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The Relationship between Vitamin D, Inflammatory Markers, and Insulin Resistance in Children
Get PDFObjective: In this study, we investigated 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D, vitamin D), inflammatory hematologic ratios such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), monocyte/HDL-C ratio (MHR) and plasma atherogenic index (PAI) and possible relationships with insulin resistance (IR) in children. Methods: A total of 210 individuals, including 96 children with IR and 114 children without IR, aged 6-18 years, who were admitted to the Pediatric Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic at Medicine Hospital, Istanbul Atlas University were included in our study. Result: Compared to patients without IR, NLR, PLR, SII, and MHR were significantly higher in patients with IR. Fasting insulin, PAI, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and HOMA-beta were significantly higher and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was considerably lower in patients with IR compared to those without IR. NLR, SII, and MHR were lower in normal vitamin D groups than the others (p < 0.001). PLR was lower in the group with normal vitamin D levels than the groups with insufficient or deficient levels of vitamin D (D < 21). Conclusions: We found that vitamin D deficiency in childhood is related to increased levels of circulating inflammatory markers (NLR, PLR, MHR, PAI), IR, and decreased insulin sensitivity. According to our results, supplementation of vitamin D may be beneficial in averting IR and enhanced systemic inflammatio
Assessing the protective effects of chard on valproic acid-induced pancreatic complications
Get PDFValproic acid (VPA) treatment is known to potentially cause adverse effects, notably as the most common cause of druginduced acute pancreatitis. It is crucial to balance the therapeutic benefits and potential major side effects of VPA administration. Complications associated with VPA may arise from toxic VPA metabolites and alterations in antioxidant levels. While chard is well-known for its anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties, there is a lack of research on its impact on the pancreas during VPA treatment. This study aimed to explore the possible protective effects of chard against VPA-induced complications in the pancreas using histological and biochemical approaches. Animals were separated into four groups: i) Control, ii) received chard (100 mg/kg), iii) received VPA (500 mg/kg), and iv) received VPA+Chard (in the same dosages and time). On the eighth day, the rats' pancreatic tissue and blood specimens were collected. In the Chard and VPA+Chard groups, chard decreased blood glucose levels compared to the control and VPA groups. In comparison to the VPA group, the VPA+Chard group pancreatic glutathione level and catalase activity increased whereas malondialdehyde levels decreased. Furthermore, administration of chard to the control and VPA groups increased tissue factor activity and sialic acid level as compared to the VPA group. The histological findings confirmed the biochemical results. It is therefore concluded that chard has the potential to protect pancreatic tissue from VPA-induced complications by reducing lipid peroxidation and blood glucose while enhancing antioxidants and sialic acid levels
Comparison of the oral microbiota of children with autism spectrum disorder in primary dentition with neurotypical controls
No full textBackground: The number of studies suggesting differences in oral microbiota in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) is increasing. However, the relationship between oral microbiota and ASD has not been determined. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the oral microbiota of children with ASD compared with neurotypical controls. Method: Nine boys with a diagnosis of ASD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association, Fifth Edition who were aged 36 to 60 months (44 +/- 6.34), and nine neurotypical age-matched boys were included in the study. After detailed clinical examinations, saliva samples were collected. DNA from the samples was investigated by highthroughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale was used to assess the severity of ASD in the case group. Results: An analysis of alpha and beta diversity indexes and principal coordinate analysis revealed no significant differences between ASD and neurotypical controls nor were there significant differences in the relative abundance of the phyla and genera between the two groups. However, the distribution of operational taxonomic units (with a relative abundance> 1 %) for Bacillales, Granulicatella elegans, Micrococcaceae, Micrococcales, Neisseria zalophi, S. anginosus SK52 = DSM 2563, S. cristatus AS 1.389, S. mitis, S. oralis subsp. dentisani and S. pneumoniae were significantly higher in the ASD group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Differences in the relative abundance of some taxa in the saliva of children with ASD compared with neurotypical controls were found. Further studies are needed to understand the relationship between oral microbiota and ASD
