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New Generation of Systemic Inflammatory Markers for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children
Get PDFAim: This study evaluated the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with clinical findings of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection among children with a diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). Methods: The study was conducted between 1 January 2020 and 1 January 2022 in a pediatric clinic. This retrospective study included 286 consecutive patients between 0 and 12 years of age, 138 of whom were RSV (+) (48.25%) and 148 of whom were RSV (-) (51.75%). The detection of the RSV antigen was carried out using the chromatographic immunoassay method on nasopharyngeal swabbing samples. Results: CRP content was significantly higher in patients with RSV (+) than in children with RSV (-), while NLR, PLR, and SII, as inflammatory parameters, were significantly lower. Fever, coughs, and wheezing were the most common symptoms in the RSV (+) groups (100%). RSV infections were the highest in November, October, and December, in that order. The AUC was statistically significant for parameters in all groups. AUC values were 0.841 (95%: 0.765-0.917) for leukocytes, 0.703 (95%: 0.618-0.788) for lymphocytes, 0.869 (95%: 0.800-0.937) for CRP, 0.706 (95%: 0.636-0.776) for NLR, 0.779 (95%: 0.722-0.836) for PLR, and 0.705 (95%: 0.633-0.776) for SII. CRP was found to have both high sensitivity (80.4%) and high specificity (82.4%) among all parameters. While the ROC analysis results showed similar results for children under two years old, only CRP and NLR were statistically significant in this group. Conclusion: CRP performed better than other blood parameters as a marker. The NLR, PLR, and SII index were significantly lower in LRTI patients with RSV (+) than in those with RSV (-), which implies a higher grade of inflammation. If the cause of the disease can be determined by this method, disease management will be easier, and unnecessary antibiotics could be avoided
A Case of CADASIL with NOTCH3 Gene Mutation Presenting with Focal Epileptic Seizure: A Case of CADASIL Presenting with Focal Epileptic Seizure
Get PDFCADASIL (cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy) is a hereditary disease of cerebral microvessels with
autosomal dominant inheritance due to the NOTCH3 gene mutation. Epileptic seizures were observed in 5-11% of CADASIL cases. Observation of seizures
as an initial clinical observation is a rare condition in patients with CADASIL patients. In this report, we present a patient with temporal lobe seizure, whose
condition was diagnosed through gene analysis as CADASIL
Protective Effects of Ibudilast Against Cisplatin-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity Mediated by Prostacyclin Enhancement
No full textBackground and Objective: Cisplatin, a prevalent chemotherapy drug, presents hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic side effects, this study explores ibudilast's potential protective effects against such damage via prostacyclin enhancement. The goal of this research was to assess ibudilast's potential to lessen the negative effects of cisplatin on the hepatic and renal systems. Materials and Methods: The 24 adult female rats were divided into three groups: Control, cisplatin-treated (2.5 mg/kg/day, twice weekly for a month) and cisplatin plus ibudilast-treated (5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally). Oxidative markers, inflammatory cytokines, ALT, creatinine and tissue prostacyclin levels were assessed, along with histopathological analysis. Results: Substantial increases in ALT, creatinine, MDA, TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels were seen after cisplatin treatment. However, all of these measures showed a substantial decline when ibudilast was added to the cisplatin regimen. After receiving ibudilast medication, the histopathology analysis revealed decreased cisplatin-induced hepatic and renal damage. The cytoprotective function of ibudilast was further supported by elevated tissue prostacyclin levels. Conclusion: Based on our findings, it is suggested that ibudilast has the potential to safeguard against liver and kidney harm induced by cisplatin. It achieves this by not only reducing oxidative stress and inflammation but also by boosting prostacyclin levels, which supports tissue regeneration
Long-term efficacy of different doses of steroid in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A prospective cohort study
