Engineering Science Letter
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68 research outputs found
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Investigation of the Effect of Turboexpander on NOx Emissions
Full text linkAs climate changes become more severe and the transition towards sustainability goals more important than ever, the need to modify our vehicles and their thermal management systems takes priority. The vast majority of Original Engine Manufacturers might be looking at the electrification of most vehicles, but it is equally important to make sure that our Internal Combustion Engine powered vehicles become more sustainable since most of our heavy transport is powered by ICEs. The biggest disadvantage of an ICE-powered vehicle is its emissions output. The engine emissions regulations have become stringent over the past few years leading to an increased emphasis on NOx reduction techniques. Air Cycle Technology (ACT) has created a novel form of turboexpander which has previously been tested by ACT in race car engines to reduce pre-ignition. This current work being reported has been carried out to prove the useability of the ACT turboexpander in diesel engines to reduce NOx formation by cooling the intake air. The engine used for this study is a 4.4-liter JCB-TCA 74 turbocharged diesel engine. The ACT turboexpander was retrofitted to the JCB engine. During the study performed on the JCB engine, second-stage cooling provided by the turboexpander showed a reduction of approximately 30° C in intake air temperatures. This data was also supported by hand calculations performed using empirical formulas
Detection Method of Concave Defect on Specular Surfaces Based on Swin Transformer
Full text linkShallow concave defects on mirrored surfaces are difficult to detect automatically. This paper proposes a defect detection method using a deep neural network (DNN) that learns the presence or absence of distortion in the image of a stripe pattern reflected on a mirror surface. The Swin Transformer is used as the DNN to capture global features of the edges of the reflection. In the manufacturing process, the occurrence of defects is minimized, so it is difficult to collect enough defect images for training purposes. Therefore, in this paper, we show how to generate a large number of images of stripe pattern reflections using an optical simulation method. Our Swin Transformer showed high detection performance in defect detection experiments using actual mirrored parts
Simulation of the Tuna Freezing Process and Evaluation of Factors Influencing the Freezing Time of the Tuna
Full text linkThis paper presents the simulation of the tuna freezing process by using ANSYS software. Based on simulation results, factors affecting the freezing time including air velocity and freezing temperature were determined. Within the air velocity range w = (5÷15) m.s-1, an increase in the velocity by Ñw =1 m.s-1 led to a decrease in the freezing time by Ñt = (7.2÷2.3) %. When the freezing temperature was reduced by Ñte = 1 K, the freezing time was reduced by Ñt = (3.2÷2.5) % in the freezing temperature range te = (–35÷–45) oC
Analysis and Evaluation of Factors Influencing Student Success with Explainable Artificial Intelligence Models
Full text linkThe research aims to explain socio-economic factors affecting student success using interpretable artificial intelligence models and to promote the use of this technology in the development of educational policies. Initially, existing studies on factors determining student success have been examined. The dataset includes socio-economic and personal variables such as parental education, family economic status, student gender, and study duration. Using interpretable artificial intelligence models like InterpretML, analyses have been conducted on this dataset, and the results obtained from examining factors influencing student success have been evaluated. This study aims to contribute to shaping educational policies more effectively through the use of artificial intelligence
Design and Developing of EcoDesk Applying Sustainable Machining
Full text linkThis study aims to develop a customized study desk for children with special needs, specifically targeting primary school students from the B40 economic category in Durian Tunggal, Malaysia. The primary users, children under the age of twelve, require enhanced support and space to facilitate effective learning. The desk design will focus on improving accessibility, comfort, and practicality to accommodate diverse learning requirements, promoting inclusion and an optimal learning environment. The initiative, organized by UTeM, seeks to support financially disadvantaged families by providing affordable, tailored workstations. Additionally, the desk will be portable, ensuring ease of assembly, disassembly, and storage, thereby reducing academic burdens and fostering better student interaction
Current Status and Analysis of the Solution of Greening in the Textile Industry in Vietnam
Full text linkTextile and garment production is one of the essential industries contributing to creating jobs for millions of workers and providing Vietnam's leading source of GDP revenue. The production process of the textile industry also has many impacts on the economy, society, and the environment, not only in Vietnam but also in most countries around the world. In the textile and Garment industry, freshwater consumption accounts for nearly 4%, and water pollution accounts for about 20% worldwide. According to the Vietnam Textile and Apparel Association, the energy consumption of textiles accounts for up to 8% of the energy consumption compared with the energy of the entire industry. It emits about 5 million tons of CO2 per year. Therefore, solutions to green the textile industry, such as designing and building factories in a green and sustainable direction, lighting solutions, optimal production process systems, using energy-saving equipment, and alternative forms of renewable energy are some of the leading critical factors to reducing energy consumption would be analyzed, evaluated and provided optimal solutions for the goal of greening in the textile industry and progress towards the target of net zero emissions by 2050
