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Comparison of several anthropometric measurements and blood lipid-related indexes in metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in adults: A cross-sectional study
Get PDFDyslipidemia is strongly related to metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Therefore, the lipid profile may be a potential indicator of defining MAFLD. Anthropometric measurements are widely used as simple and practicable tools to screen metabolic dysfunction, and no study determined the relationship between anthropometric measurements and blood lipid-related indexes. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between several anthropometric measurements and blood lipid-related indexes in MAFLD patients. This study was conducted among 123 MAFLD patients in a private University Hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, between 01.06.2021 - 30.12.2021. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were taken from all patients. Hepatic steatosis was determined using ultrasonography. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Neck circumference (NC) was moderately associated with triglyceride glucose index (TyG) in both genders. It was found that there was a moderate correlation between NC and cardiometabolic index (CMI), triglyceride (TG), and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein ratio (TG/HDL-C) in women, whereas it was weakly correlated with CMI index in men. Neck-to-height ratio (NHtR) was moderately associated with CMI, and TyG indexes in women, while it was weakly correlated with TyG index in men. There was a moderate association between waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in women. However, it was only weakly correlated with CMI index in men. It was observed that the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was only linked with TyG index in men. Additionally, the body mass index (BMI) and blood lipid-related indicators had no association. Our finding suggests that both NC and NHtR could be used to predict the risk of dyslipidemia in MAFLD, especially among women
Navigating the Intersection of Technology and Depression Precision Medicine
No full textThis chapter primarily focuses on the progress in depression precision medicine with specific emphasis on the integrative approaches that include artificial intelligence and other data, tools, and technologies. After the description of the concept of precision medicine and a comparative introduction to depression precision medicine with cancer and epilepsy, new avenues of depression precision medicine derived from integrated artificial intelligence and other sources will be presented. Additionally, less advanced areas, such as comorbidity between depression and cancer, will be examined
Üniversitedeki sporcu öğrencilerin beslenme bilgisi ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ile sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasındaki ilişki / The relationship between nutrition knowledge and physical activity levels and healthy lifestyle behaviors of student athletes at university
No full textSağlıklı yaşam beklentisini arttırabilmek ve sağlık sorunlarını en aza indirebilmek için beslenme ve fiziksel aktivitenin de içinde yer aldığı sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları en temel boyutları barındırmaktadır. Bu çalışma özel bir vakıf üniversitesindeki sporcu öğrencilerin beslenme bilgisini ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini ölçerek sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ile arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla kesitsel-tanımlayıcı olarak planlanmıştır. Çalışmaya İstanbul Atlas Üniversitesi'nde okul takımında yer alan 18-27 yaş arası 126 sporcu öğrenci dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara gönüllülük esasına dayalı olarak anket uygulanmıştır. Anketlerde genel bilgiler formu, sporcu beslenmesi bilgi anketi, uluslararası fiziksel aktivite anketi, sağlıklı yaşam biçim davranışları ölçeği ve besin tüketim kayıtları sorgulanmıştır. Örneklem sayısının %63.5'ini oluşturan erkeklerin yaş ortalaması 21.0±2.1 ve %36.5'ini oluşturan kadınların yaş ortalaması 20.3±1.9 yıldır. Kadınların %45'i birinci sınıf, %28.7'si ikinci sınıf, %20.0'ı üçüncü sınıf, %6.3'ü dördüncü sınıf öğrencisidir. Erkeklerin %32.6'sı birinci sınıf, %52.2'si ikinci sınıf, %10.9'u üçüncü sınıf, %4.3'ü dördüncü sınıf öğrencisidir. Spor dalları incelendiğinde katılımcıların %38.1'i kuvvet ve güç sporlarıyla, %61.9'u takım sporlarıyla ilgilenmektedir. Sporcu öğrencilerin %31.5'i beslenme eğitimi almış ve beslenme eğitimi alan öğrencilerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları toplam puanı yüksek bulunmuştur. MET skorlamasında kadın öğrencilerin (%72.5) erkek öğrencilerden (%69.6) daha aktif olduğu görülmüştür. Katılımcıların spor beslenmesi bilgi anketi puanı ortalama 41.32±9.30, sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları puanı ortalama 132.23±19.12 bulunmuştur. Üniversiteli sporcu öğrencilerin düşük beslenme bilgisine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Almış oldukları beslenme eğitimleri, okudukları bölüm, yaş ve sınıf düzeylerindeki artış öğrencilerin beslenme bilgisini olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Sporcu öğrencilerin beslenme bilgi düzeyleri arttıkça fiziksel aktivitede aktiflik derecesi artmış ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarını olumlu yönde etkileyerek toplam puanlarında artış gözlenmiştir.In order to increase healthy life expectancy and minimize health problems, healthy lifestyle behaviors including nutrition and physical activity are the most fundamental dimensions. This cross-sectional descriptive study was planned to evaluate the relationship between nutrition knowledge and physical activity levels of student athletes at a private foundation university and healthy lifestyle behaviors. The study included 126 student athletes between the ages of 18-27 years who were part of the school team at Istanbul Atlas University. A questionnaire was applied to the participants on the basis of volunteerism. In the questionnaires, general information form, sports nutrition information questionnaire, international physical activity questionnaire, healthy lifestyle behaviors scale and food consumption records were questioned. The mean age of the men, who constituted 63.5% of the sample, was 21.0±2.1 years and the mean age of the women, who constituted 36.5%, was 20.3±1.9 years. Among the women, 45% were first-year students, 28.7% were second-year students, 20.0% were third-year students, and 6.3% were fourth-year students. Among males, 32.6% were first-year students, 52.2% were second-year students, 10.9% were third-year students, and 4.3% were fourth-year students. When the sports branches were analyzed, 38.1% of the participants were interested in strength and power sports and 61.9% were interested in team sports. Of the athlete students, 31.5% received nutrition education and the physical activity levels and healthy lifestyle behaviors total score of the students who received nutrition education were found to be high. In MET scoring, female students (72.5%) were more active than male students (69.6%). The mean sports nutrition knowledge questionnaire score of the participants was 41.32±9.30 and the mean healthy lifestyle behaviors score was 132.23±19.12. It was observed that university student athletes had low nutritional knowledge. The nutrition education they received, the department they studied, and the increase in age and grade level positively affected the nutritional knowledge of the students. As the nutritional knowledge level of the athlete students increased, the degree of activity in physical activity increased and an increase was observed in their total scores by positively affecting their healthy lifestyle behaviors
The moderating role of work experience in the effect of ethical culture on whistleblowing in healthcare professionals and the effect of organizational trust on whistleblowing
No full textObjective: This study aims to determine the moderator role of work experience in the impact of ethical culture perceptions of healthcare professionals on their whistleblowing tendencies. It is also to reveal the effect of organizational trust on whistleblowing. Methods: The population of the study consists of health personnel working in the public or private sector in Turkey. The sample of the study consists of 481 health workers who voluntarily participated in the survey. Data were collected using the convenience sampling technique. In collecting data, whistleblowing, organizational trust, and ethical culture scales were used. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and path analysis in the structural equation model were performed. Results: The findings reveal that organizational trust has an impact on ethical culture and that some sub-components of organizational trust and ethical culture have an impact on whistleblowing. In addition, it has been determined that the group of health professionals with low work experience has a moderating role in the effect of applicability on internal whistleblowing. Conclusion: To handle the whistleblowing mechanism internally in health institutions, it is important to clearly show the ethical rules to the employees. On the other hand, it has been seen that the professional experiences of the employees can be used as a tool for whistleblowing to work. (c) 2024 Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved
Oral microbial dysbiosis in patients with oral cavity cancers
Get PDFObjectives The pathogenesis of oral cavity cancers is complex. We tested the hypothesis that oral microbiota dysbiosis is associated with oral cavity cancer. Materials and methods Patients with primary oral cavity cancer who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Matching healthy individuals were recruited as controls. Data on socio-demographic and behavioral factors, self-reported periodontal measures and habits, and current dental status were collected using a structured questionnaire and periodontal chartings. In addition to self-reported oral health measures, each participant received a standard and detailed clinical examination. DNA was extracted from saliva samples from patients and healthy controls. Next-generation sequencing was performed by targeting V3-V4 gene regions of the 16 S rRNA with subsequent bioinformatic analyses. Results Patients with oral cavity cancers had a lower quality of oral health than healthy controls. Proteobacteria, Aggregatibacter, Haemophilus, and Neisseria decreased, while Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Lactobacillus, Gemella, and Fusobacteria increased in oral cancer patients. At the species level, C. durum, L. umeaens, N. subflava, A. massiliensis, and V. dispar were significantly lower, while G. haemolysans was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Major periodontopathogens associated with periodontal disease (P. gingivalis and F.nucleatum) increased 6.5- and 2.8-fold, respectively. Conclusion These data suggested that patients with oral cancer had worse oral health conditions and a distinct oral microbiome composition that is affected by personal daily habits and may be associated with the pathogenicity of the disease and interspecies interactions. Clinical relevance This paper demonstrates the link between oral bacteria and oral cancers, identifying mechanistic interactions between species of oral microbiome
Çalışan bireylerde rekreasyonel aktivite, sağlıklı yaşam davranışları, iş yaşam kalitesi ve okupasyonel denge arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi / Examining the relationship between recreational activity, healthy life behaviors, quality of work life and occupational balance in working individuals
