Medico Research Chronicles
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PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA OF THE PALATE
Get PDFSalivary gland neoplasms account for 2-3 % of all neoplasms occurring in the head and neck region. Pleomorphic adenoma is a mixed benign neoplasm mainly affecting the major salivary gland of which parotid is the most common. It may also affect the minor salivary glands and present as an intraoral mass over the palate or lip. We hereby report a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the hard palate. An effort has also been put into reviewing the existing literature on this entity
EVALUATION OF CYCLIC FATIGUE RESISTANCE OF ROTARY NITI VS CONTROLLED MEMORY ENDODONTIC FILE SYSTEMS: AN IN-VITRO STUDY
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to compare fracture resistance of Hyflex CM, Hero Shapers and Vortex NiTi file systems due to cyclic fatigue in curved canals. The methodology in this study involved testing the cyclic fatigue of endodontic root canal file rotating at 375 rpm. A simulated model was created such that, the instrument will bend at 60 degrees during function, maximum curvature being 5 mm from the tip of the file. The number of rotations till the instrument fractured was recorded by mathematical formula. The results were statistically analyzed. Hyflex CM performed significantly better than Vortex & Hero Shapers file system. However there was no statistically significant difference observed between Vortex & Hero Shapers file system in terms of cyclic fatigue
ABDOMINAL TUBERCULOSIS PRESENTING WITH SPONTANEOUS RECTOVAGINAL FISTULA IN A 7 YEAR OLD CHILD – A CASE REPORT
Get PDFAbdominal tuberculosis presenting with spontaneous recto-vaginal fistula is very rare. We present a case of 7 year old, female, Nigerian child who had chronic diarrhoea, weight loss and intermittent fever for one year duration with spontaneous discharge of faecal matter from the vagina for 3 months. Because diagnosis of primary abdominal TB is very challenging, prevention of the disease and high index of suspicion are invaluable in management to reduce morbidity and mortality of the disease
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVE AMONG METTU UNIVERSITY FEMALE STUDENTS, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, WEST ETHIOPIA
Get PDFHigher Education students\u27 unwanted pregnancies pose a major public health problems in the developed and developing countries including Ethiopia and are associated with far reaching effects. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of emergency contraceptives and factors affecting it among of female students of Mettu University. Institution based cross-sectional study on assessing knowledge, attitude and practice of emergency contraceptive was conducted from March to April 2013. Among the total participants (n = 318), only 25.8 % were sexually active. Ninety-three (29.3%) of them had ever heard of Emergency Contraceptive and only 21 (22.6%) used the method. The majority (78.5%) of the respondents had a positive attitude towards emergency contraceptives. Knowledge of emergency contraceptives was significantly associated with the faculty of respondents and sexual status of respondents (p<0.05). Similarly, attitude and practice of emergency contraceptives were significantly associated with predictor variables, including age, faculty and sexual status of respondents (P< 0.05). The study showed low emergency contraceptive awareness and usage was found to be low. Therefore, it is highly recommended that interventions intended to combat maternal mortality through contraceptive usage need to be aware of such information specific to the target groups
THE LIVER – AN UPDATE
Get PDFDental practitioners are increasingly exposed to patients with medical problems these days. The liver disorder is one such group of disease which is associated with profound morbidity. There have been instances of neglect leading to transmission of infections in dental settings. It has also been observed that there are instances where dentists refuse to treat patients with certain illnesses due to ignorance of facts. It is mandatory for us to update our knowledge regularly. In this article, we will discuss the liver disorders and its implications in the practice of dentistry.
Clinical Relevance: Dentists should be able to manage/treat patients with liver disorders effectively.
Objective Statement: The reader should understand the various disorders that commonly affect the liver, oral manifestation of liver disorders and clinical implications. They should be able to make appropriate measures to prevent cross infection
CORNEAL ENDOTHELIAL CELL LOSS AFTER SMALL INCISION CATARACT SURGERY IN DIABETIC VERSES NON DIABETIC PATIENTS
Get PDFRationale : This study was undertaken to assess the postoperative endothelial cell loss, change in endothelial cell morphology and central corneal thickness in patients with type II diabetes undergoing manual SICS and to compare them with age-matched normal individuals.
Method: The present study is a prospective, comparative study carried out at a tertiary care hospital which aims to assess and compare the endothelial cell loss and changes in central corneal thickness after manual small incision cataract surgery in patients with type II diabetes versus age-matched normal individuals.
Result: A total of 100 eyes of 100 individuals with type II diabetes and 100 eyes of 100 age matched normal individuals in the age group of 50-80 years were studied The endothelial cell loss at 3 months in cases was 22.01 ± 10.49% and in controls was 16.64 ± 6.72% with a significant difference indicating increased vulnerability of corneal endothelium in diabetics to intraocular surgical stress.• Coefficient of variation of cell size and percentage of hexagonal cells, being indicators of repair after cataract surgery were not found to be significantly different in cases and controls.• Central corneal thickness was maximum at the first follow up at 2 weeks in both the groups, and then gradually decreased. CCT was significantly raised in diabetics in all the follow-ups indicating a slower resolution of postoperative corneal edema in diabetics.