An Analytical Study of Suspension Bridge Collapse Based on the Characteristics of the Eigen Values
Full text linkThis research discusses an analytical approach to suspension bridge accidents focusing on eigenvalue characteristics. This research uses eigenvalue analysis to explore patterns that may contribute to bridge structural failure. The analysis steps include reducing the model to an uncoupled and linear system, as well as determining homogeneous and non-homogeneous solutions, which helps identify accident-prone patterns. The analysis results also reveal significant differences in dynamic characteristics between safe bridges and those that experience accidents. This research highlights the importance of a deep understanding of eigenvalues in designing, maintaining, and managing suspension bridges. The implication of this research is the development of more effective prevention strategies to improve suspension bridge safety in the future. By analyzing eigenvalues, this research provides deep insight into the factors that influence the stability of suspension bridges. These findings provide a strong foundation for developing recommendations for more effective design, maintenance, and management of suspension bridges. The conclusions of this research can help improve the safety and reliability of suspension bridges worldwide and contribute to civil engineering and infrastructure security
Autonomous Vehicles: From Technology to Law and Regulation
Full text linkThe advent of autonomous vehicles marks a convergence of technological advancement, societal change, and regulatory evolution with profound implications. This transformative technology has shifted from science fiction to reality, sparking extensive discourse encompassing technological progress, legal intricacies, and ethical considerations. This scholarly exploration navigates the intricate terrain of autonomous vehicles, tracing their evolution from a technological marvel to a catalyst for profound changes in legal frameworks, regulations, and societal dynamics. Our journey begins by delving into the technological foundations and significant achievements that underpin autonomous vehicle development. This illuminates the complex algorithms, sensor arrays, and machine-learning capabilities driving these self-driving vehicles. Transitioning from technology, we delve into the intricate realm of law and regulation, where established norms of road safety, liability, and privacy intersect with autonomy's transformative potential. This paper scrutinizes the intricate network of legal frameworks and ethical considerations governing the testing, deployment, and daily operation of autonomous cars. With their integration into transportation systems gaining prominence, balancing innovation with regulation assumes critical importance. This study embraces technology, law, and regulation, aiming to understand the multifaceted dimensions arising when autonomous cars intersect with legal and ethical frameworks. We explore the dynamic nature of global regulatory paradigms, analyzing obstacles, achievements, and ethical dilemmas shaping progress. As we embark on this endeavor, our goal is to offer a valuable resource elucidating the intricate process of transitioning from technology to legal frameworks and regulations within the era of autonomous vehicles
Non-thermal Food Processing Technologies for Reducing Microbial Loads
Full text linkThis study provides a comprehensive review of non-thermal food processing technologies and their effectiveness in preventing microbial contamination and improving food quality. Non-thermal treatments, including high-pressure processing (HPP), pulsed electric fields (PEF), ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, plasma treatment, and ohmic heating, offer innovative alternatives to traditional thermal methods for microbial control. These technologies leverage mechanisms such as pressure, electrical energy, light, or reactive species to achieve microbial inactivation while preserving sensory attributes and nutritional integrity. Despite their considerable potential, non-thermal treatments face challenges and limitations related to technological complexity, regulatory considerations, cost implications, and efficacy against specific microorganisms or food matrices. Addressing these challenges requires collaboration between industry stakeholders, regulatory agencies, and research institutions to drive innovation, establish regulatory frameworks, and optimize implementation strategies. By overcoming current limitations and harnessing the full potential of non-thermal treatments, the food industry can enhance food safety, quality, and sustainability while meeting consumer demands for safe and minimally processed foods
Blockchain-Based DLTs for Metaverse Applications Security
Full text linkDistributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) and blockchain systems are used in various higher-level departments, government sectors and commercial industries. This article reviews how DLTs and blockchain systems work with IOT devices and how it provides security and scalability. The metaverse sets a new standard for social media sites and 3D virtual spaces. Moreover, the key aim of the virtual world is to safeguard the metadata of IOT customers. Additionally, crypto is an effective solution due to its openness, data integrity, and accountability characteristics. So, we review the two new burning technologies of crypto and the virtual world from a methodological perspective, i.e. data collection, saving data, allocation, integration, and data confidentiality are all aspects of data management. By each strategy, in this article, we discuss the methodological techniques of the meta chain and then investigate the potential benefits of blockchain technology. Further, we analyze how blockchain will influence other critical enabling technologies in the metaverse's service world, such as the IOT