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BARRIERS TO MALE INVOLVEMENT IN UPTAKE OF PREVENTION-OF-MOTHER-TO-CHILD-TRANSMISSION (PMTCT) OF HIV IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Full text linkSub-Saharan Africa continues to bear the burden of HIV/AIDS in the world, with countries like Ethiopia, Congo, Eritrea, and Nigeria constituting the highest percentages of the burden. Women and children are the most affected. Nigeria was reported second on the list of countries with the highest number of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) which was 3.5 million in 2011 including pregnant women. Despite the fact that the prevention of mother-to-child-transmission of HIV/AIDS (PMTCT) services is provided free in Sub-Saharan Africa, research shows inadequate uptake. This study identifies reasons for low uptake of PMTCT associated with male involvement and provides evidence from the literature on best practices to overcome low male involvement. A literature search was conducted and 22 articles were selected for this review. Findings revealed that if men participated in PMTCT programs and supported their wives, uptake could increase. Important barriers to male involvement identified were fear of stigmatization and the belief that men should not participate in female reproductive health
NITROBENZENE POISONING: A CASE REPORT METHHEMOGLOBINEMIA DUE TO NITROBENZENE INGESTION (PAINT SOLVENT, OIL OF MIRBANE)
Full text linkA case of acute poisoning with nitrobenzene is presented where clinical evaluation and timely management, with repeated intravenous methylene blue & Blood transfusions, helped to save a life. It is important to take care of the secondary cycling of nitrobenzene from body stores in patients presenting late, after heavy exposure
EFFECTIVENESS OF A TRAINING PROGRAMME ON EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVES: A STUDY AMONG GRASS ROOT LEVEL HEALTH WORKERS
Full text linkIntroduction: Accurate knowledge of Emergency Contraceptive procedure among the peripheral health workers is absolutely essential so that they percolate the correct knowledge and also ensure adequate practice in the community they serve especially among women of the reproductive age group which will ultimately lead to a reduction of unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions.
Objectives: To find out the knowledge on Emergency Contraception among health workers prior to and after health education regarding EC and to assess the impact of the training in the form of improvement of knowledge on the subject.
Method: Institution based cross-sectional study among health workers. At the beginning the health workers were asked to fill a self- administered questionnaire following which training was given on emergency contraceptives. All efforts were made to make the training contents appropriate, adequate, simple, and concise and at the same time very informative. The session was very interactive, lively, and enjoyable. 2 weeks after the training program a posttest schedule was again filled up by the participants in order to assess the improvement of their knowledge. The health workers’ knowledge (pre and post-intervention) was measured with the help of scores.
Result: Mean (SD) pre-intervention knowledge score was 14.37±6.698 while Mean (SD) post-intervention score was 29.52±6.057. There was a statistically significant difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention scores.
Conclusion: A well-organized training program on EC will enhance the knowledge of the health workers and this on the turn will be very beneficial for the community especially for women of reproductive age grou
NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1: A RARE PRESENTATION
Full text linkA14 month’s old female child brought to the emergency department with the h/o abnormal behavior, not responding to parents & right UL & LL seizures for 1hr 40min. In view of ongoing seizures & intermittent desaturation, the child was intubated & treated with multiple antiepileptic drugs as a child was resistant to primary treatment. The child has multiple café au lait spots/macules of variable size& abnormal fat pads. Right LL thinner than left LL. Cutaneous findings favor diagnosis towards NF11. MRI brain showed right cerebellar hypoplasia& MRI spectroscopy showed thalamic involvement7. Cerebellar hypoplasia is very rare in a case with NF13. NF1 associated with cerebellar hypoplasia presenting with seizures is 55.5%4. Frequently in NF1, the presence of multiple CALMs is the first feature noticed in a child & other features do not appear later childhood, delaying the diagnosis10. Early airway management in patients of NF1 presenting with seizures is lifesaving. Early detection and prompt attention to complications may reduce overall morbidity and mortality 9
A SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF COMBINATION THERAPY OF DEFERASIROX AND DEFEROXAMINE VERSUS DEFERASIROX FOR TREATMENT OF TRANSFUSIONAL IRON OVERLOAD IN SICKLE CELL ANEMIA IN AL-NAJAF AND BABYLON PROVINCE IN IRAQ
Full text linkoai:oai.medrech.com:article/1Background:- In Sickle cell anemia, transfusions improve blood flow by reducing the proportion of red cells capable of forming sickle hemoglobin polymer. This limits hemolysis and endothelial damage and repeated blood transfusion leading to iron overload or transfusion hemosiderosis, the only way to prevent this are by long-term chelation therapy.
Objectives: - The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of combination therapy in a group of patients with sickle cell anemia.
Patients and method:- The prospective study was done on sixty-five patients with the sickle cell anemia, conducted to Al-Najaf and Babylon thalassemia centers, classify into two groups, those on combined therapy of Deferoxamine-Deferasirox treatment as the second group, while on Deferasirox alone as the first group and its aim to assess the safety of the combined treatment.
Results: - Both regimens proved to have less adverse effects on hepatic or renal function and pellet count. The degree of reduction of serum ferritin is significantly higher with combined Deferoxamine-Deferasirox therapy. Conclusion: - combined chelating agents have a significant effect on serum ferritin, with an acceptable level of safety
MYOCARDIAL AND NEUROCOGNITIVE CHANGES IN LIGHTNING STRIKE INJURY: A CASE REPORT
Full text linkLightning is a frequent natural disaster and may result in death at a rate of up to 20-30 % of affected patients. Survivors of lightning exposure can exhibit a variety of cardiac abnormalities and neurocognitive changes. In this report, we present intensive care management of a case of 15 years old boy with myocardial and neurocognitive changes after lightning strike injury
GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA PRESENTING AS CUTANEOUS METASTASIS
Full text linkSkin is an uncommon site for metastasis of visceral malignancies. Cutaneous metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma is very rare with variable presentations ranging from ulcers to nodules suggesting a poor clinical outcome with limited treatment options. These lesions may present as the first symptom of an internal malignancy or may develop later in the disease process. We report a case of multifocal and multiple cutaneous metastases in a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma