Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Viña del Mar
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2098 research outputs found
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Discurso autocentrado en cuatro clases universitarias: estudio sustentado en los turnos de habla
No full textEl estudio se enfoca en el análisis de los turnos de habla dentro del proceso comunicativo de clases universitarias. Se observaron cuatro discursos pedagógicos durante cincuenta minutos, se grabaron en audio y se categorizaron los turnos de habla. Posteriormente se interpretó la información desde una mirada reflexiva, atendiendo a los postulados del Análisis del Discurso (AD). Los resultados derivados del análisis del corpus mantienen un patrón interactivo sin alteraciones significativas: el docente explica y pregunta, el estudiante escucha y responde. Las conclusiones proporcionan aseveraciones de la autora en cuanto a las características del discurso autocentrado y la necesidad de transformar los entornos académicos, a través de discursos pedagógicos universitarios interactivos, reflexivos y abiertos
Estudiante de Nutrición y Dietética participó en jornada de investigación interuniversitaria
No full textLa estudiante de la carrera de Nutrición y Dietética perteneciente a la Escuela Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Viña del Mar (UVM), Daniela Dietert (en la imagen), participó en la segunda Jornada de Investigación Interuniversitaria de Nutrición organizada por la Universidad de Las Américas, la cual tuvo como finalidad exponer los trabajos de investigación desarrollados por los alumnos de diferentes universidades durante el año 2021
Suicide prevention research: A bibliometric analysis from 1982 to 2021
No full textBackground: Suicide is the most extreme outcome of a mental health crisis and should therefore be a key priority in any mental health prevention response. Objective: the aim of this study was to identify the scientific production and its temporal evolution related to suicide prevention.
Method: To do this, a quantitative, descriptive and bibliometric type study was carried out, allowing us to know the current situation regarding this issue. The analysis was performed using Scopus’ own metrics and the use of the Bibliometrix software.
Results: The sample to be analyzed constituted 272 papers. The results indicated a progressive growth of productivity levels, with 2018 being the most prolific year of that decade. The United Kingdom and the United States were the geographical territories with the greatest scientific production on the subject. The discipline that has studied suicide the most throughout the 40 years of research is the area of medicine, representing 60.2%.
Conclusions: Overall, our analyses shed light on the strong growth of research in suicidology. We believe that these bibliometric analyses can be useful in guiding researchers, institutions, and countries in the prevention of suicide
Alza del IPC seguirá causando efectos en las finanzas diarias
No full textEspecialistas detallan impacto de la inflación en los precios, la UF y las tasas de interés, además de las estrategias para descomprimir la presión
Characterization and general health conditions of workers in a Chilean industrial area: a worrying reality
No full textIntroduction: Within the occupational field, changes in the characteristics of work have revealed risks associated with static, repetitive work and little physical activity, which together with individual health conditions of workers can trigger diseases and musculoskeletal disorders. Objectives: To obtain a preliminary characterization of workers in an industrial area, including theirhealth and working conditions. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, developed with 69 men who worked in the industrial area of Viña del Mar, Chile. A clinical and occupational evaluation was carried out with the application of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire as well as the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Results: The following risk factors were identified: 53.6% of the workers were smokers, 92.8% presented low levels of physical activity, and 70.3% reported feeling pain in body segments that were physically required during their work tasks. Among all workers, 63% were overweight according to their body mass index and 62% presented high systolic pressure. Pain was mostly detected in the spine, and it was slightly associated with forklift operation by older workers (t-test p < 0.05). Conclusions: Workers were in the presence of cardiovascular and occupational risks. It is necessary to promote timely education and training on health conditions and to evaluate risks associated with machinery operation in order to prevent work-related pain
Oral squamous cell carcinoma in coca chewers from a north region of Argentina: A case series and review of literature
No full textChewing coca leaves is a habit still practiced in Bolivia, Peru and Argentina. There is scarce evidence in the relationship between this habit and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), some authors have found oral epithelial changes in coca chewers. This study aimed to present a case series of patients with a coca chewing habit that developed OSCC, in the absence of risk factors for oral cancer. Patients were evaluated in Hospital Señor del Milagro, Salta, Argentina. None of them had a relevant morbid history and presented intraoral tumors, with an ulcerated surface on the gingivobuccal complex. Coca chewing habit was recorded in all cases. Present cases could start discussions and new lines of researches focusing on the habit of coca leaves chewing as a risk factor for OSCC. It would be very useful to know the underlying mechanisms between this habit and a possible role in oral carcinogenesis
Adaptation to Chilean Spanish of Dynamic Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (DLOTCA)
No full textObjective
To adapt the tenth version in English of the Dynamic Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment to Chilean Spanish.