Impact of psychosexual development theory-based breastfeeding education on infant feeding attitudes and knowledge of primiparous mothers: A randomized controlled study
No full textPurpose: The first year of life is known as the "Oral Stage" in psychosexual development theory. We investigated the impact of psychosexual development theory-based breastfeeding education on primiparous mothers' feeding attitudes and behaviors. Design and methods: We conducted this randomized controlled study at a baby-friendly hospital between December 2022 and July 2023. Participants were randomized to intervention (n = 21) and control (n = 19) groups. All participants received the same standard discharge education in the hospital, and the intervention group received additional psychosexual development theory-based breastfeeding education. Data collection for both groups involved conducting face-to-face and telephone interviews, utilizing the Personal Information Form, IOWA Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS), Breastfeeding Form, and Psychosexual Theory and Breastfeeding Knowledge Form. The study was recorded in the Clinicaltrials.gov PRS system (ID: NCT06009120). Results: The mean IIFAS score of mothers in the intervention group was 76.23 +/- 4.10, while mothers in the control group was 66.31 +/- 5.72, which was statistically significant (p < .001). Additionally, mothers in the intervention group fed their babies with formula less often on days 5 to 8 after birth (p < .05) and breastfed more frequently and for longer durations on days 3 to 8 compared to the control group (p < .05). Conclusions: Psychosexual development theory-based breastfeeding education reduced the use of formula, increased mothers' attitudes towards breastfeeding, and increased the duration and frequency of breastfeeding. Practice implication: Integrating psychosexual development theory-based breastfeeding education into routine maternal and infant care may enhance breastfeeding attitudes and practices, potentially improving infant feeding outcomes. (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar tec
Mekanik boyun ağrısı olan kişilerde boyun maniplasyonu tedavisi ve visseral osteopati tekniklerinin karşılaştırılması = Comparison of neck manipulation treatment and visceral osteopathy techniques in people with mechanical neck pain
No full textSeyrek, C. (2024). Mekanik Boyun Ağrısı Olan Kişilerde Boyun Manipülasyonu Tedavisi ve Visseral Osteopati Tekniklerinin Karşılaştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Atlas Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul. Çalışmanın amacı mekanik kökenli boyun ağrısında (MKBA) servikal spinal manipülatif (SSM) tedavi ile visseral osteopati (VO) tekniklerinin ağrı, boyun ve üst ekstremite fonksiyonu, boyun eklem hareket açıklığı (EHA), boyun ve dirsek kas gücü ve kavrama kuvveti üzerindeki akut etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 18-60 yaş aralığında MKBA tanısı konulmuş toplam 30 olgu dahil edilmiştir. Olgular randomize bir şekilde iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Servikal spinal manipülasyon grubuna yüksek hızlı, düşük amplitüdlü (YHDA) spinal manipülasyon uygulanmıştır, diğer gruba ise visseral osteopati teknikleri uygulanmıştır. Her iki tedavi tekniği de yalnızca bir kez uygulanmıştır. Ağrı düzeyi, Vizüel Analog Skala (VAS) kullanılarak değerlendirilirken, fonksiyonellik Boyun Özürlülük İndeksi (BÖİ) ve Kol, Omuz ve El Sorunları Anketi (DASH) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Boyun EHA değerlendirmesi gonyometre kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Boyun ve dirsek kas kuvveti MicroFET 2 dinamometresi ile kavrama kuvvetleri ise Camry marka dijital göstergeli el dinamometresi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Her iki grubun müdehale öncesi ve sonrası değerleri karşılaştırıldığında kraniovertebral açı, sağ dirsek fleksiyon ve kavrama kuvvetleri hariç diğer