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ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT REHABILITATION PROTOCOLS OF DIFFERENT DURATIONS
No full textOzljede prednje ukrižene sveze (ACL) česte su u sportu i rehabilitacija igra ključnu ulogu u vraćanju funkcije i sprječavanju budućih komplikacija. Ovaj rad istražuje i uspoređuje rehabilitacijske protokole različitog trajanja dizajnirane za ozljede ACL-a. Studija daje pregled postojeće literature za analizu učinkovitosti kratkoročnih, srednjoročnih i dugoročnih programa rehabilitacije. Kratkoročni protokoli obično su usredotočeni na neposrednu postoperativnu njegu, s naglaskom na kontrolu boli, smanjenje oteklina i vježbe ranog opsega pokreta. Srednjoročni protokoli protežu se izvan akutne faze, uključujući progresivno jačanje, vježbe neuromuskularne kontrole i funkcionalne aktivnosti za poboljšanje stabilnosti i vraćanje funkcionalnog kapaciteta. Dugoročni protokoli protežu se na nekoliko mjeseci i daju prioritet naprednom funkcionalnom treningu, vježbama specifičnim za sport i postupnom povratku na aktivnosti prije ozljede. Komparativna analiza uključuje procjenu ishoda, komplikacija i zadovoljstva koje su prijavili pacijenti povezani sa svakim trajanjem. Uzimaju se u obzir čimbenici kao što su zacjeljivanje presatka, vraćanje mišićne snage i jakosti, propriocepcija i cjelokupna funkcionalna izvedba. Dodatno, istražuje se utjecaj trajanja na rizik od ponovne ozljede i uspješan povratak sportu. Nalazi imaju za cilj pružiti kliničarima i rehabilitacijskim stručnjacima uvid u protokole koji se temelje na jedinstvenim potrebama pacijenata u različitim fazama oporavka. Razumijevanjem prednosti i ograničenja protokola s različitim trajanjem, zdravstveni djelatnici mogu optimizirati strategije rehabilitacije, poboljšati rezultate pacijenata i doprinijeti razvoju upravljanja ozljedama ACL-a.Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries are common in sports and rehabilitation plays a pivotal role in restoring function and preventing future complications. This work explores and compares rehabilitation protocols of different durations designed for ACL injuries. The study reviews the existing literature to analyse the effectiveness of short-term, intermediate-term, and long-term rehabilitation programs. Short-term protocols typically focus on immediate postoperative care, emphasizing pain management, swelling reduction, and early range of motion exercises. Intermediate-term protocols extend beyond the acute phase, incorporating progressive strengthening, neuromuscular control exercises, and functional activities to enhance stability and regain functional capacity. Long-term protocols extend over several months and prioritize advanced functional training, sports-specific drills, and a gradual return to pre-injury activities. The comparative analysis involves assessing the outcomes, complications, and patient-reported satisfaction associated with each duration. Factors such as graft healing, muscle strength restoration, proprioception, and overall functional performance are considered. Additionally, the impact of duration on the risk of reinjury and the successful return to sport is explored. The findings aim to provide clinicians and rehabilitation specialists with insights into tailoring protocols based on the unique needs of patients at different stages of recovery. By understanding the strengths and limitations of protocols with varied durations, healthcare professionals can optimize rehabilitation strategies, improve patient outcomes, and contribute to the evolving landscape of ACL injury management
CORRELATION BETWEEN SPASTICITY OF LOWER EXTREMITIES AND GAIT SPEED IN PEOPLE WITH PARAPARESIS