Get PDFINTRODUCTION The aim of our study was to investigate the long-term effects of different doses of steroid therapy given in the acute period in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. METHODS A total of 78 patients who were followed up in the hospital due to COVID-19 pneumonia and were discharged from the hospital more than 3 months ago, were included in our study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the steroid doses they received. RESULTS The value of peak expiratory flow (PEF) was significantly lower in pulse-dose steroid group compared to high-dose steroid group (p=0.040). There was a significant difference in the values of carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO) and diffusion coefficient of alveolar volume (DLCO/VA) among all groups (p=0.027, p=0.048). The values of DLCO and DLCO/VA were significantly lower in the pulse-dose steroid group compared to the high-dose steroid group (p=0.022, p=0.049). The computed tomography (CT) score was significantly higher in the pulse-dose steroid group compared to both the nonsteroid group and high-dose steroid group (p=0.027, p=0.043). CONCLUSIONS Pulse-dose steroid therapy given in the acute period of COVID-19 pneumonia may negatively affect pulmonary function and recovery in the long-term. In addition, high-dose steroids were found to have a positive effect on pulmonary function compared to pulse-steroid therapy and nonsteroid therapy
Comparing Three-dimensional and Two-dimensional Preoperative Planning for Lumbar Transpedicular Screw Placement: A Retrospective Study
No full textBackground Transpedicular screw (TPS) misplacement is still a nightmare for spine surgeons. Preoperative planning is one of the methods that a surgeon could use to minimize this complication. This study aims to compare the efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) preoperative planning in posterior lumbar TPSs placement performed using the freehand technique.Patients and Methods Patients who underwent posterior TPSs placement for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis or spinal stenosis using the freehand technique between November 2021 and October 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. In total, 33 and 30 patients who met the inclusion criteria were consecutively operated on with preoperative 2D and 3D planning, respectively. The patients were divided into the 2D preoperative planning group (2DG) and 3D preoperative planning group (3DG) and the two groups were compared.Results Sixty-three patients were operated during the study period. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding blood transfusion, operation time, and radiation exposure. Although the accuracy of TPSs positioning was 94.2 and 96.5% in the 2DG and 3DG, respectively, the difference between the groups was not statistically significant. The upper facet joint violation rate was 12.8% ( n = 20) in the 2DG versus 3.5% ( n = 5) in the 3DG ( p = 0.006). All L4 TPSs were inserted with their standard entry points without any modification ( p < 0.0001; relative/risk ratio = 0.64). The modification rate was higher in L1, L2, and L5 TPSs ( p < 0.0001; chi(2 )= 24.7).Conclusion For patients with degenerative lumbar diseases, 3D preoperative planning in posterior lumbar instrumentation surgeries performed with the freehand technique decreased the upper facet joint violation rate
Bebeklik döneminde otizm spektrum bozukluğu riskini belirlemeye yönelik video tabanlı bir değerlendirme = A video-based evaluation to determine the risk of autism spectrum disorder in infancy
No full textErken çocukluk dönemi çocuklarda uzun dönemli gelişim kazançları sağlamak için kritik bir dönemdir. Bu nedenle bu dönemde gelişimi risk altında olan ve gelişimsel geriliği olan çocukların belirlenmesi ve gerekli hizmetlerin sağlanarak, erken müdahalede programlarının başlatılabilmesinin ilk basamağı gelişimsel tarama çalışmalarının yapılmasıdır. Erken teşhis ve müdahalenin OSB'deki gelişimsel sonuçları optimize ettiği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, otizmli çocukların söz öncesi dönemlerindeki iletişim, dil ve konuşma becerilerini (ön pragmatik beceriler) videolarının izlenmesi ve ailelerinin görüşlerinin alınması suretiyle tipik gelişim gösteren çocuklarla karşılaştırmaktır. Araştırmada Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) tanısı almış çocukların geriye dönük olarak 0-12 ay arasındaki video kayıtlarının incelenerek alıcı dil becerileri, ifade edici dil becerileri ve ön pragmatik becerileri (göz teması, ortak dikkat, vokalizasyon, oyun becerileri, jest ve mimikler) incelendi. Bu vaka gözlem çalışması Bursa Anka Özel Eğitim ve Rehabilitasyon Merkezinde 05/11./2022 Ve 06/06./2023 tarihleri arasında yapıldı ve yaklaşık olarak 7 ay sürdü. Çalışmaya Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatri hekimi tarafından muayenesi yapılan Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu tanısı ile rapor almış 15 çocuk ile tipik gelişim gösteren ve ek bir tanısı olmayan normal işitmeye sahip 15 çocuk dâhil edildi. Çocukların değerlendirmeleri ise 0-12 ay arasındaki video kayıtlarına ve ailelerden alınan bilgilere göre yapıldı. Çalışmaya dahil edilecek tüm çocukların 0-12 ay arasında kaydedilmiş videoları izlendi ve tipik gelişim gösteren çocuklar ile otizmli çocukların alıcı dil becerileri, ifade edici dil becerileri ve ön pragmatik becerileri karşılaştırıldı. Ayrıca ön pragmatik beceriler ailelerden alınan bilgilerle karşılaştırıldı. Sonuç olarak yaklaşık 12 aylık döneme yakın otizmli bebeklerin jest kullanımın daha az olduğu ortaya konuldu. Elde edilen bulgulara göre otizmli bebeklerin erken dönemde tanılanması ve eğitimlere başlanması için ön pragmatik beceriler ile alıcı ve ifade edici dil becerilerine yönelik değerlendirmelerin yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu becerilerin tipik gelişim gösteren bebeklerden ayrıldığı görülmektedir. Tarama çalışmalarının yapılması ise en ideal olanıdır.Early childhood is a critical period for achieving long-term developmental gains in children. For this reason, the first step of starting early intervention programs is to carry out developmental screening studies, by identifying children whose development is at risk and with developmental delays in this period, and by providing the necessary services. Early diagnosis and intervention are known to optimize developmental outcomes in ASD. The aim of this study is to compare the communication, language and speech skills (pre-pragmatic skills) of children with autism in their preverbal stages with those of typically developing children by watching their videos and asking their families' opinions. In the study, receptive language skills, expressive language skills and pre-pragmatic skills (eye contact, joint attention, vocalization, game skills, gestures and mimics) were examined by retrospectively examining the video recordings of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). . This case observation study was conducted in Bursa Anka Special Education and Rehabilitation Center between 05/11/2022 and 06/06/2023 and lasted for approximately 7 months. The study included 15 children with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder, who were examined by a Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, and 15 children with typical development and normal hearing without any additional diagnosis. The evaluations of the children were made according to the video recordings between 0-12 months and the information received from the families. The videos recorded between 0-12 months of all children included in the study were watched, and receptive language skills, expressive language skills, and pre-pragmatic skills of typically developing children and children with autism were compared. In addition, pre-pragmatic skills were compared with the information obtained from the families. As a result, it was revealed that the use of gestures was less in babies with autism close to the age of 12 months. According to the findings, it is necessary to evaluate pre-pragmatic skills and receptive and expressive language skills in order to diagnose babies with autism in the early period and start education. These skills appear to differ from typically developing infants. Scanning studies are the most ideal
Evaluation of Auditory Temporal Discrimination Thresholds in Migraine Patients
No full textIntroduction: Although vestibular migraine is well defined, the effects of migraine on the auditory system have not been clearly identified yet. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of migraine on the auditory system. Methods: Migraine patients without hearing loss were included in the study. Group 1 consisted of patients with migraine pain, group 2 consisted of patients with migraine in the interictal period, and group 3 consisted of healthy volunteers with similar demographic characteristics to groups 1 and 2. Random gap detection test was applied to all 3 groups. Additionally, group 2 and group 3 patients were evaluated with the auditory cortical potentials and the mismatch negativity test. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the 3 groups in the random gap detection test. There was no statistically significant difference in auditory cortical potentials between group 2 and group 3; however, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of mismatch negativity test latency. Conclusion: An auditory pathway may be affected in migraine patients, although hearing tests are normal. This interaction continues between attacks, being more evident during the pain period. Therefore, disorders of hearing or speech perception in migraine patients should be evaluated by further audiological tests
Anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) loading performance of functionalized polyaniline (PANI) surface with active carbon
No full textThe study was based on surface functionalization of conductive PANI (polyaniline) polymer for drug delivery systems. Specifically, an electrochemical polymerization technique was performed for the synthesis of PANI layers on tin-doped indium oxide (In2O3:Sn or ITO)-coated PET (polyethylene terephthalate) substrates. Three main factors were studied: binding ability, drug-loading ability and drug-delivering ability. PANI layers, combined with active carbon (AC), were organized as biomaterials to carry the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). Two different films, PANI and PANI with AC, were polymerized in the emeraldine salt form of PANI. A comparison of the two samples proved that AC molecules enabled DOX molecules to bind to the PANI surface, as observed by the UV-Vis absorption spectra of the films. DOX molecules were detected by UV-Vis spectra with an absorption peak at 547 nm. Findings from drug loading/release tests and in vitro cytotoxicity results confirm that these films can be used as drug delivery systems. This work underlines essential role of AC in the PANI layer for drug delivery
