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Genişletilmiş Özet Sigarayı bırakmada diyabet hemşirelerinin önemli rolü: Türkiye’den bir örnek çalışma
No full textThis paper discusses the development and implementation of a smoking cessation training program for
diabetes nurse educators. People with diabetes who smoke have a significantly higher risk of morbidity
and mortality. Smoking greatly increases diabetes complications. Surveys were conducted to ascertain how
frequently nurses counseled patients to quit and their interest in cessation training. Observations of nursepatient interactions and interviews with diabetes nurses facilitated the development of a culturally sensitive cessation training program. Survey results revealed that diabetes nurse educators recognized the need
for training in smoking cessation, as many patients with diabetes do not consider smoking to be harmful for their health. A two-day workshop was developed for nurses on the specific harms of smoking for
diabetes patients, including hands-on training in cessation counseling and motivational interviewing. Two
months after training, nurses reported that the skills they acquired gave them confidence to counsel patients
but identified four challenges to conducting cessation in their clinical settings. Diabetes nurse educators
can play a pivotal role in delivering cessation. Training and overcoming challenges to implementation are
urgently needed in the time of coronavirus disease 2019 given the dual risks of diabetes and smoking for
severe complications
The Association between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Levels and Pro-Inflammatory Markers in New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes
No full textIn this study, we aimed to reveal the pro-inflammatory effects of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (Vit D) deficiency and insufficiency in new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes. We recruited 84 prediabetes patients, 94 new-onset T2DM patients and 113 healthy participants. We measured the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, ferritin, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappa B) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the serum of the participants. ANOVA Bonferroni and Kruskal-Wallis Dunn tests were used to compare the inflammation markers and vitamin D levels between the groups. Based on covariance analysis with age, gender and BMI, the Vit D levels of the T2DM group were significantly lower (p < 0.003). Pro-inflammatory markers and CRP were significantly higher in prediabetic and diabetic subjects. In the prediabetes group, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha and MAPK were significantly higher in those with Vit D insufficiency and deficiency groups. In the T2DM group, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B, MAPK and CRP were significantly higher in those with Vit D insufficiency and deficiency. Our study emphasizes the pro-inflammatory effects of Vit D deficiency and insufficiency in new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes
Laparoscopic left hemicolectomy with extracorporeal anastomosis surgical technique: how I do it
Get PDFFirst laparoscopic surgery was done in 1987. Since then, laparoscopic surgery is accepted as a revolution in surgical field. Now minimal invasive surgery is used almost in every surgical specialty. Although robotic surgery is evolving rapidly in the world, cost of robotic surgery is still not optimized. Laparoscopic colon resection is a well-established technique which has become the preferred surgical approach for most patients with colorectal disease. Benefits of laparoscopic colorectal surgery which include faster patient recovery, smaller incisions with better cosmesis, decrease in postoperative pain, early return of bowel function, and shorter hospital stay, and safety in colorectal cancer treatment with similar oncologic outcomes to open surgery have been published in many large series in the literature. Laparoscopic left hemicolectomy is now routinely performed at our center. Several techniques have been described for laparoscopic left hemicolectomy and they vary in terms of colon mobilization approach, blood vasculature control, anastomosis construction technique, and extraction site. In this article, we demonstrate how we are doing laparoscopic left hemicolectomy in a stepwise manner, illustrating key anatomical landmarks in a patient who presented with colon cancer. Our sincere hope is that this video material will provide invaluable information to surgical trainees and young surgeons early in their surgical careers
Neutralization of Wild-Type and Alpha SARS-CoV-2 Variant by CoronaVac® Vaccine and Natural Infection- Induced Antibodies
Get PDFOne of the immune responses desired to be achieved by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is to create neutralizing antibodies (nAbs),
thus preventing the development and spread of infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the seropositivity rate,
anti-spike antibody levels, and neutralizing capacity of these antibodies against wild type (WT) and alpha variants in serum
samples of individuals who had been naturally infected or vaccinated with CoronaVac®. Total anti-spike antibody levels
were determined in all samples. Neutralization assays were performed by the reduction of the cytopathic efect in Vero-E6
cells with infectious WT and alpha SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Although both naturally infected and vaccinated individuals were all seropositive for antispike antibodies, 84.8% of the vaccinated group, and 89.3% of the naturally infected group had detectable nAbs. The nAbs titers were signifcantly higher in
the naturally infected group for both WT and alfa variant of the virus as compared to the vaccinated individuals.