Get PDFOzljeda kralježnične moždine, spinalna ozljeda (eng. spinal cord injury – SCI) može biti uzrokovana traumatskim i netraumatskim čimbenicima, a ozljede mogu biti potpune ili nepotpune.Nakon oštećenja kralježnične moždine dolazi do kaskade destruktivnih procesa koji se kasnije očituju raznim motoričkim i senzoričkim ispadima. Nepotpuna oštećenja uzrokuju djelomične ispade motorike i senzorike. Sekundarna posljedica neuromotoričkih ispada je pojava spasticiteta u raznim mišićnim skupinama. Jedan od glavnih ciljeva pacijenta s ozljedom kralježnične moždine je povratak funkcije hoda. Senzomotorni deficit koji nastaje nakon ozljede može se manifestirati kao pareza ili plegija. Kod nepotpunih ozljeda Lokomat može poboljšati brzinu hoda, snagu mišića, raspon pokreta i mobilnost. Bobath koncept je neurofacilitacijska metoda koja se koristi u rehabilitaciji pacijenta s neurološkim deficitom. Cilj ovog istraživanja je istražiti kako spastičnost utječe na brzinu hoda i smanjenje rizika od pada kod pacijenata s ozljedom kralježnične moždine. Ispitanici će biti podvrgnuti neurofacilitacijskom tretmanu u kombinaciji s robotskim ureĎajem za donje ekstremitete. Provedeno istraživanje je pokazalo kako kombinirani tretman Bobath metodom i robotskim ureĎajem Lokomat daje pozitivne rezultate u rehabilitaciji brzine hoda i sposobnosti održavanja ravnoteže što rezultira prevencijom pada kod pacijenta s nepotpunom ozljedom kralježnične moždine. Možemo kazati da je kombinacija navedenih metoda imala pozitivan utjecaj na smanjenje spastičnosti koje je rezultiralo povećanjem brzine hoda, ali zbog relativno malog uzorka nije potvrĎena statistička značajnost rezultata. Kombinirani tretman Bobath metodom i Lokomatom nije pokazao statističku značajnost koja bi potvrdila da smanjenje spastičnosti donjih ekstremiteta značajno utječe na smanjenje rizika od pada kod pacijenta s nepotpunom ozljedom kralježnične moždine.Spinal cord injury can be caused by traumatic and non-traumatic (inflammation, tumor processes) factors, and injuries can be complete or incomplete.After damage to the spinal cord, a cascade of destructive processes occurs, which later manifests itself in various motor and sensory outbursts. Incomplete damage causes partial motor and sensory impairments. A secondary consequence of neuromotor outbursts is the appearance of spasticity in various muscle groups. One of the main goals of a patient with a spinal cord injury is the return of walking function. The sensorimotor deficit that occurs after an injury can manifest as paresis or plegia. In incomplete injuries, Lokomat can improve walking speed, muscle strength, range of motion and mobility. The Bobath concept is a neurofacilitation method used in the rehabilitation of patients with neurological deficits. The aim of this study is to investigate how spasticity affects walking speed and reducing the risk of falling in patients with spinal cord injury. Subjects will undergo neurofacilitation treatment in combination with a robotic device for the lower extremities. The conducted research showed that the combined treatment with the Bobath method and the Lokomat robotic device gives positive results in the rehabilitation of walking speed and the ability to maintain balance, resulting in the prevention of falls in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury. We can say that the combination of the mentioned methods had a positive impact on the reduction of spasticity, which resulted in an increase in walking speed, but due to the relatively small sample, the statistical significance of the results was not confirmed. The combined treatment with the Bobath method and the Lokomat did not show statistical significance, which would confirm that the reduction of spasticity of the lower extremities significantly affects the reduction of the risk of falling in a patient with an incomplete spinal cord injury
THE EFFECTS OF NEUROREHABILITATION ON THE FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY OF PATIENTS AFTER STROKE
No full textNeurorehabilitacija predstavlja suštinski dio procesa oporavka nakon cerebrovaskularnog inzulta poznatijeg kao moždani udar, pružajući strukturirani, multidisciplinarni pristup usmjeren na obnovu izgubljenih funkcija i poboljšanje kvalitete života pacijenata. Koristimo se kompleksnim terapijskim procesom koji obuhvaća niz strategija i tehnika usmjerenih na poticanje neuroplastičnosti mozga, što omogućuje prilagodbu preostalih neuronskih veza kako bi se nadoknadila oštećenja uzrokovana moždanim udarom. U tom kontekstu, kontinuirana procjena funkcionalnog statusa pacijenata ključna je za prilagodbu terapije tijekom različitih faza oporavka. U akutnoj fazi, naglasak je na stabilizaciji vitalnih funkcija i prevenciji sekundarnih komplikacija, dok se u subakutnoj i kroničnoj fazi fokusira na postizanje maksimalnog funkcionalnog oporavka. Integracija različitih terapijskih modaliteta, uključujući fizikalnu terapiju, logopediju, radnu terapiju i neuropsihološku