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Empagliflozin and sacubitril/valsartan reverse methotrexate cardiotoxicity by repressing oxidative stress and hypoxia in heart embryonic H9c2 cardiomyocytes - the role of morphology of mitochondria observed on electron microscopy
Get PDFObjective: Oxidative stress and hypoxia play an important role in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sacubitril/valsartan (S/V) and Empagliflozin (EMPA) on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and oxidative stress in H9c2 rat embryonic cardiomyocyte cells. Materials and methods: BH9c2 cardiomyocyte cells were treated with methotrexate (MTX) (10-0.156 μM), empagliflozin (EMPA; 10-0.153 µM) and sacubitril/valsartan (S/V; 100-1.062 µM) for 24, 48 and 72 h. The half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) and half maximum excitation concentration (EC50) values of MTX, EMPA and S/V were determined. The cells under investigation were exposed to 2.2 μM MTX before treatment with 2 μM EMPA and 25 μM S/V. The cell viability, lipid peroxidation, oxidation of proteins and antioxidant parameters were measured while morphological changes were also observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: The results showed that treatment with 2 µM EMPA, 25 µM S/V or their combination produced a protective effect against the reduction in cell viability caused by 2.2 µM MTX. While HIF-1α levels plunged to their lowest with S/V treatment, oxidant parameters dipped, and antioxidant parameters soared to their highest level with S/V and EMPA combination treatment. A negative correlation was found between HIF-1α and total antioxidant capacity in the S/V treatment group. Conclusions: A significant decrease in HIF-1α and oxidant molecules together with an enhancement in antioxidant molecules and normalization of the mitochondria morphology as observed on electron microscopy in S/V and EMPA-treated cells were detected. Although S/V and EMPA have both protective effects against cardiac ischemia and oxidative damage, this effect may be increased more with S/V treatment alone compared to combined treatment
Activation of TRESK Channels Ameliorates Pain and Neurogenic Inflammation in a Nitroglycerin-Induced Migraine Model in Rats
No full textWe investigated effects of activation of TRESK channels by selective activator cloxyquin on excitotoxic-induced brain injury and neuroinflammation involving brain mast cells and inflammatory cytokines in neonatal rats. Three different doses of cloxyquin (0.2, 1 and 5 mg/kg) were studied in ibotenate-induced perinatal brain injury (PBI) in P5 rat-pups. Cerebral lesions and mast cells in coronal brain sections were evaluated. Concentrations of activin A, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in brain homogenates were measured using ELISA. Cloxyquin dose-dependently exerted protective effects against excitotoxic-induced neonatal brain injury and neuroinflammation. TRESK channels may be a promising new target for the treatment of PBIs
Çocukluk çağı kekemeliğinde sözel kaçınma davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi = Evaluation of verbal avoidance behaviors in childhood stuttering
No full textKekemelik, konuşmanın akışını bozan, tekrarlamalar, bloklar ve uzatmalar şeklinde görülen akıcılık bozukluğudur. Akıcısızlıklar konuşma esnasında kekemeliği olan bireylerde kekemelik benzeri akıcısızlıklar (KBA) ve tipik akıcısızlıklar olmak üzere ikiye ayrılmıştır. Tipik akıcısızlıklar kekemeliği olan ve olmayan bireylerde görülen akıcısızlık türleridir. Sözel kaçınma davranışı, kekeleyen kişilerin kekemeliklerini önlemek veya azaltmak için yapabilecekleri eylemleri ifade eder. Bu davranışlar, belirli kelimelerden veya seslerden kaçınmayı, kelimeleri değiştirmeyi veya sesleri uzatmayı içerebilir. Bu davranışlar başa çıkma mekanizması olarak kullanılabilir, ancak zamanla kekemeliği şiddetlendirebilirler. Bazı durumlarda, kekemelikten kaçınmak için sosyal ortamlardan veya iletişimden tamamen kaçınabilirler. Genel olarak sözel kaçınma davranışı, kekeleyen kişiler için kekemeliklerini kontrol altına almanın bir yoludur, ancak aynı zamanda yaşamlarında olumsuz sonuçlara da yol açabilir. Çalışmamızda sözel kaçınma davranışına (SKD) yönelik kullanılan tipik akıcısızlıkların, 8-12 yaş arası 13 kekemeliği olan ve 13 kekemeliği olmayan çocuğun konuşma içerisindeki yüzdesi tespit