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Assessment of subtle cardiac dysfunction induced by premature ventricular contraction using two-dimensional strain echocardiography and the effects of successful ablation
No full textIntroduction and objectives: We aimed to assess the effects of successful ablation on impaired left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) in patients with frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). We also evaluated the potential risk factors of impaired LV-GLS.Methods: Thirty-six consecutive patients without any structural heart disease, who were treated with radiofrequency (RF) ablation due to frequent PVCs, were included in the study. All patients were evaluated with standard transthoracic and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.Results: Mean LV-GLS before ablation was 17.3 +/- 3.7 and 20.5 +/- 2.6 after ablation; the difference was statistically significant (p-16% and those <= 16%. Low PVC E flow/post-PVC E flow and PVC SV/post-PVC SV ratios were associated with impaired LV-GLS.Conclusion: In symptomatic patients with frequent PVCs and normal left ventricular ejection fraction, we observed significant improvement in LV-GLS value following successful RF ablation. Patients with impaired LV-GLS more often display non-ejecting PVCs and post-extrasystolic potentiation (PEP) compared to patients with normal LV-GLS.(c) 2023 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Published by Elsevier Espan similar to a, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/)
Targeted elimination of Fusobacterium nucleatum alleviates periodontitis
Get PDFBackground: Fusobacterium nucleatum, a pathobiont in periodontal disease, contributes to alveolar bone destruction. We assessed the efficacy of a new targeted antimicrobial, FP-100, in eradicating F. nucleatum from the oral microbial community in vitro and in vivo and evaluated its effectiveness in reducing bone loss in a mouse periodontitis model. Methods: A multispecies bacterial community was cultured and treated with two concentrations of FP-100 over two days. Microbial profiles were examined at 24-h intervals using 16S rRNA sequencing. A ligature-induced periodontitis mouse model was employed to test FP-100 in vivo. Results: FP-100 significantly reduced Fusobacterium spp. within the in vitro community (p < 0.05) without altering microbial diversity at a 2 mu M concentration. In mice, cultivable F. nucleatum was undetectable in FP-100-treated ligatures but persistent in controls. Beta diversity plots showed distinct microbial structures between treated and control mice. Alveolar bone loss was significantly reduced in the FP-100 group (p = 0.018), with concurrent decreases in gingival IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha expression (p = 0.052 and 0.018, respectively). Conclusion: FP-100 effectively eliminates F. nucleatum from oral microbiota and significantly reduces bone loss in a mouse periodontitis model, demonstrating its potential as a targeted therapeutic agent for periodontal disease
Fuzzy Logic Multicriteria Decision-Making for Broadcast Storm Resolution in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
No full textIn vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), the challenge of broadcast storms during data transmission arises due to an exponential increase in message rebroadcasts. This problem is exacerbated by high-speed node movements, frequent topology changes, and repetitive discontinuities within these networks, hindering the development of efficient broadcasting protocols. Addressing this gap, our study introduces a pioneering approach utilizing a novel fuzzy method based on multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) to prioritize vehicles in selecting optimal neighbors for data broadcast. The aim of this work is to propose for VANETs a fuzzy MCDM-based re-broadcasting scheme (FMRBS). This method seeks to eliminate broadcast storms and raise data distribution efficiency. We choose the best vehicles for data transportation by using fuzzy logic. The FMRBS system excelled in many respects over UMB and 802.11-Distance. It decreased end-to-end latency and overhead while increasing packet delivery ratio (PDR) and network performance. By efficiently optimizing data distribution inside VANETs, FMRBS lowers broadcasting traffic and network congestion
Examination of language, cognitive, and mathematical skills in childhood endocrine diseases
Get PDFIntroduction Children diagnosed with endocrine disorders may exhibit atypical development and may encounter challenges in language, academic, and cognitive skills, as well as social-emotional issues. The objective of this study was to identify potential therapeutic requirements in the areas of language, cognition, and mathematical skills among children with endocrine disorders who experience school failure. This will enable an early evaluation of speech and language disorders and the planning of interventions to be possible.Methods In this study, children with endocrine disorders were compared with their normally developing peers in terms of language, cognition, mathematical skills, and psychosocial characteristics. In this study, 15 children diagnosed with endocrine disorders (8 females, 7 males; mean age: 10, SD: 2) and 15 children with normal development (8 females, 7 males; mean age: 10, SD: 2) participated. The participants were subjected to the Test of Language Development-Primary: Fourth Edition Turkish Revision (TOLDP-4:T), the Turkish Nonword Repetition Test (TNRT), the Turkish Multilingual Sentence Repetition Test (LITMUS-TR), the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R), the Problem-Solving Test (PST), the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Child Version (RCADS-CV), the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).Results The findings of the study indicate that children with endocrine disease have lower performance in language, cognition, and mathematical skills compared to their healthy peers. Otherwise, they do not differ in terms of social-emotional status assessed by psychological scales.Discussion These findings suggest that while children with endocrine disorders face challenges in academic and cognitive domains, their social-emotional development remains relatively unaffected. Early identification and intervention in language, cognition, and mathematical skills may help address the academic struggles of these children, potentially improving their school performance and overall well-being