rehabilitaciju, omogućuje holistički pristup liječenju koji je prilagođen individualnim potrebama svakog pacijenta. Važnost praćenja i dokumentiranja napretka pacijenata ne može se podcijeniti, a korištenje standardiziranih alata kao što su International Functional Independence Measure (IFN) i National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) omogućuje objektivnu procjenu funkcionalnog statusa i efikasnosti terapije.Neurorehabilitation is an essential part of the recovery process after a cerebrovascular insult known as a stroke, providing a structured, multidisciplinary approach aimed at restoring lost functions and improving patients' quality of life. We use a complex therapeutic process that includes a series of strategies and techniques aimed at stimulating the neuroplasticity of the brain, which allows the adaptation of the remaining neural connections to compensate for the damage caused by the stroke. In this context, the continuous evaluation of the patients' functional status is essential to adjust the therapy during the different phases of recovery. In the acute phase, the emphasis is on stabilizing vital functions and preventing secondary complications, while in the subacute and chronic phase, the focus is on achieving maximum functional recovery. The integration of different therapeutic modalities, including physical therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy and neuropsychological rehabilitation, allows for a holistic approach to treatment that is tailored to the individual needs of each patient. The importance of monitoring and documenting patient progress cannot be underestimated, and the use of standardized tools such as the International Functional Independence The measure (IFN) and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) enable an objective assessment of the functional status and effectiveness of therapy
THE POSITIVE EFFECTS OF SPORT ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
No full textCilj ovog rada je proučavanjem dostupne literature utvrditi kako i na koji način sport i tjelesna aktivnost doprinose poboljšanju kvalitete života osoba s invaliditetom. Sport ima vrlo važnu ulogu u životu pojedinca od djetinjstva do starosti. Sport treba uključivati u svakodnevicu djeteta od njegovih prvih koraka. Uključivanje u sport utječe na razvoj djeteta te sami odgoj i socijalizaciju s vršnjacima. Provođenje vremena u prirodi, a istovremeno i igranje raznih igara kojim se pokušava potaknuti kretanje djeteta također treba uvoditi u rutinu kako bi djeca to shvatila i prihvatila kao normalan način života. Kako je sport bitan za zdrave osobe, tako i za osobe s invaliditetom. Sport za osobe s invaliditetom počeo se prepoznavati u svijetu početkom 20. stoljeća. Prve Međunarodne igre gluhih održane su 1924. godine. Osobe s invaliditetom mogu se općenito razvrstati u 4 skupine: osobe s tjelesnim invaliditetom, osobe s oštećenjem vida, osobe s oštećenjem sluha te osobe s mentalnom retardacijom. Brojna istraživanja su pokazatelji da je sport najbolji lijek, pridonosi očuvanju općeg zdravlja, kostiju, mišića, mozga, kardiovaskularnog sustava, prevenciji pretilosti, dijabetesa, moždanog udara te mnogih drugih bolesti bi potencijalno mogle dovesti čak i do smrti. Kod osoba s invaliditetom sport je iznimno bitan za njihovo psihofizičko zdravlje. Kako bi se njihovo funkcioniranje u društvu dovelo na dostojnu razinu bitno ih je uključiti u što više sportskih događaja jer se tako druže s ljudima i osjećaju se ravnopravnim članovima zajednice. Osim brojih blagodati za zdravlje koje im bavljenje tjelesnom aktivnošću nudi također se njihov život u svakom smislu popravlja kada su okruženi ljudima s istim problemima te iste mogu s nekim podjeliti. Nažalost brojna istraživanja koja su napravljena na ovu temu donose nezavidne rezultate kako se vrlo mali broj osoba s invaliditetom bavi sportom. Potrebno je osvijestiti ljude na pozitivne strane i potaknuti ih u neku od aktivnosti.The aim of this graduation thesis is to determine, by studying the available literature, how and in what way sports and physical activity contribute to improving the quality of life of people with disabilities. Sport plays a very important role in an individual's life from childhood to old age. Sports should be included in a child's everyday life from his first steps. Involvement in sports affects the