No full textBireylerin serbest zamanlarını değerlendirme şekilleri, fiziksel ve ruhsal sağlığı ve iş hayatında deneyimlediği memnuniyet, tatmin ve refah düzeyi bireyin okupasyonel dengesi ve yaşam kalitesi açısından önemlidir. Okupasyonel dengeyi korumak, bireyin fiziksel ve zihinsel sağlığını destekler ve yaşam kalitesini artırır. Bu araştırmada çalışan bireylerde rekreasyonel aktivite, sağlıklı yaşam davranışları ve ı̇ş yaşam kalitesinin okupasyonel dengeye etkisinim ı̇ncelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma örneklemi gönüllü olarak katılım sağlayan 424 sağlıklı bireyden oluşmaktadır. Değerlendirmede demografik bilgilerine ek olarak, boş zaman aktivite tutumlarını değerlendirmek için Boş Zaman Tutum Ölçeği, sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları için Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği II, yaşam kalitesinin belirlenmesi için Çalışanlar için Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği ve okupasyonel denge için Okupasyonel Denge Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılarda serbest zaman tutumu, sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları, yaş, haftalık çalışma süresi ve gelir durumu değişkenlerinin okupasyonel denge üzerinde pozitif yönlü etkiye sahip olduğu ve artırdığı görülmektedir. Buna karşılık çalışanlar için yaşam kalitesi, mesleki kıdem ve boş zamanı değerlendirmede güçlük yaşama durumununun artmasının okupasyonel dengeyi olumsuz etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların yaşam kaliteleri ile ilgili olarak cinsiyet ve yaşa göre anlamlı farklılık meydana gelmediği, bekar bireylerde evli olanlara göre yaşam kalitesinin daha yüksek olduğu, ayrıca evli olan bireylerde sağlık sorumluluğu ve beslenme alışkanlıklarının bekar bireylere göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların çalışanlar için yaşam kalitesi ile ilgili olarak bekar bireylerin evli bireylere göre tükenmişlik düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Katılımcılarda okupasyonel denge bakımından cinsiyet, yaş, medeni durum, mesleki kıdem ve haftalık çalışma süresine göre anlamlı farklılık meydana gelmediği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca gelir düzeyi orta olan katılımcıların okupasyonel denge düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu, boş zamanları değerlendirmede güçlük yaşamayan katılımcıların hiçbir zaman güçlük yaşamayan katılımcılarda bazen ve her zaman güçlük yaşayanlara göre okupasyonel denge düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir
Investigation of comparative Nonword repetition performance in multiple sclerosis: Group differences, subtype variations, and disability effects
No full textThis study investigated Nonword Repetition (NWR) tasks in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) compared to healthy controls (HC), focusing on phonological working memory (WMP). Significant differences were found in NWR acurracy (NWRacc) score between MS subgroups and HC (H = 48.2, p < 0.001). NWRacc decreased as the number of syllables increased in both groups, indicating increased cognitive load. All MS subtypes showed lower NWRacc compared to HC across varying syllable lengths (Mann Whitney U Test: two syllables U = 64.5, p < 0.001; three syllables U = 183, p < 0.001; four syllables U = 248, p < 0.001; five syllables U = 283.5, p < 0.001). However, no significant differences were found within MS subtypes based on syllable length. NWRacc did not differ between mild and severe MS groups. Overall, the NWR test effectively assessed WMP in MS, highlighting its utility in diagnosing and addressing language-cognitive challenges in individuals with MS. This underscores the importance of tailored intervention strategies to mitigate these challenges
Reliability, validity and normative data of the timed water swallow test accompanied by sEMG
Get PDFPurpose Swallowing disorders are highly interrelated with increased morbidity and mortality rates; therefore, early detection is crucial. Most screening tools rely on subjective observation, thus making objective assessment tools more vital. Timed Water Swallowing Test (TWST) is a screening tool used in the field providing quantitative data. This study aimed to investigate the swallowing parameters in a wide age range by using TWST and to expand the already existing normative data pool accordingly. It is also aimed to examine the reliability of the TWST and assess its validity in stroke survivors. Materials and methods This study had a cross-sectional design. TWST carried out simultaneously along with surface EMG and laryngeal sensor on 196 healthy subjects aged 10 to 80 for normative data. Also, TWST carried out 30 patients having a history of recent stroke. Test-retest and inter-rater scoring analysis were used for reliability purposes, while Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) test was used for validity purposes. Additionally, the correlations between the participants' TWST scores and GUSS scores were examined using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results The normative TWST data of healthy participants are tabulated and presented and their average swallowing capacity was found 13.73 ml/s. Furthermore, the mean swallowing capacity of stroke survivors was found 4.61 ml/s. As a result of validity analyses, a statistically strong and significant relationship was found between GUSS and TWST parameters (r = 0.775, p < 0.001). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and correlation values were found between moderate to good agreement between test-retest measurement (ICC = 0.563 to 0.891, p < 0.05). Also, the agreement between the raters was found to be significant (ICC = 0.949 to 0.995, p < 0.05). Conclusion TWST is a valid and reliable screening tool to evaluate dysphagia on given population. Although the test's performance on healthy individuals is adequate, more research is still needed to confirm that it can be used as a screening tool for stroke
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention-Related Iatrogenic Fistula in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Get PDFIatrogenic coronary artery fistula (CAF) can occur following acute myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures, and heart surgery. Iatrogenic CAF linked to PCI has a low incidence rate. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial when an iatrogenic fistula develops, as it may lead to cardiac tamponade, myocardial infarction, or death. In this report, we present a case of iatrogenic CAF secondary to coronary perforation caused by guidewire-induced trauma, followed by stent implantation and balloon inflation in the context of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). It was successfully managed through prolonged balloon inflation within the previously implanted stent just prior to the rupture zone
