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PHYSIOTHERAPY IN GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
No full textFizioterapija, kao grana medicine zaslužena za rehabilitaciju, ali i prevenciju nastanka bolesti te edukaciju populacije, postaje sve više integrirana u ginekologiju, porodništvo i neonatologiju. Sistematičkom obradom svake od navedenih tema u radu, iznesene su opće činjenice te je opisan fizioterapijski proces, sačinjen od fizioterapijske procjene i intervencije, kao i problemi s kojima se većina pacijentica susreće. Najčešći problemi prisutni tijekom i nakon trudnoće su bolna stanja, nastala kao posljedica adaptacije tijela na trudnoću, te urinarna inkontinencija, koja se može javiti tijekom ili nakon trudnoće kao posljedica slabosti mišića zdjeličnog dna. Kako bi se prevenirao njihov nastanak, dužnost fizioterapeuta je naglasiti trudnicama važnost primjene zaštitničkog položaja te redovite fizičke aktivnosti, u skladu sa mogućnostima trudnice. Fizioterapeut može biti prisutan i tijekom samog poroda, gdje edukacijom pacijentice, te primjenom pravnih tehnika disanja i pozicioniranja, olakšava njegov tijek.Physiotherapy, as a branch of medicine responsible for rehabilitation, as well as disease prevention and education of the public, is becoming increasingly integrated into gynecology, obstetrics and neonatology. Each of the topics mentioned in this thesis, was approached systematically, presented through general facts, the physiotherapy process, consisting of physiotherapy assessment and intervention, as well as the problems with which most of the patients are faced. The most common problems present during and after pregnancy are pregnancy-related pain, present as a result of the body's adaptation to pregnancy, and urinary incontinence, which can occur during or after pregnancy due to pelvic floor dysfunction. In order to prevent their occurrence, the physiotherapist's duty is to emphasize the importance of protective positioning in pregnancy and regular physical activity, in accordance with the capabilities of a pregnant women. The physiotherapist can also be present during labor, where he serves an educational purpose by applying proper breathing and positioning techniques in order to ease its course
THE MORALITY AND ETHICS IN PHYSIOTHERAPY
No full textFizioterapija je vitalna grana zdravstvene skrbi koja se temelji na načelima etike i morala kako bi pružila najbolju skrb pacijentima. Cilj ovog rada je istražiti važnost etičkog ponašanja i moralnih načela u kontekstu fizioterapije te analizirati kako oni doprinose kvaliteti zdravstvene skrbi.
Fizioterapeuti, kao zdravstveni profesionalci, suočavaju se s različitim etičkim izazovima u svakodnevnoj praksi. Kroz analizu etičkih teorija, poput deontologije, utilitarizma i pravde, raspravlja se o različitim pristupima rješavanju moralnih dilema koje se javljaju u kontekstu fizioterapije. Postavlja se naglasak na poštivanje autonomije pacijenata, pružanje informiranih pristanka i očuvanje povjerljivosti. Tako kroz prikaz etički načela, jedan od ključnih aspekata etike u fizioterapiji je osiguranje pravedne i kvalitetne zdravstvene skrbi za sve pacijente, bez obzira na njihove osobne karakteristike i uvjerenja. To zahtijeva od fizioterapeuta da se suzdrže od diskriminacije i predrasuda te da se pridržavaju profesionalnih standarda. Također, ovaj rad istražuje obvezu fizioterapeuta da se neprestano usavršavaju i prate relevantne propise kako bi osigurali najbolju praksu. Održavanje evidencije pruženih usluga i osiguranje povjerljivosti informacija od iznimne su važnosti u osiguravanju kvalitete skrbi. Nadalje, raspravlja se o odgovornosti fizioterapeuta u planiranju usluga koje zadovoljavaju potrebe zajednice te o ulozi glavnog fizioterapeuta u osiguravanju kvalitete i koordinacije unutar jedinice fizioterapije.