edildi. Ayrıca, çalışma grubundaki sözel kaçınma davranışı ile konuşma düzeyi yüzdesi ve CALMS-TR bileşenleri cinsinden puanlaması karşılaştırıldı. Ek olarak her iki grupta da en sık kullanılan ifade, bu ifadenin tipik akıcısızlık yönünden türü, en sık kullanılan ifadenin oranı incelendi. En sık kullanılan ifade oranı, konuşma düzeyi akıcılık şiddeti, CALMS-TR'de bulunan bilişsel, afektif ve motor bileşenler ile bireyin sözel kaçınma davranışı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamadı. Bununla birlikte linguistik ve sosyal bileşen ile sözel kaçınma davranışı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edildi. Bu çalışmadaki katılımcı sayısı pandemi süreci nedeniyle sınırlıdır. Daha fazla katılımcıyla çalışmanın tekrarlanması önerilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, kekeme çocukların sergiledikleri SKD, benzer şekilde akıcı konuşan çocuklarda da görülmektedir. Bu durumun kekeme çocuklar tarafından bilinmesi kendilerini rahat hissetmelerine sebep olacaktır. Bu rahatlık durumu da kekemelik anlarının ve davranışlarının azalmasını sağlayacaktır.Stuttering is a fluency disorder that disrupts the flow of speech and is seen as repetitions, blocks and prolongations. Disfluencies are divided into two as stuttering-like disfluencies (SLD) and typical disfluencies (TD) in individuals who stutter during speech. Typical disfluencies are the types of disfluencies seen in individuals with and without stuttering. Verbal avoidance behavior refers to actions that people who stutter can take to prevent or reduce their stuttering. These behaviors may include avoiding certain words or sounds, changing words or prolonging sounds. These behaviors can be used as coping mechanisms, but they can exacerbate stuttering over time. In some cases, people who stutter may avoid social situations or communication altogether to avoid stuttering. Verbal avoidance behavior in general is a way for people who stutter to control their stuttering, but it can also have negative consequences in their lives. In our study; We determined the percentage of typical disfluencies used for verbal avoidance behavior in speech in 13 children with stuttering and 13 children with not stuttering individuals aged 8-12 years. Also, the percentage of verbal avoidance behavior in the study group and the percentage of stuttering severity and scoring in terms of CALMS-TR components were compared. Finally, the most frequently used phrase in both groups, the type of this phrase in terms of typical fluency, and the rate of the most frequently used phrase were compared. As a result of the study; No significant correlation was found between the most frequently used expression percentage, the level of speaking fluency, the cognitive, affective and motor components of CALMS-TR and the individual's verbal avoidance behavior. However, a significant relationship was found between linguistic and social component and verbal avoidance behavior. The number of participants in this study is limited due to the pandemic process. It is recommended to repeat the study with more participants
Effects of multi-gravitational suspension-based therapy on posture, physical fitness, quality of life, depression, and sleep quality in women without regular exercise habits
Get PDFBackgroundMulti-gravitational suspension-based therapy (M-Gravity) is a comprehensive discipline based on the principles of non-gravity, which serves to increase the quality of life and holistic health of the individual with the rehabilitation content of non-pressure inversion therapy and suspension systems.AimsTo examine the effects of M-Gravity exercise on posture, physical fitness, quality of life, depression, and sleep quality in women without regular exercise habits.MethodsThis study included 20 women without regular exercise habits, who participated in M-Gravity exercise and 20 women who did not participate in any exercise program. Posture was measured by the New York posture rating chart, flexibility of the hamstring and pectoral muscles were assessed with flexibility tests, and endurance of the core muscles was measured with plank test. Depression levels were measured by Beck Depression Inventory, sleep quality was measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Nottingham Health Profile was used to measure the perceived health levels of the subjects. Measurement of the core stability was performed with the Stabilizer Pressure Biofeedback. Two evaluations were made at baseline and after 4 weeks of exercise program.ResultsAlthough statistically significant results were achieved for all parameters in the M-Gravity group, no differences were observed in the control group between baseline and post-test scores (p < 0.05).ConclusionsWe came to the idea that eight sessions of M-Gravity program may have positive effects on posture, physical fitness and quality of life in women who do not have regular exercise habits