child's development as well as their upbringing and socialization with peers. Spending time in nature and at the same time playing various games that try to stimulate the child's movement should also be introduced into the routine so that the children understand and accept it as a normal way of life. Just as sport is important for healthy people, it is also important for people with disabilities. Sports for people with disabilities began to be recognized in the world at the beginning of the 20th century. The first International Deaf Games were held in 1924. People with disabilities can generally be classified into 4 groups: people with physical disabilities, people with visual impairments, people with hearing impairments and people with mental retardation. Numerous studies are indicators that sport is the best medicine, it contributes to the preservation of general health, bones, muscles, brain, cardiovascular system, prevention of obesity, diabetes, stroke and many other diseases that could potentially even lead to death. For people with disabilities, sport is extremely important for their psychophysical health. In order to bring their functioning in society to a decent level, it is important to include them in as many sports events as possible, because this way they socialize with people and feel like equal members of the community. In addition to the numerous health benefits that physical activity offers them, their lives also improve in every sense when they are surrounded by people with the same problems and can share them with someone. Unfortunately, numerous researches that have been done on this topic bring unenviable results that very few people with disabilities play sports. It is necessary to make people aware of the positive aspects and encourage them in some of the activities
DISORDERS RELATED TO STRESS
No full textU suvremenom svijetu stres je sve rašireniji problem i neizbježan je dio čovjekovog života. Njegovi učinci na mentalno i fizičko zdravlje postaju sveprisutni u današnjem ubrzanom društvu. Stres predstavlja fizičke i emocionalne reakcije koje prati osjećaj preopterećenosti i koje nastaju kao reakcija na određene događaje. Tri glavna izvora stresa su: svakodnevne neugodnosti, životne promjene te traumatski događaji. Svaka osoba će reagirati drugačije na stresnu situaciju, kod jedne osobe će ta situacija izazvati iznimno visoku razinu stresa, dok će za drugu osobu takva situacija možda biti naporna i frustrirajuća, ali joj neće izazivati stres. Postoje razni poremećaji koje stres može uzrokovati s naglaskom na posttraumatski stresni poremećaj i akutni stresni poremećaj. Posttraumatski stresni poremećaj (PTSP) je mentalni poremećaj koji se razvija kao odgovor na izloženost intenzivnim i traumatičnim događajima. Osobe koje su bile izložene nekom obliku nasilja, ratnim sukobima, seksualnom zlostavljanju i slično često su podložne razvoju PTSP-a. Simptomi se obično pojavljuju nakon nekog vremena od proživljene traume, no mogu se manifestirati i godinama kasnije. Akutni stresni poremećaj je kratkotrajni poremećaj koji se može pojaviti nakon izlaganja jednom ili više traumatičnih događaja. Ima slične karakteristike kao posttraumatski stresni poremećaj, no razlikuje se po trajanju simptoma. Simptomi se obično pojavljuju unutar četiri tjedna, a traju između tri dana do četiri tjedna. Liječenje poremećaja uzrokovanih stresom uključuje niz terapijskih pristupa s ciljem ublažavanja simptoma, poboljšanja kvalitete života te promicanja dugoročnog mentalnog zdravlja. Važan je individualni pristup svakom pacijentu, uzimajući u obzir specifične okolnosti i karakteristike poremećaja uzrokovanim stresom. Neki od pristupa u liječenju koji se koriste su: kognitivno-bihevioralna terapija, farmakoterapija, edukacija i samopomoć te je iznimno važna podrška bliske okoline.In the modern world, stress is an increasingly widespread problem and is an inevitable part of human life. Its effects on mental and physical health are becoming ubiquitous in today's fast-paced society. Stress represents physical and emotional reactions that are accompanied by a feeling of being overwhelmed and that arise as a reaction to certain events. The three main sources of stress are: everyday inconveniences, life changes and traumatic events. Each person will react differently to a stressful situation, for one person this