Conclusion: Postoperatively, there was a significant endothelial cell loss between cases and controls at 3 months. Therefore, in spite of a good glycemic control and no corneal abnormalities before surgery, the endothelium in diabetic subjects was found to be more vulnerable to surgical trauma and also having a lower capability in the process of repair. This suggests that eyes of diabetic patients are under metabolic stress and have corneal endothelium with lower reserve ability than non diabetic eyes. Therefore, surgery should be planned with appropriate precautions in diabetic patients
ULTRASOUND-GUIDED FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY RESULTS OF THYROID NODULES IN A SINGLE CENTER
Get PDFObjective: To review the fine needle aspiration biopsy results of the thyroid (TFNAB) of 679 patients with nodular goiter who were diagnosed and followed in our center and to compare postsurgical diagnoses with pre-surgical TFNAB results in 27 patients. Method: Demographic and thyroid nodule characteristics on B-mode ultrasonography, TFNAB cytological findings and post-surgical histopathological results of all patients were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: Mean age (±SD) of 679 patients during TFNAB was 53±12 years of whom 116 (17%) were males (mean age: 56±13.5 years) and 563 (83%) were females (mean age: 52.4±11.8 years). No significant difference was observed in terms of age between males and females. Of 679 patients, 614 (90%) were in euthyroid, 42 (6%) were hyperthyroid and 23 (4%) were hypothyroid. TFNAB was performed once in 592 (87%) patients, twice in 93 (12%) patients, and thrice in 8 (1%) patients. 27/679 patients with TFNAB (3.9%) underwent thyroidectomy due to suspected malignancy; the remaining 652 patients were followed-up by USG and periodic clinical examinations. According to the TFNAB-based diagnoses of 27 operated patients, 3 were classified as Bethesda 6, 3 as Bethesda 5, 11 as Bethesda 4 and 10 as Bethesda 3. Among the 27 patients, 10 were malignant and 17 were benign, according to the post-surgical histopathological analysis. Malignancy was diagnosed on the post-surgical histopathological analysis in all patients who were categorized as Bethesda 6 and 5. However, only 3 of the 11 patients who were classified as Bethesda 4 and 10 of the patients who were classified as Bethesda 3 were reported as malignant. Considering 10 patients who were diagnosed as malignant on the post-surgical histopathological result, the rate of malignancy was 1.5 in all 679.
Conclusion: TFNAB results per se contribute to final diagnosis, particularly for nodules reported as Bethesda 5 and 6. However, in TFNAB results reported as Bethesda 3 and 4, cytological findings as well as clinical and USG features and if available, Elastosonographic or molecular genetics examinations should be taken into account for proper selection of patients for thyroidectomy
IMPACT OF QUIZ IN TEACHING HOSPITAL WASTE MANAGEMENT TO UNDER GRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS
Get PDFResearch question: Whether Quiz method can serve as an alternative and innovative method to teach “Hospital Waste Mangement†for undergratuate medical students.
Methods: Descriptive study was undertaken among 30 MBBS students in the Department of Commuity medicine, MAPIMS. A series of 4 session by quiz method was conducted to teach ““Hospital Waste Mangementâ€. There were 3 teams in which 4 students were selected as participants. Pretest and post test was conducted to evaluate their performance and in addition feedback was elicited.
Results: The performance of the students in quiz was encouraging with winner team scoring 90%. The average score in pretest and posttest was 47.14% and 90.71% respectively. The students appreciated the method as it was different from routine lectures, innovative, interesting, interactive, informative, helped them to come prepared and scope for participation. They suggested to have more quiz sessions for other topis as well.
Conclusion: Quiz method was sucessfully used to teach “Hospital Waste Mangement†to under gratuate medical students
AUTOFLUORESCENCE OF TEAR PROTEINS
Get PDFTears contain many different proteins which can act as endogenous fluorescence biomarkers. This biological fluid is not used in clinical practice yet. The aim of this work is an experimental analysis of final fluorescence intensity of tear´s proteins from right and left eye of healthy subjects by synchronous fluorescence fingerprint. Tears of the healthy subjects exhibited the final protein fluorescence as the fluorescence peak placed at λ = 280 nm/ ∆λ 70 nm. The fluorescence analysis might be a non-traditional methodology for an early rapid diagnosis of eye diseases in next experimental analysis and in clinical practice
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SALIVARY AND SERUM CORTISOL LEVELS IN THE HEALTHY POPULATION
Get PDFAim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between salivary and serum cortisol levels in the healthy population.
Methods: 30 healthy women and men, aged from 22 to 53 years old, were included in our study. All the participants were healthy, without any known disease. Two samples of salivary and serum cortisol were collected from all the participants in the study, in the morning and in the afternoon, before and after work. The mean age was 33 ± 14 SD years old. 60% (18) were females and 40% (12) were males. All the participants were within normal weight range, the mean BMI was 23.5 kg/m². All the subjects followed the rules of salivary sample collection.
Results: The mean age of the healthy subjects was 33 ± 14 years old. The mean baseline morning cortisol level of the study population was 159.6 ng/ml (SD: 41.7; normal range 55-230 ng/ml, 8:00 AM) and the mean salivary cortisol level in the morning was 3.2 µg/dL (SD: 2.4µg/dL; normal range 1-11.3 µg/dL). After work, at 4:00 PM, the mean baseline serum cortisol was 100.1 ng/ml (SD: 30.7; normal range 28-140 ng/ml) and the mean salivary cortisol level after work was 1.21 µg/dl (SD: 0.59; normal range 0.2-2.7 µg/dl). Baseline salivary cortisol correlated significantly with serum salivary cortisol before and after work; at 8:00 AM and 4:00PM; p <0.05 in the morning and p< 0.0001 after work. The Pearson’s coefficients were 0.44 in the morning and 0.7 in the afternoon.
Conclusions: In our study we found a correlation between salivary and serum cortisol levels in both samples, in the morning and in the afternoon. The salivary cortisol levels correlated significantly with the serum cortisol levels (r = 0.44, p< 0.05 in the morning and r = 0.7, p<0.00.1 in the afternoon)