Effects of Regular Exercise on Respiratory Function and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Parameters in Young Individuals Exposed to Air Pollution for a Long Time in Adolescence
No full textComparison of three different biomaterials used in in vitro molar apexification models
Get PDFAmaçlarYeni biyomateryallerin, tek adımlı apeksifikasyon yönteminde geleneksel MTA'ya göre karıştırılması ve daha kolay uygulanması gibi bazı avantajları vardı. Bu çalışma, olgunlaşmamış azı dişlerinin apeksifikasyon tedavisinde kullanılan üç biyomateryali, harcanan süre, kanal dolgusunun kalitesi ve işlemi tamamlamak için çekilen röntgen sayısı açısından karşılaştırmayı amaçladı.YöntemlerÇıkartılan otuz dişin kök kanalları Azı dişleri döner aletlerle şekillendirildi. Apeksifikasyon modelini elde etmek için retrograd ProTaper F3 kullanıldı. Dişler, apeksi kapatmak için kullanılan malzemeye göre rastgele üç gruba ayrıldı; Grup 1: Pro Root MTA, Grup 2: MTA Flow, Grup 3: Biodentine. Dolgu miktarları, tedavi tamamlanana kadar çekilen radyografi sayısı ve tedavi süresi kaydedildi. Daha sonra kanal dolgusunun kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla mikro bilgisayarlı tomografi görüntüleme için dişler tespit edildi.SonuçlarBiodentine'in zamana göre diğer dolgu malzemelerine göre üstün olduğu görüldü. MTA Flow, meziobukkal kanallar için sıralama karşılaştırmasında diğer dolgu malzemelerine göre daha fazla dolum hacmi sağladı. MTA Flow, palatinal/distal kanallarda ProRoot MTA'ya göre daha yüksek dolum hacmine sahipti (p = 0,039). Biodentine, meziolingual/distobukkal kanallarda MTA Flow'dan daha fazla dolum hacmine sahipti (p = 0,049).SonuçlarMTA Flow, tedavi süresi ve kök kanal dolgularının kalitesine göre uygun bir biyomateryal olarak bulundu.ObjectivesNew biomaterials had some advantages such as mixing and easier application as compared to traditional MTA in single step apexification method. This study aimed to compare the three biomaterials used in the apexification treatment of immature molar teeth in terms of the time spent, the quality of the canal filling and the number of x-rays taken to complete the process.MethodsThe root canals of the extracted thirty molar teeth were shaped with rotary tools. To obtain the apexification model, ProTaper F3 was used retrograde. The teeth were randomly assigned into three groups based on the material used to seal the apex; Group 1: Pro Root MTA, Group 2: MTA Flow, Group 3: Biodentine. The amounts of the filling, the number of radiographs taken until treatment completion and the treatment duration were recorded. Then teeth were fixed for micro computed tomography imaging for quality evaluation of canal filling.ResultsBiodentine was superior to the other filling materials according to time. MTA Flow provided greater filling volume than the other filling materials in the rank comparison for the mesiobuccal canals. MTA Flow had greater filling volume than ProRoot MTA in the palatinal/distal canals(p = 0.039). Biodentine had greater filling volume more than MTA Flow in the mesiolingual/distobuccal canals (p = 0.049).ConclusionsMTA Flow was found as a suitable biomaterial according to the treatment time and quality of root canal fillings
Neuroprotective effect of polyethylene Glycol (PEG-3350) on radiation-induced brain injury via membrane stabilization