situation will cause an extremely high level of stress, while for another person such a situation may be tiring and frustrating, but it will not cause them stress. There are various disorders that stress can cause with an emphasis on post-traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder that develops in response to exposure to intense and traumatic events. People who have been exposed to some form of violence, war conflicts, sexual abuse and the like are often susceptible to the development of PTSD. Symptoms usually appear some time after the experienced trauma, but they can also manifest years later. Acute stress disorder is a short-term disorder that can appear after exposure to one or more traumatic events. It has similar characteristics to post-traumatic stress disorder, but differs in the duration of the symptoms. Symptoms usually appear within four weeks and last between three days and four weeks. Treatment of stress-related disorders includes a range of therapeutic approaches aimed at alleviating symptoms, improving quality of life and promoting long-term mental health. An individual approach to each patient is important, taking into account the specific circumstances and characteristics of stress-induced disorders. Some of the treatment approaches that are used are: cognitive-behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, education and self-help, and the support of the close environment is extremely important
A PHILOSOPHICAL REVIEW OF THE ETHICAL ELEMENTS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY THROUGH THE VIEW OF THE ARCHETYPE "THE WOUNDED HEALER"
No full textEtika fizioterapije sadržana u etičkim kodeksima fizioterapije naglašava važnost kontinuiranog profesionalnog usavršavanja, suradnje s ostalim zdravstvenim profesionalcima, primjene holističkog pristupa u radu s pacijentima, razumijevanja vlastitog jastva i odabrane životne uloge fizioterapeuta. Etička načela trebaju biti utjelovljena u terapijski rad i biti dio terapijskih odgovornosti fizioterapeuta prema njegovoj struci i odnosa prema drugima, osobito s etičkim načelima kao što su autonomija pacijenata, profesionalna odgovornost, integritet i empatija.
U radu se prezentira analiza ključnih filozofskih koncepta poput arhetipa „ranjeni iscjelitelj“, konstrukt koji je prvi predstavio Carl Gustav Jung, ali čije temelje nalazimo u grčkoj mitologiji, dok je kasnije taj konstrukt razradio Friedrich Nietzsche. Elementi ovog konstrukta važni su za razumijevanje etičkih načela koje treba slijediti u fizioterapiji te stoga ovaj rad pruža dublje razumijevanje fizioterapije kao medicinskog zvanja te ističe nužnost integracije etičkih i humanističkih vrijednosti u praksu fizioterapeuta radi postizanja optimalnih ishoda za pacijente i unaprjeđenja zdravstvene skrbi.
Zaključno, ovaj stručni filozofski osvrt pruža dublje razumijevanje fizioterapije kao medicinskog zvanja te ističe nužnost integracije etičkih i humanističkih vrijednosti u praksu fizioterapeuta radi postizanja optimalnih ishoda za pacijente i unaprjeđenja zdravstvene skrbiThe ethics of physiotherapy contained in the ethical codes of physiotherapy emphasize the importance of continuous professional development, cooperation with other health professionals, the application of a holistic approach in working with patients, understanding one's own self and the chosen life role of a physiotherapist. Ethical principles should be embodied in therapeutic work and be part of the physiotherapist's therapeutic responsibilities towards his profession and relationships with others, especially with ethical principles such as patient autonomy, professional responsibility, integrity and empathy.
The paper presents an analysis of key philosophical concepts such as the "wounded healer" archetype, a construct that was first presented by Carl Gustav Jung, but whose foundations can be found in Greek mythology, while Friedrich Nietzsche elaborated this construct later. The elements of this construct are important for understanding the ethical principles that should be followed in physiotherapy, and therefore this paper provides a deeper understanding of physiotherapy as a medical profession and highlights the necessity of integrating ethical and humanistic values into the practice of physiotherapists in order to achieve optimal outcomes for patients and improve health care.
