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SQUAMOUS PAPILLOMA OF THE RETRO COMMISSURE AREA: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Get PDFSquamous papilloma is a HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) induced benign proliferation of stratified squamous epithelium. The lesion is of low virulence but of great clinical significance due to its variable clinical behavior. We present a report of squamous papilloma along with its review of literature which didn’t have the classic clinical appearance of papilloma but the histologic features were found to be consistent
IDIOPATHIC MONDOR’S DISEASE: A CASE REPORT
Get PDFMondor’s disease is a rare condition characterized by superficial thrombophlebitis of subcutaneous veins of the anterior chest wall. Trauma, infections, cancer and excessive physical activity are some of the predisposing factors. This is a case of a young male who presented with an acute onset right sided chest pain with a tender vertical cord like swelling over the right anterior chest wall and was diagnosed to have Mondor’s disease. However, he did not have any of the usual triggering factors
EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENT AND MODIFICATION OF OBJECTS OF DAILY USE ON HAND RECOVERY IN STROKE PATIENTS
Get PDFBackground: Stroke is of growing concern to health care providers worldwide especially developing countries due to the numerous predominant risk factors. Stroke patients often have compromised hand dexterity of at least one side and the hand is an integral component to accomplishing routine activities. Exercises provided to stroke patients usually are not specific to improving hand dexterity and enhancing ADL execution. Various measures like the ARAT scale and MAL can be used to assess hand function post stroke.
Objective: The objective of this study is to check the efficacy of modifications in the objects of daily use, how it enhances upper limb recovery in stroke patients.
Study design: Pre test post test control design.
Method: A total of 16 stroke patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered for the study and allocated into groups. Group A = EX and MOT (n=8) and Group B = EX (n=8). Treatment was administered over a period of 3 weeks. Pre test and post test ARAT and MAL scores were recorded.
Results: Both the groups showed improvement in hand function but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups on analysis.
Conclusion: General rehabilitation and training with modified objects of daily used were both beneficial to the patients. Modifications to the objects of daily use however improved the individual’s ability to perform the activity more than general exercises did
WORK LIFE BALANCE AMONG THE EMPLOYEES IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SECTOR – A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Get PDFWork-life balance is one of the most challenging issues being faced by the employees in the 21st century because of the type of roles they play at home and the spillover of personal life over work life. The concept of work-life balance has stemmed from the fact that an individual\u27s work life and personal life may put forth conflicting demands on one another and the demands from both the domains are equally important. Work-life balance refers to maintaining the balance between responsibilities at work and at home. This paper aims at examining the work-life balance among the employees in Information Technology sector under the sociological perspective. This study adopts descriptive research design involving random sampling procedure. Primary data was collected using Questionnaire method utilizing 5-point Likert scale. The sample size was 100 comprising 50 married and 50 unmarried respondents and the variables examined were occupational stress and work-life imbalance practices. The statistical tools applied were Mean, Standard Deviation, ANOVA, and t-Test. The results indicated that there is a significant difference among the employees in terms of perception towards work-life balance
SCREENING FOR DISTRESS IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS IN ALBANIA WITH A CANCER SPECIFIC QUESTIONNAIRE
Get PDFObjective: Based on evidence that psychologic distress often goes unrecognized although it is common among cancer patients, clinical practice guidelines recommend routine screening for distress. To date, however, only a minority of cancer centers worldwide have implemented emotional distress screening of patients with standardized tools. The aim of this study is to examine the validation and reliability of the distress thermometer (DT) recommended by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) in Albanian cancer patients in order to identify patients who may need further psychosocial care and to analyze whether distress may affect in any way the outcomes of cancer treatment.
Materials and Methods: 289 breast cancer patients were recruited. All patients completed National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer (DT) and Emotional Symptoms. The analyzed variables were age, type of surgery, DT scale, emotional symptoms, psychiatric diagnosis and follow-up by checking patients` medical records. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and ROC analysis using SPSS were used.
Results: The mean age was 54 years. All patients recruited were stage I (41.9%) and stage II (49.1%) breast cancer. They all underwent breast surgery. The emotional distress distribution based on the Distress Thermometer shows that 139 patients (48.1%) had a low rate of emotional distress (score ≤4) and 150 patients (51.9%) had a high rate of emotional distress (score >4), with a mean score of 4.64. A cutoff of 5 maximized sensitivity and specificity, which were 0.759 and 0.285 respectively assessed with ROC curve. A statistically significant correlation has been found between high scores in DT and not regular follow-ups of patients after the end of treatment, p<0.01. Patients who scored ≥5 in the DT were more likely to not keep up with regular followups.