Get PDFBackground: This research aims to evaluate whether polyethylene glycol (PEG), which can immediately repair neuronal membranes, will have a protective effect against radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI). Materials and Methods: Whole brain irradiation (RAD) procedure was performed on 14 of 21 rats included in the study for establishing RIBI. Rats were randomly divided into three groups containing equal numbers of animals: control (RAD not established), placebo (RAD applied, and treated with 1 ml/ kg/day of saline that was administered intraperitoneally), and treatment (RAD applied, and treated with 30 mg/kg /day of PEG 3350 that was administered intraperitoneally). Following the end of the 22-day treatments, behavioral tests were performed first, and then magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was applied to measure brain lactate levels. All rats were sacrificed in order to perform biochemical analysis and histopathological examination of brain tissue. Results: Compared to the control group, MDA, TNF-alpha, NF -KB and lactate levels were significantly increased, while BDNF levels were decreased in the placebo group; and RAD-induced changes in all these biochemical markers were reversed by PEG. In MRS performed from the corpus striatum, there was an evident decrease in lactate levels after PEG treatment. Impairment in memory and learning was more limited in PEG-treated rats than in the rats receiving saline therapy. Furthermore, histological examinations from hippocampus and cerebellum exhibited that PEG treatment significantly reduces apoptosis, astrogliosis, and oxidative DNA damage in rats. Conclusion: Our results support that PEG is very effective in preventing RIBI with its secondary effects on the basis of membrane stabilization
Retrospective evaluation of traction time for impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors in mixed dentition
Get PDFPurposes: This study aimed to contribute to understanding the factors affecting the time of traction treatment of impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors. Methods: This retrospective study included children aged 8 - 11 years with a history of trauma, who applied to the pediatric dentistry clinics of Marmara University, School of Dentistry, between December 2013 and December 2019, and were treated for unilateral impacted dilacerated maxillary upper central incisors. Children's age, sex, digital panoramic radiographs, cone-beam computed tomography, and intraoral photographs were retrieved from electronic dental health records. The effects of children's age, sex, the direction of impacted teeth, distance of the teeth to the top of the alveolar crest, and root dilaceration level on traction time were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient test. Results: The inverse position of the incisors significantly increased the traction time (P = 0.012). However, the traction time did not differ according to the sex of the children (P = 0.707) or the level of root dilaceration (P = 0.429). No correlation was observed between the traction time and the age of children (P = 0.644) or the distance of the incisors from the top of the alveolar crest (P = 0.397). Conclusions: In cases of the forced eruption of for the impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors, the direction of the teeth should be evaluated when deciding on the treatment plan, as it may affect the treatment time. & COPY; 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved
Ses kalınlaştırma ameliyatından sonra ses terapisi olan ihttiyacın sesin öz değerlendirilmesi yöntemi ile araştırılması = Find out your need for voice therapy after voice deepening by self-assessment of your voice
No full textBu çalışma; tip 3 tiropilasti cerrahi yöntemi ile ses perdesi düşürülen erkek hastaların, ameliyat sonrasında ses terapisi almalarına ihtiyaç olup olmadığını sesin öz değerlendirilmesi yöntemi ile araştırmayı hedeflemektedir. Yüksek ses perdesi şikâyeti ile cerrahi operasyon geçirmiş 31 erkek katılımcı deney grubunu, ses bozukluğu ve ses perdesi şikâyeti olmayan 31 erkek katılımcı ise kontrol grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Her bir gruba demografik bilgi formu, Ses Handikap Endeksi-10 ve çalışmanın konu ve amacına uygun olarak hazırlanan Ses Kalitesinin Öz Değerlendirilmesi Anketi Google Form aracılığı ile iletilmiştir. Yapılan istatiksel analizler sonucunda çalışmaya alınan katılımcılarda Ses Kalitesinin Öz Değerlendirilmesi Anketi ve Ses Handikap Endeksi-10 toplam puanları ile ölçeğin fiziksel, fonksiyonel ve emosyonel alt grup puanlarının deney grubunda kontrol grubundan daha yüksek çıkması gruplar arasında yüksek düzeyde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılığın varlığını göstermiştir (p=0,001). Yapılan bir başka analizde Ses Kalitesinin Öz Değerlendirilmesi Anketi'ne verilen cevapların dağılımında deney grubunun kontrol grubundan daha