Odbijanje skrbi u slučaju neprikladnog ponašanja pacijenata i zaštita pacijenata od štetnih praksi također su ključne teme ovog rada. Fizioterapeuti imaju obvezu osigurati profesionalno ponašanje i pružiti potrebne usluge pacijentima. Konačno, članovi Hrvatske komore fizioterapeuta moraju poštovati etičke smjernice i obvezati se na doprinos ugledu i radu Komore. Svaka povreda etičkih načela može biti prijavljena Povjerenstvu za fizioterapeutsku etiku i deontologiju radi daljnje analize. U zaključku, moral i etika igraju ključnu ulogu u pružanju visokokvalitetne zdravstvene skrbi u fizioterapiji. Razumijevanje i primjena etičkih načela ključni su za osiguranje najbolje moguće skrbi za pacijente i očuvanje integriteta struke.Physiotherapy is a vital branch of healthcare that is grounded in ethical and moral principles to provide the best care to patients. The aim of this paper is to explore the significance of ethical behavior and moral principles in the context of physiotherapy and analyze how they contribute to the quality of healthcare.
Physiotherapists, as healthcare professionals, face various ethical challenges in their daily practice. Through the analysis of ethical theories, such as deontology, utilitarianism, and justice, different approaches to resolving moral dilemmas that arise in the context of physiotherapy are discussed. Emphasis is placed on respecting patients' autonomy, obtaining informed consent, and preserving confidentiality. Hence, through the presentation of ethical principles, one of the key aspects of ethics in physiotherapy is ensuring fair and high-quality healthcare for all patients, regardless of their personal characteristics and beliefs. This requires physiotherapists to refrain from discrimination and prejudice and adhere to professional standards. Furthermore, this paper explores the physiotherapist's obligation to continuously improve their skills and follow relevant regulations to ensure best practices. Maintaining records of services provided and safeguarding the confidentiality of information is of utmost importance in ensuring the quality of care. Additionally, the responsibility of physiotherapists in planning services that meet the needs of the community and the role of the chief physiotherapist in ensuring quality and coordination within the physiotherapy unit is discussed. Refusing care in cases of inappropriate patient behavior and protecting patients from harmful practices are also crucial topics in this paper. Physiotherapists are obligated to ensure professional conduct and provide necessary services to patients.
Finally, members of the Croatian Chamber of Physiotherapists must adhere to ethical guidelines and commit to contributing to the reputation and work of the Chamber. Any breach of ethical principles can be reported to the Commission for Physiotherapy Ethics and Deontology for further analysis. In conclusion, morality and ethics play a pivotal role in providing high-quality healthcare in physiotherapy. Understanding and applying ethical principles are crucial to ensure the best possible care for patients and uphold the integrity of the profession
RETURN TO DAILY ACTIVITIES AFTER ACL RECONSTRUCTION
No full textACL je jedan od ključnih stabilizatora koljena. Ruptura ACL – a je češća kod sportaša i ljudi koji se bave težim fizičkim poslovima. Rupture ACL – a nastaju zbog konstantne napetosti ligamenta u svim pokretima zbog toga što onemogućava međusobne pokrete zglobnih tijela. Faktori rizika koji mogu dovesti do rupture su: povišena tjelesna težina, neadekvatna obuća, mišićni zamor, genetska predispozicija te ženski spol. Ozljede često nastaju zbog izravnog kontakta s drugim igračem (u sportu), naglom promjenom smjera ili nepravilnog doskoka. Sile koje djeluju na zglob su najjače te je to glavni razlog rupture te o toj jačini sila ovisi dali će ruptura biti totalna ili parcijalna. Ruptura ACL – a se dijeli na 3 stupnja: istegnuće, parcijalna ruptura i totalna ruptura. Dijagnoza se postavlja na temelju anamneze, kliničkog pregleda, MR – a te specifičnih testova od koji se primjenjuju Lachmanov test te test prednje ladice. Kod navedenog pacijenta došlo je do rupture ACL – a koja nije odmah sanirana zbog prestanka profesionalnog bavljenja sportom. Nakon otklanjanja ciste pacijent je upućen na fizikalnu terapiju nakon koje mu se stanje poboljšalo. Nakon određenog vremena (6 mjeseci nakon operacije) kod povratka u aktivnost ozljeda se ponovila te je potvrđena sigurna ruptura ACL – a i djelomična ruptura medijalnog meniska. Nakon operacije planirana je detaljna rehabilitacija uz primjenu ortoze. Sama rehabilitacija je podijeljena u 4 faze: rana zaštitna faza, srednja faza, napredna faza te faza povratka u aktivnost. Kroz