Method
The DLOTCA application manual was adapted into Spanish. The process followed the general guidelines for the translation and adaptation of instruments of the World Health Organization (WHO), with direct translation, a panel discussion of experts, back translation, pre-tests, and cognitive interviews with users.
Results
A direct translation into Spanish was obtained by two bilingual occupational therapists that were subjected to adjustments by a panel of experts composed of 6 occupational therapists, of the total of 28 sub-tests, the expert committee had no discrepancy in 20 of them, of which 8 remaining modifications were made. A back translation of the version obtained is carried out, where there were only discrepancies with one term, which was resolved by the research team. Finally, a pre-test was applied to 13 adults with brain damage, the adjustments in this stage were spelling and substitution of some terms for words more commonly used in the Chilean language, verifying the consistency in the understanding of the items independently of the results obtained. Three versions were produced before the final version, all stages were developed in a systematic way, achieving an understandable and consistent translation with the Chilean population.
Conclusions
A version in Chilean Spanish of the DLOTCA instrument has finally been made available to the scientific community
2da jornada de investigación y actualización interna UVM
No full textCon el fiel compromiso de fomentar y actualizar el quehacer investigativo de los estudiantes
y académicos de nuestra Universidad, se pone en marcha la 2da Jornada de investigación
y actualización interna UVM, esta vez con un objetivo concreto en cuanto a algunos enfoques
teóricos y metodológicos de la investigación multi e interdisciplinaria. Tales ideas
se presentan en el texto: Una aproximación a la investigación multi e interdisciplinar:
diversos enfoques teóricos y metodológicos, como el principal aporte a dicho evento.
En efecto, el texto está conformado por tres ejes: en primer lugar se introducen los aspectos
más resaltantes de la investigación formativa, desde su definición, alcances y limitaciones,
hasta su instalación y aportes con su respectivo programa en la UVM. Para una mejor
comprensión de tales aspectos, se presenta un caso concreto de estudio.
La segunda parte da una mirada más disciplinar a la investigación mediante aportes de
algunos académicos: temas centrados en la inclusión social, la didáctica de la matemática y
la neurociencia, así como tópicos más específicos como la media derivada desde un estudio
socio epistemológico y la modelización de la evolución de un disco protoplanetario, los
cuales pretenden inducir e invitar al lector a reflexionar sobre la importancia de grupos
multi e interdisciplinarios de investigación.
Una tercera y última parte, se concentra en el proceso de actualización académica en
nuestro objetivo de alfabetización estadística, iniciado en las jornadas 2021. En esta
oportunidad se introduce al lector en la gestión de los datos de investigación mediante
consideraciones básicas, seguidamente se aborda el manejo de datos estadísticos desde
la base descriptiva (fase irrenunciable en cualquier tipo de investigación) y se introduce
el análisis de regresión y correlación lineal a través de sus aspectos metodológicos.
Desde el programa de investigación de la Escuela de Ciencias, la Coordinación de Investigación
y Postgrado y el CREA (Centro de recursos para la enseñanza y aprendizaje) nos
complace compartir con la comunidad nuestros aportes e ideas en torno a la investigación
desde diferentes aristas, como un punto de encuentro y enriquecimiento para el quehacer
académico y social
Professional Male Beach Handball Players Performance Profile
No full textBeach handball is a sport that has seen an increase in the number of players in the last decade. The aim of the study was to evaluate the basic measures of body composition, maturation, performance outcomes and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet of professional beach handball players, as a function of category (junior vs. senior) and playing positions. Thirty-six professional beach handball players participated in the study: 18 seniors (age: 25.0 ± 5.19) and 18 juniors (age: 16.7 ± 0.46); Each player’s body composition and different sports performance variables were analysed using the CMJ test, the Abalakov test, the Yo-Yo Test IR1 and the handgrip test. The Mediterranean diet Adherence was analysed using the KIDMED questionnaire. Significant differences are observed for all performance variables, with the values of senior players being higher in all cases (p < 0.005). Moreover, the adherence to the Mediterranean diet is moderate. Positive correlations were observed between the CMJ and weight (p = 0.012) and the CMJ and the BMI (p = 0.003). The same was observed for the Abalakov test, with p = 0.004 for weight and p = 0.001 for the BMI. Regarding the dynamometry, it positively correlates with the height (p = 0.002), the sitting height (p = 0.008), wingspan (p < 0.001) and weight (p = 0.011). The opposite occurred with the Yo-Yo Test and the KIDMED variables. Conclusions: One aspect to improve, as a key performance factor, would be the adherence to the Mediterranean diet for both categories. Players with a better adherence, achieved better results in the performance tests
Déficit habitacional en la región
No full textPanelista: Joaquín Bustamante, académico UVM Tema: Déficit habitacional en la región. Conduce Carlos Jar