yüksek puanlar vermesi gruplar arasında çok yüksek düzeyde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılığın varlığını göstermiştir (p<0,001). Bulgulara bakıldığında ses kalınlaştırma ameliyatı olan bireylerin hipofonkisyonel ses özelliklerine sahip oldukları ve buna bağlı olarak ses kalitesinde düşüş yaşadıkları görülmüştür. Bu durum bireylerin seslerini kullanırken emosyonel, fiziksel ve fonksiyonel alanda etkilenme yaşamalarına sebep olmaktadır. Araştırma sonunda ses kalınlaştırma ameliyatının ses terapisi ile desteklenmesinin bir gereklilik olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Ses bozuklukları, ses terapisi, ses kalınlaştırmaThis study aims to investigate whether male patients who have had their vocal pitch lowered by type 3 thyroplasty surgery need postoperative voice therapy by using the voice self-assessment method. The experimental group consisted of 31 male participants who had undergone a surgical operation with the complaint of high pitch, and the control group consisted of 31 male participants who had no complaints of voice disorder or pitch. A demographic information form, a Voice Handicap Index-10, and a Voice Quality Self-Assessment Questionnaire prepared in accordance with the subject and purpose of the study were delivered to each group via Google Form. As a result of the statistical analysis, the total scores of the Voice Quality Self-Assessment Questionnaire and Voice Handicap Index-10 and the physical, functional, and emotional subgroup scores of the scale were higher in the experimental group than in the control group, indicating the presence of a statistically highly significant difference between the groups (p=0,001). In another analysis, in the distribution of the answers given to the Self-Assessment of Voice Quality Questionnaire, the fact that the experimental group gave higher scores than the control group showed the presence of a statistically very highly significant difference between the groups (p<0,001). When the findings were analyzed, it was observed that individuals who underwent voice deepening surgery had hypophonological voice characteristics and accordingly experienced a decrease in voice quality. This situation causes individuals to be affected in emotional, physical, and functional areas while using their voices. At the end of the research, it was concluded that it is a necessity to support voice deepening surgery with voice therapy. Key words: Voice disorders, voice therapy, voice deepenin
The effect of Pilates-based exercise applied with hybrid telerehabilitation method in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A randomized clinical trial
Get PDFThis study aimed to investigate the effect of Pilates-based exercise training applied with hybrid telerehabilitation on Cobb angle, respiratory function, respiratory muscle strength, and functional capacity in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). This is an evaluator-blinded, randomized, controlled trial. For the study, 32 patients were randomly allocated into two groups: a hybrid telerehabilitation group (training group), provided with modified Pilates-based exercises with synchronous sessions; and a home-based group (control group), doing the same exercises in their home. The Pilates-based exercise program consists of stretching and strengthening exercises combined with postural corrections and breathing exercises modified according to the curve type and localization of the patients, done every day of the week for 12 weeks. Analyses were made based on the comparison between the angle of trunk rotation, Cobb angle, spirometry, maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory pressures (MEP), and incremental shuttle walk tests done at the beginning and end of the study. The training group showed statistically significant improvements in Cobb angle, PEF%, MIP, and MEP values compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Pilates-based exercises applied with the hybrid telerehabilitation method can improve Cobb angle and respiratory muscle strength in patients with AIS. The hybrid telerehabilitation method can be used as an alternative to home-based programs, especially in locations and times where there may be limited access to supervised training. Also, the nature of the disease that requires long-term follow-up is another factor where hybrid telerehabilitation may be an advantage