Conclusions: Implementation of a reliable screening distress for breast cancer patients in Albania is highly recommended since it may positively affect the quality of life of cancer patients and cancer prognosis itself
ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AS A CAUSE OR A CONSEQUENCE OF A SEVERE THORACIC BLUNT TRAUMA – A CASE REPORT
Get PDFBackground: Acute coronary syndrome associated with severe thoracic trauma may be a concomitance, a coincidence or a subsequent event, requiring specific adaptation of emergency management. The purpose of the study- to highlight the special circumstances of an ACS occurrence in a severe thoracic blunt trauma
Material and method: Clinical case presentation - A 29 years old patient with severe thoracic blunt trauma, secondary brought to a level I trauma center ED. First assessment - serious chest trauma, malignant cardiac dysrhythmias, severe head trauma, spinal cord and pelvic fracture, progressive shock. Increased levels of cardiac biomarkers with atypical progression. Several hypotheses for the acute cardiac damage etiology considered, as toxic, ACS both causing or following the accident, but, taking into account the kinematics and severity of thoracic trauma, it was also considered the possibility of cardiac contusion occurred. Considering circumstances, the management has been orientated to life-threatening lesions and damage control and advance imagistic to confirm cardiac injury causes.
Conclusions: The strong suspicion for ACS associated with significant thoracic blunt trauma poses questions about his etiology (coronary artery disease, aortic or coronary artery traumatic disrupture), and, subsequently, about possible primary reperfusion procedures required. The concomitance of brain injury, hemorrhage and pulmonary contusion limited treatment of a potential ACS from CAD, fast volume replacement and ventilation strategies, in the context of shock and risk of secondary brain and spinal cord injury. HEMS has to be involved with a primary mission to evacuate directly to a level I trauma center this type of patients
EARLY DETECTION OF PROSTATE CANCER: KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF MALE HOSPITAL WORKERS IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL, SOUTH EASTERN NIGERIA.
Get PDFBackground: Incidence of Prostate cancer may be underestimated among Nigerians, but studies from different parts of Nigeria showed that Prostate cancer is the top male cancer and fourth commonest cancer in Nigeria among men ≥ 40 years. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is an invaluable screening test for early diagnosis in asymptomatic men. However, reports abound of poor awareness about Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) in this clime.
Objective: This study, aimed to ascertain the knowledge and practice of PSA for early detection of Prostate cancer among male hospital workers in Abia State University Teaching hospital.
Methodology: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study carried out amongst randomly selected male workers from different departments. One hundred and one eligible respondents returned completed questionnaires (response rate = 84%).
Results: The mean age of respondents was 40.6± 9.4 years. Majority of the respondents 63(62.4%) had poor knowledge while only 38(37.4%) had good knowledge of PSA. There was a statistically significant association (p < 0.001) between knowledge scores regarding PSA and occupation of respondents. There was also a statistically significant relationship between respondents’ age and knowledge of PSA (p = 0.002). Health workers were 8 times more likely to have good knowledge of PSA compared to support staff; OR 8.09 95% CI (3.03-20.08). Only 12(11.9%) respondents had done a PSA in the past .Eighty three percent of the respondents agreed that they would practice PSA test if it was free, 9% disagreed and 8% were undecided.
Conclusion: The study identified poor knowledge and practice of PSA among these hospital staff and cost as the most important independent predictors of intention to practice PSA test
PELVI-URETERIC JUNCTION OBSTRUCTION - A TEN YEAR SINGLE CENTER REVIEW IN NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
Get PDFBackground: PUJ obstruction (PUJO) is a functional or anatomic obstruction to urine flow from the renal pelvis to the proximal ureter. Late presentation is common in our environment. It is a common cause of neonatal and prenatal hydronephrosis, occurring in one per 1500 live births. It is less common in adults than in children but it is not rare in either population. Congenital causes of PUJO is more in males than females, 2-4:1 with left sided obstruction being commoner than the right. Most common etiology of PUJO is congenital obstruction (narrowing, crossing vessels). Acquired causes include calculi and stricture.