svaku fazu detaljno je praćen napredak pacijenta kroz manualni mišićni test, mjerenje opsega pokreta kao i mišićni zamor te osjećaj umora.The ACL is one of the key stabilizers of the knee. Rupture of the ACL is more common in athletes and people who engage in heavy physical work. ACL ruptures occur due to the constant tension of the ligament in all movements because it prevents mutual movements of the joint bodies. Risk factors that can lead to rupture are: increased body weight, inadequate footwear, muscle fatigue, genetic predisposition and female gender. Injuries often occur due to direct contact with another player (in sports), a sudden change of direction or an improper landing. The forces acting on the joint are the strongest, and this is the main reason for the rupture, and it depends on the strength of the force whether the rupture will be total or partial. ACL rupture is divided into 3 stages: sprain, partial rupture and total rupture. The diagnosis is made on the basis of history, clinical examination, MR - and specific tests, of which the Lachman test and the anterior drawer test are applied. The aforementioned patient had an ACL rupture - which was not repaired immediately due to the cessation of professional sports. After removing the cyst, the patient was sent to physical therapy, after which his condition improved. After a certain time (6 months after surgery) when returning to activities, the injury recurred and a safe rupture of the ACL and a partial rupture of the medial meniscus were confirmed. After the operation, a detailed rehabilitation with the use of orthotics is planned. The rehabilitation itself is divided into 4 phases: early protective phase, middle phase, advanced phase and phase of return to activity. Through each phase, the patient's progress was monitored in detail through a manual muscle test, measurement of range of motion as well as muscle fatigue and feeling of tiredness
PREVENTION OF LOWER EXTREMITY INJURIES IN BASKETBALL ABSTRACT
No full textKošarka je popularan sport diljem svijeta, koji zahtijeva visoku razinu fizičke sposobnosti, koordinacije i brzine. Međutim, zbog naglih pokreta i skokova, igrači košarke često su izloženi ozljedama, posebice donjih ekstremiteta. Ozljede donjih ekstremiteta koje se događaju u profesionalnoj košarci mogu rezultirati tim da košarkaš izostane sa terena, što naravno nije poželjno tijekom velikih natjecanja jer visok broj ozljeda u ekipi označava manjak ili izostanak rezultatskih ciljeva. Izrazito je važno da u trenažni program sportaša budu uključeni preventivni programi najčešćih ozljeda donjih ekstremiteta, ali isto tako preventivni programi za općenite ozljede koje se mogu dogoditi. Prevencija ozljeda u košarci ključna je za dugotrajnu sportsku karijeru i očuvanje zdravlja igrača. Cilj ovog rada je analizirati i objasniti najčešće ozljede donjih ekstremiteta u košarci to jest objasniti ozljede vezane za zglob kuka, zglob koljena i zglob gležnja, predstaviti primjere preventivnih treninga za ozljede donjih ekstremiteta i predočiti pozitivne učinke takvih treninga.Basketball is a popular sport worldwide that requires a high level of physical ability, coordination, and speed. However, due to sudden movements and jumps, basketball players are often exposed to injuries, especially in the lower extremities. Injuries to the lower extremities that occur in professional basketball can result in a basketball player being absent from the court, which is not desirable during major competitions as a high number of injuries in a team signifies a lack or absence of results. It is extremely important to include preventive programs for the most common lower extremity injuries as well as for general injuries that can occur. Prevention of injuries in basketball is essential for a long-term sports career and preserving the health of players. The aim of this paper is to analyze and explain the most common injuries of the lower extremities in basketball, to explain injuries related to the hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint, to present examples of preventive training for injuries to the lower extremities and to present the positive effects of such training
THE EFFECT OF ROBOTIC REHABILITATION ON BALANCE OF CHRONIC PATIENTS AFTER STROKE
No full textMoždani udar predstavlja veliki javno zdravstveni problem diljem svijeta, uzrokujući značajne
posljedice za pacijente i njihove obitelji. Jedna od glavnih posljedica moždanog udara je
gubitak ravnoteže, što značajno utječe na kvalitetu života pacijenata i može dovesti do
opasnosti od ponovnog padanja i ozljeda. Stoga, rehabilitacija nakon moždanog udara ima
ključnu ulogu u poboljšanju funkcionalne sposobnosti i kvalitete života pacijenata.
