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HRM method for identification of TP53 exon 5 and 8 mutations in human prostate cancer patients
No full textBackground: The purpose of the present study was to perform a high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis to discover mutations in gene exons 5-8 of tumor protein p53 (TP53), as well as the relationships of these mutations to clinical parameters in prostate cancer (PC).& nbsp;Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 50 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues with PC. Mutations in exons 5 and 8 of TP53 were analyzed using the HRM method. Sanger sequencing was used to describe mutations.& nbsp;Results: According to the HRM analysis results, 21 (42%) PC samples had different normalized and shifted melting curves from other samples. Mutations in TP53 exons 5 and8 were observed in 12 (24%) patients by the Sanger method. The detection sensitivity of the HRM method in exon 5 and exon 8 mutations was 66.7% and 50%, respectively. PSA levels of PC patients with TP53 mutation were found to be lower than that of patients with no mutation (p = 0.8270). However, we did not find any correlations between TP53 mutations and clinical parameters (p > 0.05).& nbsp;Conclusions: HRM analysis is a simple, rapid, and efficient mutation-scanning method for known/unknown mutations in TP53 exons 5and8, as well as an attractive method for detection of mutations and their analysis in FFPE tissues. Additional studies with larger patient populations are warranted to confirm the correlation between the TP53 mutations and PC risk
Original contribution: sleeve gastrectomy reduces soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1) levels in patients with morbid obesity
No full textBackground Early diagnosis of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with morbid obesity is important. We investigated the effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on serum soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1), oxidized LDL (oxLDL), and other metabolic and inflammatory parameters associated with atherosclerosis in patients with morbid obesity. Methods Body mass index (BMI) measurements and assays of metabolic and inflammatory markers were taken in patients in an SG surgery group and a healthy control group and compared at baseline and 12 months after SG. Correlations with changes in these parameters and variations in sLOX-1 were analyzed. Results Metabolic and inflammatory marker values in the surgery (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups were significantly different at baseline (p < 0.001). The majority of surgery group biomarker levels significantly decreased with mean BMI loss (- 11.8 +/- 9.0, p < 0.001) at 12 months, trending toward control group values. Baseline albumin level as well as percentage reductions in oxLDL and the cholesterol retention fraction (CRF) were found to be significantly correlated with percentage reduction in sLOX-1 at 12 months following SG. Conclusion Metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers elevated at baseline significantly decreased after SG weight loss. Weight loss induced by SG may limit endothelial damage by reducing levels of oxLDL and LOX-1 as assessed by sLOX-1. These findings suggest that sLOX-1 may function as a marker of atherosclerotic disease states in patients with morbid obesity and that metabolic/bariatric surgery can play a meaningful role in CVD prevention
For intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures, talon fixation is helpful to cope with the troublesome distal locking, but conventional distal locking with screws offers a more stable construct. Talon femoral nail versus conventional femoral nail
Get PDFBACKGROUND: A novel-design femoral nail (FN) with distal talon deployment (Talon-FN) has emerged in the market to cope with
problematic distal locking. We aimed to compare the radiological and functional outcomes of the Talon-FN with a conventional FN
(Con-FN) for the treatment of femoral shaft fracture (FSFs).
METHODS: This retrospective study included 85 patients (57 men, 28 women; mean age: 46.8±23.9 years) with FSFs (AO types 32-A
and B) who were treated with FNs (Talon-FN: 41, Con-FN: 44) during October 2014–2018. Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome
Score Physical Function Shortform, Hip injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Shortform, Short musculoskeletal
function assessment bother and dysfunction indexes were used for functional assessment.
RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 25.8±6.7 months. The complication rates were 19.6% and 20.5% for Talon-FN and Con-FN,
respectively (p=0.92). Malunion was the most common complication for each FN type (Talon-FN: 9.8%, Con-FN: 9.1%). All of the
Talon-FN group’s malunions were axial (shortening and malrotation) and happened gradually. In contrast, the Con-FN group’s malunions were angular (varus and valgus) and caused by initial malreduction. The Talon-FN group’s two patients with shortening (4.9%) had
AO 32-B type fractures, and the other two with malrotation (4.9%) had AO 32-A3 type fractures, all of four fractures were localized
distal to the femoral isthmus. The post-operative functional outcomes were similar between the groups (all p>0.05). The mean operation/fluoroscopy time and the mean blood loss were lower in the Talon-FN group, while the mean union time was shorter in the
Con-FN group (all p<0.01). No nonunion was noted in either group. The reoperation rates were similar at approximately 5% (p=0.95).
