, the decentering of the anthropocene through the notion of deep ecology, the rhetorics of environmental debasement, and thoughts on sustainability as reflected in literature.
The Years of Permanent Midnight: The Liberalist Construction of the Philippine Nation in Cinema Under the US-Aquino Administration
Get PDFThis study seeks to define the role of cinema in the formation/construction of the nation amidst the acceleration of global capital and the heightened need for outsourced and remotely-managed workers (both were manifested to the fruition of the BPO industry) in the earlier part of 2010s – both of which are supported by the intensification of the liberal economics and politics of the then administration of Benigno Aquino, III. Cinema is not referred in this study as a general aspect of nation- formation/construction, but rather a node from a wide network of apparatuses deployed to support and maintain the nation and subjects that were continually produced/reproduced. Jonathan Beller referred to this network of apparatuses as the World-Media System which, for him, is also a “dominant network of abstractions that would organize all social processes in the service of capital.” The study aims to arrive atthe kind of nation formed/constructed by these setting through the subjects produced by the World-Media System. The nation, as Kojin Karatani would stress coming from Benedict Anderson, is imagined through a certain mode of exchange. Karatani, however, would like to think of another kind of exchange than commodity-exchange. This study would depart from that notion considering the differences of historical developments between the global north andsouth: between the historical developments of former colonizers and former colonies. It is concluded in this study that the kind of subjects produced / reproduced by the World-Media System in the Philippines in 2010-2016 reflects much of the liberalist economics and politics of the then administration. These subjects produced, which I would later identify as the modern cynic, constitute a wider aspect of the definition of the nation
Confronting the Nihilism of Our Day with Thomas Nagel’s Ethical Objectivity
Get PDFThere are few scholars today who are challenging the notion "nothing is objectively right or wrong because nothing objectively matters," one such scholar is Thomas Nagel; we will pursue in this essay a keener understanding of the possibilities of ethical objectivity in the face of the popularity of the position mentioned above (often understood as "nihilism"). We will attempt to articulate Nagel\u27s alternative, a "view from nowhere," as a way out of the rather relativistic and reductionistic tendencies of moral philosophies today
Mycelial Growth and Fructification of Auricularia polytricha on Different Substrates
Get PDFAuricularia polytricha is a wood-rotting mushroom known for being one of the edible mushrooms, and recognized for its nutraceutical and pharmaceutical properties. To domesticate this species, the most favorable conditions for its mycelial growth and yield was evaluated in various culture media, grain spawn and fruiting substrates. The results revealed that A. polytricha cultured in coconut water gelatin (CWG) had the fastest mycelial ramification (6.33 days), and the thickest and highest mycelial growth at 13.17 mm/day. For spawn grain production, sweet sorghum produced the fastest mycelial run among grains at 5.0 days, had the highest mycelial growth at 16 mm/day, and had the thickest mycelia. For fruiting bodies production, the combination of good lumber sawdust, rice bran and lime (GLS:RB:L) had the fastest mycelial run at 30.33 days, highest mycelial growth (10.0 mm/day), yield (254.0 g) and biological efficiency (30.79%)
Flooding Incidence at Aklan River as Affected by Rainfall
Get PDFThe Philippines is among the most vulnerable countries in terms of disaster and climate change scenario. Based on previous studies, the provinces in the Philippines are classified according to their vulnerability to temperature change, rainfall change, typhoons, El Niño and flooding incidence. The province of Aklan is included as one of the provinces with high risk related to rainfall change. A 24-hour rainfall of 206.4 mm in December 2005, 246.80 mm in December 2010, and 202.80 mm in November 2011, resulted to flooding in the municipality of Kalibo and a 305.30 mm rain in June 2008 had caused severe damage to the low-lying areas of the region. But rainfall of only 124.6 mm in December 2012 had inundated some areas of the province. This was due to the incidence of high tide which prevented the river from emptying into the sea. Based on the result of this study, recurring typhoons and increased precipitation were experienced in the province of Aklan specifically during the Northeast Monsoon or Amihan (November and December). There is a weak positive correlation between rainfall and height of water at the Aklan River as indicated by r2 value of 0.011. This result suggests that changes in the independent variable (rainfall) are not associated with changes in the dependent variable (height of water). More rain and cooler temperature were noted in summer (March 2012) while least relative humidity, higher temperature, and least rainfall were recorded in August (Habagat season), and temperature ranged from 24.3 to 31.9 0C. More rainfall was observed in Madalag (295.8 mm), followed by Banga (263.0 mm) and Kalibo (243.0 mm) for 2012-2013. Based on a ten-year rainfall data, abundant rain was observed in June, September to December and started to decline from January to May and August. Aklan has a mean annual rainfall of 3,325.6 mm while mean temperature is 30.90C. Dry Spell condition occurred in 2014 since from January to June, rainfall was almost below to way below normal rainfall condition, based on the criteria set by PAGASA.