In conclusion, this professional philosophical review provides a deeper understanding of physiotherapy as a medical profession and highlights the necessity of integrating ethical and humanistic values into the practice of physiotherapists in order to achieve optimal outcomes for patients and improve health car
PHYSIOTHERAPY PROCEDURES AFTER FRACTURES OF THE RADIUS AT A TYPICAL SITE
Get PDFPrijelom radiusa na tipičnom mjestu sve je češća ozljeda koja nastaje u djece i starijih osoba. Uzrok je pad na ispruženu ruku. Nastankom prijeloma slijedi postavljanje dijagnoze i početak liječenja. Ovisno o težini prijeloma odabire se konzervativno ili kirurško liječenje. Prije provedbe fizikalne terapije bitno je ustanoviti trenutno stanje bolesnika i postaviti ciljeve. Zatim slijedi fizikalna terapija koja ima za cilj vratiti stanje osobe kakvo je bilo prije ozljede. Fizioterapeut ima vrlo važnu ulogu u fizikalnoj terapiji, osim što će je provoditi, bitna je i njegova uloga kao edukatora. Uz bolesnika bitna je i edukacija njegove obitelji. Provedbom fizikalne terapije dolazi do smanjena boli, povećanja mišićne snage i opsega pokreta te sprječavanje nastanka komplikacija. Cilj je vraćanje funkcije šake i omogućavanje provedbe svakodnevnih aktivnosti. Nakon odlaska bolesnika kući bitno je nastaviti provoditi sve naučeno.The fracture of the radius in a typical location is an in increasingly common injury that occurs in children and the elderly. The cause is a fall on an outstretched arm. The occurrence of a fracture id followed by a diagnosis and the start of treatment. Depending on the severity of the fracture, conservative or surgical treatment is chosen. Before implementing physical therapy, it is important to establish the patient’s current condition and set goals. This is followed by physical therapy, which aims to restore the person’s condition to what it was before the injury. The physiotherapist has a very important role in physical therapy, apart from conducting it, his role as an educator is also important. Along with the patient, the education of his family is also important. Physical therapy reduces pain, increases muscle strength and range of motion, and prevents complications. The goal is to restore the function of the hand and enable the implementation of daily activities. After the patient goes home, it is important to continue to implement everything learned
APPLICATION OF THE SCHROTH METHOD IN SCOLIOSIS - case report
No full textSkolioza je bočna zakrivljenost kralješnice koja se najčešće dijagnosticira u adolescenata. Iako je uzrok skolioze u većini slučajeva nepoznat, ona se može pojaviti i kod ljudi sa stanjima poput cerebralne paralize i mišićne distrofije. Većina dječjih skolioza je blaga i ne zahtijeva liječenje, ali u slučajevima ozbiljnije zakrivljenosti može doći do progresije pogoršanja što može ograničavati funkciju pluća zbog smanjenog prostora u prsnom košu. Praćenje djece s blagom skoliozom obično se provodi rendgenskim snimkama kako bi se pratilo pogoršava li se zakrivljenost kralješnice. Liječenje uključuje nošenje ortoze zbog sprječavanja progresije pogoršanja zakrivljenosti, dok u težim slučajevima može biti potrebna operacija.
Fizioterapijski pristup liječenju skolioze često uključuje kombinaciju Schroth metode i nošenja ortoze. Schroth metoda je nekirurška opcija koja koristi 3D vježbe i gimnastičke vježbe prilagođene svakom pacijentu s ciljem vraćanja kralješnice u prirodniji položaj. Vježbe su usmjerene na derotaciju, izduživanje i stabilizaciju kralješnice, vraćanje mišićne simetrije, poravnanje držanja, disanje u konkavnu stranu tijela te učenje svjesnosti vlastitog držanja. Ortoze su tehnička pomagala izrađena individualno za svakog pacijenta s ciljem ispravljanja kralješnice i kontrole lokomotornih funkcija.