The Turkish version of the cognitive assessment scale for stroke patients (CASP-TR): a reliability and validity
No full textBackground: Stroke, a prevalent neurological condition globally, is associated with a high mortality and often affects cognitive function. The Cognitive Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients (CASP) was developed to quickly identify and measure primary cognitive deficits, focusing particularly on stroke survivors. Within the Turkish context, there is a limited availability of validated cognitive screening tests for use after stroke. Aims: The study aimed to translate CASP into Turkish (CASP-TR) and validate it in stroke patients. Methods and procedures: After the translation of the CASP items into culturally appropriate Turkish versions, a pilot testing of the pre-final version was administered to post-stroke patients and healthy controls by two raters. Following completion of the final version of CASP-TR, 40 stroke patients were consecutively enrolled in validation process. Three blinded raters conducted all assessments with intervals of 1- or 2 days between evaluation sessions. The accuracy of CASP-TR was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, and area under curve. CASP-TR performance in post-stroke patients with and without cognitive dysfunction was compared using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). CASP-TR data obtained by two raters were compared based on the presence of aphasia. Outcomes and results: The study assessed inter-rater agreement using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), yielding a score of 0.92 (95% CI 0.85-0.96) between raters. Across subtests, moderate to good agreement was observed in most domains. Correlation analyses showed a strong positive relationship (r = 0.80) between mean CASP-TR and MMSE scores. CASP-TR and MMSE scores were stratified based on the presence of aphasia. CASP-TR scores from both raters were notably lower in the aphasia group compared to the non-aphasia group (p 0.05). CASP-TR demonstrated a sensitivity of 82.4%, specificity of 78.6%, positive predictive value of 87.5%, negative predictive value of 68.7%, a positive likelihood ratio of 3.77, a negative likelihood ratio of 0.25, and an area under curve of 0.88. Conclusions: This study proposes that CASP-TR is a valuable cognitive screening tool for assessing cognitive deficits in stroke patients, and it also demonstrates sensitivity to cognitive deficits in stroke patients with aphasia. The thorough validation within the acute post-stroke Turkish population demonstrates remarkably good accuracy and very good Area Under Curve (AUC) values
Afazinin eşlik etmediği iskemik inlemelerde dilin mikroyapısal ve makroyapısal özelliklerinin incelenmesi = Investigation of microstructural and features of the language in ıschemic strokes not accompanied with aphasia
No full textAfazinin eşlik etmediği iskemik inmelerde görülebilecek dil bozukluklarına yönelik literatürde az sayıda araştırma bulunmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı; afazisi olmayan iskemik inmelerde dilin makroyapısal ve mikroyapısal özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. İskemik inmeli olgularda dili değerlendirmek ve afazi varlığını tespit etmek için Afazi Dil Değerlendirme Testi uygulanmıştır. Bireylerin anlatı örnekleri dilin mikroyapısal ve makroyapısal özellikleri açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın tipi kesitsel araştırmadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi; afazi varlığı olmayan, iskemik inme geçirmiş 31 katılımcı ve 31 sağlıklı katılımcı olmak üzere toplamda 62 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Bu araştırmada iskemik inme sonrası afazisi olmayan bireylerin dil özellikleri sağlıklı katılımcılar ile standart ve betimsel araçlar kullanılarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Anlatı analizi ile elde edilen tip-tür oranı, biçimbirimlerde ortalama sözce uzunluğu; Afazi Dil Değerlendirme Testindeki işitsel anlama, tekrarlama, adlandırma, dilbilgisi, söz eylem ve yazma alt test sonuçları sağlıklı kontrol grubunda vertebrobaziler ve karotis sistem gruplarına göre daha iyi sonuçlar almıştır. Sağlıklı ve inmeli grupların öznel yargı kullanım ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında inmeli gruptaki hiçbir katılımcının anlatı örneğinde öznel yargıya rastlanmamıştır.Anlatı analizleri ve ADD alt alanlarındaki sonuçlar; sağ ve sol hemisfer grubu arasında karşılaştırıldığında; morfem hatası ve yazma değerlendirme dışındaki tüm parametrelerde sol hemisfer grubu daha düşük sonuçlar almıştır. Vertebrobaziler ve karotis sistem grupları; basit cümle, efor davranışları, doldurucu söylemler, tereddüt ifadeleri ve anomi değişkenlerinde sağlıklı kontrol grubuna göre daha çok kullanım göstermiştir. Elde edilen bulgular arterier sistem hasarlarında dilin çeşitli bileşenlerinin bozulabildiğini