Reclaiming “People Power”: Prospects for Renewed Civil Society Engagement and Democratic Governance
Get PDFWith mounting challenges to democratization and the threat of regression, one asks how do we best reclaimspaces for engagement and public participation. The paper turns to civil society and revisits the case of the Philippines. It takes a closer look at their contributions, experiences, and insights as to challenges faced by the country relative to democratic nation-building. Towards this end, the paper discusses prospects for renewed engagement towards inclusive and democratic governance
A Change of Face:Using Graffiti to Re-Imagine Spaces
Get PDFIn much of the literature graffiti is connected to notions of defacing, devaluing, vandalising, participating in anillegal activity or exhibiting ‘anti-social behaviour.’The aim of this paper is to show the change of perceptionstoward graffiti as less of an act of vandalism or a criminal activity and more of a solution to many social and political concerns. The paper offers a way to re- frame graffiti as the solution rather then the problem based on a study of graffiti crews in Sofia, Bulgaria. The paper presents three cases of these crews, each attempting to address different social and political issues within the capital of Bulgaria.This paper is hoping to highlight how graffiti can be used as a tool to help reduce crime, showcase a critical subcultural communication that is inclusive of the community at large, and depict the aesthetic value that can be added to a place in order to re-design the space and people’s attitude and behaviour. More importantly, the paper serves to show how graffiti can enable introspection and bring out not only the ‘soul’ from the wall, but also our own
Geographic Information System-Assisted Approach in Soil Erosion Hotspot Assessment of Banga Microcatchment
Get PDFThe study aimed to characterize the biophysical environment of the microcatchment, predict soil loss (t/ha/yr.), quantify soil loss for six months, estimate carbon and primary nutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K) loss of major land uses using Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) modified through Manifold System Version 8.0 and recommend doable mitigating measures. The Sibalew-Torralba Microcatchment (431.87 ha) is located in Banga, Aklan (122°19\u27845" and 122°19\u27449" East Longitude, 11°32"329" and 11°32\u27586" North Latitude). The two soil types were Sigcay and San Manuel clay loam with compacted surface value of 1.33-147g/cm, a pH of 4.7-6.1; with low N, P, K but medium in soil organic matter (SOM). The microcatchment belonged to Type III climate with mean annual rainfall of 2,183.47 mm. The topography is flat to undulating, rolling, and steep slopes. There are seven major land uses namely agricultural land, mixed vegetation, orchard/agroforestry, coconut-based, grassland, built-up, and water tributaries. Results revealed that the average soil loss at different land utilization types (LUT) was 159.51-1205.32 t/ha/yr. The average actual soil loss range from 19.98-1074.06 kg/ha for six months. Soil erosion hotspots (high-very high soil loss category) was predicted in four LUTs: agricultural land (upland rice, 206.29-618.73 t/ha/yr.; mix vegetation (natural vegetation, fruit trees associated with banana, and corn-vegetables, 75.15, 87.04 and 913.78 t/ha/yr., respectively); coconut-based (coconut-based perennial and mahogany, with underneath of upland rice, 96.37 and 154.77 t/ha/yr.), and built-up (institutional and roads going to provincial roads, 41.69 and 70.42-332.09 t/ha/yr.). Further, carbon loss range from 2.60 to 137.26 kg/ha/6 months; available N loss range from 3.65-172.27 kg/ha/6 months; available P loss range from 74.13-9297.25 kg/ha/mo. while exchangeable K loss range from 8.42-452.39 kg/ha/yr. Thus, application of best crop and soil conservation management practices (natural farming/organic farming and multi-story fruit based agroforestry) is recommended to mitigate soil erosion
Data Security of Encrypted Data Using Hash-Based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) and T9-Based Data Conversion
Get PDFThe researcher has recently been working on the authenticity of information particularly with the use of cryptographic hash functions such as MD5 and Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA). After critically analyzing the Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) algorithm, the researcher finds out that it can still be improved and strengthened by adding the T9 conversion, which also adds more complexity and security to the system. T9 keypad-based conversion is used in converting the data and this pre-converted data would then pass through the process of encryption using HMAC encryption algorithm. This work focuses on following the cryptosystem design, and includes the study of the activity process and procedures, as well as the method of the proposed system. Cryptography key, plaintext, message security, cipher, message authentication code, and hash function are the major activities that go with the cryptosystems. The study uses the incremental model approach to generate and illustrate the system functions and architecture of this project. The resulting system is a new algorithm developed using hypertext preprocessor (PHP) in a form of Library PHP file by the researcher for securing the integrity and authenticity of the data. It provides high security of text data with the use of authentication process integrated with the new researcher-developed T9 encryption decryption process.