Rana je rehabilitacija ključna kod zbrinjavanja bolesnika nakon moždanog udara kako bi se što
je moguće više smanjila oštećenja funkcionalnih sustava i invalidnost.
Cilj rada je istražiti učinak moderne robotske rehabilitacije na balans kroničnih pacijenata
nakon moždanog udara.
Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju poboljšanja u balansu, stabilnosti i smanjenju rizika od
ponovnog pada kod pacijenata koji su sudjelovali u robotskoj rehabilitaciji nakon preboljenog
moždanog udara. Međutim, iako robotska rehabilitacija ima brojne prednosti, kao što su
individualizirani i ponovljivi programi vježbi, prilagodljivost i mogućnost praćenja napretka,
postoje i određena ograničenja, poput visoke cijene, ograničenog dostupnosti i potrebe za
stručno obučenim terapeutima. Danas u neurorehabilitaciji fizioterapeut ima velike mogućnosti
rada na jačanju i stabilizaciji trupa kao i ostalih segmenta tijela uz sve sekundarne benefite.
Razvoj rehabilitacijskih robota nema u cilju zamijeniti fizioterapeuta, već mu služiti kako bi
mogao postići više razine funkcioniranja a time i efikasniju terapiju, posebno kod neurološkog
bolesnika.Stroke is a major public health problem worldwide, causing significant consequences for
patients and their families. One of the main consequences of a stroke is the loss of balance,
which significantly affects the quality of life of patients and can lead to the risk of repeated
falls and injuries. Therefore, rehabilitation after a stroke plays a key role in improving the
functional ability and quality of life of patients.
Early rehabilitation is essential in the care of patients after a stroke in order to minimize
functional system damage and disability as much as possible.
The aim of the work is to investigate the effect of modern robotic rehabilitation on the balance
of chronic patients after stroke.
The results of the research show improvements in balance, stability and a reduction in the risk
of falling again in patients who participated in robotic rehabilitation after a stroke. However,
although robotic rehabilitation has numerous advantages, such as individualized and repeatable
exercise programs, adaptability, and the ability to monitor progress, there are also certain
limitations, such as high cost, limited availability, and the need for professionally trained
therapists. Today, in neurorehabilitation, the physiotherapist has great opportunities to work on
strengthening and stabilizing the trunk as well as other body segments with all the secondary
benefits. The development of rehabilitation robots does not aim to replace the physiotherapist,
but to serve him so that he can achieve higher levels of functioning and thus more efficient
therapy, especially for neurological patients
PHYSIOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS
Get PDFCilj je ovog rada približiti poteškoće pacijenata s bolnim promjenama u temporomandibularnom području.
Temporomandibularni zglob je parni zglob koji predstavlja poveznicu između gornje i donje čeljusti. Sastoji se od kondila mandibule, udubljenja na maksili u koje ulazi kondil, a između tih dviju koštanih struktura nalazi se artikulacijski disk. Na samom zglobu nalaze se hvatišta žvačnih mišića. Zbog svoje važnosti i svakodnevnih opterećenja taj je zglob često izvor tegoba koje pacijent osjeća u svakodnevnom životu.
Skup poremećaja kao što su bol, zvukovi, krepitacije i slični u tom području opisan je kao temporomandibularni poremećaji. Uzroci mogu biti razni, npr. autoimune bolesti, nedostatak zubi, bruksizam, stres i psihološke tegobe, traume i slično.