In this study, it was observed that all individuals became seropositive six weeks after exposure to the vaccine or the virus.
Moreover, naturally infected individuals had higher levels of nAbs than those vaccinated. The presence of nAbs against
the alpha variant in both naturally infected and vaccinated individuals suggests that these antibodies may also be protective
against infections, which may be caused by other variants, such as delta and omicron
The Effect of Vincristine on Hypoxic, Apoptotic, and Autophagic Gene Expressions in Gastric Cancer Cells under Hypoxic Conditions
No full textBackground: Apoptosis and autophagy functions are known as death-inducing mechanisms. Vincristine (VCR) is a chemotherapeutic drug that binds with tubulin dimers and induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Furthermore, VCR protects cancer cells from apoptosis, allowing them to enter autophagy. This makes cancer even more aggressive in its latter stages. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of VCR on autophagy and apoptosis in gastric cancer AGS and MKN45 cells under hypoxic conditions.
Method: In this experimental approach, we performed cell culture, cell viability analysis, ribonucleic acid (RNA) isolation, cDNA synthesis, and observation of gene expression levels. Subsequently, the amount of acidic vesicular organelles was investigated with acridine orange staining. Through the use of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we studied the effect of hypoxia and VCR on mRNA levels of hypoxia-related vascular endothelium growth factor(VEGF) and hypoxia inducible factor-1a (HIF-1α), as well as apoptosis-related Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and autophagy-related Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3-II) on AGS and MKN45 cell lines. The optimum VCR concentration was selected via cell viability analysis.
Results: The optimum VCR concentration was selected as 300 nM. VEGF, HIF- 1α, Bax, Bcl-2, and LC3-II mRNA expressions increased by 7.63, 3.34, 2.07, 4.09, and 3.1 folds, respectively, after VCR application to AGS cells under hypoxic conditions compared to the control cells. In MKN45 cells, Bax and LC3-II gene expressions increased by 5.21 and 12.2 folds, respectively, under the same conditions. In addition, the increase in the expression of autophagic LC3-II gene was consistent with acidic vesicular organelle formation.
Conclusion: It was observed that VCR affects hypoxic, apoptotic, and autophagic gene expressions in AGS and MKN45 cells under hypoxic conditions
Does three-dimensional preoperative planning improve accuracy of pedicle screw insertion
No full textAim: To evaluate the superiority of preoperative three-dimensional (3D) CT-based planning over two-dimensio nal (2D) planning in terms of pedicle screw placement accuracy. Materials and methods: In a virtual environment, three surgeons placed pedicle screws in the lumbar region of eight patients in the 2D group after conventional 2D planning. In the 3D group, they placed pedicle screws after 3D CT-based planning. Trajectory angles, distance of the wall breach and distance of the screw entry point deviation were recorded after virtual surgeries. Results: In the 2D group, 69 screws (28.8%) penetrated the pedicle wall and 37 screws (15.5%) penetrated the pedicle wall in the 3D group. Comparing these two groups, preoperative 3D planning showed a significant advantage (P = 0.003). In the 2D group, the mean angle of the screw trajectory preoperatively calculated was 19.65 ?? 6.35??, and the mean angle of the inserted screws was postoperatively measured at 20.79 ?? 5.95??. In the 3D group, the mean angle of the screw trajectory calculated preoperatively was 20.18 ?? 5.67??, and the mean angle of the inserted screws postoperatively was 20.07 ?? 5.85??. The screws were inserted in the similar orientation comparing to preoperative planning in the 3D group (P = 0.655), but a similar orientation could not be obtained postoperatively in the 2D group (P ??? 0.001) for all levels. Conclusion: Preoperative 3D planning improves accuracy by helping determine the pedicle screw entry point and direction
Socio-demographic, Behavioral and Subjective Factors Affecting the Knowledge and Attitudes on Periodontal Health Among Turkish Pregnants
Get PDFObjective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward periodontal health of Turkish women and determine their socio-demographic, behavioral, and subjective factors.Materials and Methods: The sample of cross-sectional study consisted of 407 pregnant. Data on socio-demographic factors, behavioral patterns, pregnancy -related characteristics, self-reported periodontal health, willingness to initiate the periodontal treatment, and dental care referral and advice from a family doctor/gynecologist, the knowledge and attitudes toward periodontal health were collected using a structured questionnaire.Results: Oral health knowledge was associated with education level and self -perception of tooth mobility, whereas oral health attitudes were associated with education level, dental flossing, dental check-up during pregnancy, the absence of self-reported gingival bleeding, gum swelling and redness, and tooth mobility among pregnant women. Having a higher education level, using daily flossing, having a check-up during pregnancy, the absence of self-reported gum bleeding and tooth mobility, having a history of premature birth, having longer periods of gestation, and having greater knowledge are predictors of more positive attitudes. Having a higher education level and having more positive attitudes are the predictors of better knowledge.Conclusion: Most pregnant women have limited knowledge about the effect of periodontal health on birth outcomes; nevertheless, the level of knowledge about the effect of periodontal health on pregnancy is high
Investigation of the effects of total oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity on the prognosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis b
Get PDFObjectives: Experimental studies showed the role of oxidative
stress in cell destruction and DNA damage in chronic viral hepatitis,
In this study, oxidative stress was measured in various clinical
forms of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and the role of oxidative stress
was investigated in the development of hepatitis clinic.