CONCLUSION: Our study results revealed that the Talon-FN shortens the operation/fluoroscopy time and decreases the intraoperative blood loss with similar functional outcomes. However, the Con-FN seems to offer a more stable construct against axial
malunion with a shorter bone union time. The Talon-FN should not be used in FSFs distal to the femoral isthmus with certain types
of fractures prone to shortening and malrotation
Cerrahi Yoğun Bakımlarda Santral Kateter İlişkili Kan Dolaşımı Enfeksiyonunu Önlemede Bakım Paketi Yaklaşımının Etkisi
Get PDFObjective: Healthcare-associated infections (HAI), which pose a significant risk to patient safety, are one of the most frequent complications that inpatients encounter. The growing concern about HAI urged the development of evidence-based guidelines for prevention. This study aimed to determine the impact of care bundle approach in preventing central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in surgical intensive care units.Materials and Methods: This semiexperimental controlled study included 163 subjects (83 patients and 80 controls) who were admitted to surgical intensive care units between September 2017 and October 2018, had a central venous catheter (CVC), and met the inclusion criteria. For CVC care, care bundle recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was applied to the study group.Results: In 23.3% of patients, signs and symptoms of hospital infections were observed. Moreover, 25.2% of catheter tip cultures were positive, and the most frequently isolated microorganism was Staphylococcus epidermidis (58.5%). Patients were evaluated according to the diagnostic criteria for CLABSI. Further, CLABSI was not observed in the intervention group but was diagnosed in 10% (n=8) of the patients in the control group.Conclusion: Care bundle approach is effective in preventing CLABSI
Besinlerdeki Endokrin Bozucular
Get PDFHormon sistemleri olarak da adlandırılan endokrin sistem, tüm memelilerde, kuşlarda, balıklarda ve diğer
birçok canlı organizmada bulunmaktadır. İç salgı bezleri, bu bezler tarafından üretilen hormonlar, hormonların hedef organları ve dokulardaki reseptörler bu sistemde yer almaktadır. Hipotalamus-hipofiz, tiroid,
paratiroid bezi, böbrek üstü, gonadlar-cinsiyet bezleri ve pankreas endokrin sistemde yer alan bezlerdir.
Endokrin bozucular, endokrin sisteminin hormon yapısını veya reseptörünü taklit gibi birçok etki mekanizması ile çevre ve insan sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bugüne kadar Avrupa Komisyonu 535
adet endokrin bozucu saptayarak raporunda bildirmiştir. Beslenme olmadan yaşamı sürdürmek mümkün
olmadığı için besinlerdeki endokrin bozuculara her gün maruz kalınmaktadır. Konserveler, plastikler, besine uygulanan işlemler, çevresel kirlilik gibi birçok etkenlerle endokrin bozucular besinlere bulaşmaktadır. Besinlerde bulunan temel endokrin bozucular; bisfenol A, fitalatlar, fitoöstrojenler, pestisitler ve
ağır metallerdir. Endokrin bozucuların çoğunun hastalık mekanizmaları henüz bildirilmemiştir. Hastalık
mekanizmaları belirlenenmiş endokrin bozucuların hepsinde farklı mekanizmalar gözlenmektedir. Bu derlemede besinlerdeki endokrin bozucular, tolere edilebilir alım miktarları, besinlerin içerisindeki miktarlar
ve bu endokrin bozucuların hastalık yapıcı etkilerinden bahsedilecektir.The endocrine system, also calls the hormonal systems, present in all mammals, birds, fishes, and many other alive
organisms. Endocrine glands, hormones produced by these glands, target organs of hormones and receptors in
tissues are located in this system. The hypothalamus-pituitary glands, thyroid, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands,
gonads-sex glands and pancreas are the glands in the endocrine system. Endocrine disruptors affect the environment
and human health negatively with many effect mechanisms such as imitating the hormone structure or receptor of
the endocrine system. Until today, the European Commission has identified 535 endocrine disruptors and reported in
its report. It is not possible to sustain life without nutrition, we are exposed to endocrine disruptors in food every day.
Endocrine disruptors are transmitted to foods by many factors such as canned food, plastics, food processing and
environmental pollution. Basic endocrine disruptors in foods; bisphenol A, phthalates, phytoestrogens, pesticides and
heavy metals. Disease mechanisms of most endocrine disruptors have not yet been reported. Disease mechanisms
identified endocrine disruptors are different mechanisms have been determined. In this review, endocrine disruptors
in foods, tolerable intake amounts, amounts in foods and the disease-causing effects of these endocrine disruptors
will be mentioned
Prognostic value of HPV DNA in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Preliminary Report of 2-Year Follow-up Results
No full textPurpose: The association between the human papillomavirus (HPV) and anogenital carcinomas is well established. However, despite its anatomic adjacency, the relationship between HPV and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) is less clear. Recent meta-analysis and case-control studies demonstrated a significant relationship between the presence of HPV DNA and UCB. The aim of this clinical study was to compare the 2-year follow-up results of HPV-positive and HPV-negative UCB patients to evaluate the prognostic value of HPV DNA positivity in UCB.
Methods: The study included patients with stage pTa and pT1 UCB who underwent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of HPV DNA between January 1 and November 30, 2018. Based on their PCR results, 19 HPV-positive and 38 HPV-negative UCB patients who had regular follow-up in our clinic were evaluated in terms of tumor recurrence and disease progression over a 2-year follow-up period.
Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, follow-up time, smoking, or tumor grade (P =.576, P =.368, P =.080, and P =.454). Tumor recurrence was observed at least once in 47.3% (n=9) of the 19 HPV-positive patients and 36.8% (n=14) of the 38 HPV-negative patients (P =.445). There was no difference in disease progression between the groups during follow-up.