Dijagnosticiranje poremećaja u tom području bitno je zbog toga što se tim zglobom teško ne koristiti jer je aktivan pri svakom otvaranju usta, žvakanju hrane, govoru itd. Kako uzroci poremećaja mogu biti razni, tako se u dijagnosticiranju i liječenju ovih tegoba preklapa više struka. Pacijent koji osjeti simptome u temporomandibularnom području može se obratiti stomatologu, fizioterapeutu, fizijatru, liječniku opće prakse, otorinolaringologu itd. Stoga je važno pravilno dijagnosticirati uzrok poremećaja.
Kod pacijenata s bolovima u temporomandibularnom zglobu fizioterapeut djeluje konzervativno, odnosno ublažava simptome. Najčešći načini za to su masaža i istezanje mišića, uređaji (ultrazvuk, laser, TENS) i pokazne vježbe.
Temporomandibularni poremećaji sve su češća pojava, najviše zbog današnjeg načina života koji je sve ubrzaniji i stresniji, a stres se navodi kao najčešći miogeni uzrok pojave bolova u ovom području.Aim of this work is to adress discomfort that patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have.
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a twin joint which is responsible for connecting upper and lower jaw. Condile from mandibule, fossa (dent) in maxilla and in between them disc make TMJ. Big chewing muscles start or end in this area. Beacuse of this specific task and the ammount of daily activations of TMJ, it is quite often source of discomfort that patients feels in everyday situation.
Simptoms, such as pain, clicking sound or crepitations in this area are defined as temporomandibular disorders. Cause for this disorders can be autoimmune diseases, bruxism, stress, psychological problems, trauma etc.
To diagnose and to adress symptoms in this particular area is really important because TMJ is active almost during whole day, when we open our mouth, when we chew, when we speak etc. Given that reasons for TMD can be various, patients whith symptoms can go to general dentist, physiotherapist, physiatrist, general doctor, otolaryngologist etc. Because of this wide area of specialty, it is important that the cause if narrowed down.
Patients that have pain in TMJ physiotherapist act symptomatic, conservatively, mainly to reduce symptoms. Most used way for that is massage and streching of the muscles, devices (ultrasound, LLL Laser, TENS) and demonstrative excercises.
TMD are becoming more often today, mostly because of todays habits and more tense and stressful way of living. Stress is the most common cause for muscles pain in this particular area
FUNCTIONAL REHABILITATION OF INJURIES OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES OF FEMALE HANDBALL PLAYERS WITH REFERENCE TO THE PLAYING POSITION
No full textRukomet je momčadski sport koji je nastao u Europi, a igraju ga dvije momčadi od sedam igrača odnosno šest vanjskih igrača i jedan vratar na pravokutnom terenu. Cilj igre je postizanje golova ubacivanjem lopte u protivnički gol dok se pritom sprječava druga momčad da postigne pogodak. Kao i svaki sport, rukomet nosi rizik od ozljeda. Uobičajene ozljede koje se mogu dogoditi u rukometu su pretežito uganuća gležnja, ozljede prstiju i zapešća, ozljede ramena i ozljede koljena koje su najučestalije ozljede u ovom sportu zato jer rukomet uključuje često okretanje, nagle promjene smjera i skakanje, što može opteretiti zglob koljena. Kako bi smanjili rizik od ozljeda u rukometu, igrači bi trebali slijediti pravilne rutine zagrijavanja i istezanja, nositi odgovarajuću zaštitnu opremu, koristiti pravilnu tehniku, održavati dobru fizičku spremu i imati redovita razdoblja odmora i oporavka. Također je bitno igrati pod nadzorom obučenih trenera i slijediti pravila i propise sporta. Cilj ovog rada je analizirati i objasniti najčešće ozljede donjih ekstremiteta rukometašica te predstaviti funkcionalnu rehabilitaciju tih ozljeda s posebnim osvrtom na igračku poziciju.Handball is a team sport that originated in Europe, and is played by two teams of seven players, that is, six outfield players and one goalkeeper on a rectangular field. The aim of the game is to score goals by putting the ball into the opponent's goal while preventing the other team from scoring. Like any sport, handball carries a risk of injury. Common injuries that can occur in handball are mostly ankle sprains and strains, finger and wrist injuries, shoulder injuries and knee injuries, which are the most common injuries in this sport because handball involves frequent turning, sudden