Materials and Methods: In total, 33 patients with inactive hepatitis
B carrier (IHBC), 33 patients with active CHB infection, and 33
healthy adults were included in the study. Serum transaminases
[alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase,
total antioxidant capacity, and total oxidative stress (TOS)] were
measured and compared in the patient groups.
Results: In 99 patients were included in the study (56 men, 43
women). The mean age of patients in CHB was 33.21±10.20,
in IHBC 36.73±11.54, and the control group 33±11.71. The
mean ALT value was 40.93±28.28 U/L in the patients with
CHB and 36.33±28.99 U/L in the patients with IHBC. The TOS
value115.46±139.64 μm H2
O2
equivalent/L in the CHB and
52.67±40.36-μm H2
O2
equivalent/L in IHBC.
Conclusion: ALT and TOS levels were significantly higher in the
CHB than in the other groups. The increased TOS levels in the CHB
may be related to the activity of cell destruction in active cases.
Keywords: Hepatitis B virus, total oxidative stress, total antioxidant
capacity, liver fibrosisAmaç: Deneysel çalışmalar, kronik viral hepatitlerde hücre
yıkımında ve DNA hasarında oksidatif stresin rolünü göstermiştir.
Bu çalışmada, kronik hepatit B’nin (KHB) çeşitli klinik formlarında
oksidatif stres ölçülmüş ve hepatit kliniğinin gelişiminde oksidatif
stresin rolü araştırılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya toplam 33 inaktif hepatit B
taşıyıcısı (İHBC), 33 aktif KHB enfeksiyonu hastası ve 33 sağlıklı
yetişkin dahil edildi. Hasta gruplarında serum transaminazları
[alanin aminotransferaz (ALT), aspartat aminotransferaz, toplam
antioksidan kapasite ve toplam oksidatif stres (TOS) ölçüldü ve
karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Toplam 99 hasta (56 erkek, 43 kadın) çalışmaya dahil
edildi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması KHB’de 33,21±10,20, İHBC’de
36,73±11,54 ve kontrol grubunda 33±11,71 idi. Ortalama ALT
değeri KHB’li hastalarda 40,93±28,28 U/L, İHBC’li hastalarda
36,33±28,99 U/L idi. TOS değeri CHB’de 115,46±139,64 μm H2
O2
eşdeğeri/L ve IHBC’de 52,67±40,36 μm H2
O2
eşdeğeri/L bulundu.
