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Acute coronary syndrome with normal ECG and negative biomarkers: Case reports.
Get PDFAcute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is diagnosed in an Emergency Department (ED) with the help of Ischemic symptoms, an abnormal Electro Cardio Gram (ECG) and a positive biomarker like Troponin or CK MB enzyme. Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) presents with acute ischemic symptoms and ST depression or T inversion or even a normal ECG but with positive biomarkers. We present two unique cases here of Acute Coronary Syndrome with normal serial ECGs and negative biomarkers even after 6 hours of the index event
The odontogenic Keratocyst; evolution of treatment modalities and recurrence rates
Get PDFThe odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is considered one of the more aggressive cysts due to its high recurrence rate, expressed histopathologically by a delicate, friable wall containing small satellite cysts which is often difficult to enucleate from the bone in toto. First described by Philipsen in 1956, this particular entity has evoked much discussion and debate in terms of the treatment options and recurrence rates, in literature. Numerous surgical modalities have been practiced including decompression, marsupialization, enucleation with or without adjunct (such as Carnoy’s solution or cryotherapy) and resection. Having been classified as a cyst of odontogenic origin for over five decades, the designation changed from a cyst to an odontogenic tumour in 2005, and reversed back to a cyst in 2017. Approximately 11 % of all cysts of the maxillofacial region are comprised of odontogenic keratocysts and it is located most commonly in the mandibular posterior region. This paper aims to review the overall recurrence rate of the OKC in relation to specific treatment methods
The comprehensive glycaemic control using the triple combination- Voglibose, Glimepiride, Metformin
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases in the world. Type 1 diabetes is due to insulin deficiency affecting about 5-10% of the diabetic population, whereas type 2 is most common which occurs mainly due to insulin resistance. Diabetes is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality characterized by hyperglycemia that is associated with several complications including neuropathy, nephropathy, heart disease, stroke and vascular disease
A corrected H-index for academic leadership determination: A bibliographic research: A corrected H-index for academic leadership determination: A bibliographic research
No full textBackground: Academic medical leadership is closely related to scientific research productivity and publication. A researcher’s h-index is based on his/her most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other’s publications. It is generally determined by knowing the number of articles written by the author indexed in citation databases. An H-index will be 10 if 10 articles have received at least 10 citations. Ignoring the order and authorship role of an individual researcher may lead to rather a misleading H-index that is totally not relevant to academic leadership determination.
Materials and methods: An author was found to have an extremely misleading H-index of 28 at Google Scholar citation that is not relevant to academic leadership deterioration. The papers’ citations in his profile were assessed and a corrected rational non-misleading H-index was determined.
Results: The author\u27s name was not among the first five authors for the first 20 papers listed by Google Scholar Citation, and in most of these papers, his name was not present among the first ten authors. The author\u27s name appears among the first three authors in 9 papers (Number 27, 28,29, 36, 41, 43, 45, 47, 50) as listed by Google Scholar Citation. These papers has 34, 30, 21, 10, 5, 5,4,4,3 citations respectively. The author real H-index is 5; because he has at least 5 papers having five citations (Number 27, 28, 29, 36, 41, 43).
Conclusion: The corrected H-index should be calculated while considering the papers really authored by an individual author who should be among the first three authors. Many authors who join a large collaborative research group will generally have a minor contribution to research development and publication, but they may achieve a rather misleading high H-index. It is recommended that Google Scholar Citation adopt the corrected H-index to guarantee the reliability and usefulness of the H-index
Pattern of electrolyte profile among admitted children (1-18 years) at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.
Get PDFBackground: Electrolyte imbalances among children, if not well managed, have deleterious effects that can lead to increased mortality and morbidity. This study takes into consideration the pattern and profile of electrolyte imbalance among children aged 1-18 years that were admitted for various ailments over a six month period at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital in Southern Nigeria.
Method: This observational study was done at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH). Children aged 1-18 years who were admitted for more than 24hours for various ailments were investigated for electrolytes over a 6-month period. All patients on electrolyte therapy were excluded from the study. Also, patients with congenital or acquired electrolyte abnormalities were excluded from the study. Results were obtained daily for each patient after collecting blood into the appropriate sample bottles. Various values of electrolyte obtained were compared with the reference intervals to ascertain the level of deviation from the expected normal for age.
Results: A total of 227 children participated in the study which was made up of 108(47.6%) males and 119(52.4%) females in the ratio 0.9:1.Children aged 1-5 years made up of a bulk of the study population accounting for 55.9%. The study showed that the commonest electrolyte abnormality detected by the studied population was a low level of bicarbonate accounting for 52.9% of all the children. Children aged 1-5 years accounted for 34.8% of children with low bicarbonate levels. Children aged 6-12 years were 11.9%, and those aged 13-18years were 6.2%. Hyponatremia was the next commonest type of electrolyte abnormality in the children, accounting for 39.6% of all sodium abnormalities in the study population.54.6% had normal sodium level and 3.1% had mildly elevated sodium levels. Again, the children aged 1-5 years old had the higher prevalence of hyponatremia (22.9%). Thus, the group of children aged 1-5 year had both the commonest electrolyte abnormalities for both low bicarbonate levels and low hyponatremia. In relation to other age groups, the difference was statistically significant at p value of 0.017.
Conclusion: Just like in adults, electrolyte imbalances are common clinico –laboratory presentations with varied manifestations. Therefore, adequate attention should be drawn to these clinical features to properly manage the patients with such presentations
Role of pulmonary rehabilibtation in cases of healed pulmonary Tuberculosis
Get PDFIntroduction: Pulmonary rehabilitation is a comprehensive intervention for patients with chronic respiratory diseases who are symptomatic and often decreased life activities Pulmonary rehabilitation reduces hospitalization among patients who have a repeated exacerbation. This study is used to assess the role of pulmonary rehabilitation in healed pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Materials and Method: This is a hospital-based randomized case-control study, conducted in 132 clinically healed tuberculosis patients in Sarojini Naidu medical college, Agra to assess the role of pulmonary rehabilitation in healed tuberculosis patient The role of pulmonary rehabilitation in healed pulmonary tuberculosis patients is assessed by 6minute walk test and Modified Borg Scale [RPE scale]
Result: The change in decline in [PRE 6MWT] observed between the case and control group was significant [p<0.5]. The change in decline in [POST 6MWT] observed between the case and control group was significant [p<0.5]. Conclusion: In conclusion, pulmonary rehabilitation is a new hope for patients with healed pulmonary tuberculosis. It is a treatment that reduces dyspnea and increases activities of daily living, exercise tolerance, exercise capacity, and better quality of life
SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS-B VIRUS INFECTION IN SLUM POPULATION OF DHAKA CITY, BANGLADESH
Get PDFBackground: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant global health concern, particularly in developing countries. While previous studies in Bangladesh have reported varying HBV prevalence rates, data specific to urban slum populations is limited.
Objective: Aim of the study was determine the seroprevalence of HBV infection among slum dwellers in Dhaka City, a population potentially at high risk due to socioeconomic and environmental factors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2006 to June 2007, involving 2,000 adults randomly selected from slum clusters in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Participants completed a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic information was blood samples were collected and tested for HBsAg using test strips, with positive results confirmed by ELISA.
Results: The study revealed hepatitis-B virus infection seroprevalence of 5.40% among the 2,000 participants (mean age 31.91 ± 11.34 years, 59% female). Knowledge about HBV was notably low, with only 7.06% aware that hepatitis could be caused by an infectious agent and 53.99% unaware of transmission modes. HBV vaccination coverage was extremely low at 2.33%. High-risk behaviors were identified, including receiving injections from unqualified providers (16.96%) and using disposable syringes (20.91%). Significantly, HBsAg positivity was associated with male gender (p=0.002), younger age (mean 28.78 ± 10.78 years, p=0.013), and household water supply (p=0.0001). None of the HBsAg-positive cases had received HBV vaccination (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The study reveals a significant HBV seroprevalence in Dhaka\u27s slum population, coupled with low levels of awareness and preventive behaviors. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted public health interventions, including education campaigns, accessible vaccination programs, and improved healthcare services tailored to the unique challenges of urban slum communities
Combination dual therapy of Empagliflozin and Linagliptin for the management of Type 2 Diabetes
Get PDFPatients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) - namely myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke 1. Despite the efforts and advancements, the impact of T2DM on CVD outcomes remains high and continues to escalate. With the escalation in the severity of hyperglycemia, macrovascular complications increases, thus suggesting an almost linear relation between metabolic disturbances and vascular damag
A clinicopathological study of thyroid swelling
Get PDFPatients with a thyroid swelling present with a mass in the midline neck but can have a varied etiology thus posing a diagnostic challenge. Thyroid swellings are responsible for a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Various benign and malignant lesions are usually found in the thyroid. The present study is done from June 2013 to August 2014. The present study is designed to study Histopathology evaluation of thyroid masses. And to study the etiopathogenesis of the thyroid mass. 24 cases of thyroid masses visiting ENT OPD were recorded. The provisional diagnosis was established and further investigations in the form of complete blood counts, Serum T3, T4 and TSH, Indirect or fibreoptic laryngoscopy, ultrasonography neck, computed tomography scanning and fine-needle aspiration cytology were done.
Thyroid lumps were more prevalent in women between the ages of 21 and 40, possibly as a result of increased estrogen predominance during pregnancy and in premenopausal women.
Females made up the majority of patients with thyroid swellings (80 percent). Although malignant thyroid growths were uncommon (20%), malignancy should be sought out in every thyroid nodule since cancers might show as well confined nodules in the thyroid.
To identify the cause of thyroid enlargement, a detailed history and thorough examination of the head, neck, and ENT examination with relevant investigations are required. It is critical to rule out malignancy in every case of thyroid enlargement, as males have a higher frequency of malignant swellings
Synchronous ovarian dysgerminoma and metastatic breast carcinoma: A case report
Get PDFIntroduction: Synchronous dual malignancies are rare findings. A unique case report of first of its kind of synchronous ovarian dysgerminoma and metastatic infiltrating duct carcinoma of the breast is being reported.
Presentation of Case: A young female investigated for pain abdomen was found to have right ovarian mass was operated outside which was histopathologically proven to be dysgerminoma presented to our clinics with complaints of a bilateral breast lump, dry cough and pain abdomen. She had a raised beta HCG and LDH. She was investigated and diagnosed as a case of metastatic breast carcinoma with ovarian dysgerminoma.
Discussion: Patients with germline BRCA mutations have been shown to present with such aggressive dual malignancy of breast and ovary. She survived only for two to three months after her initial presentation.
Conclusion: Such patients need to be screened and detected early so that aggressive treatment could be started and survival could be increased