Cilj ovog istraživanja jest prikazati slučaj skolioze i načine njezina tretiranja te ispitati učinkovitost rehabilitacijskih metoda. Rad će obuhvatiti analizu patologije kralješnice i pristupa liječenju pacijenata te će procijeniti učinkovitost ortoza i Schroth metode u liječenju skolioze.Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine that is most often diagnosed in adolescents. Although the cause of scoliosis is unknown in most cases, it can also occur in people with conditions such as cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy. Most children's scoliosis is mild and does not require treatment, but in cases of more severe curvature, there can be a progression of deterioration that can limit lung function due to reduced chest space. Children with mild scoliosis are usually followed up with x-rays to see if the curvature of the spine is getting worse. Treatment involves wearing an orthosis to prevent the progression of the worsening of the curvature, while in more severe cases surgery may be required.
Physiotherapy approach to the treatment of scoliosis often includes a combination of the Schroth method and wearing an orthosis. The Schroth method is a non-surgical option that uses 3D exercises and gymnastic exercises adapted to each patient with the aim of returning the spine to a more natural position. The exercises are aimed at derotation, lengthening and stabilizing the spine, restoring muscle symmetry, aligning the posture, breathing into the concave side of the body, and learning to be aware of one's own posture. Orthoses are technical aids made individually for each patient with the aim of straightening the spine and controlling locomotor functions.
The aim of this research is to present a case of scoliosis and ways of treating it, and to examine the effectiveness of rehabilitation methods. The paper will include an analysis of spine pathology and approaches to treating patients, and will evaluate the effectiveness of orthoses and the Schroth method in the treatment of scoliosis
Sports massage and the recovery of athletes
Get PDFMasaža je manipulacija tjelesnih tkiva pomoću tehnika kao što su glađenje, trljanje, valjanje i lupkanje u svrhu održavanja zdravlja. To je jedna od najstarijih i najprirodnijih ljekovitih primjena u ljudskoj povijesti. Povijest masaže seže u davna vremena. Najranije pisano znanje o masaži, koja je jedan od najstarijih postupaka liječenja čovječanstva, može se naći u kineskim resursima. Kinezi su najranije započeli koristiti masažu za liječenje bolesti i održavanje zdravlja prije otprilike 5000 godina. Gotovo da ne postoji razlika između klasične medicinske i sportske masaže; imaju gotovo identično fiziološko djelovanje, ali energičnost sportske masaže ima bolji utjecaj na jake i hipertrofične mišiće sportaša. Masaža je osmišljena tako da se omekšavaju i zagrijavaju tkiva, te poravnavaju mišićna vlakna, što omogućava brže izbacivanje mliječne kiseline iz mišića. Sportska masaža koristi se u tretmanu posebnih mišićnih skupina koje su aktivne u pojedinom sportu. Npr.kod biciklista, masaža prije treninga potiče bolje zagrijavanje mišića nogu, koji služe kao glavni pokretači tijekom vožnje. Sportska masaža je sveprisutna u elitnom sportu i sve je češća u dobnim skupinama i na amaterskoj razini, stvarajući industriju profesionalnih terapeuta i uređaja za masažu vrijednu više milijuna funti. Kao najveće prednosti sportske masaže smatraju se poboljšani oporavak, izvedba i prevencija ozljeda. Kod vrhunskih sportaša, brza i učinkovita regeneracija je glavni predmet svih trenažnih procesa, a masaža je postala neizostavni dio terapije svakog sportaša. Zanimanje za sportsku masažu u posljednje je vrijeme u stalnom porastu, osobito u zemljama u razvoju. Određene studije su pokazale da liječnici opće prakse imaju minimalno ili nimalo znanja o terapiji sportskom masažom. Primarni cilj ovog rada je utvrditi na koji način sportska masaža utječe na oporavak sportaša. Sekundarni cilj je prezentirati najnovije spoznaje iz područja primjene sportske masaže u oporavku sportaša zainteresiranoj javnosti.Massage is the manipulation of body tissues using techniques such as effleurage, friction, rolling and tapping for the purpose of maintaining health. It is one of the oldest and most natural medicinal applications in human history. The history of massage goes back to ancient times. The earliest written knowledge of massage, which is one of humanity's oldest treatment procedures, can be found in Chinese