tüm kas kuvveti ölçümlerinde, VAS, BOİ ve DASH skorlarında anlamlı iyileşmeler olmuştur (p>0,05). Gruplar arası karşılaştırmada; servikal spinal manipülasyon grubu visseral osteopati grubuna göre; boyun fleksiyon, boyun ekstansiyon ve boyun sağa ve sola lateral fleksiyon ve sol dirsek fleksiyon ve ekstansiyon ve sağ dirsek ekstansiyon kas kuvvetlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı iyileşmeler göstermiştir (p>0,05). Çalışmaya göre MKBA'da SSM ve VO tekniklerinin ağrı, boyun ve üst ekstremite fonksiyonelliği, boyun ve dirsek kas kuvvetinde etkili olduğu belirlendi."Seyrek, C. (2024). A Comparison of Spinal Manipulative Therapy and Visceral Osteopathy Techniques in Individuals with Mechanical Neck Pain. Master's Thesis, Istanbul Atlas University Graduate School of Education, Department of Anatomy, Istanbul. The aim of the study is to compare the acute effects of cervical spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) and visceral osteopathy (VO) techniques on pain, neck and upper extremity function, cervical range of motion (ROM), neck and elbow muscle strength, and grip strength in mechanical origin neck pain (MONP). A total of 30 subjects diagnosed with MONP in the age range of 18-60 were included in the study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups. High-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) spinal manipulation was applied to the cervical spinal manipulation group, while visceral osteopathy techniques were applied to the other group. Each treatment technique was applied only once. Pain level was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while functionality was assessed using the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. Cervical ROM assessment was done using a goniometer. Neck and elbow muscle strength were evaluated using the MicroFET 2 dynamometer, and grip strengths were assessed using a Camry brand digital display hand dynamometer. When pre- and post-intervention values of both groups were compared, significant improvements were observed in all muscle strength measurements except craniovertebral angle, right elbow flexion, and grip strengths, as well as in VAS, NDI, and DASH scores (p>0.05). In intergroup comparisons; the cervical spinal manipulation group showed statistically significant improvements compared to the visceral osteopathy group in neck flexion, neck extension, neck lateral flexion to the right and left, as well as left elbow flexion and extension, and right elbow extension muscle strengths (p>0.05). According to the study, it was determined that SST and VO techniques are effective in pain, neck and upper extremity functionality, and neck and elbow muscle strength in MONP
Micro- and Macrostructural Language Features in Vertebrobasilar or Carotid System Stroke Without Diagnosis of Aphasia
No full textPurpose: This study aimed to investigate the macro- and microstructural features of language in patients with ischemic stroke without aphasia. Method: Participants were grouped according to arterial system damage and given the Aphasia Language Assessment Test (ADD) to detect aphasia. A narrative sample was obtained and analyzed for macrostructural and microstructural features of the language. The study sample consisted of 31 participants with ischemic stroke (15 vertebrobasilar system [VBS] involvement and 16 carotid system [CS] involvement) and 31 healthy participants, totaling 62 individuals. Results: The healthy control group scored higher than the stroke group on the microstructural feature type-token ratio and mean length of utterance in the narrative analysis and on the auditory comprehension, repetition, naming, grammar, speech act, and writing subtests in ADD. Effort behavior, errors, edits, repetitions, and pauses among microstructural features and uncertainty, filler expression, and anomia among macrostructural features were significantly higher in the vertebrobasilar and CS groups than in the healthy control group. The total ADD score and speech fluency and reading subtest scores were significantly higher in individuals with VBS damage than in individuals with CS lesions (p < .05). Conclusions: Language components may be impaired differently in patients with carotid and vertebrobasilar lesions. Speech and language disorders in individuals who have experienced cerebrovascular accidents should be evaluated in the subacute and chronic phases, and the therapeutic needs of patients with ischemic stroke should be determined, regardless of the presence of a clinical aphasia diagnosis