changes of direction and jumping, which can stress the knee joint. To minimize the risk of injuries in handball, players should follow proper warm-up and stretching routines, wear appropriate protective gear, use proper technique and form, maintain good physical conditioning, and have regular rest and recovery periods. It is also essential to play under the supervision of trained coaches and follow the rules and regulations of the sport. The aim of this paper is to analyze and explain the most common injuries of the lower extremities of female handball players and to present the functional rehabilitation of these injuries with special reference to the playing position
THERAPEUTIC EXERCISES IN THE TREATMENT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES
No full textU suvremenom društvu, mišićno-koštana oboljenja predstavljaju značajan izazov za zdravstveni sustav, a isto tako i za pojedince koji se suočavaju s tim stanjima. Kako bi se ublažili simptomi, poboljšala funkcionalnost i potaknulo ozdravljenje, sve više pažnje posvećuje se terapijskoj vježbi kao ključnom dijelu tretmana za ove vrste oboljenja. Terapijska vježba se temelji na stručno osmišljenim i individualno prilagođenim programima vježbanja, koji ciljaju na specifične potrebe svakog pacijenta. Ova vrsta vježbanja kombinira različite tehnike, uključujući vježbe snage, fleksibilnosti i ravnoteže, s naglaskom na postizanje ciljeva rehabilitacije kao što su: smanjenje boli, poboljšanje funkcionalnosti, poboljšanje posturalne stabilnosti te prevencije daljnjih komplikacija. Terapijska vježba može imati različite oblike, uključujući individualizirane vježbe, grupne terapije i korištenje terapijskih pomagala i tehnika. Važno je razumjeti pravilno planiranje i progresiju terapijske vježbe kako bi se postigao optimalan terapijski učinak te poboljšala kvaliteta života pacijenta. Terapijska vježba igra ključnu ulogu kao važan alat u liječenju mišićno-koštanih oboljenja.In modern society, musculoskeletal disorders represent a significant challenge for the healthcare system, as well as for individuals who are dealing with these conditions. In order to relieve symptoms, improve functionality and promote healing, more and more attention is being paid to therapeutic exercise as a key part of treatment for these types of ailments. Therapeutic exercise is based on expertly designed and individually adapted exercise programs, which target the specific needs of each patient. This type of exercise combines various techniques, including strength, flexibility and balance exercises, with an emphasis on achieving rehabilitation goals such as: reducing pain, improving functionality, improving postural stability and preventing further complications. Therapeutic exercise can take many forms, including individualized exercises, group therapy, and the use of therapeutic aids and techniques. It is important to understand the proper planning and progression of therapeutic exercise in order to achieve an optimal therapeutic effect and improve the patient's quality of life. Therapeutic exercise plays a key role as an important tool in the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases
PHYSIOTHERAPY PROCESS AFTER ARTHROSCOPIC RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PATELOFEMORAL LIGAMENT
No full textCilj rada je prikazati fizioterapijski proces koji se primjenjuje nakon artroskopske rekonstrukcije medijalnog patelofemoralnog ligamenta (MPFL-a). MPFL je glavni pasivni medijalni stabilizator patele i odgovoran je za 60 do 80% stabilnosti patele. Akutnom primarnom luksacijom koljena dolazi do njegovog oštećenja u čak 90% slučajeva. Nakon što jednom dođe do njegove ozljede, kasnije postaje vrlo teško povratiti njegovu prvobitnu funkciju. Artroskopska rekonstrukcija MPFL-a nametnula se kao provjerena metoda, gdje se fiksiranjem presatka na mjesto ozlijeđenog MPFL-a vraća funkcija i potrebna stabilnost pateli. Nakon operacije slijedi dugotrajna rehabilitacija koja počinje prvi dan postoperativno. Procjenom pacijenta počinje fizioterapijski proces nakon kojeg slijedi rehabilitacija. U ranoj fazi rehabilitacije cilj je kontrola boli, smanjenje edema i upale te sprečavanje kontraktura zgloba. U toj fazi primjenjuju se fizikalne procedure i kreće se s pasivnim i aktivnim terapijskim vježbama opsega pokreta te jačanja muskulature potkoljenice i natkoljenice uz kontinuirani napredak. Daljnjim napretkom uvode se vježbe propriocepcije