Objectives: We reviewed the outcome of our management of congenital and acquired PUJ obstruction over a 10-year period at University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Nigeria.
Methodology: This study was retrospective in nature, from January 2006 to December 2015. All patients who presented with clinical and radiological features of PUJO at any age of life were included in the study. Information obtained included age, sex, presenting symptoms, duration of symptoms, side of obstruction, the nature of the intervention performed, as well as whether a ureteric stent was used or not and if yes what type. The results of relevant clinical, laboratory and radiological investigations were noted. The data obtained was tabulated and analysed in the form of mean, median, mode, and percentages using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version16.
Results: Forty-one patients with PUJO were seen, 18 with congenital PUJO, 21 with renal calculi and 2 with strictures. The age range was 3 to 67 years, and mean age of 33.1 +/-15.7 years. The range of symptom duration was between 1 month to 180 months (15years), mean duration of 17.6 +/- 30.3 months. Anderson hynes pyeloplasty was done in 16 patients (14 patients with congenital PUJO and 2 with strictures). One patient with congenital PUJO had foley YV pyeloplasty. Three patients with congenital PUJO had simple nephrectomies for nonfunctional kidneys with severe flank pains. The 21 patients with calculi all had open pyelolithotomy. Twenty-two patients had ureteric stents inserted either using double J or improvising with small size feeding tubes intraoperatively. All patients had remarkable improvements in symptoms during followup.
Conclusion: PUJ obstruction is a common abnormality of the upper urinary tract. Presentation in later life is common in our environment even for congenital pathology. Renal pelvic stones were the most common aetiological cause of PUJ obstruction in our centre (51%), followed closely by congenital causes (39%)
A STUDY OF ARRANGED HOMICIDE – SUICIDE PACT, IS A PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT OR RESPONSIBILITY OF MODERNIZATION?
Get PDFThe million-dollar question always rises when in this era of modernization, the human life as well as its surrounding atmosphere does not suit to live life comfortably. This is a bitter truth that human being never satisfied with what we have and we try to get more and more. We are not satisfied with our resource that’s why we are planning to establish satellite stations and continuously in the search of new land in the universe as well as planning to develop residential plans on the moon and other places in the universe. Modernization is carried out to make the human life comfortable and make a person to live life in whatever way he thinks so. To enjoy life every person is doing his/her efforts to his maximum capability, by working day and night in his work place, doing extra time job, investing money in property, mutual funds as well as in shares. With all possible efforts, his/her life could not be so comfortable or because of various investments there may be burden of loans after word, he/she unable to live his life as enjoyable as he/she wants to enjoy. These all may result in mental, economical and social instability and may result in homicidal / suicidal tendency.
Context: suicidal deaths are increasing now a day. The center is receiving many cases every day for medicolegal postmortem examination either death of individual or death in group. This makes me to have the study on these groups because such type of study has not been carried out commonly.
Aims: looking in to the magnitude of increasing group deaths I have choose this study to find out the causative factor or precipitating circumstances resulting in death of many people.
Results: In present study 20 groups of homicide - suicide pact have been included. Incidences were commonly taking place in the months of January, April, and May. Maximum number of cases was resulted by the involvement of female and all were married and of young adult age group 21 -30 years. Commonly mother and children were involved and poisoning was the commonest mode of death followed by drowning. Middle of the month i.e.11 – 20 days is the peak duration for these types of deaths
GANGLION CELLS IN PORTION OF LINGUAL NERVE SUSPENDING SUBMANDIBULAR GANGLION – A CASE REPORT
Get PDFHaematoxylin and Eosin sections of a submandibular ganglion and its two roots suspended by the lingual nerve, with a portion of the submandibular gland were prepared from tissue obtained from an adult male cadaver during routine dissection. Ganglion cells were present in the submandibular ganglion, in the hilum of the submandibular gland, and in the epineurium, perineurium and within the fascicles of lingual nerve in longitudinal sections. Most parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck are cell bodies of neurons clumped together, to form tiny ganglia scattered in supporting tissue. The ganglion cells in the nerve were thought to be derived from myelencephalic neural crest cells arrested in their descent along the lingual nerve. A review of recent literature reveals that they are derived from Schwann cell precursors that migrate along nerves