Effects of Bosentan on Hypoxia, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Blunt Thoracic Trauma Model
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, on endothelin-1 (ET-1), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha as inflammation markers, pro-oxidant antioxidant balance (PAB), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels as oxidative stress parameters in lung tissues of rats in an experimental model of pulmonary contusion (PC) induced by blunt thoracic trauma. Materials and Methods: Thirty-seven male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups. C: The control group (n = 6) consisted of unprocessed and untreated rats. PC3 (n = 8) underwent 3 days of PC. PC-B3 (n = 8) received 100 mg/kg bosentan and was given orally once a day for 3 days. The PC7 group (n = 7) underwent 7 days of PC, and PC-B7 (n = 8) received 100 mg/kg bosentan and was given orally once a day for 7 days. Results: ET-1, NF-kappa B, TNF-alpha, HIF-1 alpha, and PAB levels were higher, while TAC activity was lower in all groups compared with the control (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in ET-1 and TNF-alpha levels between the PC-B3 and PC-B7 groups and the control group (p < 0.05), while NF-kappa B, HIF-1 alpha, and PAB levels were still higher in both the PC-B3 and PC-B7 groups than in the control group. Bosentan decreased ET-1, NF-kappa B, TNF-alpha, HIF-1 alpha, and PAB and increased TAC levels in comparison to the nontreated groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Bosentan decreased the severity of oxidative stress in the lungs and reduced the inflammatory reaction in rats with PC induced by blunt thoracic trauma. This suggests that bosentan may have protective effects on lung injury mechanisms by reducing hypoxia, inflammation, and oxidative stress. If supported by similar studies, bosentan can be used in both pulmonary and emergency clinics to reduce ischemic complications, inflammation, and oxidative stress in some diseases that may be accompanied by ischemia
Açıklanamayan İnfertilitede Intrauterin İnseminasyonun Yeri ve Kullanılan Over Stimulasyon Protokolleri ile Yaşın Gebelik Oranlarına Etkisi Var Mı?
Get PDFAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, açıklanamayan infertilitede intrauterin inseminasyonun yeri olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Birincil olarak başarı oranı, ikincil
olarak bu endikasyonda, varsa intrauterin inseminasyonun başarısının yaş ve kullanılan over stimülasyon protokolüne bağlı olup olmadığının incelenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif kohort gözlemsel çalışmamız, 2018-2019 yılları arasında 18-43 yaşlarında açıklanamayan infertil tanısıyla intrauterin
inseminasyon yapılan 113 hastayı içermektedir. Klinik gebelik oranları frekans (yüzde) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Kadın yaşının, over stimulasyonu için kullanılan
ilaçların klinik gebelik oranlarına etkisi Pearson Ki Kare testi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Açıklanamayan infertilitede intrauterin inseminasyon ile tüm hastalarda klinik gebelik oranı % 14.1 dir. Yaş, gebelik oranını anlamlı derecede etkilemiyor görünmektedir, ancak en fazla gebelik 35 yaş altı grupta elde edilmiştir. Over stimulasyonu için gonadotropinlerin kullanıldığı grupta gebelik oranları
en yüksektir (%36.4), oral ilaçla birlikte gonadotropinlerin kullanıldığı gruptaki gebelik oranı da dikkat çekici derecede iyidir (%33.3). İlaç ve yaşın kombine
etkisi istatistiksel olarak anlamsızdır.
Sonuç: Çalışmamıza göre açıklanamayan infertilitede, İUİ tek denemede bile dikkat çekici başarısıyla denenmeye değer bir yöntemdir. Maliyet etkin,
uygulaması kolay, daha az invazif, hasta dostu bu tedavi, iyi seçilmiş hasta grubunda ilk seçenek olarak önerilebilir. Hasta yaşının ve stimulasyon protokollerinin gebelik oranlarına etkisi anlamlı değildir.Objective: The aim of this study was to show whether intrauterine insemination has a place in unexplained infertility. The primary aim was to examine the
success rate, and secondarily was to examine whether the success of intrauterine insemination in this indication, if any, depends on age and the ovarian
stimulation protocol used.
Materials and Methods: Our retrospective cohort observational study included 113 patients aged 18-43 years who underwent intrauterine insemination for
unexplained infertility between 2018-2019. Clinical pregnancy rates were calculated as frequency (percentage). The effect of female age and medications
used for oocyte stimulation on clinical pregnancy rates were evaluated by Pearson Chi-Square test.