resources. The Chinese at the earliest began using massage to treat diseases and maintain health about 5,000 years ago. There is almost no difference between classical medical and sports massage; they have almost identical physiological action, but the hustle of sports massage has a better effect on the strong and hypertrophic muscles of athletes. Massage is designed to soften and warm tissues, and align muscle fibers, which allows faster expulsion of lactic acid from the muscles. Sports massage is used in the treatment of special muscle groups that are active in a particular sport. For example, in cyclists, pre-workout massage promotes better warm-up of the leg muscles, which serve as the main drivers while riding. Sports massage is ubiquitous in elite sport and is increasingly common in age groups and at the amateur level, creating an industry of professional therapists and massage devices worth millions of pounds. The greatest benefits of sports massage are improved recovery, performance and injury prevention. In top athletes, fast and effective regeneration is the main subject of all training processes, and massage has become an indispensable part of the therapy of every athlete. Interest in sports massage has been steadily increasing lately, especially in developing countries. Certain studies have shown that GPs have minimal or no knowledge of sports massage therapy. The primary goal of this paper is to determine how sports massage affects the recovery of athletes. The secondary goal is to present the latest findings in the field of sports massage in the recovery of athletes to the interested public
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF ELDERLY PEOPLE
No full textStarenje je normalna faza u životnom ciklusu svakog od nas. Označava progresivni gubitak
stanične regulacije zbog kojeg se smanjuje interakcija između tkiva i organa. Tim procesom
postupno nastaju brojne promjene u ponašanju ljudi, morfološkoj i fiziološkoj organizaciji
organizma. Kao granica početka starosti uzima se dob od 65 godina i nju je odredila Svjetska
zdravstvena organizacija. Vrlo je važno razlikovati da starost i bolest nisu sinonimi te da stariji
čovjek nije nužno bolestan čovjek iako se događaju određene promjene.
Promjene koje prate starenje događaju se na koži, kostima, zglobovima, mišićima, dolazi do
promjena posture. Dolazi i do pojave određenih bolesti koje su karakteristične za stariju dob:
pretilost, dijabetes, krvni tlak, osteoporoza, tumori, ateroskleroza. U svemu tome bitna je
tjelesna aktivnost kod starijih osoba kako bi se očuvalo zdravlje te za prevenciju i liječenje
raznih bolesti.
Kod starijih osoba važno je provoditi aktivan život te pronalaziti interese kojima će zamijeniti
rad. Tjelesna aktivnost im pomaže u očuvanju zdravlja i prevenciji bolesti, socijalnoj interakciji
i lakšem otpuštanju stresa. Neke od aktivnosti u koje se mogu uključiti starije osobe su:
rekreativna tjelovježba, nordijsko hodanje, hidroterapija, plesne aktivnosti. Cilj ovog rada je
prikazati važnost tjelesne aktivnosti kod starijih osoba.Aging is a normal phase in the life cycle of each of us. It indicates a progressive loss of cellular
regulation due to which the interaction between tissues and organs is reduced. This process
gradually creates numerous changes in the behavior of people and the morphological and
physiological organization of the organism. The age of 65 is taken as the limit of the beginning
of old age and it was determined by the World health organization. It is very important to
distinguish that old age and illness are not synonymous, and that an elderly person is not
necessarily a sick person, although certain changes occur.
Changes accompanying aging occur in the skin, bones, joints, muscles, posture changes. There
is also the appearance of certain diseases that are characteristic of old age: obesity, diabetes,
blood pressure, osteoporosis, tumors, atherosclerosis. In all of this, physical activity is
important for the elderly in order to preserve health and for the prevention and treatment of
various diseases.
It is important for the elderly to lead an active life and find interests to replace work. Physical
activity helps them to maintain health and prevent disease, social interaction and easier release
of stress. Some of the activities that elderly people can participate in are: recreational exercise,
nordic walking, hydrotherapy, dance activities. The aim of this paper is to show the importance
of physical activity in the elderly