i ravnoteže koje imaju važnu ulogu u procesu rehabilitacije. U zadnjoj fazi uvode se vježbe agilnosti, snage i brzine koje postepeno razvijaju mišićnu snagu i izdržljivost kod pacijenta. Kontinuirano se povećavaju intenzitet i frekvencija treninga te se pacijenta priprema za nadolazeće funkcionalne aktivnosti. Fizioterapijski proces pokazao se kao učinkovit alat u pripremi sportaša za povratak na sportske terene, iako određeni dio nikada ne dostigne svoju preoperativnu razinu, veliki postotak njih se uspio vratiti sportskim aktivnostima.The aim of the work is to present the physiotherapy process applied after arthroscopic reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). The MPFL is the main passive medial stabilizer of the patella and is responsible for 60 to 80% of the patellar stability. Acute primary luxation of the knee causes its damage in 90% of cases. Once its injury occurs, it becomes very difficult to restore its original function. Arthroscopic reconstruction of the MPFL has become established as a proven method, where the function and necessary stability of the patella are restored by fixing the graft at the site of the injured MPFL. The surgery is followed by long-term rehabilitation, which begins on the first postoperative day. The physiotherapy process begins with the assessment of the patient, followed by rehabilitation. In the early phase of rehabilitation, the goal is to control pain, reduce edema, inflammation and prevent joint contractures. In this phase, physical procedures are applied as well as with passive and active therapeutic exercises for the range of motion and strengthening of the musculature of the lower leg and upper leg are carried out with continuous progress. With further progress, proprioception and balance exercises are introduced, which play an important role in the rehabilitation process. In the last phase, agility, strength, and speed exercises are introduced, which gradually develop muscle strength and endurance in the patient. the intensity and frequency of training are continuously increased and the patient is prepared for upcoming functional activities. The physiotherapy process has proven to be an effective tool in preparing athletes to return to sports fields, although a certain part never reaches their preoperative level, a large percentage of them managed to return to sports activitie
THE IMPACT OF VOJTA THERAPY ON PEOPLE WITH HERNIATED DISC
Get PDFZa kralježnicu se može reći kako je ona stup ljudskog tijela, te mnogi zdravstveni problem dolaze upravo zbog nje. U današnje vrijeme sve češći je problem sa kralježnicom, ne samo kod velikog broja ljudi već i kod različitih profila ljudi. Pravilna dijagnoza i adekvatna terapija su nužni kod rješavanja svih zdravstvenih problema. Postoje različiti principi kao i različite vrste terapija, te svaka od njih ima svoje određene prednosti. Jedna od njih je Vojtina terapija koja nije još toliko primijenjena pa čak niti poznata u praksi, no njena tehnika i način funkcioniranja imaju izniman potencijal da upravo ona bude jedna od najzastupljenijih. Hernija diska koja je jedna od najučestalijih bolesti kralježnice danas, što zbog fizičkog napora, što zbog starenja, se može liječiti upravo Vojtinom terpijom. Određeni problem koji se pojavljuje u ovoj tehnici je faktor pojedinca, odnosno uspješnost te terapije uvelike ovisi i o samostalnom radu pacijenta ili obitelji pacijenta u ponekim situacijama.The spine can be conciderate as the pillar of the human body, and many health problems arise precisely because of it, and nowadays spine problems are becoming more and more common, not only in a large number of people but also in different profiles of people. Correct diagnosis and adequate therapy are necessary to solve all health problems. There are different principles as well as different types of therapy, and each of them has its own specific benefits. One of them is Vojta's therapy, which is not yet widely applied or even known in practice, but its technique and way of functioning have an exceptional potential to be one of the most represented. Disc herniation, which is one of the most common diseases of the spine today, due to physical work or aging, can be treated with Vojta's therapy. A certain problem that appears in this technique is the individual factor, that is, the success of this therapy largely depends on the independent work of the patient or the patient's family in some situations