Results: The clinical pregnancy rate with intrauterine insemination in unexplained infertility was 14.1% in all patients. Age did not seem to significantly
affect the pregnancy rate, but the highest number of pregnancies was achieved in the group under 35 years of age. Pregnancy rates were highest in
the group using gonadotropins for oocyte stimulation (36.4%), while the pregnancy rate in the group using gonadotropins with oral medication was also
remarkably good (33.3%). The combined effect of medication and age was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: According to our study, IUI is a method worth trying in unexplained infertility with remarkable success even in a single attempt. This cost-effective, easy-to-administer, less invasive, patient-friendly treatment can be recommended as a first-line option in well-selected patient groups. The effect of
patient age and stimulation protocols on pregnancy rates is insignificant
A Morphometric Study of Cadavers for the Anterior Approach to the Lower Lumbar Spine
No full textAIM: To explore the relationship between the retroperitoneal vasculature and anterior surface of the lower spine, and to establish values for aiding in prediction of the pertinence of anterior approach at the L4 -L5 and L5 -S1 intervertebral discs. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 13 fresh human cadavers. After exploration of the abdominal cavity and removal of the visceral organs, the vasculature, and anterior spinal surface were revealed beneath the lower extension of the perirenal fascia. Morphometric measurements of the great vessels and the intervertebral discs were obtained. All measurements were analyzed and presented as mean and standard deviation. Differences in the values between sexes were assessed. RESULTS: The anterior height of the L4 -L5 and L5 -S1 intervertebral disc was 6.8 +/- 0.81 mm and 6.7 +/- 0.99 mm, respectively. The widths of the aorta, inferior vena cava, right and left common iliac arteries, and right, and left common iliac veins were 16.4 +/- 3.58, 20.6 +/- 3.36, 11.5 +/- 2.32, 11.5 +/- 2.43, 14.7 +/- 3.13, and 15.5 +/- 3.27 mm, respectively. The mean aortic bifurcation angle was 45.5 degrees. The aortic bifurcation was located above the lower endplate of the L4 vertebrae in 53.8% of the cadavers. The area of the interarterial and interiliac trigones was 14.6 +/- 5.33 cm 2 and 7.1 +/- 4.35 cm 2 , respectively. No statistically significant differences were noted between the sexes. CONCLUSION: An elaborate radiological examination of the vasculature should be performed prior to surgery to avoid unwanted vascular complications during the anterior approach. Knowing the area of the interarterial and interiliac triangles and the aortic bifurcation location could be aid in assessing the safe working zone
Comparable ongoing pregnancy and pregnancy loss rates in natural cycle and artificial cycle frozen embryo transfers with intensive method-specific luteal phase support; a retrospective cohort study
No full textStudy objective: The absence of corpus lutea in artificial cycle (AC) frozen embryo transfers (FET) may increase the chances of pregnancy loss. In this retrospective cohort study, the efficacy of AC endometrial preparation was compared natural cycle (NC) endometrial preparation in terms of ongoing pregnancy. Methods: One thousand six hundred and eighteen consecutive vitrified-warmed blastocyst FET performed between December 2021 and November 2022 were included, with 1023 compared after exclusions according to the endometrial preparation method; 293 NC-FET, 143 modified NC-FET, 204 unprogrammed AC-FET, and 383 oral contraceptive pill (OCP) programmed AC-FET. Intensive method-specific luteal phase support (LPS) was administered in NC- (human chorionic gonadotropin and micronized vaginal progesterone), mNC- (micronized vaginal progesterone), and in AC-FET (micronized vaginal progesterone, intramuscular progesterone, and oral dydrogesterone). Results: Clinician choice of endometrial preparation method resulted in the NC- or AC-FET groups having distinct differences, with female age, antral follicle count and body mass index as well as the percentage of DOR or PCOS diagnosed patients significantly different. The unadjusted ongoing pregnancy and total pregnancy loss rates for NC-, mNC-, AC-, and ocp-AC-FET were 61.8 %, 55.2 %, 57.4 %, and 58.5 %, and 19.2 %, 24.0 %, 23.5 % and 23.8 %, respectively. In multivariate logistic regressions to predict the dependent outcomes of ongoing pregnancy and total pregnancy loss, none of the FET methods were selected as independent predictors. Conclusion: Patients undergoing NC- and AC-FET with method-specific progesterone LPS had comparable ongoing pregnancy rates as well as total pregnancy loss rates, with NC-FET ranked first in the regression analysis