Medico Research Chronicles
Not a member yet
767 research outputs found
Sort by
Role of Dental Professional in COVID-19 pandemic : A comprehensive review
Get PDFSARS-CoV-2, a virus causing severe acute respiratory syndrome, has inundated the whole world, generating global health concerns. The World Health Organization announced that the outbreaks of the novel coronavirus have constituted a public health emergency of international concern. Transmission occurs primarily through droplet spread or contact routes. Due to the characteristics of dental settings, the risk of cross infection can be high between patients and dental practitioners. Dental specialists in the upcoming days will likely come across patients with presumed or confirmed COVID-19 and will have to ensure stringent infection prevention and control to prevent its nosocomial spread. Therefore, a greater understanding of the structure of the virus, modes of transmission, clinical features, and testing methods is needed that can help to form protocols for dental practices to identify cases and prevent further spread of infection to the patients.
 
UTILITY OF CA 19-9 AND CEA IN DETERMINING RESECTABILITY OF PANCREATIC CANCER
Get PDFBackground: Pancreatic cancer considered as a ‘silent killer’ is usually diagnosed at the late stage of its course. Therefore, the accurate determination of its resectability is the most important contribution to reduce needless surgery to a minimum.
Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the utility of serum CA 19-9, CEA in determining resectability of pancreatic cancer.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study among purposively selected 54 patients diagnosed as pancreatic cancer in Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) from 1st July 2016 to 31st June 2017. The patients were evaluated by history, physical examination and investigations. The patients were considered to have potentially resectable tumour after assessment. The patients were undergoing surgery for potential tumour resection at the operation theater. Statistical analyses of the results were be obtained by using window-based Microsoft Excel and Statistical Packages for Social Sciences.
Results: This study shows 59.26% (32) patients were in >60 years age group. 62.96% (34) patients were male out of total 54 patients. 98.15% (53) patient had jaundice, 96.30% (52) had weight loss. There was no significant association between CA 19-9, CEA with age, sex and clinical features. Out of the 54 patients, 45 patients were resectable pancreatic carcinoma and 9 patients was unresectable. In this study sensitivity was 88.9%, specificity was 55.6%, PPV was 90.9% and NPV was 50% for CA 19-9. In CEA, sensitivity 77.78%, specificity was 55.56%, PPV was 89.74% and NPV was 33.33%. Conclusion: The study revealed that lower level of CA 19-9 and CEA can be utilized to determine resectiablity in patients with pancreatic carcinoma with a good positive predictive value
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF CERVICAL CANCER SPECIMEN AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR TEACHING HOSPITAL, CALABAR
Get PDFBackground: Cervical cancer is the second commonest malignancy in females worldwide with variation in incidence and mortality from country to country. However, there is a huge burden of the disease in sub-Saharan Africa.
Aims/Objectives: The aim of this study is to do a histopathological study of cervical cancer specimens at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar.
Methodology: The study design is a prevalence study on archival specimens. The cervical cancer cases diagnosed between 2009 and 2014 was identified. The paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of cervical cancer were selected.
Results: There was 123 sample analyzed in this study. The age range of the subjects is 31 to 75years. The median age of the subjects is 48.59±10.61.
Conclusion: Cervical cancer is a huge source of concern in our society constituting a big public health challenge. With recent advances in medical science, prevention through an organized cervical cancer screening programme and vaccination against high-risk human papillomavirus would go a long way to nip this problem on the board
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection with underlying neurological sequalae and status epilepticus simulating progressive cytomegalovirus encephalitis
Get PDFCongenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss, mental retardation, developmental delay, seizure disorder, and neurological deficits with sequalae. Congenital CMV with central nervous system (CNS) manifestations usually have a permanent neurological disability resulting in an encephalopathy which is non-progressive but some infants with congenital CMV infection may progress or have persistent active brain inflammation resulting in progressive encephalopathy. Here we report a case of two years boy who presented with fever and status epilepticus with underlying CNS sequelae of congenital CMV infection which was a diagnostic challenge because of progressive neurologic symptoms simulating congenital cytomegalovirus progressive encephalitis. He was managed with intravenous fluids, oxygenation, Injection Ceftriaxone, and Acyclovir along with anti-seizure drugs. The child responded well without any new neurological deficit proving it was new-onset meningoencephalitis and not a progressive CMV encephalitis
Keratolytic and anti-inflammatory action of salicylic acid in patients with seborrheic dermatitis associated with psoriasis, cases report
Get PDFObjectives: The objective was to evaluate the keratolytic and anti-inflammatory action of salicylic acid in two reported cases of patients with seborrheic dermatitis associated with psoriasis.
Methods: Clinical photographs of the frontal region and retro headset were taken with a digital camera olimpus SP570UZ with master software 2.0. The images obtained both in the initial phase of the study and at the 24 hours of treatment were transferred and stored on a 4-core Sansung computer. Image J software was used to measure the area selected for the study in both cases. This measurement was made in pixels for the photographic region under study. Aspects such as the presence of erythematous scales, inflammatory zones, hyperkeratosis, or scabs were evaluated before and after treatment.
Results: Case 1 showed a 48.89% reduction in the affected area after 24 hours of treatment. Case 2 showed a 52.98% reduction at 24 hours of treatment. Conclusions: The keratolytic and anti-inflammatory action of salicylic acid was evident in this case report
TESTING THE HYPOGLYCEMIC AND LIPID-LOWERING EFFECT OF DORYCNIUM HERBACEUM PLANT POWDER COMPARED TO BILBERRY, USING MICE WITH STREPTOZOTOCIN DIABETES
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus is one of the most serious and most common multisystemic diseases with increasing prevalence and incidence, leading to early disability and mortality. In the pharmaceutical field, there has been an increase in the demand for natural hypoglycemic products, the management of diabetes being a challenge for the medical system. In this context, the present study aims to investigate the hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering action of plant powder derived from Dorycnium herbaceum using experimentally streptozotocininduced diabetic mice. For the induction of diabetes, streptozotocin was injected intraperitoneal in a single dose of 180 mg/kg b.w. The experiment was performed on 4 groups of 5 adult Swiss Albino Mice mice, the animals receiving daily medication at the same time for four weeks. Three control groups were used in the experiment: group I consisting of mice with normal pancreatic function, diabetic group II and diabetic group IV, treated with Vaccinium myrtillus fructus powder (50 mg / kg), a recognized product for the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect . diabetic mice Group III diabetic mice were treated with Dorycnium herbaceum herba powder (50 mg / kg). At seven-day intervals, after a 12-hour diet, we determined blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides, blood being harvested from the tail vein. The results obtained support the efficacy of the studied powders, normalizing the values of glycemia and lipids level in diabetes
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC FINGERPRINT IN VIZ FOR SEVEN HYDROALCOHOLIC VEGETABLE EXTRACTS
Get PDFIn this work, we aimed to determine the spectral fingerprint in VIZ for seven extracts made from hypoglycemic species. Absorbance measurement was performed using a UV-VIS Jasco V-530 Spectrophotometer coupled with a computer, the subsequent processing of the absorption spectra in the VIZ being performed with the Jasco V- 500W (V-500 / FP-750) software. Spectral analysis in the VIZ of tinctures reveals the presence of the maximum absorption for chlorophyll a (640-670 nm) and two absorption peaks at λ 530-540 nm and 600-610 nm, attributed to the presence of flavonoids
POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS AND ASSOCIATED MORTALITY IN PATIENTS BELOW 18 YEARS OF AGE WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Get PDFCongenital heart disease (CHD) is present in about 9 of every 1,000 live-born children. Children with CHD are surviving longer, and a better understanding of the long-term complications of CHD is continuously emerging. Hence, it is important to be comfortable with the primary care requirements for these children. A thorough understanding of the anatomy and morphology of complex congenital heart disease is essential for the successful management of patients with complex congenital heart disease and to avoid unwanted complications. A present retrospective observational study was designed to assess the rate of mortality associated with various complications postoperative in children with congenital heart disease. Total of 244 patients were included in the study. 84 were reported with various complications. And 48 patients were died early or late follow up after the operation. The percentage of mortality in patients with complex congenital heart disease was found to be higher
Association between itching and suspected dengue encephalitis
Get PDFDengue is a major health problem in most tropical and subtropical areas and is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world.1 1) Dengue virus infection involves three phases of illness; the febrile phase, the critical phase (plasma leakage) and the convalescent (reabsorption) phase