göstermektedir. İskemik inme sonrası bireylerde afazi tespit edilmese de dil bozukluklarına sahip olmanın bir risk faktörü olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Serebrovasküler olay geçirmiş bireylerde dil ve konuşma bozuklukları subakut ve kronik dönemde değerlendirilmeli, afazi varlığından bağımsız olarak iskemik inme geçirmiş bireylerin terapötik ihtiyaçları ortaya konmalıdır. Anahtar kelimeler: anlatı, dil, inme, iskemik, lezyonThere are few studies in the literature on language disorders that may be seen in ischemic strokes not accompanied by aphasia. The aim of this study was to investigate the macrostructural and microstructural features of language in ischemic stroke patients without aphasia. ADD was administered to evaluate language in ischemic stroke patients and to determine the presence of aphasia. Narrative samples of the individuals were analyzed in terms of microstructural and macrostructural features of language. The type of the study was cross-sectional. The sample of the study consisted of a total of 62 individuals, 31 participants who did not have aphasia, 31 participants who had ischemic stroke and 31 healthy participants. In this study, the language characteristics of individuals without aphasia after ischemic stroke were compared with healthy participants using standard and descriptive tools. The type-type ratio obtained by narrative analysis, average word length in morphemes, auditory comprehension, repetition, naming, grammar, speech act and writing subtest results in the ADD showed better results in the healthy control group compared to the vertebrobasilar and carotid system groups. When the mean subjective judgment usage of the healthy and stroke groups were compared, no subjective judgment was found in the narrative sample of any participant in the stroke group. When the results in the narrative analysis and ADD subdomains were compared between the right and left hemisphere groups, the left hemisphere group had lower results in all parameters except morpheme error and writing evaluation. Participants with left hemisphere stroke without aphasia were also found to have language disorders. Vertebrobasilar and carotid system groups showed higher usage in simple sentences, effort behaviors, filler discourses, hesitation expressions and anomie variables compared to the healthy control group. The findings indicate that various components of language may be impaired in arterial system damage. Speech and language disorders in individuals with cerebrovascular events should be evaluated in the subacute and chronic periods, and the therapeutic needs of individuals with ischemic stroke should be determined regardless of the presence of aphasia. Key words: Ischemic, language, lesion, narrative, strok
Genç yetişkin bireylerde otur-kalk testlerinin alt ekstremite kas kuvvetleri ile ilişkisi = Relationship between sit-to-stand tests and lower extremity muscle strength in young adult individuals
No full textTuran, H. (2024) Genç yetişkin bireylerde otur-kalk testlerinin alt ekstremite kas kuvvetleri ile ilişkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Atlas Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul. Bu çalışma genç yetişkinlerin Otur Kalk Test (OKT) performanslarını ve alt ekstremite izometrik kas kuvvetleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek ve cinsiyetler arasındaki farkı tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 20,80±1,42 yıl olan 33 kadın ve 33 erkek genç yetişkin birey katılmıştır. Tüm bireylerin demografik özellikleri kaydedilmiş, 5 tekrarlı Otur Kalk Testi, 10 saniye Otur Kalk Testi, 30 saniye Otur Kalk Testi, 1 dakika Otur Kalk Test performansları belirlenmiş ve alt ekstremite kas kuvvetlerinden; diz ekstansiyonu, diz fleksiyonu, kalça ekstansiyonu, kalça fleksiyonu, kalça abdüksiyonu izometrik kas kuvvetleri her iki alt ekstremiteden Hend Held Dinamometre (HHD) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Cinsiyetler arasında alt ekstremite izometrik kas kuvvetlerinde anlamlı fark elde edilmiştir (p<0,005). Otur Kalk testlerinin hepsinde cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0,005). Otur kalk testleri ile toplam alt ekstremite izometrik kas kuvveti arasın küçük düzeyde ilişki tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Gelecekte Otur Kalk Testlerinin sadece kas kuvveti ile değil duyu-motor, denge, psikolojik faktörler gibi diğer parametreleriyle bütüncül bir şekilde ilişkisini inceleyen çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğunu düşünmekteyiz. Anahtar kelimeler: Otur Kalk Testi, Kas Kuvveti, Alt EkstremiteTuran, H. (2024) The relationship between sit-to-stand tests and lower extremity muscle strength in young adults. Master's, Istanbul Atlas University Education Institute, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the Sit to Stand Test (STST) performances of young adults and their lower extremity isometric muscle strength and to detect the difference between genders. 33 female and 33 male young adult individuals with an average age of 20.80±1.42 years participated in the study. The demographic characteristics of all individuals were recorded. 5-repetition Sit to Stand Test, 10 second Sit to Stand Test, 30 second Sit to Stand Test, One-minute Sit to Stand Test performances were determined and lower extremity muscle strengths; Knee extension, knee flexion, hip extension, hip flexion, hip abduction isometric muscle strengths were evaluated with a Hend Held Dynamometer(HHD) for both legs. A significant difference was obtained in lower extremity isometric muscle strength between genders (p <0.005). A significant difference was found between genders in all Sit to Stand tests (p<0.005). A small correlation was detected between sit-to-stand tests and total lower extremity isometric muscle strength (p<0,05). Future studies are needed to examine the holistic relationship of sit to stand tests not only with muscle strength but also with other parameters such as sensorimotor, balance and psychological factors. Keywords: Sit-To-Stand Test, Muscle Strength, Lower Exremit