The Effects of Darbepoetin Alfa on the Changes Induced by Ethanol in Glucose Metabolism and Lipid Profile
No full text7-12 yaş grubu astımlı çocuklarda akdeniz diyetine uyumun yaşam kalitesi ve uyku bozukluğu ile ilişkisi = The relation between adherence to the mediterranean diet on quality of life and SlEEP disorder in children aged between 7-12 with ASTHMA
No full textAstım, her yaştan insanı etkileyen ana özelliği, hava yollarının çapındaki bir azalmanın neden olduğu hava yolu tıkanıklığı hastalığıdır. Çocukluk çağı astımı ve alerjileri, yüksek gelirli ülkelerde 20. yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren görülme sıklığındaki belirgin artış nedeniyle 21. yüzyılın salgını olarak adlandırılmıştır. Son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar Akdeniz diyetinin koruyucu etkileri ile çocukluk çağı astımı arasında bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı Akdeniz diyetinine uyumun 7-12 yaş grubu astımlı çocuklarda yaşam kalitesi ve uyku bozukluğu ile ilişikisini incelemektir. Bu çalışmaya Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu Şehir Hastanesine başvuran astım tanısı ile başvuran 77 çocuk dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara kişisel bilgi formu ve Akdeniz Diyeti Kalite İndeksi (KIDMED), Çocuklar için Uyku Bozukluğu Ölçeği (ÇUBÖ), Astımlı Çocuk Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği (AÇYKÖ) uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca bireylerin 3 günlük besin tüketim kayıtları ve antropometrik ölçümleri alınmıştır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen çocukların çoğunluğu erkektir. Akdeniz diyetine uyum her iki cinsiyette de yaklaşık %50 oranında orta derecededir. Çocukların yaşam kalitesi toplam puanı ortalaması erkeklerde 144,81±15,08, kızlarda 146,8±11,09'dir. Astımlı Çocuk Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği alt boyut puan ortalamaları arasında en yüksek puan ortalamasının "Belirtiler" alt grubunda olduğu saptanmıştır. KIDMED toplam skoru ile uyku bozukluğu semptomları arasında zayıf düzeyde negatif yönlü istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Uyku solunum bozukluklarının çocukların yaşam kalitesi ile kötü yönde bir ilişkisi olduğu saptanmıştır (sırasıyla r = -0,395; r = -0,255; r = -0,434). ÇUBÖ toplam skoru ile Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeğinin toplam skoru ve Faaliyet, Belirtiler, Duygusal İşlev alt boyutları arasında zayıf düzeyde negatif yönlü istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (sırasıyla r = -0,240; r = -0,296; r = -0,344; r = -0,356). Çocukların Akdeniz diyeti uyumları ile yaşam kaliteleri arasında bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda Akdeniz diyetine uyumun uyku bozuklukları semptomları ile ilişkili olduğu ancak astımlı çocukların yaşam kalitesi ile doğrudan bir ilişkisinin olmadığı saptanmıştır.Asthma is a disease of airway obstruction, the main feature of which affects people of all ages, caused by a reduction in the diameter of the airways. Childhood asthma and allergies have been named the epidemic of the 21st century because of the marked increase in incidence from the mid-20th century in high-income countries. Recent studies have revealed an association between the protective effects of the Mediterranean diet and childhood asthma. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and quality of life and sleep disturbance in children aged 7-12 years with asthma. This study by Prof. Dr. 77 children who applied to Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital with the diagnosis of asthma were included. A personal information form and the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED), Sleep Disturbance scale for Children (SDSC), and The Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) were administered to the participants. In addition, 3-day food consumption records and anthropometric measurements of the individuals were taken. The majority of children included in the study were male. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is moderate in both sexes, about 50%. The mean total quality of life score of children was 144.81±15.08 for boys and 146.8±11.09 for girls. It was determined that the highest mean score among the sub-dimensions of the Asthmatic Child Quality of Life Scale was in the "Symptoms" subgroup. A weak negative statistically significant correlation was found between KIDMED total score and sleep disorder symptoms (p<0.05). Sleep respiratory disorders were found to be negatively correlated with children's quality of life (r = -0.395; r = -0.255; r = -0.434, respectively). A weak negative statistically significant relationship was found between the total score of the SDSC and the total score of the PAQLQ and the sub-dimensions of Activity, Symptoms, and Emotional Function (r = -0.240; r = -0.296; r = -0.344; r = -0.356, respectively). No relationship was found between children's adherence to the Mediterranean diet and their quality of life. As a result of this study, it was determined that adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with the symptoms of sleep disorders, but not directly with the quality of life of children with asthma