Sonuç: ALT ve TOS seviyeleri KHB’de diğer gruplara göre anlamlı
derecede yüksek seyretmektedir. KHB’deki artan TOS seviyeleri,
aktif olgularda hücre yıkımının aktivitesi ile ilişkili olabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Hepatit B virüs, toplam oksidatif stres, toplam
antioksidan kapasite, karaciğer fibroz
Effect of Pilates on Body Composition and Some Biochemical Parameters of Women with Type 2 Diabetes on a Low-Carbohydrate or High-Complex-Carbohydrate Diabetic Diet
Get PDFArka plan: Tip 2 diyabetin (T2DM) prevalansı son 30 yılda çarpıcı biçimde arttı. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, 2025 yılına kadar diyabet ve obezite artışını durdurmak için bir eylem planı hazırladı. Amaçlar: Bu çalışma, pilatesin yüksek kompleks karbonhidrat içeren T2DM'li kadınlarda vücut kompozisyonu ve bazı biyokimyasal parametreler üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapıldı. diyabetik diyet veya düşük karbonhidratlı/yüksek tekli doymamış yağ asitleri (MUFA) diyeti. Yöntemler: Bu deneysel çalışma, Aralık 2018 ile Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında Fatih Medical Park Hastanesi Dahiliye Bölümü'ne başvuran 120 T2DM'li kadın hasta üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Katılımcılar 4 gruba ayrıldı ve 12 hafta boyunca takip edildi. Ortalama katılımcıların yaşı 41,67 +/- 3,83 idi. Birinci grup düşük karbonhidratlı ve yüksek MUFA (LC, MUFA) diyeti aldı, ikinci grup düşük karbonhidratlı ve yüksek MUFA diyeti aldı ve pilates yaptı (LC, MUFA + PL), üçüncü grup daha yüksek kompleks aldı karbonhidrat (HCC) diyeti, dördüncü grup ise HCC diyeti alıp pilates (HCC+PL) yaptı. Bulgular: Uygulanan müdahale yöntemine göre vücut kitle indeksi, vücut yağ yüzdesi, kas kütlesi, açlık kan şekeri, insülin, HbA1c, toplam kolesterol, yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein (HDL), düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL) ve trigliserit (TG) değerleri (P < 0.05). Bu çalışmada sadece LC, MUFA+PL grubundaki kadınların vücut kas kompozisyonundaki artış anlamlı bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Vücut yağ oranındaki en yüksek düşüş yine LC, MUFA+PL grubunda belirlendi (P<0.05). Pilates yapan kadınların HDL düzeyleri diğer gruplara göre anlamlı düzeyde arttı (P<0.05). Sonuç: Diyabet tedavisinde hastanın multidisipliner bir ekiple değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Diyet ve egzersiz diyabet tedavisinde önemli, farmakolojik olmayan müdahalelerdir.Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased dramatically in the past 30 years. The World Health Organization has prepared an action plan to stop the increase in diabetes and obesity by 2025. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the effect of pilates on body composition and some biochemical parameters in women with T2DM on a high-complex-carbohydrate diabetic diet or a low-carbohydrate/high-monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) diet. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 120 woman patients with T2DM, referring to the Fatih Medical Park Hospital's Internal Medicine Department, Istanbul, Turkey, between December 2018 and June 2019. Participants were divided into 4 groups and were followed up for 12 weeks. The mean participants' age was 41.67 +/- 3.83 years. The first group received a low-carbohydrate and high MUFA (LC, MUFA) diet, the second group received a low-carbohydrate and a high-MUFA diet and did pilates (LC, MUFA + PL), the third group received a higher complex carbohydrate (HCC) diet, and the fourth group took the HCC diet and did pilates (HCC + PL). Results: According to the applied intervention method, there were significant differences between the preliminary and final measurements of bodymass index, body fat percentage, muscle mass, and fasting blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride (TG) values (P < 0.05). In this study, only an increase in body muscle composition of the women in the LC, MUFA + PL group was found significant (P < 0.05). The highest decrease in body fat ratio was determined again in the LC, MUFA + PL group (P < 0.05). HDLlevels of the women who did pilates increased significantly than other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In the treatment of diabetes, the patient should be evaluated with a multidisciplinary team. Diet and exercise are important non-pharmacological interventions in the treatment of diabetes
Demonstration of ameliorating effect of vardenafil through its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in autism spectrum disorder induced by propionic acid on rat model
No full textIntroduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with complex etiology. In this study, we aimed to determine the ameliorating effects of vardenafil in the ASD rat model induced by propionic acid (PPA) in terms of neurobehavioral changes and also support these effects with histopathological changes, brain biochemical analysis and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings. Materials and methods Twenty-one male rats were randomly assigned into three groups. Group 1 (control, 7 rats) did not receive treatment. Rats in groups 2 and 3 were given PPA at the dose of 250 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally for 5 days. After PPA administration, animals in group 2 (PPAS, 7 rats) were given saline and animals in group 3 (PPAV, 7 rats) were given vardenafil. Behavioral tests were performed between the 20th and 24th days of the study. The rats were taken for MRS on the 25(th) day. At the end of the study, brain levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nerve growth factor, cGMP and lactate levels were measured. In the cerebellum and the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, counts of neurons and Purkinje cells and glial fibrillary acidic protein (associated with gliosis) were evaluated histologically. Results Three chamber sociability and passive avoiding test, histopathological results, lactate levels derived from MRS, and biochemical biomarkers revealed significant differences among the PPAV and PPAS groups. Conclusion We concluded that vardenafil improves memory and social behaviors and prevent loss of neuronal and Purkinje cell through its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effect