Conclusion: In our sample of UCB patients, the presence of HPV DNA was associated with a trend toward higher recurrence rate during the 2-year follow-up, though the difference was not statistically significant. No difference in disease progression was observed based on HPV DNA positivity
Circulating mir-132, mir-146a, mir-222, and mir-320 expression in differential diagnosis of women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Get PDFPurpose. The aim of the study was to investigate
whether the circulating miR-132, miR-146a, miR-222, and
miR-320 levels are used in the differential diagnosis of
women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy
women.
Methods. This prospective case-control study
included 50 women with PCOS and age- and body mass
index- matched 50 healthy controls. The hormone and lipid
profiles, levels of microRNAs (miRNAs), and parameters of
carbohydrate metabolism were measured.
Results. Expression levels of miRNAs were
assessed using the two-step quantitative real-time polymerase
chain reaction. Circulating miR-132, miR-146a and miR222 levels were significantly downregulated in the PCOS
group compared with the control group. The miR-320 levels
did not differ between the two groups. Free testosterone was
negatively correlated with miR-132, miR-146a and miR-222.
Insulin was negatively correlated with miR-132 and miR-146a.
Conclusions. The results of the study revealed
that miRNA expression, may suggest a possible distinction
between healthy women and PCOS patients. miR-132,
miR-146a, and miR-222 may have key functions in the
pathogenesis of PCOS
Compassion levels of surgical and operating room nurses
No full textBACKGROUND: This study was conducted to determine the compassion levels of surgical and operating room nurses. METHODS: The sample of the descriptive/cross-sectional study consisted of 114 surgical and operating room nurses. Research data were collected using a personal information form and a compassion scale. Descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVATest were used in the analysis of the data. RESULTS: Of the nurses participating in the study, 61.4% were between the ages of 26-35, 81.6% were women and 69.3% were undergraduates. It was determined that 43.9% of the nurses worked in the operating room or surgical services for 6 to 10 years and 50% of them worked 41 to 48 hours a week. The mean score of the operating room and surgical nurses from the compassion scale was 95.01±11.55. When the compassion score averages were examined, it was seen that the compassion levels of single nurses (94.66±10.21) were significantly lower than those of married nurses (97.43±12.69) (P<0.05). Nurses with postgraduate education and 0 to 5 years of professional experience had higher levels of compassion (P<0.05). It was determined that as the professional experience of nurses increased, their compassion levels decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, it was determined that the compassion levels of surgical nurses and operating room nurses was high. It was found that high education level, being married and short professional experience affected the compassion level positively
Comparative evaluation of efficiency for gastroileostomy anastomosis in laparoscopic transit bipartition with sleeve gastrectomy between linear and circular staplers
Get PDFIntroduction: The use of Transit Bipartition with Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG + TB) to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes
related to it has been increasing, but there are many challenges related to the procedure. The anastomosis diameter of
gastroileostomy (GI) performed using linear staplers is an important factor affecting the postoperative metabolic status.
Aim: We aimed to compare linear-stapled (LS) and circular-stapled (CS) GI in SG + TB in terms of early and late
perioperative and postoperative status.
Material and methods: This retrospective study included 24 patients who had undergone SG + TB between January
2018 and June 2019 to treat obesity and/or type 2 diabetes. GI was performed using linear staplers in 13 (SG + TB-LS
group) and circular staplers in 11 patients (SG + TB-CS group). Operative time, hospitalization duration, complications, body mass index, haemoglobin A1c, albumin, haemoglobin, etc. were compared between the 2 groups before
and 12 months after the surgery.
Results: The operation time was shorter in the SG + TB-CS group than in the SG + TB-LS group. The surgical treatments were successful in both groups in terms of weight loss and diabetes remission. Although not statistically significant, malnutrition and anaemia were slightly higher in the SG+TB-LS group than in the SG + TB-CS group during
the follow-up process.
Conclusions: Both anastomosis types were found to be safe for SG+TB, and the risks of postoperative complications
were low and comparable in both groups. However, the diameter of the anastomosis should always be the gold standard in the CS technique, while it may be too wide or too narrow in the LS technique
Retrospective Analysis of Biochemical Markers in COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit Patients
Get PDFBackground: The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence and efects of hematological and biological parameters in the diagnosis of the disease by performing blood tests on COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care
unit (ICU).
Results: Biochemical parameters from the blood samples of 279 patients who were confrmed to have COVID-19 and
met the criteria for admission to the ICU were compared between discharged and deceased patients. Multiple logistic
regression analysis was performed in terms of mortality and probability of being discharged. The predictive value of
serum C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), lymphocyte, neutrophil, leucocyte, and platelet (PLT) levels was
evaluated by measuring the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).
Comparisons made according to deceased and survival patients results revealed that while no statistically signifcant
diference was observed between test groups lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratio values, statistically signifcant diference was found between the test groups regarding platelet, leukocyte, neutrophil, PCT, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and thrombocyte count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count (SII) values.
Conclusions: This study showed that biochemical parameters examined are important in determining the prognosis of the disease and may be useful in determining the direction of the treatment process and predicting the risk of
discharge or death after the initial evaluation of the patients in the ICU