Applications of deep learning in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic literature review of current trends, methodologies, challenges, innovations, and future directions
Get PDFAlzheimer's Disease (AD) constitutes a significant global health issue. In the next 40 years, it is expected to affect 106 million people. Although more and more people are getting AD, there are still no effective drugs to treat it. Insightful information about how important it is to find and treat AD quickly. Recently, Deep Learning (DL) techniques have been used more and more to diagnose AD. They claim better accuracy in drug reuse, medication recognition, and labeling. This essay meticulously examines the works that have talked about using DL with Alzheimer's disease. Some of the methods are Natural Language Processing (NLP), drug reuse, classification, and identification. Concerning these methods, we examine their pros and cons, paying special attention to how easily they can be explained, how safe they are, and how they can be used in medical situations. One important finding is that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are most often used for AD research and Python is most often used for DL issues. Some security problems, like data protection and model stability, are not looked at enough in the present research, according to us. This study thoroughly examines present methods and also points out areas that need more work, like better data integration and AI systems that can be explained. The findings should help guide more research and speed up the creation of DL-based AD identification tools in the future
Serum Otoconin-90 and Otolin-1 Concentrations in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Get PDFObjective: The aim was to evaluate the value of otolith-associated protein otoconin-90 (OC90) and otolin-1 in the pathogenesis research and clinical treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Material and Method: The study included 50 patients with BPPV admitted to neurology and otorhinolaryngology departments and 30 healthy subjects with no history of dizziness as a control group. Results: BPPV and controls were similar in terms of gender and age. Otolin-1 concentration was significantly greater in the BPPV group than in the controls (710.44 [584.35-837.39] vs 280.45 [212.7-419.61]; p < 0.001). No statistical significance was found, although OC90 was higher in the BPPV group than in the controls. There was a strong positive correlation between otolin-1 and OC90, a moderate negative correlation between otolin-1 and vitamin D, and a strong negative correlation between OC90 and vitamin D in the BPPV patient group. Otolin-1 had high specificity and AUC values for BPPV (AUC: 0.933; 95% CI: 0.881-0.986, 79.2% sensitivity, 100% specificity with a cutoff greater than 525). Conclusions: High serum concentrations of otolin-1 were associated with an increased risk of BPPV, but high concentrations of OC90 were not. Serum concentrations of otolin-1 can potentially be used as a biomarker for the acute onset of inner ear disorders due to the significant increase in patients with BPPV. Vitamin D has high specificity and sensitivity in patients with BPPV. It also provides evidence that BPPV patients with vitamin D deficiency may improve their symptoms with replacement therapy. More large-scale prospective studies are required to confirm these associations and clarify the exact mechanisms
Comparing fractional microneedle radiofrequency and fractional CO2 laser for striae distensae treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textStriae distensae (SD) are a prevalent dermatological concern of women and approximately 90% of pregnant women experience these stretch marks. Fractional microneedle radiofrequency (FMR) and fractional CO2 laser (FCL) have gained substantial attention in the treatment of SD. In clinical studies, a clear superiority between FMR and FCL treatments is not found due to limited studies and sample sizes. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a search of English-language articles was performed on PubMed, employing various combinations of keywords "fractional CO2 laser," "microneedle radiofrequency," and "striae". Studies that compared the treatments of FMR and FCL for SD and provided data regarding professional evaluation of improvement, patient self-assessment, and/or the presence of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) were included. We analyzed the incorporated studies utilizing both random and fixed-effects models to estimate pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Professional assessments of improvement showed no statistically significant difference between the FMR and FCL groups (OR: 1.27; 95% CI: 0.49-3.31). Similarly, patient self-assessments of improvement did not exhibit a significant difference (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.13-3.90). However, the development of PIH was significantly less frequent in the FMR group when compared to the FCL group (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.08-0.70). Both FMR and FCL demonstrate comparable performance in terms of improving lesions, as assessed by both healthcare professionals and patients. However, FCL is associated with a higher risk of developing PIH. This finding can guide clinicians especially who prefer a single treatment